Synopsis:
5. medicine & health: 1. diseases: Diseases: Infectious diseases:
BBC 00408.txt
A new strain of influenza virus occurs every 1-2 years, for example. But the sudden global explosion of an epidemic that infects a large number of the population oe a pandemic oe is harder to predict.
The Black death, a bubonic plague during the Middle ages caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, killed 30%-60%of Europeans (80%of people in the south of France and Spain) and reduced global population from 450 million to around 350 million.
In some countries witch hunts rooting out the unknown cause of the plague resulted in minority groups being massacred,
For plague survivors life generally improved, especially for those at the bottom of the ladder.
The Black death also had an environmental impact oe loss of agricultural activity allowed forests to regrow,
the Spanish flu of 1918 killed one in five of those infected, some 40-50 million people worldwide,
aged 20-40 (most flu outbreaks kill the very old and young first). However, the global economic slump that resulted from incapacitation
The HIV/Aids epidemic, which also disproportionately effects young, working age men and women, can give some idea of economic impact oe in hard-hit sub-Saharan African countries the economies were estimated to be on average 22%smaller in 2010
Poverty in HIV-hit southern Africa means it has the lowest per capita greenhouse gas emissions on the planet.
BBC 00511.txt
Is China's flu pandemic the next big one? China's flu pandemic: The big one?
Laurie Garrett Foreign policy 24 april 2013 Ten years after Sars, a new virus strikes China, perhaps more deadly,
and certainly harder to contain. The H7n9 flu now evolving in China has a lethality about nine times the mortality rate of the Great Influenza of 1918-19,
which claimed at least 50 million lives. It's not a bird flu, but what is it,
and where does it hide? One week, no food S Abbas Raza Aeon 1 may 2013 Couple fast for seven days.
BBC 00799.txt
when we've introduced diseases such as flu, smallpox, HIV or malaria to places where the local people haven't developed adequate immunity.
Meanwhile, we've been artificially boosting the populations of certain select species, such as cows, dogs, rice, maize and chickens oe most
In the Galapagos, plagues of blackberry bushes originally from The himalayas are simply being controlled, whereas rats and goats that eat the food of rare tortoises are being eliminated.
BBC 00873.txt
identify bird flu and figure out what plants the bees that made your honey were pollinating. Damon Little, a curator at the New york Botanical gardens has used it to see
BBC 00943.txt
I've been vaccinated against killers from polio to tuberculosis to measles; I've had an inside toilet and bathroom with hot and cold running water;
BBC 00985.txt
Technology and innovation has saved already us from plagues, low crop yields, water shortages, reliance on fossil fuels and more.
BBC 01104.txt
Last September, scientists reported the structure of a key enzyme that allows HIV to replicate,
BBC 01117.txt
and powdered tiger humerus (for treating ulcers and typhoid) for $3, 200 per kilo in Seoul, according to the conservation charity.
impactlab_2010 00389.txt
This holds promise for the future treatment of infectious diseases in humans. It may have been 1 billion years
impactlab_2010 00666.txt
Eating almonds can help the body to fight off viral infections such as the common cold and flu, according to new research.
including those that cause flu and the common cold. They said although they have still to carry out research on how many almonds must be eaten to obtain a beneficial effect,
impactlab_2010 00679.txt
natural molecules produced by the sheeps immune systems to fend off infections such as influenza or those caused by parasitic worms.
said Read, an expert in the evolutionary genetics of infectious disease. In addition to Graham, authors on the paper include Adam Hayward, Kathryn Watt, Jill Pilkington, Josephine Pemberton and Daniel Nussey, all of the University of Edinburgh.
impactlab_2010 01547.txt
and places in the story a description of the Mayfair neighborhood in London where the protagonists live or a history of the Black death plague,
impactlab_2010 02441.txt
but it has been used to treat other wasting diseases and arthritis. via Arbroath Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati o
impactlab_2010 03307.txt
He caught typhoid fever from an inmate, nearly died of it, and for a year was unable to play baseball.
what was presumed to be flu. A doctor began asking him routine questions for medical background. oewhen I told him I drank 10 to 20 bourbons a day,
He caught typhoid fever from an inmate nearly died of it, and for a year was unable to play baseball.
what was presumed to be flu. A doctor began asking him routine questions for medical background. oewhen I told him I drank 10 to 20 bourbons a day,
impactlab_2011 00283.txt
New zealand biologists believe that honeybees can sense the faint floral odor on the breath of people infected with tuberculosis,
#When we tested them with the tuberculosis odours we found the bees can still smell it down to parts per billion,
Bees help in the battle against tuberculosis (Image: Honeybee on Snakeroot, a Creative Commons Attribution (2. 0) image from dendroica s photostream) Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati e
impactlab_2011 00412.txt
and get around the need to screen for diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. Currently in the UK around 1. 6 million pints of blood are needed every year
There is also an increasing public health concern with plasma derived HSA with its potential risk for transmission of blood-derived infectious pathogens such as hepatitis and HIV.
impactlab_2011 01047.txt
the bark is removed to make shingles, flowers and smaller limbs are saved for later use.##Wood is extracted#to build the concession stand.
impactlab_2011 01616.txt
Deer also carry the ticks that transmit Lyme disease to about 13,000 people each year. Economic damage to agriculture, timber,
impactlab_2011 02739.txt
#Genetically Modified Chickens Developed Than Cannot Transmit Bird flu Scientists develop GM chickens that do not spread bird flu.
British scientists have developed genetically modified (GM) chickens that cannot transmit bird flu infections#a step that in future could reduce the risk of avian flu spreading
and died when they were exposed to H5n1 bird flu, they didnt transmit the virus to other chickens they came into contact with.
H5n1 bird flu has been circulating in Asia and the Middle east, with occasional outbreaks in Europe, since 2003 and has killed
ECONOMIC AND FOOD SECURITY THREAT In Southeast asia, China and parts of Africa, bird flu is already a major economic and food security issue,
said this week it was raising its bird flu alert level after detecting H5n1 bird flu at poultry farms.
and food security in parts of the world where bird flu is a major threat, but said using them would probably add slightly to farming costs.
the researchers introduced a new gene into them that manufactures a small decoy#molecule that mimics an important control element of the bird flu virus. The replication machinery of the virus is tricked into recognizing the decoy molecule instead of the viral genes
they infected 10 of them and 10 normal chickens with H5n1 bird flu. Like the normal chickens, the transgenic birds became sick with the virus,
The researchers said they now plan to work on trying to make chickens that are fully resistant to bird flu rather than just blocking bird-to-bird transmission.
impactlab_2012 00021.txt
Mr. Sechler swears by the concoction as a way to fight off bacterial diseases that plague meat
impactlab_2012 00197.txt
or for treating influenza. Old people here will start their day with a spoonful of honey.
impactlab_2012 00588.txt
Unlike existing sleep aids, the drug (which will likely be reviewed by the F. D. A. later this year) works by turning off wakefulness rather than by inducing sleep.
impactlab_2012 01273.txt
diabetes and some cancers#for the first time in human history#kill more people than infectious diseases, according to the United nations. Less known,
impactlab_2013 00124.txt
Goat cheese Back in 2010, the UK saw a major outbreak of Q fever disease. As a result, over 50,000 pregnant goats and sheep were culled
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HIV probably didn t jump to humans through human-monkey sex, but through hunting of monkeys for food that led to blood-to-blood contact.
impactlab_2013 00753.txt
These types of memory aids can help you to learn large quantities of information in a short period of time.
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which deadly influenza strains have emerged. Importantly, consumption of insects can bring along direct and relatively rapid societal benefits.
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because the Bairds had lost two sons to AIDS#ons who had helped previously to support their parents and sister.
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the ash trees die#over 100 million since the plague began. In some cases, their death has an immediate impact,
Livescience_2013 00327.txt
Ringworm also known as dermatophytosis is not a worm at all: It is a fungal infection consisting of several different species of fungus that feeds on keratin the substance found in hair nails and the outer layer of skin within humans and domesticated animals.
Livescience_2013 00365.txt
and kids to remember during cold and flu season but it' s also a smart health move any time —
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The U s. Food and Drug Administration warns against feeding babies breast milk obtained online as the donor is unlikely to have been tested for infectious disease
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and would intervene on behalf of his people discouraging the gods from sending plagues or skipping the life-giving Nile floods.
Livescience_2013 01319.txt
Bats are suspected also to be the source of the closely related SARS virus) . However humans do not have much direct contact with bats so another animal such as camels
The study is published in today's (Aug 9) issue of the journal The Lancet Infectious diseases. Follow Rachael Rettner@Rachaelrettner. Follow Livescience@livescience Facebook &google+.
Livescience_2013 01412.txt
The parasite also infects people with compromised immune systems such as those with HIV/AIDS. After reviewing past studies on the parasite a team of researchers believes the Toxoplasma parasite may be a significant public health problem infecting people who are otherwise healthy.
Livescience_2013 01470.txt
whether chewing gum aids weight loss and these have found conflicting results Swoboda said. We were interested in seeing'Does this really help with weight loss?'
Livescience_2013 01507.txt
But China's increasingly restive population of 1. 3 billion people is now starting to demand government action to combat the deadly plagues of pollution
Livescience_2013 01529.txt
An expert in forest pathology and emergent infectious disease he contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices:
Livescience_2013 01689.txt
born HIV-positive in 2010 now shows no signs of HIV infection.</</p><p>Though medical experts caution that this single case does not represent a cure for all cases of HIV infection the child s aggressive antiretroviral treatment may become a new standard of care for children born to HIV
-positive mothers.</</p><p>Full Story:<<a href=http://www. livescience. com/27604-baby-hiv-cured. html target=blank>Baby with HIV Is cured Doctors Say</a p><p></p><p>One of the most ferocious
insects you've ever heard of it's the size of a quarter and its painful bite has been compared to being knifed is set to invade Florida this summer.</
Livescience_2013 01801.txt
and ruled out several possible causes for the elk deaths including poachers anthrax lightning strikes epizootic hemorrhagic disease (an often-fatal virus known to affect deer and other ruminants) botulism poisonous plants
Livescience_2013 01942.txt
Causes Sometimes referred to as intestinal flu diarrhea is caused usually by a virus in the bowel
Livescience_2013 02132.txt
One chemical in bee resin has been shown to have inhibitory effects against HIV-1 de Roode said.
Livescience_2013 02240.txt
Vitamin d aids the absorption of calcium which is important for the heart and colon as well.
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and leaves hiding in roof shingles foundation cracks decorative shrubs and underneath decks. I get so fanatic that sometimes
Livescience_2013 02645.txt
In the 1930s an outbreak of wasting disease and an enormous hurricane virtually wiped out these eelgrass beds which provide a bedrock for marine life.
Livescience_2013 02700.txt
However in children and in the elderly as well in individuals with weak immunity (such as AIDS or cancer patients) untreated cyclosporiasis may cause severe and occasionally fatal illness.
Livescience_2013 02805.txt
or in the cracks of shingles (anywhere there is a crevice for them to build a funnel web inside).
Livescience_2013 03059.txt
#H7n9 Bird flu Virus Capable of Airborne Transmission One strain of the H7n9 bird flu virus appears to spread easily through the air between ferrets which are a good model for how the virus may spread in humans a new study from China says.
So far there have been no reports of sustained human-to-human transmission with H7n9 bird flu.
But the new findings add to growing evidence that the virus likely needs to undergo just a few genetic mutations to gain the ability to spread between people said Dr. Richard Webby a bird flu expert at St jude Children's Research
See New Bird flu Virus: 6 Things You Should Know. H7n9 emerged in China in February
Researchers know that a flu virus that transmits well between humans will transmit well between ferrets Webby said.
Livescience_2013 03060.txt
#H7n9 Flu Study Hints at How It May Spread in People It's likely that the new H7n9 bird flu virus can spread through the air on a limited basis according to a new study that looked at how the virus spreads in animals.
whether a person falls ill with flu including their overall health researchers like to study flu viruses in animals under controlled conditions to better understand how they spread said study researcher Dr. Richard Webby a bird-flu expert at St jude
  In the new study researchers infected six ferrets with the H7n9 virus all of whom developed flu symptoms.
Ferrets are considered a good model to study human flu transmission because efficient spread of the flu in ferrets tends to predict efficient spread in people.
Several of the infected ferrets were placed in the same cage as uninfected ferrets. In addition several uninfected ferrets were placed in cages a short distance away from uninfected ferrets to see
The flu virus also spread through the air but less efficiently. Just one of three ferrets caged a short distance from infected ferrets caught the virus. The findings mostly mirror
H7n9 appears to be more infectious than the H5n1 bird flu virus Webby said. When researchers infect ferrets with H5n1 they usually do not see transmission through airborne
Livescience_2013 03198.txt
. when the Athenians who were packed behind their city walls during a Spartan attack suffered a plague that killed many people including their leader Pericles.
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or bacteremia) it has been used for open wounds. It can kill many types of bacteria and is thought also to provide a barrier to moisture.
Livescience_2013 03291.txt
The trees were infested unfortunately with roundworms and insects. President William Howard Taft acting on advice from agriculture officials ordered the trees burned and destroyed.
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although unlike with a sexually transmitted disease the bacteria are usually already on the woman S1 Â
Livescience_2013 03309.txt
#How Deadly H7n9 Flu Could Jump from Birds to Mammals Chinese researchers have found new clues to the origins of the deadly H7n9 flu virus
and also found a new flu virus lurking in birds that could potentially infect mammals.
The new research shows that the deadly H7n9 flu virus which emerged in China in March likely originated in migratory birds was passed to domestic ducks
As the researchers studied the H7n9 flu they found a previously unknown virus called H7n7.
In laboratory tests this H7n7 virus infected ferrets which are used often a model for human flu transmission.
Flu viruses are named for their proteins the H in the name comes from hemagglutinin and the N from neuraminidase.
Both the H7n9 virus and the H7h7 virus belong to the H7 family of viruses. 6 Flu Vaccine Myths There are probably other viruses like H7n7 that are circulating in the poultry populations in China said study
researcher Yi Guan of the Joint Influenza Research Centre in Hong kong. China has about 65 percent of the world's domestic ducks
Many flu viruses Guan noted don't cause people any problems. They spread through poultry populations
But H7-type flu viruses persist and oftenâ evolve into new forms. Vincent Racaniello professor of microbiology and immunology at Columbia University in New york said this kind of surveillance study is important in finding new viruses and understanding them better.
Guan said the most surprising thing the team found was just how widespread flu viruses are.
Influenza viruses often change as they are transmitted between individuals and species; as H7n9 made its way from migratory to domestic birds it exchanged genes with other types of flu.
That's what gave it the ability infect people the researchers said. A key development for the virus was altering its proteins so it could bind to the cells in the upper respiratory tracts of chickens.
Many varieties of flu live in the birds'intestines but they aren't spread through the air.
and a 2012 study found these measures reduced the spread of influenza. Racaniello emphasized that
Livescience_2013 03919.txt
#Israel Escapes Locust Plague For Now MITZPE RAMON Israel A menacing swarm of locusts that entered southern Israel earlier this week has been largely smitten according to the Israeli government and local reports.
According to the Bible swarms of locusts were the eighth plague sent into ancient Egypt as a punishment for suppressing the Jews said Hendrik Bruins a researcher who studies the archaeology and environmental aspects of desert peoples at Israel's Ben-Gurion
But could the plague be a divine punishment this time around? This we cannot say Bruins told Livescience.
Because there have been so many plagues throughout history not every locust plague can be classified in that way he said laughing.
Livescience_2013 03940.txt
#It's Time To Worry About the New Chinese Bird flu: Op-Ed Jeff Nesbitâ was the director of public affairs for two prominent federal science agencies
It's time for the world's public health officials to pay very close attention to the new bird flu outbreak in China first detected in March.
To put it bluntly there are now some seriously dangerous developments occurring around the new disease outbreak in China that infectious disease specialists
 the first reported case of the new bird flu strain outside China; the fact that any potential vaccine tests in animals (not humans) may be up to six weeks out;
Bird-flu Update: Possible Cases of Human-to-Human Transmission Investigated The situation remains complex and difficult
When we look at influenza viruses this is an unusually dangerous virus for humans Keiji Fukuda the World health organization's assistant director-general for health security said Wednesday at a briefing.
Chinese officials nd public health officials around the world ad hoped that this potentially virulent and deadly bird flu strain (H7n9) could be contained inside China
days after returning to Taiwan according to Taiwan's Central Epidemic Command Center nd the fact that Chinese officials are publicly saying that at least some of the existing cases may have involved human-to-human transmission this new bird flu strain could spread nd fast.
New Bird flu Virus: 6 Things You Should Know None of this is good. Right now 18 percent of the cases in China have ended in deaths.
While this is still less deadly than the previous avian flu outbreak in China six years ago he H5n1 bird flu virus eventually killed more than 300 people after spreading from China to other countries in 2006 he death rate for this new Chinese bird flu
epidemic is more than triple the mortality rate of tuberculosis in China today. Despite widespread fears among public health officials that the earlier bird flu strain years ago might become a human-to-human pandemic that didn't occur.
Nearly all reported cases of the earlier bird flu strain while deadly seemed to jump from poultry to humans who were handling them or in contact with them.
For this reason despite dozens of outbreaks it was easier to contain the spread. But if this new bird flu strain does in fact become capable of human-to-human transmission
and it takes awhile for a suitable vaccine to be developed then international public health officials are going to start sweating.
One flu-virology expert John Oxford from Queen Mary University told Reuters this week that the emergence of this completely new strain of bird flu infections in humans was very very unsettling.
This new strain is in fact a mixture of three different types of bird flu variants and seems to have been quietly spreading in chickens without anyone knowing about it he said.
Public health officials in general have been worried about bird flu viruses for years. Research several years ago showed that the virus could be transmitted from an expectant mother to a fetus
New Rules on Mutant Bird flu Research Stir Debate What's more it could reignite fears about the possibility of deadly global pandemics.
A decade ago several well-known virologists and public-health experts warned in published papers that the world was at risk for pandemics that could kill tens of millions of people or even more without adequate infectious disease monitoring and medical research.
The 2006 Chinese bird flu outbreak came on the heels of those global pandemic warnings. The good news is that China is more transparent about disease epidemics now than it was a decade ago
and that the number of reported cases with the new bird-flu strain has jumped not dramatically so far.
And China learned a lot about how to limit the spread of bird flu after the last outbreaks simply by closing down poultry markets that appear to be likely starting points.
Just because the previous bird flu outbreak in China didn't spread quickly and prove as deadly as some had feared does not mean that this new outbreak will follow a similar course.
Drone Wars in America This article first appeared as It's Time To Worry About the New Chinese Bird flu in the column At the Edge by Jeff Nesbitâ on U s. News & World Report.
Livescience_2013 04601.txt
></p><p>A Mississippi baby born with HIV and treated in the early hours of her life remains free of the infection three years later
<a href=http://www. livescience. com/40671-hiv-baby-cure-virus-free. html target=blank>Baby'Cured'of HIV Still Infection-Free After 3 Years</a p
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#Mysterious Elk Deaths Plague New mexico Officials with the New mexico Department of Game and Fish are puzzling over the mysterious deaths of more than 100 elk apparently all within a 24-hour period in rural New mexico.
Tests have come back negative for anthrax a bacteria that exists naturally in the region and can kill large animals.
Livescience_2013 04823.txt
#Nature Aids Science to Take on Bed bugs This Research in Action article was provided to Livescience in partnership with the National Science Foundation.
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#New Bird flu: What the First 82 Cases Reveal Although health officials still haven't confirmed the species of animal that is the source of the H7n9 bird flu outbreak in China most people who fell ill had contact with birds or pigs according to a new report.
The report published online Wednesday (April 24) in the New england Journal of Medicine describes an investigation of the 82 people who were infected with the virus from the beginning of the outbreak (in February and March) through April 17.
So far health officials know of 108 people who've fallen ill with the new strain of bird flu 22 of
which points to poultry markets as the likely source of H7n9 bird flu infections. Other findings from the investigation of the 82 cases include:
Aninvestigation of 82 people infected with the new bird flu virus shows most who fell ill had contact with birds or pigs.
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Food insecurity plagues one-third of households two-thirds for female-headed households. People are reliant on the condition of their farmland and fisheries.
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#One Source of Bird flu Virus Found Poultry markets in Shanghai are one likely place where people are contracting the new bird flu virus a new study from China suggests.
So far health officials know of 108 people who've fallen ill with the new strain of bird flu 22 of
which is that people can contract bird flu at poultry markets said Dr. Richard Webby a bird flu expert
and infectious disease researcher at St jude Children's Research Hospital who was involved not in the study.
Previously reports of infection with the H5n1 strain of bird flu were linked to poultry markets Webby said.
However the new study does not suggest that the new H7n9 bird flu virus originated in Shanghai poultry markets
or that the markets are the only source of infection said Dr. Andy Pavia chief of the University of Utah's Division of Pediatric Infectious diseases and chair of the influenza advisory committee at the Infectious disease Society of America.
New flu viruses can arise when gene segments from different flu strains mix and match.
The new study and others suggest that H7n9 had three genetic parents that combined to make the new virus Pavia said.
It provides a rather unnatural environment where a lot of these different bird species that may have different flu viruses get together
A poultry market Shanghai may be one source of H7n9 bird flu infections. This story was provided by Myhealthnewsdaily a sister site to Livescience.
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which they would touch people inflicted with scrofula and supposedly cure them. Spawforth said that canceling these ceremonies was considered oescandalous.
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First Case Detailed in New Report The case of a father and daughter in China who both became infected with H7n9 bird flu provides the strongest evidence yet that the virus can transmit from person to person experts say.
See 6 Things You Should Know About the New Bird flu Genetic testing revealed that the patients were infected with nearly identical strains of H7n9.
Limited human transmission of bird flu viruses has been seen in the past and is not surprising Rudge and Coke said.
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and degradation followed by an infectious disease called chytridiomycosis. In the Sierras introducing trout into mountain lakes also hit frogs hard
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