Enteric disease in pigs has turned into a huge huge problem and we're developing all kinds of new tests to address the old problems
Hesse says there are at least three viruses with similar symptoms affecting pigs two of which have entered the United states for the first time--porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and delta coronavirus.
Swine specialists and molecular diagnosticians at the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory have developed tests to detect which virus is infecting the pigs.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus has killed already an estimated 6 million pigs. The Kansas State university laboratory is one of only four in the United states with the new tests to identify these diseases.
To do this they used pig breast tissue. Surprisingly they found that even large molecules such as proteins can be transported through these openings making a wide range of medications deliverable.
Validating the modelfeedback from a proposal submitted to the National institute of health confirmed that the researchers needed to use human breast tissue to prove the feasibility of the pig model.
Pigs have on average six to seven pairs of mammary glands so the team needed at least three pairs of human breasts--at a cost of more than $700 per set-to validate the model.
Though different drug quantities are absorbed pig and human breast tissue show similar trends Perumal explains.
As a result the researchers can now use pig tissue to optimize and test various drug formulations.
and wild boar researchers found that those nests in the vicinity of feeding sites were depredated twice more.
and wild boar--the boar is also a nest predator--but also corvids rodents bears and other species of nest predators
Although avian flu strain diversity often originates in wild birds it is the mixing of viruses among poultry pigs
marine turtles fruit bats free-range pigs and chickens rather than primarily relying on growing crops for human food and animal fodder.
in addition to eating pigs and chickens settlers were also foraging for a variety of marine food
Isotopic analysis of the ancient pig bones found at the site also suggests that they were free-ranging rather than penned and given fodder from harvested crops.
and greater access to protein from sources such as tortoises pigs and chicken than women did.
when plant extracts fed to sick pigsporcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most expensive and invasive disease for pig producers on a global scale.
Though it is not occurring on every farm it is the biggest disease problem in the pig industry said a University of Illinois animal sciences researcher.
Even though many management practices have been used in the swine industry these practices cannot guarantee freedom from disease for pigs he said.
Consumer concerns about bacterial resistance to antibiotics have prompted the swine industry to seek additional methods to protect the health of pigs including special feed additives.
The researchers conducted two experiments to test the beneficial effects of adding plant extracts to pig diets to combat PRRS and E coli.
In both experiments researchers used four diets in weanling pigs including a control diet and three additional diets that included garlic botanical extracted from garlic turmeric oleoresin extracted from ginger or capsicum
In both experiments half of the pigs in each dietary treatment were challenged with either E coli
or PRRS virus while the other half of the pigs were challenged non. We've known for a long time that plant extracts also called essential oils
whether we could get a benefit from feeding those products in very low doses to pigs that were challenged with these specific diseases.
E coli is especially dangerous post-weaning as pigs adapt to new feed and new environments Pettigrew said.
The pigs in the study challenged with E coli that had been fed any of the three plant extracts had a lower frequency of diarrhea (20 percent) than the pigs fed the control diet (40 percent.
The pigs fed plant extracts were more efficient (40 percent) in feed use than the pigs fed the control diet in the E coli-challenged group
and challenged pigs fed plant extracts had sounder gut morphology compared with the challenged pigs fed the control diet.
Liu noted that even the pigs in the non-challenged group with a low frequency of mild diarrhea benefited from the plant extracts.
Because there is a relatively high diarrhea rate in post-weaning pigs as they are moved from the mom
The disease can also lead to spontaneous abortions and higher pre-weaning mortality rates in pigs. After feeding the pigs challenged with the PRRS virus the three plant extracts the researchers observed that the pigs were more efficient in week 1 (55 percent)
and week 2 (40 percent) than the pigs fed the control diet. The pigs continued eating
and gaining weight. They found this to be especially true with turmeric Liu said. When they checked blood samples from the pigs with the PRRS virus they found that the pigs fed plant extracts also had a lower blood viral load (13 percent)
and lower concentrations of inflammatory mediators than pigs fed the control diet. These observations also suggest that feeding plant extracts could suppress ongoing inflammation
and prevent secondary infections. The researchers believe the benefits resulted from the effects on the pigs'immune systems
because feeding plant extracts reduced the inflammation caused by E coli and the PRRS virus. In production animals inflammation is costly.
Inflammation reduces feed intake and it diverts nutrients away from growth to the immune system Pettigrew said
Although previous studies have looked at using plant extracts in pig diets Pettigrew said Liu's study which looked at the effects of three different extracts on two different diseases had not been done previously.
and non-challenged pigs Liu said. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences (ACES.
We now have a really clear family tree of theses viruses in all those hosts--including birds humans horses pigs
although infants might be at risk from bearded pigs and clouded leopards. In recent history their biggest predator has been man who is actually more likely to pick Orangutans off in the trees:
and wild boar and ate large quantities of sea food including seals and shellfish. With the introduction of domestic animals some 6000 years ago they quickly gave up wild foods
Problem ingredients include lactose (often extracted using bovine rennet) gelatine (sourced from cows pigs and occasionally fish) and magnesium stearate (traditionally sourced from cows pigs and sheep) although some manufacturers now use vegetarian alternatives.
Last year a campaign to vaccinate children in Scotland against influenza was halted because of concern in the Muslim community about pork gelatine within the vaccine.
The number of pig and dairy farms will decrease by roughly 40 per cent which leaves only 5400 farms that produce milk.
The small study involved gastric bypass surgery on just four pigs but is the only study of its kind and therefore unique.
The results confirm that neither weight loss nor reduced food intake are required in order for the procedure to raise the number of beta cells as the pigs had identical body weight and ate exactly the same amount of food.
The group at Lund University Diabetes Centre found that the pigs'beta cells improve their insulin secretion.
The researchers also studied tissue from the pigs'pancreas the organ where the beta cells are located something that is almost impossible to do in humans.
The reason why we have studied now pigs is that they are omnivores like us and their gastrointestinal physiology is similar to that of humans.
However we are first going to repeat the study on pigs with obesity and diabetes concludes Nils Wierup.
Researchers compared buffalo genome with other mammals'such as cattle horse panda pig and dog for discovering more genetic characteristics of water buffalo and providing guidance for its breeding and industrial transformation.
and livestock including rice maize soybean potato pigeonpea pig and sheep. BGI is continuing to make more progress for facing the challenges on food shortage
We've seen this in other species. The swine industry 15 to 20 years ago discovered pig fatigue syndrome.
It occurred about the time they started feeding beta-agonists at a very high level to pigs.
Thomson said many in the swine industry started calling these pigs NANI pigs meaning non-ambulatory non-injured.
So these pigs show up (at the packing facility) and they don't have any clinical signs of injury besides that they don't move Thomson said.
Researchers) did diagnostic tests to look at the difference between non-ambulatory pigs and pigs within the same truckload that were able to move.
They found elevated serum lactate and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels which are both indicative of depletion of muscle glucose
Regardless of beta-agonist use in feeding pigs Thomson said the swine industry went from having about a 250-lb. average out weight to a 300-lb. average out weight on market hogs.
Still the swine industry has since cut the dose of beta-agonists in feeding by about 75 percent Thomson said.
but the reason more research must be done is that like the NANI pigs the syndrome has shown up in cattle that were fed a beta-agonist
deer and â on overseas U s. military bases â animals including goats and pigs. Strikes also happen at all altitudes;
Poste offers Poste Roasts in the summer, during which outdoor rotisseries cook pigs, goats and lambs.
I ve been surprised that people really want to try things like pig cheeks liver, kidneys. They re digging it.
We've cut the cost of LED streetlights in half LEDS turn towering sow's ear into silk purse in Paris
So far they've only tested it on the toddler equivalent in pigs, who've shown increased resistance to illness after drinking the milk.
A similar group hunted wild boar in Italy, scraped reindeer lichen off rocks in Lapland, made fruitless attempts to net ducks in Japan,
THE CHEFS Albert Adria Tickets, 41ã °Experience, Barcelona, Spain April Bloomfield The Spotted Pig, New york city, USA Dan Barber Blue Hill at Stone
The chemical could be contributing to spontaneous abortions and infertility in pigs, cattle, and other livestock,
A wild boar might be fitted with a collar later too. Via WSJ, CNN. Image by whisperwolf via Flickr
Aztec"cuisine breeds gourmet taste for rare bugs"MEXICO CITY oe  Ant larva, wild boar, fly eggs, wild greens:
a downtown hideaway for pre-Hispanic cuisine in Mexico city, Chef Fortino Rojas serves plates of escamoles (ant larva), chapulines (crickets) and jabalã Â (wild boar),
Meats that are considered pre-Hispanic include venison, duck, boar, armadillo or a squirrel-like rodent called tepezcuintle.
or pig feces paving roads didn't disturb me much, but a train chugging down the track on cow fat gave me some pause yesterday.
A complete pig carcass hangs behind the meat counter, illuminated by a blue LED light, revealing a series of numbers printed on the meat's surface.
Å These numbers show the date that the pig was slaughtered, and which shipment the pig is part of, Â Zhang Bo,
a worker for Beijing based company ZHD Laser said, pointing out the marks with an LED torch.
which use lasers to burn these codes onto the pigs after they are slaughtered, part of a food safety plan launched this week by the Beijing government.
and Beijing alone will consume nearly 30,000 pigs a day over the New Year period.
Last year, more than 4 million pounds of pork were recalled by the Chinese government after pigs in central China were found to have been injected with a fat-reducing drug called Clenbuterol.
One of the codes printed onto pig skin with a laser. In response, Beijing's Government has launched the ŠMeat Reassurance  project.
As well as the codes etched onto pigs bodies with lasers, customers at sixty-seven supermarkets across Beijing will receive a printed code each time they buy pork,
which are used to record the weight of pigs before and after they leave the slaughterhouse.
and pigs that contain heart-healthy omega 3 fatty acids. In the meantime, crucial research work in the United states is now going begging overseas.
you ll find yourself looking at a wild boar, Chan said. It is a drastic lifestyle change;
Muslims, who regard pigs as unclean, don t eat pork. Fish and chicken are safe bets.
Japan to grow human organs inside pigsâ Japanese researchers are seeking less conventional methods to ensure transplant waiting list patients can receive the organs they need--by growing them inside pigs.
Professor Nagashima has been conducting experiments on pigs. Female pigs have been injected with embryos containing genetic material from two different species,
in order for the piglets to grow into chimeric animals. The animals have been modified genetically to switch off natural genes with instructions to create particular organs.
Stem cells from other animals are introduced then to replace the missing instructions with organ growth from different pig species. For example
as a modified white pig grew, so did the animal's pancreas --which is genetically a black pig's. The ultimate objective of this research is to eventually develop a method for human organs to be grown inside pigs.
Not only this, but Professor Hiro Nakauchi from Tokyo University has taken things a step further. Nakauchi wants to be able to take skin cells from human adults
and change them into ips cells that can be injected into pig embryos. IPS cells are similar to embryonic stem cells,
and can grow in to any organ in an animal's body --and so it may be possibleâ to grow genetically identical organs for humans who need a transplant inside other animals.
As pigs and humans are related only distantly, growing human organs inside the pigs is a massive step beyond current experiments.
While the team are confident the transition from black pigs and white pigs to humans can be done,
it could take up to five years--or longer. In addition, critics of chimeric research could prevent such hybrids from being legal,
and the ethics of such experiments also comes in to play. Via: BBC Photo credit:
Kraft surpasses several sustainability goalsnext time you're wondering which brand of hot dogs to grab for the summer barbecue
The negative team (animals should be on the menu) was made up of agriculture lecturer and pig farmer Fiona Chambers, animal scientist Bruce Mcgregor,
Farmer Fiona Chambers Singer's argument was counteracted by organic pig farmer Fiona Chambers, who explained that the environment was equipped well to deal with this.
a dog is a pig is a bear is a boy. Meat today is the new asbestos, more murderous than tobacco,
Neon pigs raised to lower our healthcare billsscientists from Japan are seeking ways to make medicine cheaper,
and their latest experiment involves pigs that glow when placed under black lighting. Zhenfang Wu and Zicong Li of the South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, used a technique developed by reproductive scientists at the University of Hawaii at Manoa's John A. Burns School of medicine to transfer plasmids carrying a fluorescent
protein from jellyfish DNA into the pig embryos. The plasmids are tiny DNA molecules, separate from chromosomal DNA,
The experiments resulted in ten transgenic piglets being born six of them since August, and under a black light they will glow green.
Glowing pigs might seem like an oddity rather than a valuable use of time, but the experiments herald the technique's success in future goals of introducing beneficial genes into animals
In the press materials announcing the new bottle, Conrad Mackerron, the senior program director of San francisco-based environmental foundation As You Sow
 China has been afflicted by a string of food safety scandals in recent years, from lethal baby-milk powder to fake pig-trotters.
and that the city will crack down on people who have a horse or a pig as a pet.
Horses and pigs are considered not pets under the city code. Under the new rules, a person with under 3 acres must seek special permission to have either animal.
Within the fields, two acres are set aside for rearing free-range pigs. Chicken runs are moved regularly across the bigger field
Under pressure from animal welfare groups, fast-food giant Mcdonald, major meat-processor Hormel and others recently agreed to end the use of tightly-confining pens at their suppliers pig farms.
who are phasing out confining crates for pigs, which animal welfare groups oppose. And that fundamental change
Not only is the Orgacids product being used in chicken egg farms it is used also in feed for pigs, fish, prawns and cattle in China.
whose family runs a pig farm in Yantai in Shandong said he was happy with the results yielded using Orgacids as they managed to save about 4%on the volume of feed for the pigs. oewe have reduced the use of antibiotics
%Previously, our pigs took six months to grow but now with Orgacids, the growth period has been shortened to five-and-a-half months. oehowever,
it also depended on the type of pigs and the living conditions in the pig farms,
which supplied more than 100 pigs a month to buyers in the Jiangsu province. However, he added that the results of using Orgacids on piglets were less impressive as the overuse of the acid-based product would be harmful to the piglets stomach and intestines.
Orgacids first came to China in May last year starting of with three chicken and pig farms in Shanxi recommended by China Agricultural University.
Together wih Sunzen Biotech, the university conducted a two-month test in the farms and found that the livestock had shown significant growth after using the product.
With chickens on the roof, pigs roaming the yard, and mushrooms growing in the basement, FARM:
"Cows and pigs have an efficiency rate of about 15, %which is pretty inefficient. Chickens are more efficient
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