#Digital Reading Devices Transforming the Way We Read Books oethe Elements: A Visual Exploration on an ipad. Twelve year old Emma Teitgen thought the chemistry book her teacher recommended would make perfect bedside reading. Perfect because it might help her fall asleep. Then she downloaded oethe Elements: A Visual Exploration to her ipad. Instead of making her drowsy, it blossomed in her hands. The 118 chemical elements, from hydrogen to ununoctium, came alive in vivid images that could be rotated with a swipe of the finger. Tapping on link after link, Teitgen was engrossed soon in a world of atomic weights and crystal structures. Three hours later, the seventh-grader looked up to see that it was 11 p m, . way past her bedtime. oeit was like a breath of fresh air compared to my textbook, said Teitgen, who lives in Pittsford, N y. oei was amazed really by all the things it could do. I just kept clicking so I could read more. More than 550 years after Johannes Gutenberg printed 180 copies of the Bible on paper and vellum, new technologies as revolutionary as the printing press are changing the concept of a book and what it means to be literate. Sound, animation and the ability to connect to the Internet have created the notion of a living book that can establish an entirely new kind of relationship with readers. As electronic reading devices evolve and proliferate, books are increasingly able to talk to readers, quiz them on their grasp of the material, play videos to illustrate a point or connect them with a community of fellow readers. The same technology allows readers to reach out to authors provide instant reaction and even become creative collaborators, influencing plot developments and the writers use of dramatic devices. Digital tools are also making it possible for independent authors to publish and promote their books, causing an outpouring of written work on every topic imaginable. If the upheaval in the music industry over the last decade is any guide, the closing of more bookstores and a decreasing demand for physical books will force authors and their publishers to find new ways to profit from their work. oethere is not a single aspect of book publishing that digital wont touch, said Carolyn Kroll Reidy, chief executive of Simon & Schuster. oeit is transformational. oethe Master of Rampling Gate, a novella by Anne Rice published in 1991 as a paperback, illustrates some of the possibilities. The work tells the story of a brother and sister who inherit a remote mansion occupied by the undead. The out-of-print title was given new life in March, when it was reissued in digital form by Vook, an Alameda, Calif, . start-up that sells titles for the ipad and iphone. As a $4. 99 application sold through Apples itunes store oethe Master of Rampling Gate comes with video interviews with Rice and others. Rice speaks about her inspiration for her works and about the Gothic genre in which she writes. Within the text are links to Web pages that elaborate on events and places in the story a description of the Mayfair neighborhood in London where the protagonists live or a history of the Black death plague, which plays a key role in the fourth chapter. oefor me, this is a way to communicate with my readers, establish a connection with them and build a community around them, Rice said in an interview. Vook (the name is a mash-up of oevideo and oebook) has published more than two dozen titles, including oereckless Road, which describes the early days of heavy metal band Guns n roses. oereckless Road weaves in dozens of videos of the L a. bands early performances and interviews with band members and groupies. The videos and other digital features are designed to oeproject the emotion of the book without getting in the way of the story, said Brad Inman, Vooks chief executive and a former real estate columnist for the San francisco Examiner. oewe want to revive the passion for traditional narrative. Multimedia could be a catalyst for spawning more reading. Vook does not disclose information about its finances or its payments to authors. Its biggest cost, Inman said, is the production of the videos. Tim OREILLY, whose OREILLY Media in Sebastopol, Calif.,is at the forefront of designing and distributing digital books over the Internet and on mobile devices, said technology has the power to oebroaden our thinking about what a book does. Owners of oeibird Explorer, a digital book produced for the iphone by field guide publisher Mitch Waite Group, can play the songs of more than 900 bird species. Using microphones, it can also capture the chirps and warbles of wild birds and match them against a database of bird sounds to help the oereader identify the species . In addition to displaying pages from a book, digital e-readers can read them aloud, opening up a literary trove for the blind and the visually impaired who have had long only a thin selection of audio and Braille books to choose from. Devices made by Amazon com Inc . and Intel Corp. are able to convert text into speech. oeyou now have the ability to make a book talk, said George Kerscher, head of the Digital Accessible Information system Consortium in Zurich, Switzerland. Kerscher, who studied computer science at the University of Montana and is blind, has spent two decades lobbying publishers to make books more accessible to visually impaired readers. Digital technology is also transforming reading from a famously solitary experience into a social one. The newest generation of readers the texting chatting, Youtubing kids for whom the term oeoffline sounds quaint has run circles around the fusty publishing process, keeping its favorite stories alive online long after theyre done reading the books. At online fan communities for popular fantasy series like oeharry Potter and oetwilight, young enthusiasts collaborate on new story lines involving monsters, ghosts and secret crushes. Fans in other forums, blogs and chat rooms weave alternative endings or side plots for their favorite works. One site, Fanfiction. net, features hundreds of short stories based on a series of young adult novels by Scott Westerfeld called oeuglies. oetheyre extending the world by creating new characters Westerfeld said. oethats what good readers do. They take apart the narrative engine and, examining the different parts, they ask how things could have been different. Authors are pulled into the scene by fans who barrage them with e-mail to share their reactions, ask how plots came about and glean hints of what will happen in the next novel. oetheres an ongoing feedback loop with my readers, said Westerfeld, 47, who splits his time between New york and Australia. He figures hes logged more than 30,000 e-mails from readers over the years. oethey educate me a lot about the way they are reading. Im a lot smarter about it now than when I was locked up in a room writing on my own. He learned, for example, that writing about conflict can unsettle his younger readers. oewhen two characters in my book have an argument, I get a lot of e-mail, Westerfeld said. oeadults see it as churn. But kids are affected far more by it, so I use it only when there is a real need in the story for conflict. Now that anyone with an Internet connection or even a cellphone effectively owns a digital printing press, the distinction between professional and amateur writers is rapidly blurring. Digital publishing has uncapped a geyser of creative output from authors who may never have made it into print or wouldnt have thought to Try on Textnovel. com, thousands of cellphone-toting authors write novels via text message, one or two sentences at a time. Aspiring writers can sign up on the free site and begin writing, either from phones or computers. Readers can follow the stories online or receive a text every time their favorite author adds a plot twist. Shannon Rheinbold-Gee tapped out her 85,000-word thriller about teenage werewolves in just under five weeks using the Textnovel site. The former middle-school teacher figured she had no chance of getting a traditional publishing deal. oei had absolutely no concept of where it was going to go said Reinbold-Gee, 37, of Otego, N y. As she wrote, oei would just throw things out and hope something hit the target. It did. The book, oe13 to Life, won Textnovels first annual contest and earned its author a three-book contract with the prestigious St martins Press, including a $10, 000 advance. The first installment came out in paperback in June and will appear in Wal-mart stores in August. Reinbold-Gee, who now writes under the name Shannon Delany, frequently asked readers to help her make decisions about plot and character twists in oe13 to Life. At the end of Chapter 6 she asked which beau her main character, Jessica, ought to go to the prom with. Fans voted for Jessica to go stag and thats how Reinbold-Gee wrote it. Textnovel, which is funded by contributions from its own members, is just one example of how the Internet has become fertile ground for creative amateurs. On Scribd. com, writers and digital packrats are building a huge swap meet for written works of every length, many of which once existed on paper. Visitors can browse digital versions of novels and nonfiction books some by established authors, others by complete unknowns along with recipes for spinach calzones and 1950s-era manuals for building transistor radios, nearly all of which is free. As in many places online, free content is the rule. Writers who are intent on making money will have to find creative ways to attract readers and build an audience. As the Youtube of books, Scribd provides a virtual printing press for budding writers and a community of potential readers. The company gets most of its revenue by selling advertising on the site. A small portion of the titles on Scribd, roughly 15%of more than 20 million documents, is for sale. The prices, which are set by publishers, range from $1. 99 for oethe Dark Dreamweaver, a fantasy novel about an 11-year-old who ventures into a land of dreams, to a $27. 99 book published by OREILLY Media for designing Web pages. Scribd takes a 20%cut of those sales. Trip Adler, a 26-year-old entrepreneur who started developing the site as a Harvard undergraduate, says its on the verge of being profitable. oeits like having a huge library at your fingertips, but with stuff youd never think to look at, said Helen Black, a mother of five in Portland, Ore. On Scribd, Black found a 1957 tourist map of Bemidji Minn.,, where shed gone to summer camp as a girl. She read a chunk of the Senates healthcare reform bill, a document called oewhats in A can of Red Bull?(partial answer: oemeat sugar) and the 1894 diary of a woman traveling east from Oregon by wagon. The proliferation of amateur content poses a conundrum for publishers, who must find a way to make a profit in a sprawling marketplace increasingly filled with free content. oeweve pretty much reached the point where the supply has shifted now to infinite, said Richard Nash, former head of Soft Skull Press, a small New york publisher. oeso the next question is: How do you make people want it? Part of the answer may be found on Goodreads. com, a digital library and social networking site where millions of members can log in and chat about any book they want, including many that will never see print. Lori Hettler of Tobyhanna, Pa. runs one of the largest book clubs on Goodreads, with nearly 7, 000 members chiming in from all over the globe. Discussions can go on for hundreds of messages, with readers passionately championing or eviscerating the clubs latest selection. A recommendation by Hettler can help little-known authors find an audience. Her recent picks include M. Cliffords oethe Book and D. H. Haneys oebanned for Life, both self-published efforts. oeword of mouth goes a long way, Hettler said. oeonce I review a book for one guy, he usually has someone he would like me to read, and then that guy has someone he would like me to read. Its this wonderful, endless cycle. Hettler may be broadening reading horizons, but some people worry that new technologies will diminish the classic reading experience. Whereas printed texts often are paved linear paths by the author chapter by chapter, digital books encourage readers to click here or tap there, launching them on side journeys before they even reach the bottom of a page. Some scholars fear that this is breeding a generation of readers who wont have the attention span to get through oethe Catcher in the Rye let alone oemoby-Dick. oereading well is like playing the piano or the violin, said the poet and critic Dana Gioia, former chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts. oeit is a high-level cognitive ability that requires long-term practice. I worry that those mechanisms in our culture that used to take a child and have him or her learn more words and more complex syntax are breaking down. But Larry Rosen, a psychology professor at Cal State Dominguez Hills, said it was a mistake to conclude that young people learned less simply because oethey are flitting around all over the place as they read. oekids are reading and writing more than ever, he said. oetheir lives are centered all around words. Dr. Gary Small, director of the Center on Aging at UCLA and author of oeibrain, said Internet use activated more parts of the brain than reading a book did. On the other hand, online readers often demonstrate what Small calls oecontinuous partial attention as they click from one link to the next. The risk is that we become mindless ants following endless crumbs of digital data. oepeople tend to ask whether this is good or bad, he said. oemy response is that the tech train is out of the station, and its impossible to stop. Via Los angeles times Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati f

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