If the antibiotic is on the FDA s list of drugs that are used related to drugs to fight infections in people including everything from bronchitis to urinary tract infections to Lyme disease to infections after surgeries then the agency is asking companies to stop their use for fattening up pigs chickens
You just shouldn't feed that raw to a baby the study's leader Sarah Keim of the Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus told Reuters. At least the researchers found none of the samples had HIV.
if there ever is another global plague. a real one not the BS swine flu) Engineers are scientists too btw.
Think applied physics. Also the use of the scientific method isn't reserved exclusively to scientists.
I was on my death bed Mar 18th 2008 an Infectious disease Doc decided to listen to me
News of her hire comes less than a week after the end of an outbreak of measles in Wales precipitated by the low measles vaccination rates there that sickened more than 1200
and pertussis which is commonly known as whooping cough. No one has gotten polio from the newer polio vaccine.
Before the 1990s kids in the U s. got a pertussis vaccine with severe potential side effects ranging from fever to fainting fits.
U s. doctors now use a new pertussis vaccine with milder side effects. Of course it's up to everyone to decide individually
Among children who contract measles one in 1000 get encephalitis an acute brain infection and one or two in 1000 die.
In 2011 among the 18000 Americans who got whooping cough that year more than 1 in 2000 died all of them babies.
States with lenient policies about immunization exemptions had 90 percent more whooping cough cases than stricter states.
Nevertheless thimerosal no longer appears in any vaccines except influenza because an infant receiving the recommended schedule of old vaccines would get a higher-than-recommended dose of mercury
The measles vaccine for example is more than 95 percent effective very good but not perfect. Where kids aren't vaccinated more people get sick.
In 2011 the states with lenient policies about immunization exemptions had 90 percent more whooping cough cases than stricter states according to the Institute of Medicine.
My girlfriend stopped breathing when she got the pertussis vaccine as child so she is unvaccinated still for that.
I once contracted mumps while traveling abroad. Sincei was vaccinated by the time I noticed I had mumps they were beginning to go away.
I am totally for vaccines where allergies allow I don't feel that calling these activist parents crazies will at all help the situation.
Note the insistence of only discussing polio and pertussis. No article defending vaccines covers any others than these!
and pertussis vaccines have many severe side effects until the 1980's? Few if any. Because âÂ#Âoescienceã¢Â# tends to overplay even fabricate successes and downplay failures!
and died from entirely preventable diseases like smallpox measles and whooping cough. And by not getting vaccinated you aren't just putting your child at risk.
A real outbreak of polio or smallpox or something that will actually kill your face would probably have all of these sitting at home self proclaimed biology experts who without any real education speculate that hey I think personally that vaccines probably messes with our immune system
BLACK DEATH COMET AFTER PASSING THROUGH ITS LONG TAIL OF (COMET NEGRA) 1014ad VERY LARGE TIDAL WAVES THE LARGEST EVER RECORDED FROM IMPACTS ALL OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN AFTER PASSING THROUGH ITS LONG TAIL.
THREATEN ANTHRAX OF GENERAL GULF OF TONKIN OF COLIN POWELL AND JOHN KERRY CON'S!
THREATEN ANTHRAX OF GENERAL GULF OF TONKIN OF COLIN POWELL AND JOHN KERRY CON'S!
THREATEN ANTHRAX OF GENERAL GULF OF TONKIN OF COLIN POWELL AND JOHN KERRY CON'S!
THREATEN ANTHRAX OF GENERAL GULF OF TONKIN OF COLIN POWELL AND JOHN KERRY CON'S!
Magicicada is a plague unlike any other here in the northeast. And it is a plague with a reason:
emerging in absurd over-the-top biblical numbers is the cicada's bizarre--but effective--means of survival.
The writers didn't seem to be any good at math anyway. biblical numbers a slight variation from biblical proportions is indicative of immense catastrophe such as the many that are contained within The Bible (floods plagues Sodom and Gomorrah etc..
Here the writer uses a metaphor claiming cicadas are a plague so his usage of the phrase biblical numbers is appropriate.
How many critters were in the plagues? Would the 2004 Thailand Tsunami be considered Biblical do you think?
while infected with the herpes B virus . Although the herpes B virus is not harmful to the monkeys once transmitted to a human the virus infection has an almost 80%fatality rate (Shemcreeks).
The CDC report stated that there were outbreaks among locals when the monkeys became overpopulated. Puerto rico was alarmed by this
The issue is as serious as swine flu says Modern Farmer. Some key quotes: So they're bad.
#Something Is Killing Up to Half Of America's Bees There's some kind of environmental issue/plague/apocalypse killing America's honeybees
With brain-wasting disease in our deer and elk and steroidal enhanced deficiencies accumulating in our cows this bodes really well for U s as a nation huh?
THREATEN ANTHRAX OFGENERAL GULF OF TONKIN OFCOLIN POWELL AND JOHN KERRY CON'S! MOCK HORTON ADOLPHHITLER NASA BOEING REMOTESATELITE OR NORAD HARRP TOO NOMEON HARRPP CONTROLS MUNITION DRONESAPOCALYPSE NOW!
THREATEN ANTHRAX OFGENERAL GULF OF TONKIN OFCOLIN POWELL AND JOHN KERRY CON'S! MOCK HORTON ADOLPHHITLER NASA BOEING REMOTESATELITE OR NORAD HARRP TOO NOMEON HARRPP CONTROLS MUNITION DRONESAPOCALYPSE NOW!
Consider the Black plague's 75million death count. Very tramatic to society and civilization-that was a third of Europe.
Bad yes but hardly a plague w
#Even Hobby Drones Could Be made Illegal In Texason a hazy day last January an unmanned aircraft enthusiast piloted his camera-equipped drone in the vicinity of a Dallas meatpacking plant cruising around 400 feet in the air.
when you have the gastric flu? an unknown starling you have seen never or the lettuce you had with your lunch.
Brucellosis is caused by the bacteria Brucella abortus so named because it causes cattle to miscarry their fetuses.
Although a 2011 study said that the measures have not been successful in reducing the prevalence of brucellosis in the overall population there hasn t yet been documented a case of transmission between Yellowstone bison and livestock.
#The Swine flu You Can Get From American County Fairsbefore 2012 outbreaks of so-called influenza A variant infections in the U s. only popped up once in a while in the medical literature.
Then in 2012 healthcare workers across the U s. reported 309 human cases of influenza A (H3n2) variant also known as H3n2v.
Samples of flu viruses taken from pigs and from people in Ohio during the 2012 outbreak were genetically close to one another according to the study
In addition all of the cases recorded across the state were more than 99.5 percent similar to one another genetically indicating that it was just one flu strain that took residence in humans and swine alike.
It's a little funny to think of getting a flu from a pig at the county fair.
which influenza viruses evolve. Swine are susceptible to avian human and swine flus and these virus can circulate inside pigs for varying lengths of time with no signs of illness.
This makes them great meet-markets for flu viruses to exchange genetic material. The H1n1 flu that reached pandemic proportions in 2009 first spent some time circulating among pigs in Asia Europe and North america.
Luckily H3n2v doesn't readily move between people which limits its ability to spread. People mostly catch it directly from swine.
The U s. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that people who are susceptible to complications from the flu--such as young kids older adults
and pregnant women--avoid pig barns at fairs. Keeping away from sick-looking pigs is important but not adequate.
which was published in the September issue of the journal Emerging Infectious diseases. That probably means more investigators gathering poogers at fairs.
because malaria yellow fever dysentery and other diseases claimed the lives of approximately 20000 workers. The U s. took over the project in 1904 and implemented some sanitation practices--including draining wetlands
The land of the jungle where the mosquito sang her weird song of death unmolested for four hundred years vying with the germs of dysentery typhoid fever and pneumonia in the destruction of human life;
The heavy rainfall insures permanent stagnant water where the larvae of the yellow fever and malarial mosquitos thrive in countless millions;
Yellow fever had been endemic for hundreds of years and epidemic when new material was available. Malaria was ever present consuming the life blood
Typhoid fever was very common and the ravages of dysentery were sorely distressing. The history of the Isthmus is linked inseparably with disease and death.
which yellow fever has been banished for more than six years; where the mortality from typhoid fever and dysentery has been reduced to the minimum;
where malaria has become mild and controllable; the country where the deaths per thousand among canal employees instead of De Lesseps's 240 is only seven and one half.
Shall we go on permitting hundreds of thousands of people to die of preventable diseases like typhoid fever malaria and tuberculosis?
Sure enough they found that Rocky mountain spotted fever tickborne disease ffected the same areas. We went back to our patients
or if only some do (as is the case with Lyme disease which is caused by a bacterium).
which bird flu viruses don't reproduce. In spite of public opposition and a lack of funding GM meat research has continued to advance.
Although bioweapon stockpiles are in short supply (with very good reason) Mathaudhu is confident that geneticists could synthesize whatever new plagues seem useful.
By the time you've settled the quarrel with the neighbors your kids are making a sound like whooping cough.
and as if this was not enough a most serious attack of erysipelas with typhoid symptoms.
and Europe usually cause problems only in people with suppressed immune systems such as AIDS patients or transplant recipients although some atypical North american and European strains have been associated with severe ocular toxoplasmosis.
and milk products said Maldonado an infectious disease expert who also is a pediatrician at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital.
It was not uncommon for children to contract tuberculosis from milk. Some advocates of raw-milk consumption argue that cows are healthier now than in the pre-pasteurization era
In addition to many species of bacteria the list includes giardia rabies and norovirus. According to the U S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United states causing 19-21 million illnesses
By using imaging techniques the researchers were able to visualize the plant toxin within the body of the roundworm.
Primates are seen as the worst plague and the animals that are the most destructive. Olive baboons vervets and other primates are the main culprits.
#Tuberculosis in Zambia: spread, control of infectionin Zambia the incidence of all forms of human tuberculosis is estimated to be 444 per 100000.
There is also a high incidence of HIV and AIDS in the country. In the Kafue area a high incidence of Mycobacterium bovis in both cattle and the Kafue lechwe antilope has been detected.
This bacterium can infect humans and has been found in humans in the studied region of Namwala.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is the main cause of human tuberculosis has also been detected in cattle in this region.
Human tuberculosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Sidney Malama's doctoral research shows that Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is the most prevalent tuberculosis bacterium in humans also occurs in cattle in Namwala.
In other words this bacterium is zoonotic. Malama has detected a large degree of genetic variation amongst M. tuberculosis in humans in this area of Zambia
and has also found that M. tuberculosis bacteria isolated from humans and cattle respectively are related.
The fact that this bacterium is found in cattle means that these animals can be a reservoir for human tuberculosis
and that humans can become infected with both M. bovis and M. tuberculosis by drinking unpasteurised milk
and eating meat that has not been tested properly. Malama used a standard 15 MIRU-VNTR loci-method for the genotyping of M. tuberculosis
when he studied the epidemiology of M. tuberculosis in the Namwala district. However this method has drawbacks
when it comes to studying M. bovis in this area because some loci recommended by the European Reference Laboratory (EURL) for M. bovis are not suitable for genotyping the bacterium in Zambia.
Sidney Malama's research shows that cross infection of both M. tuberculosis and M. bovis occurs between humans and animals in this region.
Finds of similar genotypes of M. tuberculosis in humans and cattle and of M. bovis in humans cattle and Kafue lechwe in Namwala indicate that the same tuberculosis bacteria are circulating between humans and animals.
Health authorities wildlife managers and cattle owners must work together to stop zoonotic tuberculosis in Namwala and the bordering areas in Kafue.
M. bovis has also been isolated from humans only suffering from tuberculosis of the lungs and this may suggest that the bacterium is transmitted between people and not just between cattle and humans.
Malama comes to the conclusion that zoonotic tuberculosis is a considerable threat to public health in Zambia
and that a One Health approach adapted to local needs is required in order to control the spread of infection in the area.
#Culling vampire bats to stem rabies in Latin america can backfireculling vampire bat colonies to stem the transmission of rabies in Latin america does little to slow the spread of the virus
Now the same team has combined the field findings with new computer models of rabies transmission and data from infection studies using captive vampire bats to show that culling has minimal effect on containing the virus
The team's new paper scheduled for online publication in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Dec 2 also establishes that rabies is usually not lethal among vampire bats.
In the paper last year we demonstrated that bat colony size wasn't a predictor of rabies prevalence
and colleagues created four mathematical models of rabies transmission each representing an alternative hypothesis for the biology of rabies infection.
Then they tested the models against data from the University of Georgia-led field study of rabies exposures in wild vampire bat colonies across Peru.
That study tracked rabies exposures in individually marked Desmodus rotundus vampire bats from 17 colonies in four regions of Peru between 2007 and 2010 and yielded the most complete dataset on rabies exposure patterns ever collected for any bat
or disturbance-mediated dispersal culling could perversely have the opposite of the intended effect on rabies transmission.
Rohani and colleagues say that such a phenomenon has recently been observed in controlled badger culls in the United kingdom where disruption of badger social dynamics and subsequent dispersal led to increased tuberculosis transmission in cattle at neighboring sites.
and sustain the virus. The probability of a vampire bat developing a lethal infection upon exposure to rabies is around 10 percent much lower than the 50-to-90 percent mortality rate seen in previous experimental challenges studies that involved inoculating vampire bats with rabies virus
according to the researchers In Latin america coordinated efforts to eliminate human rabies transmitted by dogs began in 1983 and led to a roughly 90 percent reduction in human and canine rabies according to the U s. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Since 2000 vampire bats have been the leading cause of human rabies there especially in remote areas of the Amazon region in Peru Ecuador and Brazil according to the CDC.
Continued growth of the livestock industry likely exacerbates rabies outbreaks in the region by providing an almost unlimited food source for the blood-feeding bats fueling population growth and range expansion.
Worldwide more than 55000 people die of rabies each year according to the World health organization. More than 95 percent of the human deaths occur in Asia
The drug has a long history of use in serious parasitic diseases such as malaria African sleeping sickness and PCP a common infection in HIV/AIDS.
It is presumed that the infection can cause flu-like conditions. In people with impaired immune systems an infection can cause pneumonia
of infectious diseases (tuberculosis meningitis etc. alert that nowadays there are not enough measures to avoid children's exposure to tobacco.
this process makes it possible to vaccinate against infectious diseases. Adaptive immunity is usually a faster more specific and more effective form of defense than innate immunity.
or near the Arabian peninsula and the historical deadly nature of the 2002 outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus create further anxiety about the emergency of PEDV in the United states due to the lack of scientific information about the origin
#Breast milk protein may be key to protecting babies from HIVA substance in breast milk that neutralizes HIV
and may protect babies from acquiring HIV from their infected mothers has been identified for the first time by researchers at Duke Medicine.
The discovery could lead to potential new HIV-prevention strategies. Reporting in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences during the week of Oct 21 2013 the researchers describe how the TNC protein in breast milk binds to
and neutralizes the HIV virus potentially protecting exposed infants who might otherwise become infected from repeated exposures to the virus
. Even though we have antiretroviral drugs that can work to prevent mother-to-child transmission not every pregnant woman is being tested for HIV
Worldwide in 2011 an estimated 330000 children acquired HIV from their mothers during pregnancy or birth or through breastfeeding according to UNICEF.
As international health organizations have set a goal of eliminating mother-to-child infections researchers have worked to develop safe and affordable alternatives to antiretroviral therapy that can be used to block HIV transmission to infants.
but the majority of the HIV-neutralizing activity of breast milk remained unexplained. More recent studies pointed to a large protein that had yet to be identified.
In their study the Duke team screened mature milk samples from uninfected women for neutralizing activity against a panel of HIV strains confirming that all of the detectable HIV-neutralization activity was contained in the high molecular weight portion.
Using a multi-step protein separation process the researchers narrowed the detectable HIV-neutralization activity to a single protein and identified it as TNC.
Further analysis described how TNC works against HIV by blocking virus entry. The protein is uniquely effective in capturing virus particles
and neutralizes the virus specifically binding to the HIV envelope. These properties provide widespread protection against infection.
It's likely that TNC is acting in concert with other anti-HIV factors in breast milk and further research should explore this Permar said.
But given TNC's broad-spectrum HIV-1-binding and neutralizing activity it could be developed as an HIV-prevention therapy given orally to infants prior to breastfeeding similar to the way oral rehydration salts are administered routinely to infants in developing regions.
Permar said TNC would also appear to be inherently safe since it is a naturally occurring component of breast milk
and it may avoid the problem of HIV resistance to antiretroviral regimens that complicate maternal/infant applications.
The discovery of the HIV inhibiting effect of this common protein in breast milk provides a potential explanation for why nursing infants born to HIV-infected mothers do not become infected more often than they do said Barton F. Haynes M d. director of the Duke
It also provides support for inducing inhibitory factors in breast milk that might be even more protective such as antibodies that would completely protect babies from HIV infection in this setting.
and has been shown to protect against severe illnesses like necrotizing enterocolitis a potentially deadly condition affecting thousands of infants each year.
The bowel disease necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the second most common cause of death among premature infants said Mark Underwood lead study author neonatologist and professor in the Department of Pediatrics at UC Davis Children
but climate change is rapidly altering the distribution and magnitude of forest pestilence and altering biodiversity and the ecosystem.
#Badgers ultimately responsible for around half of TB in cattlebadgers are ultimately responsible for roughly half of tuberculosis (TB) in cattle in areas with high TB prevalence according to new estimates based on data from a previous badger culling trial.
and remains a widespread vector-borne infectious disease sickening almost half a billion people every year around the planet.
and may explain why they are able to host viruses such as Ebola rabies and the recently discovered Middle east Respiratory system (MERS) virus
and could one day be used to prevent the transmission of deadly vector-borne diseases such as malaria dengue West Nile virus and yellow fever.
and Infectious diseases (grants R56ai099778 and R01ai087785) and the National Institute of Neurological disorders and Stroke (grant R21ns074332) and internal funding from UCR.
A freely available food supplement could help in this respect scientists from ETH Zurich have demonstrated in roundworms.
In roundworms these reactive oxygen species prolong life says Ristow. No scientific evidence for usefulness of antioxidantsthis might seem surprising as reactive oxygen species are considered generally to be unhealthy.
After all the metabolic pathway initiated by niacin is very similar in roundworms and higher organisms.
Ristow and his team's work now suggests that the activity of sirtuins actually prolongs life in roundworms.
Studying genetically modified roundworms that were unable to convert nicotinamide into certain other metabolic products the scientists did not observe any lifespan extension even after overexpression of sirtuins which otherwise lead to an increased life expectancy.
The Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases part of the National institutes of health under Contract No.
#Influenza virus in wild birds in Norwayducks and gulls are the natural hosts of Influenza a virus.
One example of this is the highly pathogenic H5n1 virus in Southeast asia known to cause#oebird flu#.
#Due to the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5n1 in Southeast asia a programme to monitor influenza viruses in wild birds in Norway was initiated in 2005.
The results showed that low pathogenic avian influenza viruses were present in 15.5%of the samples
but not the highly pathogenic H5n1 virus. The complete genetic material from a total of five influenza viruses from mallard and common gull were sequenced and characterized.
The results showed that the genes of the Norwegian viruses resembled the genes found in influenza viruses from other wild birds in Europe.
and America influenza viruses with different genetic material have developed between these two continents. However in some areas it has been observed that genes can be exchanged between influenza viruses from Eurasia and America.
Tønnessen studied the role that gulls play in the transfer of virus genes between these two continents.
Genes from American avian influenza viruses were detected not in the European gull viruses studied. However within avian influenza viruses from Eurasia she found that virus genes were exchanged between influenza viruses typically found in gulls and ducks respectively.
During the breeding seasons of 2008 and 2009 Tønnessen studied the occurrence of influenza virus in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) at Hornã¸ya in Finnmark in Northern Norway.
Low amounts of influenza virus were detected in 5-15%of the samples from adult kittiwakes
and she discovered that more than 70%of the adult birds had developed antibodies against Influenza a virus. The majority of the kittiwakes had antibodies against an influenza virus subtype typically found in gulls namely H16.
Ducks can become infected with influenza virus through consumption of surface water contaminated with faeces shed by virus infected birds.
Most subtypes of influenza virus from ducks can retain their infectivity in water over long periods of time.
Experiments performed by Tønnessen showed that influenza virus subtypes primarily found in gulls (i e.
H13 and H16) can also remain infectious in water for several months under different salinity and temperature conditions.
To assess if a typical influenza virus subtype from gull can infect chickens Tønnessen inoculated chickens with an H16n3 virus obtained from herring gull.
Influenza virus was detected in the oropharynx of 2 of the 19 virus inoculated chickens and specific antibodies against H16 were found in the same two chickens.
In order to find out why influenza viruses of the H13 and H16 subtypes primarily infect gulls Tønnessen examined
And nootkatone shows promise for being the most effective agent for the ticks that cause Lyme disease.
With widespread occurrence of cholera in Latin america the direct use of untreated wastewater was restricted in the country.
Most wastewater goes untreated in Sub-saharan africa where water pollution triggers the spread of waterborne diseases such as diarrhea and cholera.
#Whole genome sequencing provides researchers with a better understanding of bovine TB outbreaksthe use of whole bacterial genome sequencing will allow scientists to inexpensively track how bovine tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted from farm to farm according to research presented this week
and infectious disease resistance--will likely have caused many genetic adaptations of this kind. We need lactase
#Genesis and evolution of H7n9 influenza virusan international team of influenza researchers in China the United kingdom and the United states has used genetic sequencing to trace the source
and evolution of the avian H7n9 influenza virus that emerged in humans in China earlier this year.
The study published today in Nature was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases (NIAID) a component of the National institutes of health and other organizations.
From these samples the researchers isolated several influenza viruses and genetically sequenced those of the H7n9 subtype as well as related H7n7 and H9n2 viruses.
Within ducks and later within chickens various strains of avian H7n9 H7n7 and H9n2 influenza exchanged genes with one another in different combinations.
Given these results the authors write continued surveillance of influenza viruses in birds remains essential.
The above story is provided based on materials by NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases. Note:
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