next-generation health monitoring devices such as electronic stick-on tattoos (see for instance"wearing single-walled carbon nanotube electronics on your skin",a"temporary tattoo to monitor glucose levels"or"graphene nanosensor tattoo
on teeth monitors bacteria in your mouth")."In order for these wearable sensor devices to become fully integrated into sophisticated monitoring systems,
they require wireless interfaces to external communication devices such as smartphones. This requires far-field communication systems that,
like the sensor systems, perform even under extreme deformations and during extended periods of normal daily activities."
"While the transistors used in radio frequency (RF) circuits can be made flexible and stretchable using several techniques already demonstrated, the main component of the communication circuit,
stretching, flexing and twisting hence the antenna can continuously communicate information in the Wifi frequency band
Modern computers use this principle in practically Every bit (unit of measurement for the digital information content) and the almost unbelievable increase in performance over the last decade was based on a very simple rule:
faster processors and more storage space. Standard memory devices are based on electrons which are displaced by applying voltage.
because there is not just one storage device in our computers, but several optimised ones, depending on the task."
Rapid pattern recognition and a low energy consumption in connection with enormous parallel data processing would enable revolutionary computer architectures."
"The researchers, from the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute and Konkuk University in the Republic of korea, coated cotton and polyester yarn with a nanoglue called bovine serum albumin (BSA.
as they do in computer chips. As a semimetal, graphene naturally has no bandgaps, making it a challenge for widespread industry adoption.
a DOE Office of Science User Facility located at Argonne.""We have some very unique capabilities here at the Center for Nanoscale Materials,
especially in printing highly viscous and sticky biological and polymeric materials where friction and contamination are major obstacles.
Developed by UW-Madison collaborators Zhenqiang"Jack"Ma, professor of electrical and computer engineering and research scientist Jung-Hun Seo, the high-performance phototransistor far and away exceeds all previous flexible phototransistor parameters,
Scientists and engineers from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (CQC2T), headquartered at the University of New south wales (UNSW),
and favoured by the trillion-dollar computing and microelectronics industry. Teams led by UNSW researchers have demonstrated already a unique fabrication strategy for realising atomic-scale devices
and make the processor work.""This architecture gives us the dense packing and parallel operation essential for scaling up the size of the quantum processor,"says Scientia Professor Sven Rogge, Head of the UNSW School of Physics."
"Ultimately, the structure is scalable to millions of qubits, required for a full-scale quantum processor."
"Background In classical computers, data is rendered as binary bits, which are always in one of two states:
0 or 1. However, a qubit can exist in both of these states at once, a condition known as a superposition.
A qubit operation exploits this quantum weirdness by allowing many computations to be performed in parallel (a two-qubit system performs the operation on 4 values, a three-qubit system on 8, and so on.
As a result, quantum computers will exceed far today's most powerful super computers, and offer enormous advantages for a range of complex problems,
because it explores the world of'matter computers, 'where computations (including walking) are carried out by physical objects, rather than by electronic or magnetic shuttles.
DNA walkers may eventually allow protective cells to walk the surface of organs, constantly computing whether a cancer is present."
Panels a-c used an unprimed short DNA fork, and d-e used a longer and primed DNA fork.
and the Department of Electrical and Computer engineering at Johns Hopkins. Smith designed the peptide, building on a self-assembling process developed more than a decade ago by Schneider
#Researchers create transplantation model for 3-D printed constructs Using sugar, silicone and a 3-D printer,
Bioengineering graduate student Samantha Paulsen and research technician Anderson Ta worked together to develop a proof-of-concept construct--a small silicone gel about the size of a small candy gummy bear--using 3-D printing.
Using an open-source 3-D printer that lays down individual filaments of sugar glass one layer at a time
Researchers around the world can access Professor Waterhouse's open source website to study the genomes of seven family members.
Led by Hongrui Jiang, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UW-Madison, the researchers designed lenses no larger than the head of a pin and embedded them within flexible plastic.
Led by Hongrui Jiang, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UW-Madison, the researchers designed lenses no larger than the head of a pin and embedded them within flexible plastic.
ACS) Today, lithium-ion batteries are the storage technology of choice for many applications, from electric cars to smartphones.
#Facebook M Is trained and Monitored by Humans, Facebook Reveals Facebook has entered the virtual digital assistant space with a new service for its millions of Messenger users,
known as M. Facebook M is a personal assistant that will be integrated into the main messaging app, Facebook Messenger.
Using this new digital assistant, the users of this application will be able to search for information as well as complete different tasks without the need of manually doing them.
At the moment, Facebook reveals that this service is still in its trial stages and as of now
only a few hundreds of people have access to the service. If you are a resident of the San francisco bay area,
you will be lucky to be among the first persons to enjoy this new service on Facebook Messenger.
This announcement was made public by the Vice president of Facebook messaging products David Marcus via his Facebook page.
According to him, this new M service is powered by artificial intelligence that is being trained and closely monitored by real humans.
Facebook M can complete the tasks on behalf of the userfacebook M brings something new to the virtual digital assistant space
a space that is vastly dominated by Siri from Apple and Google Now from you know where.
Facebook M can do just that. For instance, the application can be used to make purchases on your behalf,
Google Now can only manage to provide you with a list of recommended gifts that you can buy for your friend.
Facebook M will actually find the list of items, place an order and get the gift delivered to the desired person.
Facebook M will be using humans to provide users with feedbackeven though Facebook M will be relying a lot on artificial intelligence,
it was noted that this intelligence is trained and supervised by humans. The humans, known as M Trainers, will be composed of non-Facebook employees
and their work will be to ensure that users get the best responses to their queries and on time.
The inclusion of humans in Facebook M is a rather confusing feat as most companies are working to eliminate
and replace the work once done by humans and automate it. It is expected however that Facebook will hire more and more M trainers as the service expands to global users of Messenger.
M is expected to drop its dedicated reliance on humans at some point in future after the service becomes smart enough.
It is also important to note that unlike Google Now and Cortana Facebook M will not be making use of data it has collected about you over the years.
The service will only be providing feedback based on the parameters provided by the user at that given moment.
It also won be possible for the users to know whether the solution was provided by a real human or by software.
Facebook M is free of any charge and it will come integrated within Facebook Messenger g
#Whatsapp has Over 800 Million Users, 600 Million are on Android A few months ago the company Whatsapp revealed that it has at least 800 million users.
However, there is a new study that reveals some astonishing figures. Out of the over 800 million people that use this instant messaging app for messaging and voice calling services,
more than three quarters are reported to be using Android devices. This means that at least 600 million people use Whatsapp on Android.
The study was conducted by Globalwebindex (GWI), and it involved about 50,000 active internet users, with Whatsapp segment constituting around 12,606 users from 34 countries across the globe.
According to the findings, 73%of those using Whatsapp use it from Android devices while those using the iphone followed from a distance with 22%of the market share.
This means that the remaining 5%is shared among users of Windows phone, Nokia, and Blackberry devices.
Whatsapp has almost 1 billion usersin January, Whatsapp revealed that it has reached 700 million users.
A few months later on in April, the company revealed that it was sailing on a user base of more than 800 million people.
Based on this growth matrix it is true to say that Whatsapp currently has more than 900 million monthly active users,
a figure that could easily rise to 1 billion by the close of the year 2015.
Whatsapp made a record by becoming only the second non-Google app to achieve the 1 billion downloadsmark on the Google Play Store.
However, as you may have noted from the above stats, this figure does not equal the number of active users of the app.
Nevertheless, when this number of downloadsfigure is placed on the official number of active users of Whatsapp,
it is obvious that Android takes home the lion share, hence the unsurprising nature of the GWI report.
Whatsapp growth is a reflection of global smartphone updatewhatsapp keeps adding more and more users to its user base,
and this can be attributed to the continued number of smartphones in the world markets. The general number of Android smartphones in the handset market is more than any other company;
hence, the huge number of Whatsapp users on this platform. Android is an open source operating system and for sure,
it seems the door to new entrants to the platform won be closing anytime soon.
According to a recent study, there are over 24,000 unique Android manufacturers/devices, an increment of 28%from last year total.
Most of these devices are very cheap, going at $200 or less and are available in most emerging markets.
A research by the IDC revealed that Android is used on more than 78%of devices around the world
while ios only manages 18.3%.%We see the same figures with Whatsapp for Android and Whatsapp for ios respectively e
#Researchers Develop 3d printed Brain tissue The brain is amazingly complex, with around 86 billion nerve cells. The challenge for researchers to create bench-top brain tissue from
which they can learn about how the brain functions, is an extremely difficult one. Researchers at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) have taken a step closer to meeting this challenge,
by developing a 3d printed layered structure incorporating neural cells, that mimics the structure of brain tissue.
The value of bench-top brain tissue is huge. Pharmaceutical companies spend millions of dollars testing therapeutic drugs on animals
only to discover in human trials that the drug has an altogether different level of effectiveness.
Wee not sure why, but the human brain differs distinctly from that of an animal. A bench-top brain that accurately reflects actual brain tissue would be significant for researching not only the effect of drugs,
Professor Wallace said. his paves the way for the use of more sophisticated printers to create structures with much finer resolution. 3d printing of layered brain-like structures using peptide modified gellan gum substrates
The neural cell viability combined with the support of neural network formation demonstrated the cell supportive nature of the matrix.
The facile ability to form discrete cell-containing layers validates the application of this novel printing technique to form complex, layered and viable 3d cell structures.
That means language users have a global preference for more locally grouped dependent words, whenever possible. eople want words that are related to each other in a sentence to be close together,
one from Charles University in Prague, one from Google, one from the Universal Dependencies Consortium (a new group of computational linguists),
The rats were asked to choose between two identical visual shapes by pressing their nose against one of them on a touchscreen (similar to an ipad), in exchange for rewards in the form of sugar pellets.
and developers who design the software that decodes the neural signal. hat neural prosthetic devices do is communicate seamlessly to an external prosthesis,
Full open access research for mall-Molecule-Driven Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Functional Neuronsby Xiang Li, Xiaohan Zuo, Junzhan Jing, Yantao Ma,
However, these molecules can also cause collateral damage to healthy tissue around the infection site:
or site of damage in the structure of DNA, called 5-chlorocytosine (5clc) in the inflamed tissues of mice infected with the pathogen Helicobacter hepaticus.
fires hypochlorous acid at the site, damaging cytosines in the DNA of the surrounding healthy tissue.
The brain tissue here was mouse cerebral cortex. The rapid freezing method is able to prevent the water in the tissue from forming crystals,
Using brain imaging and machine learning techniques, the researchers identified a neural signature of negative emotion a single neural activation pattern distributed across the entire brain that accurately predicts how negative a person will feel after viewing unpleasant images. his means that brain imaging has the potential to accurately uncover how someone is feeling without knowing anything about them other than their brain activity,
used machine learning and statistics to develop a predictive model of emotion; and, most importantly, tested participants across multiple psychological states,
Moreover, we were able to confirm that the alternative analytical method they proposed could not reliably detect very obvious computer-generated complementary visual field pairs,
Refined data analysis of paired Matrix visual fields confirms the existence of a natural optimization of binocular visual function in severe bilateral glaucoma via interlocking fields that could only be created by CNS involvement.
and converts reath signalsinto words using pattern recognition software and an analogue-to-digital converter. A speech synthesizer then reads the words aloud.
and Dr. Kaddour Bouazza-Marouf, Reader in Mechatronics in Medicine, said the device learns from its user,
It allows the user to control how he or she wishes to communicate effectively enabling them to create their own language by varying the speed of their breathing.
Consultant Anaesthetist at Glenfield Hospital. hat we are proposing is a system that learns with the user to form an effective vocabulary that suits the person rather than the machine,
making use of the user breath to propel medicine deep into the nasal cavity. The device administers oxytocin high up into the patient nasal cavity.
As the user exhales into the device this closes the soft palate and prevents the medicine from being lost down the throat.
DARPA portfolio of neurotechnology programs includes the Restoring Active Memory (RAM) and Systems-Based Neurotechnology for Emerging Therapies (SUBNETS) programs,
mouse model of Alzheimer disease developed at the RIKEN BSI by Takaomi Saido team. After showing how Scales treatment can preserve tissue,
-based screen in which the activity of each gene under investigation was knocked down, or silenced, to examine its effects on mitochondrial calcium levels.
The researchers began with a panel of 128 different genes but after initial screening narrowed the field to just 14 candidate PTP components.
#Artificial intelligence System Solves SAT Geometry As well as 11th Graders The Allen Institute for Artificial intelligence (AI2) and University of Washington researchers have created an artificial intelligence (AI) system that can solve SAT geometry questions as well as the average American 11th-grade student, a breakthrough in AI research.
This system, called Geos, uses a combination of computer vision to interpret diagrams, natural language processing to read
and understand text and a geometric solver to achieve 49 percent accuracy on official SAT test questions.
the computer roughly achieved an SAT score of 500 (out of 800), the average test score for 2015.
Combining Text and Diagram Interpretation, was a joint effort between the UW Computer science & Engineering department and AI2.
senior research manager for Vision at AI2 and UW assistant professor of computer science and engineering, e are excited about Geos performance on real-world tasks.
Our biggest challenge was converting the question to a computer-understandable language. One needs to go beyond standard pattern-matching approaches for problems like solving geometry questions that require in depth understanding of text, diagram and reasoning.
all data sets and software are available for other researchers to use. AI2 is also building systems that can tackle science tests,
But a single optical fiber can contain several sensors; all of the sensors in each of the fingers of the CMU hand are connected with four fibers,
which detect strain by measuring shifts in the wavelength of light reflected by the optical fiber.
the device builds on decades of research by Ted Berger and relies on a new algorithm created by Dong Song,
who have collected the neural data used to construct the models and algorithms. Signals and sensory input When your brain receives sensory input,
the algorithm accurately predicted how the signals would be translated with about 90 percent accuracy. eing able to predict neural signals with the USC model suggests that it can be used to design a device to support
#Uncovering Clues About Abnormal Embryo Development with Artificial intelligence Melanoma-like cells in tadpoles may mimic variability in human responses to cancer stimuli.
in collaboration with the University of Florida, have developed a novel approach that uses artificial intelligence to illuminate cellular processes
The findings, published Oct 6 in Science Signaling online in advance of print, are believed to mark the first time artificial intelligence has been used to discover a molecular model that explains why some groups of cells deviate from normal development during embryogenesis,
and metastasis of melanoma-like cells in tadpoles as well as work applying artificial intelligence to help explain planarian regeneration.
the researchers applied a type of artificial intelligence called evolutionary computation to pinpoint the molecular mechanisms underlying earlier research in which they induced normal pigment cells in embryonic Xenopus laevis frogs to metastasize.
The recent research applied evolutionary computation to understand this complex cell behavior. Maria Lobikin, Ph d.,recent doctoral graduate from the Levin laboratory and first author on the Science Signaling paper, first identified the building blocks receptors, hormones and other signaling
Then, the team applied artificial intelligence which mimicked evolution to generate a chemical signaling network in a irtual embryothat exhibited the same behavior that the researchers observed in their experiments with real tadpoles.
evolutionary computation does not randomly or exhaustively test each possibility, but instead uses incremental improvement and selection to rapidly converge on a solution. he artificial intelligence system evolved a pathway that correctly explains all the existing and very puzzling data.
Best of all, it also made correct predictions on data it had seen never, Levin said. The knowledge gleaned about these molecular signaling pathways has implications for finding new treatments
Computation used a cluster computer awarded by Silicon Mechanics and the Campus Champion Allocation for Tufts University TG-TRA 130003 at the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment,
and represent it on a computer screen. In this article, Inserm researchers, using MRI, have succeeded in detecting natural shear waves in the brain using computational techniques borrowed from seismologists
and it is the primary site of injury in MS. What more, the scientists were able to pinpoint a specific protein in the blood, the blood-clotting factor fibrinogen,
and it is the primary site of injury in MS. Image is for illustrative purposes only. hese findings question a long-held paradigm that myelin-specific T cells initiate inflammation in the brain through activation of microglia
Researchers at Massachusetts Eye and Ear/Harvard Medical school and Boston University have shown successfully neuroprotection in a Parkinson mouse model using new techniques to deliver drugs across the naturally impenetrable blood-brain barrier.
Bensmaia said. his study gets us to the point where we can actually create real algorithms that work.
and brings us one step closer to having human-ready algorithms. l
#They are now 3d printing drugs THE Food and Drug Administration has approved the first prescription drug made through 3d printing:
a dissolvable tablet that treats seizures. Aprecia Pharmaceuticals said Monday the FDA approved its drug Spritam for adults
The tablet is manufactured through a layered process via 3d printing and dissolves when taken with liquid. The Ohio-based company says its printing system can package potent drug doses of up to 1, 000 milligrams into individual tablets.
It expects to launch Spritam in the first quarter of 2016. The FDA has approved previously medical devices including prosthetics made with 3d printing.
An agency spokeswoman confirmed the new drug is the first prescription tablet approved that uses the process.
#iphone 6s will be announced in a month The rumoured September 9 (September 10 in Australia) reveal date lines up well with Apple usual September event,
whether Apple 2015 device will be called the iphone 7 or iphone 6s most people have their money on the latter, following Apple usual device patterns.
The updates are usually more about what inside the device than outside, with no significant design change for the device expected.
battery and display technology are all going to receive big overhauls. What likely to be includedthe big advancement with the iphone 6s we are likely to see is Force Touch screen technology reports Business Insider.
Apple debuted this new type of display with the Apple Watch and new Macbook earlier this year,
where the device can detect different pressures used when touching the screen. For example, when using the Apple Watch,
you can press down with slightly more force to change the watch face. Even though it hasn been announced yet,
claiming it will be as handy as the right mouse click is on a computer. While Apple fiddling around with the screen technology,
it also expected that both models will receive a higher screen resolution for a clearer display.
It also rumoured that they will finally have a sapphire glass screen which will help keep it protected from scratches and shattering when dropped.
Apple has been putting a lot of emphasis on the iphone as a photography device, and that looking to take a step even further with the iphone 6s.
An employee of Foxconn, the Chinese manufacturing company who builds Apple iphones is claiming that the iphone 6s
and iphone 6s Plus will have 12mp rear cameras and support 4k video recording. This comes off the back of Apple acquiring a company in April
which specialises in smartphone cameras to match DSLR quality. It also lines up with reports from known Apple expert John Gruber,
who said that the iphone 6s will have he biggest camera jump ever, bringing it to DSLR quality.
In the longshot, but still possible category, we could see a cheaper iphone 6c, which will feature a plastic body like the iphone 5c but with the internal specs of the regular iphone 6
. What we won seewith Apple S cycles they never introduce radical new changes, so don expect any new screen sizes or a new design.
At best, they might introduce a new colour, but even that seems unlikely. Despite it being a favourite feature by Android users
and even featuring on the Apple Watch, it not believed that the iphone 6s will feature wireless charging,
due to the company desire to create its own wireless standard. And a price cut? Forget about it.
If anything, thanks to our Aussie dollar we could see a price increase for 2015 iphones
#iphone leak reveals new parts The video at Unbox Therapy shows what is claimed to be leaked parts of the Apple iphone 6s,
the smaller of the two new iphones that Apple is expected to unveil at a rumoured launch on September 9.
Shortly after the release of Apple first phablet, the iphone 6 Plus, some customers complained that the 5. 5-inch smartphone had a weakness in the frame that meant they bent
if you applied force in a particular way, such as sitting on it. SMARTPHONE UPGRADE: What to expect in the new Apple iphone 6sapple later admitted the problem
although it said it was xtremely rarethe Unbox Therapy video out today shows the backplate for the iphone 6s,
the smaller of the new iphones, compared with the backplate of the iphone 6. The new design is slightly bigger:
138. 2mm tall by 67. 16mm wide versus the current design of 138. 09mm by 66. 91mm.
Yet despite the slight increase in size, the new frame is 2g lighter, suggesting that Apple is using a higher grade aluminium
which it uses in the Apple Watch Sport. The key design change means that the Apple iphone 6 is stronger in its most vulnerable point.
The video today is a sign that Apple is keen not to have another Bendgate,
although it should be viewed with a few qualifications. Firstly, the leaked iphone 6 backplate might not be a final version.
Also Bendgate was only a problem with the bigger phone, and the video does not show proof that the new design is across both models of iphone P
#Google restructure easy as ABC Chief executive Larry page said the new structure will make the operation of the company leaner
and more accountablegoogle shares jumped five per cent after the restructure was announced, Fortune reported. Under the restructure plan,
Alphabet will be comprised of the core Google business including internet search, mapping and Youtube along with newer businesses that will be managed separately, such as Google Fiber, Nest and the investment arm Google Ventures.
Google CEO Page will become CEO of the new entity, with his cofounder Sergey Brin serving as president.
Longtime Google executive Sundar Pichai who has taken on increasingly important roles at the company in recent years,
will be CEO of the core Google business. Under the new structure, Page said the ewer Google is slimmed a bit down,
with the companies that are pretty far afield of our main internet products contained in Alphabet insteadalphabet will be comprised of the current efforts in life sciences such as glucose-sensing contact lens and the health research firm Calico,
he said. Page parent company will also include the drone delivery project Wing and investment arms of the California technology giant. undamentally
we believe this allows us more management scale, as we can run things independently that aren related very,
he said. THEYE WATCHING: Creepy things Google knows about youlphabet is about businesses prospering through strong leaders and independence.
In general, our model is to have a strong CEO who runs each business, with Sergey and
me in service to them as needed. lphabet Inc will replace Google Inc as the publicly traded entity,
and all shares of Google will automatically convert to shares of Alphabet, with all of the same rights,
Page said. Google will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Alphabet. The reorganisation comes amid concerns that Google dominance of the tech sector may have peaked as the landscape evolves.
Google has for years been the leader in internet search and has turned advertising linked to those searches into a highly lucrative business.
But its shares have struggled since hitting an all-time high in early 2014 and it has little to show for ventures in other areas:
self-driving cars, Google glass, internet balloons, health care, GOOGLE TV mobile payments, home automation and its Google+social network, among others.
The news has been met with much discussion on social media i
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