The study found eating a diet high in tomatoes had a positive effect on the level of hormones that play a role in regulating fat and sugar metabolism.
which are rich in essential nutrients vitamins minerals and phytochemicals such as lycopene conveys significant benefits. Based on this data we believe regular consumption of at least the daily recommended servings of fruits
The longitudinal cross-over study examined the effects of both tomato-rich and soy-rich diets in a group of 70 postmenopausal women.
Consuming a diet rich in tomatoes had a larger impact on hormone levels in women who maintained a healthy weight.
Researchers originally theorized that a diet containing large amounts of soy could be part of the reason that Asian women have lower rates of breast cancer than women in the United states
which is inhaled as a vapor along with flavors like chocolate fruit candy or even tobacco. This poll shows high levels of concern about e-cigarettes and the possibility that kids who try them could start smoking tobacco says Matthew M. Davis M d. M. A p. P. director of the C
what nature dishes out said Stallard a staunch proponent of the sponge effect who is seen often wearing Sponge Bob socks.
This study shows that small dietary changes as well as increased use of statins at a population level may significantly reduce vascular mortality in the UK say the authors.
This research adds weight to calls for the increased use of drugs for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease as well as for persevering with policies aimed at improving the nutritional quality of UK diets they conclude.
It just shows how effective small changes in diet can be and that both drugs and healthier living can make a real difference in preventing heart disease and stroke.
#Importance of food as key provider of vitamins and nutrientswhile dietary supplements can help some people meet their nutrition needs eating a wide variety of nutrient-rich foods is the best way for most people to obtain the nutrients
By choosing nutrient-rich foods that provide the most nutrients per calorie you can build a healthier life and start down a path of health and wellness.
Additional nutrients from supplements can help some people meet their nutrition needs as specified by science-based nutrition standards such as the Dietary Reference Intakes Mangieri said.
Mangieri offered tips for developing a nutrient-rich eating plan:#¢#¢Start each day with a healthy breakfast that includes whole grains fat-free or low-fat dairy for calcium and Vitamin d and Vitamin c-rich foods.#¢
#¢Replace refined grains with whole grains like whole-grain breads and cereals and brown rice.#¢#¢Prewashed salad greens and pre-cut vegetables make great quick meals or snacks.#¢
#¢Eat fresh frozen or canned (without added sugar) fruit for snacks and desserts.#¢#¢Include at least two servings of omega-3 rich seafood per week.#¢
#¢Don't forget beans which are rich in fiber and folate. The recent increase in sales of supplements may not have been accompanied by an increase in consumers'knowledge about
what they are taking according to the Academy's position. Registered dietitian nutritionists have the knowledge
and experience to educate consumers on safe and appropriate selection and use of supplements Mangieri said.
while helping them develop a healthful eating plan that takes into account all of their dietary and lifestyle needs and tastes.
#A roly-poly pika gathers much moss: High-fiber salad bar may help lagomorphs survive climate changein some mountain ranges Earth's warming climate is driving rabbit relatives known as pikas to higher elevations
or wiping them out. But University of Utah biologists discovered that roly-poly pikas living in rockslides near sea level in Oregon can survive hot weather by eating more moss than any other mammal.
Our work shows pikas can eat unusual foods like moss to persist in strange environments says biology professor Denise Dearing senior author of the new study published online today in the February 2014 issue
The pikas in our study actually set a new record for moss in a mammal's diet:
The study also found the low-elevation pikas build much smaller food caches to survive the winter compared with pikas in typical high-elevation habitat she adds.
Pikas and rabbits and their gut microbes are the ultimate recycling factory Dearing says. They ingest low-quality food over and over again
Monitoring the Pika Salad Barvarner and undergraduates conducted the study on two talus slopes--each about 3. 5 acres--surrounded by a forest of Douglas fir western red cedar and bigleaf maple near the Gorge Trail near Wyeth Ore.
and Livesixty percent of the pikas'diet by dry weight came from moss at both sites with the rest from grasses lichens ferns forbs shrubs and some fir needles.
and fir needles high in phenol to preserve the food cache through the winter. Yet in both places the haypiles equaled about three ounces per animal per day of annual snowpack also showing the low-elevation pikas didn't need to prepare for winter as much because of the availability of their year-round salad bar.
Most managers realize how downstream ecosystems such as coral reefs can be affected negatively by land-based activities that cause increases in runoff and associated sediments nutrients and chemicals.
Researchers from Brigham Young University and Cornell observed three schools adjust to new school lunch standards that require a serving of fruits
and wound dressings flexible batteries made from electrically conductive paper; new drug-delivery technologies; transparent flexible displays for electronic devices;
The cellulose crystals are more difficult to break down into sugars to make liquid fuel. So let's make a product out of it building on the existing infrastructure of the pulp and paper industry.
#New global study reveals how diet and digestion in cows, chickens and pigs drives climate change hoofprintthe resources required to raise livestock
and the impacts of farm animals on environments vary dramatically depending on the animal the type of food it provides the kind of feed it consumes
and where it lives according to a new study that offers the most detailed portrait to date of livestock ecosystems in different parts of the world.
how efficiently they convert that feed into milk eggs and meat; and the amount of greenhouse gases they produce.
It also shows that pork and poultry are being produced far more efficiently than milk and beef and greenhouse gas emissions vary widely depending on the animal involved and the quality of its diet.
There's been focused a lot of research on the challenges livestock present at the global level but if the problems are global the solutions are almost all local
so that the debate over the role of livestock in our diets and our environments and the search for solutions to the challenges they present can be informed by the vastly different ways people around the world raise animals said Herrero.
By the Numbers Livestock production and diets The study breaks down livestock production into nine global regions--the more developed regions of Europe and Russia (1) North america (2) and Oceania
and the Caribbean (7) Sub-saharan africa (8) and the Middle east and North africa (9). The data reveal sharp contrasts in overall livestock production and diets.
and questions emerging from the new data relate to the amount of feed livestock consume to produce a kilo of protein something known as feed efficiency
Meat v. dairy grazing animals v. poultry and porkthe study shows that ruminant animals (cows sheep
and goats) require up to five times more feed to produce a kilo of protein in the form of meat than a kilo of protein in the form of milk.
Knowing these differences can help us define sustainable and culturally appropriate levels of consumption of milk meat and eggs.
and poultry (monogastrics) are more efficient at converting feed into protein than are cattle sheep
Globally pork produced 24 kilos of carbon per kilo of edible protein and poultry produced only 3. 7 kilos of carbon per kilo of protein--compared with anywhere from 58 to 1000 kilos of carbon per kilo of protein from ruminant meat.
The authors caution that the lower emission intensities in the pig and poultry sectors are driven largely by industrial systems
which provide high-quality balanced concentrate diets for animals of high genetic potential. But these systems also pose significant public health risks (with the transmission of zoonotic diseases from these animals to people)
and the felling of forests to grow crops for animal feed. Feed quality in the developing worldthe study shows that the quality of an animal's diet makes a major difference in both feed efficiency and emission intensity.
In arid regions of Sub-saharan africa for example where the fodder available to grazing animals is of much lower quality than that in many other regions a cow can consume up to ten times more feed--mainly in the form of rangeland grasses--to produce a kilo of protein than a cow
kept in more favourable conditions. Similarly cattle scrounging for food in the arid lands of Ethiopia Somalia
Our data allow us to see more clearly where we can work with livestock keepers to improve animal diets
so they can produce more protein with better feed while simultaneously reducing emissions said Petr Havlik a research scholar at IIASA
For example the low livestock feed efficiencies and high greenhouse gas emission intensities in Sub-saharan africa are determined largely by the fact that most animals in this region continue to subsist largely on vegetation inedible by humans especially by grazing on marginal lands
unfit for crop production and the stovers and other residues of plants left on croplands after harvesting.
The findings of the ISI-MIP are amongst the scientific publications that feed into the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working group II report on climate change impacts to be presented in March 2014.
Quality and quantity of alpine grasses and herbs ultimately affect the vitality of The swiss wildlife icon.
Previous testing confirmed he was allergic to dairy egg peanuts and tree nuts but Liam drank soy milk for months before his anaphylactic reaction.
of which will be uploaded to geographical information system for disease mapping and also feed into breeding programmes. This approach has broad application
Turning chicken feathers and plant fiber into eco-leather, bio-based circuit boardsthe Environmental protection agency has honored the University of Delaware's Richard Wool with its Presidential Green chemistry Challenge Award for his extensive
The popularity of raw milk and raw-milk products such as soft cheeses has been growing in recent years in part due to claims of health benefits.
and pasteurized milk contain equivalent levels of nutrients such as proteins carbohydrates calcium vitamins and enzymes. Claims that raw milk is associated not with lactose intolerance have not been substantiated by independent studies.
An exemption in the FDA prohibition allows cheeses that have been aged at least 60 days to be transported across state lines for sale provided the cheese is labeled clearly as unpasteurized.
and in some cases liver failure can survive in raw-milk cheese even after 60 days of aging
and the Shared University Grid at Rice (SUGAR) both administered by Rice's Ken Kennedy Institute for Information technology.
and nutrients which will increase farmer's profitability and reduce environmental impact. When you have a cut in your hand
And careful water management can stop excess water from flooding fields and leaching valuable nutrients from the soil.
In the case of heathland for example we might consider restoring some of the wood-pasture heaths
It is spread by a tiny insect called the Asian citrus psyllid that feeds on the trees leaving bacteria that starve the tree of nutrients.
so we can reliably reconstruct their ancient diets. Horse expert Raymond L. Bernor from the Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology at the Howard University college of Medicine in Washington D c. led the fossil analysis. The bones
and remain high as they return home with meat. Their research appears online in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The research Trumble
Sometimes you come back with a couple hundred pounds of meat and sometimes you come back with nothing.
All that mattered is returned that they with meat. Additionally Trumble and colleagues found that the hunters didn't have to make the kill themselves for their testosterone
and you help him bring back the meat that doesn't have any signaling value for you.
It doesn't mean you're a better hunter--all you're doing is carrying the meat back.
and cortisol when returning with any meat whether they killed it or simply participated in the process.
but overall the ability of cities to feed themselves is unlikely to keep pace with increasing population the research shows.
Current crops involved include wine and raisin grape vineyards rice alfalfa almond walnut peach lemon avocado and corn farms.
and forage-based feeds on organic dairy farms. A large body of research has shown that grass and legume forages promote cow health
Western diets typically have a ratio of about 10-to-1 to 15-to-1
The team modeled a hypothetical diet for adult women with a baseline omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 11.3
Dessert bananas are produced primarily for homegrown consumption in China and India and for export to the northern hemisphere in Latin america.
Plantains (a type of cooking banana) are important components of daily meals in Africa and Southeast asia.
They are prized highly because of their high contents of nutrients such as potassium magnesium and vitamins B and C. Apart from fungi and insects the parasitic nematode Radopholus similis is considered a major banana pest.
The wasps lay their eggs in moth caterpillars then the baby wasps grow up eating the caterpillar from the inside out until the wasps emerge from the caterpillar killing the caterpillar in the process.
We collect Highbush cranberries to make jelly. In 2012 Daust noticed a weird disease on the plants.
and had less sugar than uninfected plants'berries. He dug deep into historical records and found an interesting pattern:
what kind of dried meat people prefer to eat in the different villages. Her study shows that most people prefer to eat normal beef
if they can. But availability is limited she says. For this reason villagers kill wild animals illegally.
It can be very hard to taste the difference between dried meat from different species. One animal in particular the topi a kind of antelope is supposed to taste about the same as normal beef.
but this is by no means a safe method for identifying a species. Chickens and aquaculture Mwakatobe thinks villages close to the national park should get support to keep chickens
and other animals and should also be trained in aquaculture so that the need for bushmeat goes down.
when used as part of weanling pigs'diets. When oil is extracted from the camelina seeds using either solvent extraction
The defatted meal that is produced during this process is high in protein and may be fed to livestock
but there is very little knowledge about the nutritional value of camelina meal when fed to pigs said Hans Stein a U of I professor of animal sciences.
This lack of knowledge limits the use of camelina products in diets fed to pigs
and his team fed growing pigs diets containing one of five different camelina products. They tested camelina seeds from two different sources as well as camelina expellers from three different sources.
The digestibility of crude protein and most amino acids in two sources of camelina expellers did not differ from that of canola meal
However amino acid digestibility in two of the sources of camelina expellers was comparable to that of canola meal
which indicates that camelina expellers may be included in diets fed to pigs he explained. The camelina expellers studied were pressed cold
and feed companies evaluate camelina expellers for possible inclusion in pig diets. Stein said that the next steps for research would be to determine the digestible
and eating meat that has not been tested properly. Malama used a standard 15 MIRU-VNTR loci-method for the genotyping of M. tuberculosis
in order to control the spread of infection in the area. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Norwegian School of Veterinary Science.
#Perfect storm needed for salmonella to spread in postharvest tomatoesuniversity of Florida researchers have gained new insight into produce-associated salmonella that they hope will eventually reduce the number and severity of the illness-causing outbreaks.
It remains unclear how much each contributes to salmonella's spread but scientists say understanding the process is key to eventually curbing produce-associated outbreaks.
and peppers in addition to frozen foods containing plant products. But UF/IFAS scientists emphasize that less than 1 percent of supermarket produce contains salmonella
or undercooked meat poultry or eggs but sometimes results from eating contaminated produce. Symptoms can include abdominal pain fever nausea and vomiting.
but later said imported contaminated peppers were responsible. Growers in Florida and other states lost an estimated $100 million in sales.
He has been monitoring the spread of buff-tailed bumblebees over the last ten years. Together with this wife Regula and his colleagues from South america he has published just his work in Journal of Animal Ecology.
in order to document their rapid spread do genetic analyses and examine the parasites which accompany them as stowaways in the bumblebee intestines.
Paul Schmid-Hempel is worried about the rapid spread of the buff-tailed bumblebee in remote areas of southern South america not least
and costs of various means for reducing the nutrient load generated by Finland's agriculture.
Creating permanent plant cover on erosion-sensitive areas such as steep slopes where nutrients are leached easily is a relatively low cost means of nutrient abatement.
#Legumes in fish feed: Can anti-nutritional substances damage health? Seeds from soya peas lupins and other legumes are protein-rich feedstuffs
which are given to normal livestock during periods of rapid growth or high egg and milk production.
Salmon require overall less feed but the protein content of the feed must be maintained at a high level throughout their life cycle.
Legumes are therefore appropriate ingredients for fish feed too. They are easily available on the world market and reasonably priced.
Elvis Chikwati's doctoral research has increased our knowledge about how ingredients in feed influence intestinal functioning and health
His overall objective was to make it easier to use such ingredients in fish feed as he set out to find the answer to three questions:
when they are given feed containing soya? The answer is that after changing to a feed with soya the way the intestines function changes very quickly.
The very first change that occurred during the first two days was that the fish ate less probably
because they did not like the new feed. But after five days enteritis could clearly be seen in the microscope.
and is affected this process by temperature and by soya in feed? The answer is that the maturation of intestinal cells
The maturation of intestinal cells was delayed in fish that were given soya in their feed. The cells never reached full maturity.
and maize gluten meal they did not cause inflammation but tended to reduce the fish's utilization of nutrients in the feed.
Chikwati's studies show that other anti-nutritional agents from soya i e. lectin and trypsin inhibitor also affect the function of the intestines
and the way they adapt to new ingredients in feed. It also throws light on how diet-induced enteritis develops
and how specific anti-nutritional substances affect the functioning and health of the intestines. This knowledge will help us to reach our aim of increasing salmon production
Master of Aquatic Medicine Elvis Chikwati defended his doctoral research on 3rd december 2013 at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science (NVH) with a thesis entitled Diet-induced physiological and pathophysiological responses
The inability of most copper films to survive this stage of graphene growth has been one problem preventing wafer-scale production of graphene devices Keller said.
First they deposited copper onto a sapphire wafer held slightly above room temperature. Second they added the transformative step of annealing
An overabundance of grapes in those iguanas'diets could also explain the excessive diarrhea observed during the study.
which may indicate the introduction of meat to their diet. Similarly the higher uric acid levels in male and female iguanas could be the result of animal protein such as ground beef being fed to iguanas by tourists.
Furthermore food provisioning by tourists on beaches has encouraged the iguanas to spend disproportionate amounts of time foraging in the area rather than further in the island resulting in higher levels of marine life being ingested.
or sell such pellets to their clients which would provide a more nutritionally balanced diet and reduce non-selective ingestion of sand on wet fruit.
and diversity of fruits that they eat as well as the overall contribution of fruit to their diets.
We found that the diet of medium-sized primates is most likely to be dominated by fruits.
Meanwhile smaller primates which have high metabolic requirements eat more insects as they provide a high-quality source of nutrients and calories.
Another surprise was that primates with higher prevalence of fruit in their diets were historically among the most poorly studied meaning we still have a lot to learn about their importance as consumers and seed dispersers.
The wasp's ovipositor the organ through which it lays its eggs looks a lot like those of present-day wasps that lay their eggs in figs.
when it comes to choosing the best site for egg-laying. Using behavioural assays researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena Germany
In nature laying eggs on oranges is advantageous because parasitoid wasps feeding on the larvae of Drosophila avoid citrus fruits.
For egg-laying insects selecting the best site to lay eggs is crucial for the survival of the eggs and larvae.
Once the eggs have been deposited the maternal care of the female flies ends: eggs and larvae are henceforth at the mercy of their environment;
their range is limited usually. Suitable and sufficient food sources for the hungry larvae and protection against predators and parasites are important selection criteria for the best oviposition substrates.
First Marcus Stensmyr Bill Hansson and their colleagues in the Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology tested the preferred egg-laying substrates of fruit flies by letting insects select among different ripe fruits.
An analysis of the behavioural assays showed that female flies preferred to lay their eggs on oranges.
It is fascinating that a complex behaviour such as choosing an egg-laying site can be broken down into multiple subroutines that have such a simple genetic basis says Marcus Stensmyr.#
#oewe were surprised quite that by silencing just this single odorant receptor flies could no longer localize their preferred egg-laying substrate.#
#In nature a considerable proportion of Drosophila larvae are killed by enemies mainly parasitoid wasps that lay their eggs inside the larvae.
However the expected long-term and larger market for Miscanthus is in digesting the celluloses in the biomass to sugars for fermentation to ethanol
In the autumn and winter the nutrients drain out of the stems and leaves and are retained in the roots stimulating new growth the following spring.
The recycling of nutrients is not 100 percent efficient however and the team wanted to know
and nutrients help to regulate their body temperatures during cold or hot weather and provide refuge from encroaching human activities like deforestation she said The remarkable thing about our study was that over a six-year period the same troops of ring-tailed lemurs used the same sleeping caves on a regular daily basis
The spotted wing drosophila a native of Asia that was detected first in the United states in 2008 is wreaking economic havoc on crops such as blueberries cherries blackberries and raspberries.
This fly lays its eggs inside the ripe or ripening fruit and the developing larvae feed on the soft fruit crippling crop yields.
The spotted wing drosophila is a vinegar fly about 1/16 to 1/8 inch long with red eyes pale brown thorax and a black-striped abdomen.
The males have a distinguishing black spot toward the tip of each wing. Females have no spots
but have a prominent saw-like ovipositor for drilling fruit to lay their eggs. Chiu teamed with scientists at UC Davis Oregon State university the China National Gene Bank
and the American Museum of Natural history as part of a $5. 8 million project on the biology and management of spotted wing drosophila funded by a U s. Department of agriculture Specialty Crops Research Initiative grant
#Culling vampire bats to stem rabies in Latin america can backfireculling vampire bat colonies to stem the transmission of rabies in Latin america does little to slow the spread of the virus
and can in some cases actually increase its spread by driving infected bats into neighboring colonies.
An enzyme in the saliva prevents clotting as the bat feeds and a specialized groove in the tongue keeps blood flowing without the need for sucking
and you're despairing at the incoming tide of buffets cookie exchanges family meals toasts
Tables are filled with homemade cookies gingerbread hot apple cider Swedish meatballs and savory appetizers that are irresistible.
But resist you must says Amy Moore Ph d. assistant professor of nutrition and dietetics at Saint louis University who shares strategies to control your holiday eating.
If Aunt Helen's delectable Christmas Buche de Noel chocolate dessert beckons enjoy a slice
but pass on the brownies or soda. Allow yourself to indulge just choose where you want to spend your calories.
If you know you are going to a party in the evening eat a healthy breakfast and lunch.
Bring something healthy to potlucks so at least you can count on one healthy option being offered. Fruit--pomegranates clementine oranges and cranberries--are terrific holiday dishes
because they are pretty festive and best of all easy. Conversation is calorie-free. Once you've taken a plate of food at a holiday gathering step away from the table.
Find a comfy space where you can talk to others at the party. The focus of the holiday is family faith and friendship.
Instead of drinking lemonade or soda with a meal choose water. Because drinking water fills you up it is a favorite dieter's trick Moore says.
but it is not license to add massively to your diet. So suppose you splurged
and ate a 350 calorie pastry on top of your normal daily calories. If you want to burn off all of the excess you'll need nearly an hour of intense exercise.
and neighbors drop off canned goods at a food pantry check out an exhibit at a museum or build a snowman.
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