The spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria has been associated with the hospital setting but these findings suggest that transmission of drug-resistant E coli occurs both in the hospital
and 144 from private households) after preparation of various meats (i e. poultry beef/veal pork lamb game
The researchers found that none of the cutting boards used in preparing beef/veal pork lamb game
They also found that the meat's country of origin did not play a factor in the presence of bacteria on any of the surfaces.
or your gums and throat itch says Joseph Leija MD allergist who performs the Gottlieb Allergy Count the official allergy count for the Midwest.
or displace animal protein as well as bad fats such as trans fat in a dish or meal.
We have a lot of room in our diets for increasing our pulse intake to derive the cardiovascular benefits Dr. Sievenpiper said.
because their diets are poorer and cholesterol levels are higher and benefit more markedly from a healthier diet.
Some study participants reported stomach upset such as bloating gas diarrhea or constipation but these symptoms subsided over the course of the study.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by St michael's Hospital. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Wheat in particular provides nearly one-fourth of all protein in the global human diet. Many previous laboratory studies had demonstrated that elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide inhibited nitrate assimilation in the leaves of grain and non-legume plants;
study showswildlife fences are constructed for a variety of reasons including to prevent the spread of diseases protect wildlife from poachers
and standardized approaches to meat preparation can prevent spread of diseases without the need to separate cattle from wildlife by fencing.
or using water and nutrients liberally to the detriment of neighboring plants. However in an agricultural setting the plants don't need such competitive measures.
and conserve water and nutrients so we have been looking at what leaf arrangements would best do this.
According to Long The Food and agriculture organization of the united nations predict that by 2050 we will need 70 percent more primary foodstuffs to feed the world than we are producing today
and US Forest Service in the Ecological Society of America's journal Ecosphere last week but outlier project sites with good grouse habitat may yield clues to successful management scenarios.
FWS must decide on the grouse's protection status by the end of FY 2015.
and limiting the spread of nonnative species. Accomplishing those goals certainly wouldn't hurt sage grouse
if ESR treatments had improved conditions for grouse in these vast burned areas. The average ESR project encompasses 4 square miles.
The study and another tracking the recovery of mountain big sagebrush (A. tridentata subsp. vaseyana) at high elevation suggest that climate may play a role in the failure of big sage germination and establishment in hotter locations.
Participants also had to refrain from taking any medication for blood pressure or making any significant changes in their lifestyle particularly related to diet and exercise during the study.
(and possibly flavoring) and a heater that vaporizes the nicotine to be inhaled by the user.
or vaporizer pens for individuals who vaporize other substances such as herbs marijuana marijuana oils and hashish waxes.
The safety of many of the inhaled flavorings in the e-cigarette liquid is known also not;
heating these flavorings could create new chemicals and byproducts. We don't know how safe it is to breathe second hand vapor.
The potential health benefits of dark chocolate keep piling up and scientists are now homing in on
what ingredients in chocolate might help prevent obesity as well as type-2 diabetes. They found that one particular type of antioxidant in cocoa prevented laboratory mice from gaining excess weight
Andrew P. Neilson and colleagues explain that cocoa the basic ingredient of chocolate is one of the most flavanol-rich foods around.
The scientists fed groups of mice different diets including high-fat and low-fat diets and high-fat diets supplemented with different kinds of flavanols.
They found that adding one particular set of these compounds known as oligomeric procyanidins (PCS) to the food made the biggest difference in keeping the mice's weight down
if they were on high-fat diets. They also improved glucose tolerance which could potentially help prevent type-2 diabetes.
#First peanut genome sequencedthe International Peanut Genome Initiative--a group of multinational crop geneticists who have been working in tandem for the last several years--has sequenced successfully the peanut's genome.
Scott Jackson director of the University of Georgia Center for Applied Genetic Technologies in the College of Agricultural and Environmental sciences serves as chair of the International Peanut Genome Initiative or IPGI.
The new peanut genome sequence will be available to researchers and plant breeders across the globe to aid in the breeding of more productive and more resilient peanut varieties.
Peanut known scientifically as Arachis hypogaea and also called groundnut is important both commercially and nutritionally.
While the oil-and protein-rich legume is seen as a cash crop in the developed world it remains a valuable sustenance crop in developing nations.
The peanut crop is important in the United states but it's very important for developing nations as well Jackson said.
Globally farmers tend about 24 million hectares of peanuts each year and produce about 40 million metric tons.
Improving peanut varieties to be more drought-insect -and disease-resistant can help farmers in developed nations produce more peanuts with fewer pesticides
and other chemicals and help farmers in developing nations feed their families and build more secure livelihoods said plant geneticist Rajeev Varshney of the International Crops Research Institute for Semiarid Tropics in India who serves on the IPGI.
While peanuts were bred successfully for intensive cultivation for thousands of years relatively little was known about the legume's genetic structure because of its complexity according to Peggy Ozias-Akins a plant geneticist on the UGA Tifton campus who also works with the IPGI
Until now we've bred peanuts relatively blindly as compared to other crops said IPGI plant geneticist David Bertioli of the Universidade de Brasã lia.
The peanut in fields today is the result of a natural cross between two wild species Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis
Because its ancestors were two different species today's peanut is a polyploid meaning the species can carry two separate genomes designated A and B subgenomes.
To map the peanut's structure researchers sequenced the genomes of the two ancestral parents
because together they represent the cultivated peanut. The sequences provide researchers access to 96 percent of all peanut genes in their genomic context providing the molecular map needed to more quickly breed drought-and disease-resistant lower-input and higher-yielding
varieties of peanuts. The two ancestor wild species had been collected in nature conserved in germplasm banks
and then used by the IPGI to better understand the peanut genome. The genomes of the two ancestor species provide excellent models for the genome of the cultivated peanut.
A. duranenis serves as a model for the A subgenome of the cultivated peanut while A. ipaensis represents the B subgenome.
Knowing the genome sequences of the two parent species will allow researchers to recognize the cultivated peanut's genomic structure by differentiating between the two subgenomes present in the plants.
Being able to see the two separate structural elements also will aid future gene marker development-the determination of links between a gene's presence and a physical characteristic of the plant.
Understanding the structure of the peanut's genome will lay the groundwork for new varieties with traits like added disease resistance and drought tolerance.
In addition these genome sequences will serve as a guide for the assembly of the cultivated peanut genome that will help to decipher genomic changes that led to peanut domestication which was marked by increases in seed number and size.
/The International Peanut Genome Initiative brings together scientists from the U s. China Brazil India and Israel to delineate peanut genome sequences characterize the genetic and phenotypic variation in cultivated
and at the University of California Davis. The project was funded by the peanut industry through the Peanut Foundation and by MARS Inc. and three Chinese academies (Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural
A complete list of the institutions involved with the project and the other funding sources is available at www. peanutbioscience. com. In the U s. peanuts are a major row crop throughout the South and Southeast.
While they are a major economic driver for the U s. economy the legume is also crucial to the diets and livelihoods of millions of small farmers in Asia and Africa many of
While the sequencing of the peanut can be seen as a great leap forward in plant genetics
and genomics it also has the potential to be a large step forward for stabilizing agriculture in developing countries said Dave Hoisington program director for the U s. Agency for International Development Feed the Future Peanut
With the release of the peanut genome sequence researchers will now have much better tools available to accelerate the development of new peanut varieties with improved yields
Participants were shown randomly one of two versions of the box in one version the rabbit was looking straight at the viewer
and in the other the rabbit looked down. Findings show that brand trust was 16%higher
when the rabbit made eye contact. Furthermore participants indicated liking Trix better compared to another cereal
when the rabbit made eye contact. This finding shows that cereal box spokes-characters that make eye contact may increase positive feelings towards the product
000 yearscharred grains of barley millet and wheat deposited nearly 5000 years ago at campsites in the high plains of Kazakhstan show that nomadic sheepherders played a surprisingly important role in the early spread of domesticated
Bread wheat cultivated at least 6000 years ago in Southwest asia was absent in China before 2500 B c
Finding this diverse crop assemblage at Tasbas and Begash illustrates first evidence for the westward spread of East Asian
According to the researchers particles in fine clay-like soil seem to have a larger surface area to bind nutrients and water.
In contrast sandy soils have larger particles with less surface area retaining fewer nutrients and less organic matter.
If you disrupt the community in a sandy soil all of the nutrients the microbes rely on for food are leached away:
and the nutrients remain trapped tightly in the muddy clay. The researchers also examined how the effects of deforestation on microbial biodiversity change over time.
Contrary to their expectations they found no correlation even over the course of 200 years. The effects are consistent no matter how long ago deforestation happened Crowther said.
and the nutrients are retained for long periods of time and the community doesn't change.
In an era of climate change pollution and the global spread of pathogens these new grains must also be able to handle stress.
#Patients with gluten intolerance: New therapies possibleresearchers at Mcmaster University have discovered a key molecule that could lead to new therapies for people with celiac disease an often painful and currently untreatable autoimmune disorder.
Celiac disease is a food sensitivity to dietary gluten contained in cereals. In people who are predisposed genetically gluten containing food will trigger an immune response that leads to destruction of the intestinal lining abdominal pain changes in bowel habits malnutrition
and many other symptoms that include anemia and neurological problems. People with this disease cannot eat food containing wheat rye or barley
which is a main source of protein intake in the western diet. Researchers in the Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute at Mcmaster University have discovered that a molecule elafin
When people with celiac disease eat food containing gluten the digestive enzymes cannot digest it and left over peptides from digestion induce inflammation.
This inflammation is amplified further by an enzyme called tissue transglutaminase 2. An intriguing finding of the research say scientists was that elafin by interacting with the transglutaminase 2 enzyme decreased the enzymatic reaction that increases the toxicity of peptides derived from gluten.
In studies with mice the researchers found that the administration of the elafin molecule protects the intestinal lining of the upper gut that is damaged by gluten.
Following a gluten-free diet is very difficult because gluten is used not only in the food industry
but in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as a common low cost filler. â#oepeople who have to strictly avoid gluten for life often find this very difficult due to these hidden sourcesâ#said Elena Verdu associate professor of Medicine in the Michael G. Degroote
School of medicine. â#oethere is need a great for a therapy that will protect patients with celiac disease from these accidental contaminations. â#Verdu says the results raise the possibility of elafin administration
or replacement as a new adjuvant therapy to the gluten free diet. â#oethis would add flexibility to a restrictive lifelong diet
Recently gluten intolerance has been reported in patients who do not have celiac disease (non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
%Salad contributed to a 13%risk reduction per portion and each portion of fresh fruit was associated with a smaller but still significant 4%reduction.
Most canned fruit contains high sugar levels and cheaper varieties are packed in syrup rather than fruit juice explains Dr Oyebode.
The negative health impacts of the sugar may well outweigh any benefits. Another possibility is that there are confounding factors that we could not control for such as poor access to fresh groceries among people who have preexisting health conditions hectic lifestyles
or who live in deprived areas.**Note: 13. 0m tons of canned fruit and vegetables were sold in the EU in 2008 compared to 3. 7m for frozen fruit and vegetables.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University college London. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Fast food giants ads for healthier kids meals dont send the right messagefast food giants attempts at depicting healthier kids'meals frequently goes unnoticed by children ages 3 to 7
In 2010 Mcdonald's and Burger king began to advertise apples and milk in kids meals. Sargent and his colleagues studied fast food television ads aimed at children from July 2010 through June 2011.
In this study researchers extracted freeze frames of Kids Meals shown in TV ads that appeared on Cartoon Network Nickelodeon and other children's cable networks.
but the drying will spread to 30 percent of land if higher evaporation rates from the added energy and humidity in the atmosphere is considered.
They usually have access to abundant nutrients and are irrigated. The Corn belt for example receives water from the Mississippi river.
#Meeting climate targets may require reducing meat, dairy consumptiongreenhouse gas emissions from food production may threaten the UN climate target of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius according to research at Chalmers University of Technology Sweden.
Emissions from agriculture threaten to keep increasing as global meat and dairy consumption increases. If agricultural emissions are addressed not nitrous oxide from fields
We have shown that reducing meat and dairy consumption is key to bringing agricultural climate pollution down to safe levels says Fredrik Hedenus one of the study authors.
Broad dietary change can take a long time. We should already be thinking about how we can make our food more climate friendly.
Diets high in meat milk cheese and other food associated with high emissions are expected to become more common.
or technology these growing numbers of people eating more meat and dairy entail increasing amounts of climate pollution from the food sector.
These emissions can be reduced with efficiency gains in meat and dairy production as well as with the aid of new technology says co-author Stefan Wirsenius.
if meat and dairy consumption continue to grow. Beef and lamb account for the largest agricultural emissions relative to the energy they provide.
By 2050 estimates indicate that beef and lamb will account for half of all agricultural greenhouse gas emissions while only contributing 3 percent of human calorie intake.
Cheese and other dairy products will account for about one quarter of total agricultural climate pollution. Story Source:
The above story is provided based on materials by Chalmers University of Technology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
#Health costs of air pollution from agriculture clarifiedammonia pollution from agricultural sources poses larger health costs than previously estimated according to NASA-funded research.
Decker also said that cattle breeding is important for animal farmers looking to maximize their herds'meat and dairy production.
whether that is through breeding more disease-resistant animals or finding ways to increase dairy or beef production.
because lifestyle behaviors such as a heart healthy diet are the foundation of cardiovascular prevention and we need to know what dietary components are said most important Michael D. Miedema M d. M p h. a cardiologist at the Minneapolis Heart Institute and the lead investigator of the study.
and that process can be slowed down with a healthy diet at a young age Miedema said.
In their analysis researchers controlled for smoking exercise consumption of red meat sugar-sweetened beverages and other dietary and cardiovascular risk factors that correlate with atherosclerosis.
Participants with extreme high or low caloric intake/day or those missing CAC scores were excluded from the analysis. The current findings are in line with the 2011 U s. Department of agriculture Dietary Guidelines that advise Americans to fill half of their plates
with colorful fruits and vegetables at each meal or snack. Based on these recommendations adults who consume a 2000-calorie a day diet should be consuming 2. 5 cups of vegetables and two cups of fruit a day--a big jump from
what the average American usually gets from their diet according to government figures. Fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins minerals fiber antioxidants
and other things that are known to promote good health. Plant-based diets in general have also been linked to greater longevity less cancer lower cholesterol lower blood pressure
and healthier body weight Miedema emphasized that more studies are needed to further define the relationship between fruits vegetables
However excessive consumption of sugars (simple carbohydrates) can cause life-style-related diseases such as obesity and diabetes.
of lipid accumulation in the liver. Despite its great promise when researchers planted the original strain of resistant-starch rice in Okinawa the yield per hectare was about half that achieved in mainland Japan.
although proper nutrient and water management appear to slow tree decline in some situations. A bacterium called Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLAS) vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid is presumed the causal agent of the disease.
and metastasis. It gives opportunity to include in the diet an additional tool to prevent
but to see how that feeds back into the global climate system. The data are published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
%Nome Census Area AK 35.8%Buffalo County SD 35.4%Knox County KY 34.7%Shannon County SD 34.1%Elliott County KY
but can contaminate beef unpasteurized milk soft cheeses made from raw milk and raw fruits and vegetables that haven't been washed properly The most recent outbreak of meat-traced E coli was in 2010 according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
That year 21 people in 16 states fell ill from the pathogen including one in Florida the agency reported.
eggs and chicks are at risk of getting cold. The result is that by the end of the breeding season the adult birds are exhausted.
#Pathogens in cheese: Case study on Austrian curd cheeseif food products are produced not in a hygienic environment consumers can face the threat of dangerous pathogens.
when two different strains of Listeria monocytogenes were found in the traditional Austrian curd cheese known as Quargel. 34 people were infected
and soft cheeses smoked fish raw meat and ready-to-eat products. In Austria health care providers are required to report all cases of listeriosis which can be fatal particularly for patients with weakened immune systems.
The first contamination event from June 2009 to January 2010 was attributed to one L. monocytogenes strain very effective at infecting epithelial cells of the intestine and liver cells.
It is absolutely essential that appropriate disinfectants are used properly lots of salt and that possible food for the bacteria be limited.
Therefore experts recommend pregnant women to avoid raw milk raw meat and raw fish products. Story Source:
and the importance of folate in their diet especially those who are planning a pregnancy Dr Borradale said.
Folic acid is added also to many foods such as breads flours and pastas. Folic acid can also be taken as a pill.
#Diet of elusive red widow spider revealed by biologistbeetles: it's what's for breakfast--at least for the red widow spider of Florida's scrub habitat according to a study by University of Missouri biologist James Carrel.
The study provides a first glimpse at the diet of this mysterious spider revealing that it primarily preys upon species of scarab beetles common to the scrub habitat.
Carrel's findings shed light on red widow spiders'restriction to the Florida scrub habitat and the need for habitat conservation efforts.
The researchers discovered that ancient clam gardens made by Aboriginal people produced quadruple the number of butter clams and twice the number of littleneck clams as unmodified clam beaches.
It was brought to the United states--Long island N y. specifically--in the 1860s for use as a kitchen herb.
and biostatistics at Johns hopkins university one of the directors of the loblolly genome assembly team who was also an author on the papers.
This will enable the loblolly to serve as a high-quality reference genome that considerably speeds along future conifer genome projects.
The loblolly genome data have also been freely available throughout the project with public releases starting back in June 2012.
The new sequence confirmed that the loblolly genome is so large because it is crammed full of invasive DNA elements that copied themselves around the genome.
The loblolly genome project was led by a team at the University of California Davis and the assembly stages were led by Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland.
and Thomas Zentall of the University of Kentucky in the US who tested the principle by feeding baby carrots and string cheese to ten dogs of various breeds.
The research was conducted on dogs that would willingly eat cheese and baby carrots when offered
but showed a preference for the cheese. However when given a choice between one slice of cheese
or the cheese together with a piece of carrot nine of the ten dogs chose the cheese alone.
That is they chose less food over more food. The less is more effect is considered an affect heuristic
It appears that the dogs averaged the quality of the cheese plus carrot rather than sum up the quantity of food.
Such heuristics may also help prey in the wild to make rapid decisions rather than become supper.
But the fact that one in ten dogs did choose the cheese -and-carrot combination suggests that levels of motivation may play a role in this effect.
The two most popular brands among the tasters were the ones with the most dissolved salts
So it was dissolved the salts in the vodka that affected the people's taste buds said Stephens. Besides conductivity (which was a test the researchers used to detect the salts) the team checked the color acidity cost and density of the vodkas.
According to Mousseau slower decomposition is likely to indirectly slow plant growth too given that the products of decomposition are nutrients for new plants.
The results also show the potential for further spread of radioactivity. There's been growing concern by many different groups of the potential for catastrophic forest fires to sweep through this part of the world
Benefits included increased carbon and nitrogen in soils erosion prevention more mycorrhizal colonization--beneficial soil fungus that helps plants absorb nutrients--and weed suppression.
study suggestsecologists at Plymouth University in a study published this week have shown the most common species of bumblebee are not fussy about a plant's origin when searching for nectar and pollen among the nation's urban gardens.
In susceptible varieties the fungus kills the infected cells in the head thereby plugging the transport of water and nutrients to the upper part of the head.
The study also enabled to analyse some causes that could explain species response for instance dietary and mobility patterns.
#Precise reason for health benefits of dark chocolate: Thank hungry gut microbesthe health benefits of eating dark chocolate have been extolled for centuries
but the exact reason has remained a mystery--until now. Researchers have reported just that certain bacteria in the stomach gobble the chocolate
and ferment it into anti-inflammatory compounds that are good for the heart. Their findings were unveiled at the 247th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS.
The good microbes such as Bifidobacterium and lactic acid bacteria feast on chocolate she said. When you eat dark chocolate they grow
and ferment it producing compounds that are anti-inflammatory. The other bacteria in the gut are associated with inflammation
He said that this study is the first to look at the effects of dark chocolate on the various types of bacteria in the stomach.
He explained that cocoa powder an ingredient in chocolate contains several polyphenolic or antioxidant compounds such as catechin and epicatechin and a small amount of dietary fiber.
Prebiotics are carbohydrates found in foods like raw garlic and cooked whole wheat flour that humans can't digest
but that good bacteria like to eat. This food for your gut's helpful inhabitants also comes in dietary supplements.
when dark chocolate is combined with solid fruits like pomegranates and acai. Looking to the future he said that the next step would be for industry to do just that.
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