| Salt (117) |  |
| Sugar (340) | |
with some US doctors now prescribing Adderall#amphetamine salts used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy#to healthy children from low-income families purely to improve academic performance.
Pass the salt. And the pepper. And while you're at it, the ketchup too.
Plus egg powder, beetroot juice, breadcrumbs, salt and saffron to add texture, flavour and colour to the otherwise white meat.
And keep the salt, pepper and ketchup handy. If you would like to comment on this article
European researchers are working on a sugar-based drug-delivery system which they believe will boost the potency of anticancer drugs,
The legacy of the three Marie Curie researchers will be based the sugar fully recyclable PEF bottles that will steadily replace the familiar PET bottles.
#Deciphering the'language of sugars'to benefit health and industry It was this challenge which formed the focus of Polymode,
whose properties are dictated by complex sugars. Also known as polysaccharides, these complex sugars are by far the most abundant biomolecules on the planet.
Produced biologically in plants, animals and microorganisms, they determine how cells behave in a multitude of ways.
which cells ommunicate Human immune systems often recognise pathogens by the sugar structures on their surface.
The sheer diversity of the structures and capabilities displayed by complex sugars, together with the fact that they are natural materials
therefore, the task was to maximise both the supply of these sugars, and their uses.
Whereas the language of genes famously makes use of just four etters there are more than 20 letters in the language of sugars.
The technology willuse molten salts as heat transfer fluid and willproduce heat and power from solar sourcesintegrated with renewable fuels such asbiomass biogas
and sugars and we re just starting to scratch the surface she says. So work like this is pretty fundamental.
and sugars in modest quantities to keep the cells functioning.####The cell is like a car
Without the interference of fat you hope that sugar will then enter the cell normally.##
and muscle tissue is the key to restoring the cells ability to respond to insulin properly which would allow the right amount of sugar to be taken up by cells
That's when they produce the equivalent of vegetable oil. But to convert them into truly viable biofuel producers we need them to grow
Lead author Patrick T. Sadtler a Ph d. candidate in the University of Pittsburgh department of bioengineering compared the study s findings to cooking. uppose you have flour sugar baking soda eggs salt and milk.
in order to achieve the goal of pouring sugar into a stainless steel vat of bioengineered yeast and skimming off specific opioids at the end of the process.
Now her team must extend the 2008 process from sugar to thebaine. Once she forges this missing link in the chain of biochemical synthesis she will have produced a bioengineered yeast that can perform all 17 steps from sugar to specific opioid drugs in a single vat. e are already working on thisshe says.
Smolke says it could take several more years to perfect these last steps in the lab
another process to use the leftover cellulose to make a composite materialmoon says. he cellulose crystals are more difficult to break down into sugars to make liquid fuel.
and copper salts are used often to detect vapors because they change color in the presence of solvents.
the researchers came up with a magnetic sensor the size of a sugar cube that is also cheaper to manufacture
It's made of strands of nonliving and nonviable DNA encased in sugars similar to common icing sugar.
Applying DNATRAX is simply a matter of spraying it on fruits vegetables and meats or mixing it in with bulk commodities like honey olive oil flour or rice.
and olive oils mixing the premium with the cheap stuff. Since such label swapping and adulteration does not occur where the food is produced
he said, with exercise, ot drinking too much sugar, and saying, addy, don drink so much because it not good for dementia.
regulators are taking aim at a range of tactics used to market foods high in sugar,
He said companies had changed also many recipes to reduce salt, sugar and fat and add healthful ingredients like whole grains. he rate of reformulation is going to increase,
not as a result of the principles that were announced today but because consumers are demanding changes in the marketplace,
And they could not contain unhealthful amounts of sugar, saturated fat, trans fat and salt. The sugar requirement would limit cereals to eight grams of added sugar a serving,
far less than many popular cereals have today. Froot Loops and Cap Crunch, for example, contain 12 grams of sugar a serving.
a non-stop sugar rush, without the sugar. Just call it the ultimate diet cheat. Of course, the team still needs to take into account that taste isn t just something that happens with the taste buds.
and regulating sugar levels in the blood. Every 5 minutes, a signal is sent wirelessly from a glucose monitor under the user s skin to an iphone app,
Both the highs and lows of sugar levels were controlled better than what the participants were able to do managing their own diabetes prior to the trial,
and helps regulate the body response to sugars process that goes awry in type 2 diabetes.
Its viscosity acidity and sugar content make it good at sealing wounds and it even contains small amounts of hydrogen peroxide.
because most of the salt in sea water is expelled as it freezes. Armed with the hypothesis that the missing source might be such a polynya,
In Monday's study, synthetic biologists at the University of California at Berkeley inserted an enzyme gene from beets to coax yeast into converting tyrosine--an amino acid easily derived from sugar--into a compound called reticuline.
when sugar-fed yeast could reliably produce a controlled substance, "said John Dueber, who co-led Monday's paper."
or how many grams of sugar in a milkshake. You can use it to determine what exactly is inside your nutritional supplement
NASA's Cassini spacecraft flew through the geysers and detected water salts and carbon-based molecules.
and are known to contain both salts and organic compounds. They make an attractive target for exploration as a craft could potentially fly through them to take samples much simpler than landing on a moon.
More importantly they found calcium sulphate salts which form in non-acidic water. They also found sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide two forms of sulphur that have lost respectively
In addition the bacteria could potentially be designed to live in the human digestive tract to monitor someone s dietary intake such as how much sugar
The ions ejected by Velsquez-Garc a s prototype are produced from an ionic salt that s liquid at room temperature.
Increasing an array s ion current is a matter of regulating the flow of the ionic salt up the emitters sides.
This work goes a long way to squeezing the last drop of ethanol from sugar adds Gerald Fink an MIT professor of biology member of the Whitehead Institute and the paper s other senior author.
This discovery will have direct applications in commercial processes for alcohol production from high concentrations of sugar.
and sugars produced as the byproducts of metabolic processes. What we found was that this really interesting signature fell out as predicting pancreatic cancer diagnosis which was elevation in these three branched chain amino acids:
and uses it to power the second stage of photosynthesis building sugars. Chloroplasts can still perform these reactions
Free ride Vaccines made of protein or sugar fragments, also known as subunit vaccines, have been successful against a few diseases, such as hepatitis and diphtheria.
#Decoding sugar addiction Together, obesity and Type 2 diabetes rank among our nation greatest health problem,
and they largely result from what many call an ddictionto sugar. But solving this problem is complicated more than solving drug addiction,
and shown that inhibiting a previously unknown brain circuit that regulates compulsive sugar consumption does not interfere with healthy eating. or the first time,
we have identified how the brain encodes compulsive sugar seeking and wee also shown that it appears to be distinct from normal,
that compulsive sugar consumption is mediated by a different neural circuit than physiological, healthy eating. For the study, Tye and her graduate student Edward Nieh focused on the connections between the VTA and the lateral hypothalamus (LH),
Mice naturally love sucrose similar to humans loving sugar-rich sodas so Nieh trained mice to seek out sucrose at a delivery port upon hearing
because we have the recording data to show how this compulsive sugar-seeking happens, Nieh says,
"She preferred not to use cyanide, formaldehyde, arsenic and heavy metal salts. She was inspired by a journal article by researchers who achieved silver precipitation using coffee.
which allows small molecules and salts to flow through without any trouble. Larger molecules, like MESSENGER RNA, can only pass
and at the same time transforms the iron nanoparticles into innocuous salt.""We believe we are offering a totally innovative approach to the improvement of biogas production and organic waste treatment,
The most widely used thermal fluids are water, ethylene glycol, thermal oils and molten salts. One characteristic that is common to all of them, according to Juliá, is"their low thermal conductivity,
The ions ejected by Velsquez-Garca's prototype are produced from an ionic salt that's liquid at room temperature.
Increasing an array's ion current is a matter of regulating the flow of the ionic salt up the emitters'sides.
However, due to residual remnants of antigens such as sugar or other molecules, the human patients'immune cells are likely to attack the animal matrix.
followed by a series of purification steps changing its color from brown to bright white, similar in color and texture to powdered sugar.
After that, he ground salt and magnesium, both very common elements found dissolved in sea water into the purified quartz.
Thus, a sample of the new material the size of a sugar cube presents a surface area equivalent to that of more than seven tennis courts."
and metal salts can serve as a versatile platform where equal sized metal nanoparticles can be distributed evenly on the surface of the polymer nanocapsules.
and with more salt, a more solid yet elastic mesh-like layer.""The mechanism of this phase transition is said not obvious
used in our bodies for the digestion of food into sugars and energy during human metabolism, for example."
"In the pathway, G6pdh uses the glucose sugar substrate and a cofactor called NAD to strip hydrogen atoms from glucose and transfer to the next enzyme, MDH,
@Auroria The sugar comment has no place here. If this was a dietary article or one on diabetes or obesity it would fit but not here.
However the culprit was excess sugar and sodium intake combined with obesity; from a life time of eating processed foods!
Auroria I agree that sugar is a drug and that is extremely unhealthy (I avoid it).
You would die without sugar. Truth be told your body will start to make its own sugar
if you don't supply it (gluconeogenesis). Perhaps you should do a tad more research than just popular press--do some reading of primary sources.
I agree very much about sugar. People concentrate on illegal drugs when legal drugs kill many times more.
and monitor health blood pressure or sugar levels for example. They also allow the persons caregivers to monitor their wellbeing remotely and to check for falls.
but adding sugar to the mix would create soft, weak, concrete. In the end, Jonkers chose calcium lactate,
which would be carved nearly a mile underground inside geological salt layers deep underground. When the energy was needed,
because the company will take the salt removed to create the caverns and eject it into the ocean waters off Northern ireland coast.
which is typically part salt, part solvent. The researchers used lithium iodide as the salt,
which offers a high-energy storage capacity with low cost, and water as the solvent. In tests, the researchers compared the solar flow battery's performance to that of a typical lithium-iodine battery.
which is typically part salt, part solvent. The researchers used lithium iodide as the salt,
which offers a high-energy storage capacity with low cost, and water as the solvent. In tests, the researchers compared the solar flow battery's performance to that of a typical lithium-iodine battery.
a postdoctoral research scholar, cut sugar production in liver cells by inhibiting a key protein involved in transporting pyruvate, a building block of glucose, from the bloodstream into the energy factories of liver cells, called mitochondria.
The biofuel is produced from draff the sugar rich kernels of barley soaked in water to facilitate the fermentation process necessary for whisky production and pot ale,
The biofuel is produced from draff the sugar rich kernels of barley soaked in water to facilitate the fermentation process necessary for whisky production and pot ale,
carbon dioxide and water into sugars. Instead of sugars, however, synthetic photosynthesis seeks to produce liquid fuels that can be stored for months
or years and distributed through existing energy infrastructure. In a roundtable discussion on his recent breakthroughs and the future of synthetic photosynthesis, Peidong Yang, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools
To do that, they need model systems to study nature's best designs, especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures."
In a paper published in the journal Nature Geoscience, Mcewen and other scientists identified waterlogged molecules salts of a type known as perchlorates in readings from orbit."
"That's a direct detection of water in the form of hydration of salts,"Mcewen said."
The researchers were able to identify the telltale sign of a hydrated salt at four locations.
In addition, the signs of the salt disappeared when the streaks faded.""It's very definitive there is some sort of liquid water,
The perchlorate salts lower the freezing temperature, and the water remains liquid. The average temperature of Mars is about minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit,
Angelini likens this effect to the way that sugar can appear both solid and fluid depending on physical impact:
The porous channels are created by mixing salt with the rubbery elastomer when still in the liquid stage.
the outside of the organ is coated with the polymer, minus the salt. This prevents the external layer from also becoming permeable and eakingfluid.
and Hamed Bay, Sponge is a highly porous and super hydrophobic material derived from heated sucrose (a form of sugar).
Since it is made from sugar the per-gram cost is only 15 cents, reducible with economies of scale.
and produce sugar or biofuels when exposed to the sun. The underlying concept is that such functions will,
which is a form of sugar has a highly porous structure that is simultaneously water-repellant and pollutant-absorbent.
Researchers are looking to convert these biopolymers to free the functional sugars and discharge energy.
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
Instead of sugars, however, synthetic photosynthesis seeks to produce liquid fuels that can be stored for months or years and distributed through existing energy infrastructure.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
"which are dissolved basically salts in a solution. The EPFL scientists exploited the liquid's tunability to bring it to an ideal viscosity gradient-enough to slow down DNA.
This innovative perfume system has been created by tagging a raw fragrance onto an ionic liquid (salt in the form of liquid)
#Modified Yeast Produce Opiates From Sugar, Stanford university Study It typically takes a year to produce hydrocodone from plants,
so that these fast-growing cells could convert sugar into hydrocodone in just three to five days.
These genes equipped the yeast to produce all the enzymes necessary for the cells to convert sugar into hydrocodone,
In addition to bioengineering yeast to convert sugar into hydrocodone, the Stanford team developed a second strain that can process sugar into thebaine, a precursor to other opioid compounds.
which is a host enzyme to add sugars to proteins. By identifying ERMANI as the target that slows the spread of HIV-1
"which influences attachment of the embryo to the mother's womb. his code is built up of sugars on the surface of cells of the embryo and the uterus;
is derived from heated sucrose, a form of sugar. It has a highly porous structure that is super hydrophobic,
which are complex structures of monosaccharide sugars linked together and attached to virtually all secreted proteins.
which are complex structures of monosaccharide sugars linked together and attached to virtually all secreted proteins.
"The researchers discovered that heat-treating graphene oxide and small amounts of cobalt salts in a gaseous environment forced individual cobalt atoms to bind to the material.
Like Sugar in Coffee Copper while a relatively cheap metal, is not nearly as catalytically powerful as platinum, noted Professor of Chemistry Charles Sykes, Ph d.,one of the senior authors on the paper."
"We were excited to find that the platinum metal dissolved in copper, just like sugar in hot coffee, all the way down to single atoms.
The hydrated salts lower the freezing point of the liquid brine, the same way salt helps melt snow and ice on our roads after a blizzard.
e found the hydrated salts only when the seasonal features were widest, which suggests that either the dark streaks themselves or a process that forms them is the source of the hydration,
the detection of hydrated salts on these slopes means that water plays a vital role in the formation of these streaks. uring the announcement today,
sugar and calories provided by ice-cream are far more likely to contribute to weight gain that trivial amounts of these additives.#
including the sugar in maize and sugarcane. Fermentation turns the sugar into lactic acid which in turn is a building block for polylactic acid.
According to co-author Professor Bert Sels of hape-selective zeolite catalysis for bioplastics productionthe production process for PLA is expensive because of the intermediary steps."
The electrolyte is essentially a salt that is liquid at room temperature so it is safe, according to Stanford graduate student and co-lead author Ming Gong.
The result is a metabolic core that takes CO2 out of the atmosphere and converts it into sugar.
Using sugar, silicone, and a 3d printer, bioengineers and surgeons have created an implant with an intricate network of blood vessels.
SUGAR AGESBIOENGINEERING graduate student Samantha Paulsen and research technician Anderson Ta worked together to develop a proof-of-concept construct small silicone gel about the size of a small candy gummy bearsing 3d printing.
It a technique pioneered by Miller in 2012nd inspired by the intricate sugar glass cages crafted by pastry chefs to garnish desserts.
Using an open-source 3d printer that lays down individual filaments of sugar glass one layer at a time
Once the sugar hardened, they placed it in a mold and poured in silicone gel. After the gel cured, Miller team dissolved the sugar,
leaving behind a network of small channels in the silicone. hey don yet look like the blood vessels found in organs,
#Engineered yeast turns sugar into painkiller Scientists have reprogrammed the genetic machinery of baker yeast so that the fast-growing cells can convert sugar into hydrocodone in just three to five days.
The advance could lead to a faster and potentially cheaper way to make other types of plant-based medicine.
These genes equipped the yeast to produce all the enzymes necessary for the cells to convert sugar into hydrocodone
In addition to bioengineering yeast to convert sugar into hydrocodone, the team developed a second strain that can process sugar into thebaine,
"In this paper, we demonstrated their efficacy on sugars, but one can envision applications of this concept with enzymes acting on other types of molecules such as lipids
looking to design a monobody that would cause the enzyme to only act on small sugar chains.
"We were able to design one monobody that prevents ß-Gal from using certain sugars as starting material
"This is an extraordinary finding that paves the way for targeting sugar molecules in pediatric and adulthood human cancer,
"The electrolyte is basically a salt that's liquid at room temperature, so it's very safe,
the researchers combined antibacterial ammonium salts with standard dental resins. The resultant mixture was hardened then using ultraviolet light and put inside a 3d printer to print samples of replacement teeth.
The positive charge on the ammonium salts gives the resin its bacteria-killing property, disrupting negatively charged bacterial membranes and causing them to burst and die.
#Douxmatok develops new technology that makes sugar twice as sweet, so you eat half as much A new technology in the food industry makes ordinary sugar twice as sweeto food tastes exactly the same with half the calories,
and without the controversy of artificial sweeteners. By coating tiny food safe particles with natural sugar like sucrose or glucose, the technology can trick the sweetness receptors on your tongue into thinking youe eating a full serving.
The startup behind the idea compares it to drug delivery in pharmaceuticals. rug delivery allows you to take less of an active material
But you still use sugar. Depending on the food, the technology cuts sugar by 25%to 55%.
%That means it also cheaper than a normal recipe. f the coated particle were the same sweetness as sugar,
it would be more expensive, obviously, he says. ut what we sell is sweetness equivalence.
If I twice as sweet as sugar you need only half as much in order to have the same sweet effect.
The sugar-carrying particle is already a commonly used food additive, so it doesn require new safety testing.
or cake and another that could cut back sugar in soda, all while keeping the exact flavor of the originalnd keeping people happier
We were provenbsolutely provens identical in sensory profile to sugars. But whilst we offer people what makes them happy mentally,
proteins found on the surface of immune cells that recognise a type of sugar called sialic acid. hese receptors help the immune system distinguish between self and non-self
These findings are surprising ince it had not been reported previously that engaging this siglec receptor with nanoparticles displaying the glycan (sugar) ligand would have such profound effects on inflammation,
and produce sugar or biofuels when exposed to the sun. Oxman said, uch functions will in the near future augment the wearer by scanning our skins,
Advances in bioengineering had allowed scientists to understand the complex processes within the poppy plant that convert sugar to morphine,
using sugar to make two opioid compounds, thebaine and hydrocodone, using engineered yeast. Biochemical engineer Christina Smolke and colleagues had been working on the problem of synthesizing opioids and other plant-based medicines in the lab for about a decade.
Top 10 Deadliest Natural disasters in History The organization is also providing people with oral rehydration salts
The rehydration salts are added to water and provide electrolytes to help people hydrate, Tidey said.
(which causes body cells to take up sugar) and leptin (which causes people to feel full after eating),
Recently, planetary scientists detected hydrated salts on these slopes at Hale crater, corroborating their original hypothesis that the streaks are formed indeed by liquid water.
we also found spectral evidence for hydrated salts on the slopes where RSL form.""Hydrated salts precipitate from liquid water,
so detecting them is a big deal especially since circumstances make it unlikely that CRISM could spot RSL water directly.
. so I think this hydrated signature of the salts is definitely a'smoking gun, '"he said.
The RSL-associated salts appear to be perchlorates, a class of chlorine-containing substances that are widespread on Mars. These salts lower the freezing point of water from 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius) to minus 94 F (minus 70 C),
Ojha said.""This property vastly increases the stability of brine salty water on Mars, "he said.
Findings show that hydrated salts are present on the surface of Mars. Hydrated salts would mean that the water on Mars is briny.
According to Popular Science, the salt in the water allows it to remain liquid at lower temperatures.
which are dissolved basically salts in a solution. The EPFL scientists exploited the liquid tunability to bring it to an ideal viscosity gradient enough to slow down DNA.
Scientists want to convert such biopolymers to free the useful sugars and release energy An earlier instrument,
"which are dissolved basically salts in a solution. The EPFL scientists exploited the liquid's tunability to bring it to an ideal viscosity gradient-enough to slow down DNA.
Like Sugar in Coffee Copper while a relatively cheap metal, is not nearly as catalytically powerful as platinum, noted Professor of Chemistry Charles Sykes, Ph d.,one of the senior authors on the paper."
"We were excited to find that the platinum metal dissolved in copper, just like sugar in hot coffee, all the way down to single atoms.
nonvolatile, liquid-salt propellant. Above the reservoir are the chips, which each have a porous substrate with about 500 pointed tips and, above that, an extractor grid with small holes.
< Back - Next >
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011