the researchers tested for the first time to pre-treat undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells with mitomycin C a drug already prescribed to treat cancer.
#One dollar blood test using gold nanoparticles outperforms PSA screen for prostate cancer, study suggests The simple test developed by University of Central Florida scientist Qun"Treen"Huo holds the promise of earlier detection of one of the deadliest cancers among men.
This web of biomolecules that supports and controls gene activity is known as the epigenome. The researchers say having the ability to steer the epigenome will help them explore the roles that particular promoters
so that we can alter the DNA's packaging at that specific site, "said Reddy. Gersbach and Reddy put their artificial epigenetic agent to the test by targeting a few well-studied gene promoters and enhancers.
assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at the UH Cullen College of Engineering and lead author of the paper.
Rollin used a genetic algorithm along with a series of complex mathematical expressions to analyze each step of the enzymatic process that breaks down corn stover into hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Distribution of the hydrogen to users of fuel cell vehicles is another key challenge. Rollin's model increased reaction rates by threefold, decreasing the required facility size to about the size of a gas station,
cheaper and more powerful and durable than lithium-ion batteries common in mobile phones and laptops and increasingly used in hybrid and electric cars.
and metal-free catalysts can reduce cost while improving performance,"said Liming Dai, professor of macromolecular science and engineering at Case Western Reserve University and senior author of the study."
"These batteries could be used in computers, data stations, for lighting--anyplace batteries are used now.""Dai worked with Case Western Reserve postdoctor Jintao Zhang,
or surpassed that of expensive platinum/metal oxide-based catalysts. And, it had better long-term stability.
or outperformed most previously reported metal-free catalysts, even recently developed carbon-based catalysts with metals.
Moving forward, Dai's team has begun to further optimize the process while also investigating other graphitic carbon materials co-doped with different elements for possible use in other energy and environmental technologies.
Dai's lab previously developed carbon-based catalysts that perform comparably or better than more expensive metal-based catalysts used in alkaline and acidic fuel cells and in dye-sensitized solar cells."
"Maybe it's time to push for metal-free catalysts in commercial devices, "Dai said d
#Just hit'print':'Office inkjet printer could produce simple tool to identify infectious disease, food contaminants Consumers are one step closer to benefiting from packaging that could give simple text warnings
when food is contaminated with deadly pathogens like E coli and Salmonella, and patients could soon receive real-time diagnoses of infections such as C. difficile right in their doctors'offices,
which now enable users to generate a clear, simple answer in the form of letters and symbols that appear on the test paper to indicate the presence of infection or contamination in people, food or the environment."
"researchers can now use conventional office ink jet-printers printers to print human-made DNA molecules with very high molecular weight on paper, much like printing a letter in an office.
The paper sensor emerges from the printer ready to use, like ph paper. The implications are significant,
These ultra-small antennas--the so-called'last frontier'of semiconductor design--would be a massive leap forward for wireless communications.
In addition to the implications for wireless communications the discovery could help identify the points where theories of classical electromagnetism and quantum mechanics overlap.
whether in a communications tower or a mobile phone, is to launch energy into free space in the form of electromagnetic or radio waves,
However, this theory becomes problematic when dealing with radio wave emission from a dielectric solid, a material
dielectric resonators are used already as antennas in mobile phones, for example.""In dielectric aerials, the medium has high permittivity,
meaning that the velocity of the radio wave decreases as it enters the medium, "said Dr Dhiraj Sinha, the paper's lead author."
ubiquitous computing where almost everything in our homes and offices, from toasters to thermostats, is connected to the internet.
"The scientist said the Hur-RNA binding site is like a long, narrow groove, not a well-defined pocket seen in other druggable proteins targeted by many current cancer therapies."
'--or the RNA--at a site called'ARE'on the rope. We aimed to find a small-molecule compound that makes the hand release the rope by competing with ARE of the RNA."
and involved the collaboration of chemists, cancer biologists, computer modeling experts, biochemists and biophysicists at KU--notably the labs of Xu, Jeffrey Aub in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Jon Tunge in the Department of chemistry.
Additional information about the launch is available at https://blogs. nasa. gov/spacex/2015/03/31/spacex-targeting-april-13-for-station-resupply-launch/.
Gordeliys team changed the structure by swapping specific amino acids at the site in question through targeted mutations.
UNSW Associate professor Andrea Morello from the School of Electrical engineering and Telecommunications, said his team had realised successfully a new control method for future quantum computers.
Unlike conventional computers that store data on transistors and hard drives, quantum computers encode data in the quantum states of microscopic objects called qubits.
which is affiliated with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation & Communication Technology, was first in the world to demonstrate single-atom spin qubits in silicon,
It's a bit like selecting which radio station we tune to, by turning a simple knob.
Moreover, this specific type of quantum bit can be manufactured using a similar technology to that employed for the production of everyday computers,
#Researchers test smartphones for earthquake warning The study, led by scientists at the U s. Geological Survey
and published April 10 in the inaugural volume of the new AAAS journal Science Advances, found that the sensors in smartphones
the GPS (Global positioning system) receivers in a smartphone can detect the permanent ground movement (displacement) caused by fault motion in a large earthquake.
Using crowd-sourced observations from participating users'smartphones, earthquakes could be detected and analyzed, and customized earthquake warnings could be transmitted back to users."
"Crowd-sourced alerting means that the community will benefit by data generated from the community,
The results show that crowd-sourced EEW could be achieved with only a tiny percentage of people in a given area contributing information from their smartphones.
For example, if phones from fewer than 5000 people in a large metropolitan area responded the earthquake could be detected
The authors found that the sensors in smartphones and similar devices could be used to issue earthquake warnings for earthquakes of approximately magnitude 7 or larger,
to test a pilot hybrid earthquake warning system comprising stand-alone smartphone sensors and scientific-grade sensors along the Chilean coast."
"The use of mobile phone fleets as a distributed sensor network--and the statistical insight that many imprecise instruments can contribute to the creation of more precise measurements--has broad applicability including great potential to benefit communities where there isn't an existing
and are enabling new technologies like flexible displays in mobile phone, wearable electronics, and the Internet of things (Iots).
#Smartphone-based device could provide rapid, low-cost molecular tumor diagnosis A device developed by Massachusetts General Hospital investigators may bring rapid,
the researchers describe a smartphone-based device that uses the kind of technology used to make holograms to collect detailed microscopic images for digital analysis of the molecular composition of cells and tissues."
"The device the team has developed--called the D3 (digital diffraction diagnosis) system--features an imaging module with a battery-powered LED light clipped onto a standard smartphone that records high-resolution imaging data with its camera.
The data can then be transmitted for analysis to a remote graphic-processing server via a secure,
and data transmitted to the server, the presence of specific molecules is detected by analyzing the diffraction patterns generated by the microbeads.
A numerical algorithm developed by the research team for the D3 platform is capable of distinguishing cells from beads
"By taking advantage of the increased penetration of mobile phone technology worldwide, the system should allow the prompt triaging of suspicious
and DNA markers of other disease catalysts, including infectious agents and allergens; 2) integrate the software with larger databases;
and 3) conduct clinical studies in settings such as care-delivery sites in developing countries or rural settings and for home testing with seamless sharing of information with providers and/or clinical investigators."
"The MGH has filed a patent application covering the D3 technology y
#Researchers find new gene involved in blood-forming stem cells The findings, scheduled for online publication in the Journal of Clinical Investigation April 13,
"says Chris Chang, an expert in catalysts for carbon-neutral energy conversions.""In our system, nanowires harvest solar energy and deliver electrons to bacteria,
the researchers reproduced the hyperexcitability of epileptic neurons in mouse brains in vitro. They then injected GABA,
Its implementation in the market will depend on the needs of users and the issue of new laws regarding use
"Single molecules are currently the smallest imaginable components capable of being integrated into a processor.""Scientists have succeed yet to in tailoring a molecule
A computer from a test-tube A special feature of these molecular electronics is that they take place in a fluid within a test-tube,
"Our colleagues from the HZDR theory group are computing how precisely the molecule must rotate
then computers of the future will come from test-tubes,"Dr. Erbe prophesizes. The enormous advantages of this new technology are obvious:
a multi-institutional team used a new discovery approach to identify drugs that could activate mouse
--and saw the medication prompt a similar response as seen in the mouse cells. Both medications worked well,
"We have pioneered technologies that enable us to generate both mouse and human OPCS in our laboratory,"said Fadi Najm, MBA, the first author of the study and Research Scientist in the Department of Genetics & Genome Sciences at the Case Western Reserve School of medicine."
which can be used as catalysts in biorefineries--say, in the production of biofuels--have been produced in the reactor.
Following synthesis, magnets used as catalysts can be gathered efficiently in and recycled back into the process.
#Innovation boosts Wi-fi bandwidth tenfold Researchers have invented a new technology that can increase the bandwidth of Wi-fi systems by 10 times,
It could be integrated with existing Wi-fi systems to reduce bandwidth problems in crowded locations, such as airport terminals or coffee shops,
and in homes where several people have multiple Wi-fi devices. Researchers at Oregon State university have invented a new technology that can increase the bandwidth of Wifi systems by 10 times,
using LED LIGHTS to transmit information. The technology could be integrated with existing Wifi systems to reduce bandwidth problems in crowded locations
such as airport terminals or coffee shops, and in homes where several people have multiple Wifi devices. Experts say that recent advances in LED TECHNOLOGY have made it possible to modulate the LED light more rapidly,
opening the possibility of using light for wireless transmission in a"free space optical communication system.""In addition to improving the experience for users,
the two big advantages of this system are that it uses inexpensive components, and it integrates with existing Wifi systems,
"said Thinh Nguyen, an OSU associate professor of electrical and computer engineering. Nguyen worked with Alan Wang, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering,
to build the first prototype. The prototype, called Wifo, uses LEDS that are beyond the visual spectrum for humans
and creates an invisible cone of light about one meter square in which the data can be received.
and the existing Wifi system.""I believe the Wifo system could be transformed easily into a marketable product,
Although some current Wifi systems have similar bandwidth, it has to be divided by the number of devices,
so each user might be receiving just 5 to 10 megabits per second, whereas the hybrid system could deliver 50-100 megabits to each user.
In a home where telephones, tablets, computers gaming systems, and televisions may all be connected to the internet,
increased bandwidth would eliminate problems like video streaming that stalls and buffers. The receivers are small photodiodes that cost less than a dollar each
and could be connected through a USB port for current systems, or incorporated into the next generation of laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
A provisional patent has been secured on the technology, and a paper was published in the 17th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems.
The research has been supported by the National Science Foundation n
#New gene therapy success in a rare disease of the immune system Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare congenital immune and platelet deficiency
which is linked X and has estimated an prevalence of 1/250,000. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the was expressed protein (WASP in hematopoietic cells.
The capacity for printing silicon ink onto substrates has existed for some time, but necessitated a 350 C thermal annealing step--far too hot for many of the flexible surfaces that made production appealing in the first place.
Then we annealed the layer with an excimer laser a conventional tool used for manufacturing smartphone displays.
The most immediate application of this printing capacity is in wearable electronics as it allows for the production of fast, low-power and flexible transistors at a remarkably low cost.
and isolating tooth stem cells by working on the pulp from the mouse molar. The researchers were
"By studying mouse models, we first showed this gene is essential for the survival of neurons
Further, these new metamaterials could allow integration of terahertz optoelectronics with high-speed telecommunications. DOE Office of Science, Basic energy Sciences (experiments.
In general, the electrical current which powers our telephones fridges and other electrical equipment is made up of electrons:
and mouse fibroblast cells (cells involved in wound healing) on flat graphene sheets and on wrinkled ones.
#Mass and shape of single molecules revealed The work was led by Professor John Sader at the University of Melbourne's School of Mathematics and Statistics and Professor Michael Roukes of the California Institute of technology.
"This technology is built on a new mathematical algorithm that we developed, called inertial imaging. It can be used as a diagnostic tool
#Researchers train computers to identify gene interactions in human tissues A multi-year study led by researchers from the Simons Center for Data analysis (SCDA)
also demonstrates how computer science and statistical methods may combine to aggregate and analyze very large--and stunningly diverse--genomic'big data'collections.
The team created an interactive server, the Genome-scale Integrated Analysis of Networks in Tissues, or GIANT.
GIANT allows users to explore the networks, compare how genetic circuits vary across tissues, and analyze data from genetic studies to find genes that cause disease.
The project was awarded recently PRIZE prototype funding from Austria Wirtschaftsservice (AWS. A few more preclinical trials are necessary before the artificial blood vessels can be used in humans.
#Researchers develop new computer-based vision screening test for young children Many eye disorders in young children are asymptomatic
and Strabismus (AAPOS) describes the effectiveness of a new computer-based vision-screening test, the Jaeb Visual acuity Screener (JVAS),
"In comparison to traditional vision testing methodologies, this software-based tool provides the advantage of running on any windows-based PC in a pediatrician's examination room--avoiding testing in distracting office hallways."
It uses a set testing algorithm to minimize subjective tester bias. It also uses age-specific visual acuity standards to provide a simple pass/fail result for four age groups (3, 4, 5 or 6,
could allow biomedical engineers to identify appropriate binding sites for drugs used to treat cancer and other diseases.
During each trial, participants were shown a series of five images one at a time on a computer screen. Over the course of the task, some images appeared multiple times,
#A smartphone with ultimate macro feature: DNA-scanning fluorescent microscope If you thought scanning one of those strange,
square QR codes with your phone was advanced somewhat, hold on to your seat. Researchers at the University of California, Los angeles (UCLA) have developed recently a device that can turn any smartphone into a DNA-scanning fluorescent microscope."
"A single DNA molecule, once stretched, is about two nanometers in width, "said Aydogan Ozcan, HHMI Chancellor Professor, UCLA."For perspective,
"Enter Ozcan's smartphone attachment--an external lens, thin-film interference filter, miniature dovetail stage mount for making fine alignments,
Although other smartphone-turned-microscopes can image larger scale objects such as cells, Ozcan's group's latest mobile-phone optical attachment is the first to image and size the slim strand of a single DNA molecule.
and Windows smart application running on the same smart phone. The scanned information is sent then to a remote server in Ozcan's laboratory,
which measures the length of the DNA molecules. Assuming you have a reliable data connection,
The smartphone microscope demonstrated a significant drop in accuracy for 5, 000 base-pair or shorter segments,
the authors found that NONO localizes at the sites of DNA damage where it favours the loading of other proteins which are key to this process."
has developed a system that allows people to vote by employing independent hardware devices in conjunction with their PCS.
you receive a code on the device and type it back into the computer.''The main advantage of this system is that it splits the security between the independent security device and a voter's computer or mobile device.
A computer is a hugely powerful, all-purpose machine running billions of lines of code that no one really understands,
whereas the independent security device has a much, much smaller code base and is not susceptible to viruses.'Online voting carries a strong security requirement because of the possibility of undetectable interference in an election by foreign governments, criminal gangs,
that someone may have viruses or other malware on their computer. For example, the system in Estonia, where they have introduced already online voting,
even if a hostile adversary controls the entire computing infrastructure, voters and election officials can still detect electoral fraud.
Remote Electronic Voting with Untrusted Computers',will be presented at the 28th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium in Verona, Italy, in July y
But exercise stress testing is inappropriate for diagnosis in hemodialysis patients who have multiple complications including muscle weakness, osteoporosis and peripheral arterial disease."
But exercise stress testing is inappropriate for diagnosis in hemodialysis patients who have multiple complications including muscle weakness, osteoporosis and peripheral arterial disease."
#Scientists dramatically improve method for finding common genetic alterations in tumors St jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have developed a significantly better computer tool for finding genetic alterations that play an important role in many cancers
The tool is called an algorithm CONSERTING, short for Copy Number Segmentation by Regression Tree in Next Generation Sequencing.
and sensitivity than other techniques, including four published algorithms used to recognize CNA in whole-genome sequencing data.
"CONSERTING helped us identify alterations that other algorithms missed, including previously undetected chromosomal rearrangements and copy number alterations present in a small percentage of tumor cells."
The algorithm also helped identify genetic changes that are present in a small percentage of a tumor's cells.
The software user manual and related data can be downloaded from http://www. stjuderesearch. org/site/lab/zhang.
St jude researchers have developed also a cloud version of CONSERTING and related tools that can be accessed through Amazon web services.
Instead of downloading CONSERTING, scientists can upload data for analysis. Work on CONSERTING began in 2010 shortly after the St jude Children's Research Hospital--Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project was launched.
CONSERTING combines a method of data analysis called regression tree, which is a machine learning algorithm, with next-generation,
whole-genome sequencing. Machine learning capitalizes on advances in computing to design algorithms that repeatedly and rapidly analyze large,
complex sets of data sets and unearth unexpected insights.""This combination has provided us with a powerful tool for recognizing copy number alterations,
CONSERTING software compensates for gaps and variations in sequencing data. The sequencing data is integrated with information about the chromosomal rearrangements to find CNAS
and mobile devices The researchers'new system could allow unmanned aerial vehicles to deliver packages to a specific spot on a consumer's back porch,
and allow virtual reality (VR) headsets to be used outdoors. The researchers'new centimeter-accurate GPS coupled with a smartphone camera could be used to quickly build a globally referenced 3-D map of one's surroundings that would greatly expand the radius of a VR game.
Currently, VR does not use GPS, which limits its use to indoors and usually a two-to three-foot radius."Imagine games where,
rather than sit in front of a monitor and play, you are in your backyard actually running around with other players,
Humphreys collaborated with Professor Robert W. Heath from the Department of Electrical and Computer engineering and graduate students on the new technology,
but the survey-grade antennas these systems employ are too large and costly for use in mobile devices.
The breakthrough by Humphreys and his team is a powerful and sensitive software-defined GPS RECEIVER that can extract centimeter accuracies from the inexpensive antennas found in mobile devices--such precise measurements were not previously possible.
The researchers anticipate that their software's ability to leverage low-cost antennas will reduce the overall cost of centimeter accuracy,
making it economically feasible for mobile devices. Humphreys and his team have spent six years building a specialized receiver, called GRID,
GRID currently operates outside the phone, but it will eventually run on the phone's internal processor.
To further develop this technology, Humphreys and his students recently co-founded a startup, called Radiosense.
Humphreys and his team are working with Samsung to develop a snap-on accessory that will tell smartphones, tablets and virtual reality headsets their precise position and orientation.
In vivo and in vitro studies confirmed the microparticles stimulated a strong, sustained innate immune response at local sites of tumor activity and growth--with or without any antigen loaded."
"But these vaccines have mostly not been very potent because of inefficient vaccine delivery, a poor immune response at the site of the tumor,
whose Stanford lab focuses on movement control and neural prostheses--such as artificial arms--controlled by the user's brain."
"This basic neuroscience discovery will help create neural prostheses that can withhold moving a prosthetic arm until the user is certain of their decision,
This improvement on what's called the"single trial decoder"algorithm revealed the neural signals that occurred during a momentary hesitation
"The experiments The experiments involved monkeys that were trained to reach for either of two targets on a computer screen.
while two jittering targets were positioned on either side of a computer screen. Colored barriers on the screen created a simple maze.
When the targets stopped jittering the monkeys were trained to move to one or the other target by sweeping his fingertip through the maze until he touched one of the targets.
During the experiments, 192 electrodes in each monkey's motor and premotor cortex began measuring brain activity the moment that the targets appeared on screen.
The single-trial advantage Using his single-trial decoder algorithm, Kaufman could analyze moment-by-moment brain activity during each individual decision.
"This deeper understanding of decision-making will help researchers to fine-tune the control algorithms of neural prostheses to enable people with paralysis to drive a brain-controlled prosthetic arm or guide a neurally-activated cursor on a computer screen.
X-ray computer tomography (CT) has become an important diagnostic tool in medicine. Conventional CT SCANS are very detailed
The sensor signal is wirelessly readable, for instance, by a mobile phone. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd is searching for a partner so as to commercialize the sensor.
The sensor monitors ethanol emitted from the spoilage of foods into the headspace of a package.
and the data is saved digitally in a remote server. This ethanol sensor can have potential in other applications,
The sensor layer is part of a radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag, and the sensor data can be read wirelessly using an RFID reader in for example, a smartphone.
The sensor transmits information about the freshness of the food in the package to the retailer or customer.
A similar optical readout based on the colour change of the ethanol sensor was developed also for a smartphone.
The sensor and the RFID tag can be manufactured using printing techniques into a label or sticker and be attached easily to a food package.
#Mobile phone video microscope automates detection of parasites in blood"We previously showed that mobile phones can be used for microscopy,
but this is the first device that combines the imaging technology with hardware and software automation to create a complete diagnostic solution,
"said Daniel Fletcher, associate chair and professor of bioengineering, whose UC Berkeley lab pioneered the Cellscope."
Next generation Cellscope uses video, automationfor this latest generation of the mobile phone microscope, named Cellscope Loa, the researchers paired a smartphone with a 3d printed plastic base where the sample of blood
The base includes LED LIGHTS, microcontrollers, gears, circuitry and a USB port. Control of the device is automated through an app the researchers developed for this purpose.
With a single touch of the screen by the healthcare worker, the phone communicates wirelessly via Bluetooth to controllers in the base to process
and an algorithm automatically analyzes the telltale"wriggling"motion of the worms in video captured by the phone.
The worm count is displayed then on the screen. Fletcher said previous field tests revealed that automation helped reduce the rate of human error.
starting from the time the sample is inserted to the display of the results. Pricking a finger
The short processing time allows health workers to quickly determine on site whether it is safe to administer IVM."
"The research offering a phone based app is ingenious, practical and highly needed.""Resh, who is involved not in the Cellscope project,
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