and spatially separated co-catalysts says Peidong Yang a chemist with Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Division who led this research.
and antiviral drugs so as to reduce their adverse effects upon human health. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Springer.
#Poultry drug increases levels of toxic arsenic in chicken meatchickens likely raised with arsenic-based drugs result in chicken meat that has higher levels of inorganic arsenic a known carcinogen according to a new study
whether or not the poultry was raised with arsenical drugs. The findings provide evidence that arsenical use in chickens poses public health risks
and Drug Administration (FDA) the agency responsible for regulating animal drugs should ban arsenicals experts say.
Conventional antibiotic-free and USDA Organic chicken samples were purchased from 10 U s. metropolitan areas between December 2010
and June 2011 when an arsenic-based drug then manufactured by Pfizer and known as roxarsone was readily available to poultry companies that wished to add it to their Feed in addition to inorganic arsenic the researchers were able to identify residual roxarsone in the meat they studied;
Arsenic-based drugs have been used in poultry production for decades. Arsenical drugs are approved to make poultry grow faster
and improve the pigmentation of the meat. The drugs are approved also to treat and prevent parasites in poultry.
In 2010 industry representatives estimated that 88 percent of the roughly nine billion chickens raised for human consumption in the U s. received roxarsone.
In July 2011 Pfizer voluntarily removed roxarsone from the U s. market but the company may sell the drug overseas
Pfizer still domestically markets the arsenical drug nitarsone which is chemically similar to roxarsone. Currently in the U s. there is no federal law prohibiting the sale or use of arsenic-based drugs in poultry feed.
In January Maryland became the first U s. state to ban the use of most arsenicals in chicken feed.
Hopefully this study will persuade FDA to ban the drug and permanently keep it off the market.
or perhaps to know which drugs specifically will be most effective he said. For doctors like Bayard Powell M d. chief of hematology and oncology at Wake Forest Baptist's Comprehensive Cancer Center new drugs designed to enhance anti-tumor immune responses are beginning to play a major
role in the treatment of certain forms of cancer. At Wake Forest Baptist we are now fighting cancer with state-of-the-art therapies including immunotherapeutics Powell said.
How a tumor's immunogenic disposition influences the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic drugs is an important question that could lead to valuable new strategies in personalized medicine.
but symptoms are treated with medications and procedures such as deep brain stimulation. Previous studies have found that cigarette smoking and other forms of tobacco also a Solanaceae plant reduced relative risk of Parkinson's disease.
I'm not doing drugs may not always be able to use that line. New research to be presented Sunday May 5 at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in WASHINGTON DC supports the theory that cigarettes are a gateway drug to marijuana.
Contrary to what we would expect we also found that students who smoked both tobacco and marijuana were more likely to smoke more tobacco than those who smoked only tobacco said study author Megan Moreno MD MSED MPH FAAP an investigator at Seattle Children's Research Institute and associate professor
and are used as a traditional pharmacopoeia. Scientists also underline its agronomic benefits. Indeed it can be crossed with cultivated olive trees to improve various properties such as the drought-resistance of the latter.
A simple analogy is that it's like taking antibiotics in case you get ill rather than
Children should also carry allergist prescribed epinephrine inhalers or other lifesaving medications. If your child is sneezing
This signal can also turn on honey bee immunity genes that code for antimicrobial proteins. According to Berenbaum three other honey constituents were effective inducers of these detoxification enzymes.
Propolis turns on immunity genes--it's not just an antimicrobial caulk or glue. It may be medicinal
The TONE study identified several polymorphisms that relate to weight sensitivity with regard to hypertension according to principal investigator John B. Kostis MD John G. Detwiler professor of cardiology professor of medicine and pharmacology
or two antihypertensive medications--were assigned randomly to one of four interventions:#¢#¢Intensive dietary intervention focused on sodium reduction#¢Weight loss program#¢Combination of weight loss and sodium-reduction programs#¢Attention control in
or sodium reductionregardless of the intervention participants'levels of antihypertensive medication remained the same throughout to remove medication changes as a variable.
and Shweta Iyer twin-sister high school students who contributed to the research as part of an internship under the guidance of Brookhaven chemist Wei-Fu Chen supported by projects led by James Muckerman Etsuko Fujita
A class of drugs called PPAR agonists that help regulate fat and glucose was considered promising by doctors who prescribed them for patients with metabolic syndrome--a collection of risk factors linked to heart disease
and type 2. However studies have shown the long-term use of these drugs can also increase stroke risk which has prevented many from securing FDA approval.
The new research from the U-M Cardioprotection Research Laboratory suggests that tart cherries not only provide similar cardiovascular benefits as the prescribed medications
but can also reduce the risk of stroke even when taken with these pharmaceutical options. The results which were seen in stroke-prone rats were presented April 23 at the Experimental Biology 2013 meeting in Boston.
PPAR agonists among them medications such as Actos (pioglitazone) act in a similar way but cardiovascular side effects have limited their use.
While prescribed drugs improve the outlook for certain risk factors they've also shown to have undesirable side effects.
and the drug Actos in stroke-prone rats by measuring the animals'systolic blood pressure as well as locomotion balance coordination all of
and Actos also did better than those who only took the drug. Seymour cautioned that the results can't be applied directly to humans
but they are a potentially positive sign for those taking medications. We weren't sure
and the drug Seymour says. It turns out that the cherries did have a positive effect even
when combined with the medication. Steven Bolling M d. a U-M cardiac surgeon and the laboratory's director said the study adds to the group's growing body of research linking cherries to positive heart health.
either from fortified orange juice a supplement or a pharmaceutical formulation were all capable of increasing total circulating 25 (OH) D concentrations for at least 3 months and up to 6 years added Holick the senior
Although there is no evidence so far that this virus will result in a human pandemic this outbreak provides a reminder of the importance for all countries to ensure they have an appropriate stockpile of antiviral medication.
Peyton Jacob III Phd a UCSF research chemist and Neal Benowitz MD a UCSF tobacco researcher both based at San francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center
Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties the Mediet might play a role in decreasing SUA concentrations.
#Chink in the armor of Schmallenberg virus identifieda key building block in the Schmallenberg virus could be targeted by antiviral drugs according to a new study led from the University of Leeds. The disease
and could therefore be an effective antiviral drug. The Schmallenberg virus appears to be spread by midges.
or beetroot might be a lifestyle approach that one could easily employ to improve cardiovascular health said Amrita Ahluwalia Ph d. lead author of the study and a professor of vascular pharmacology at The Barts and The London Medical school in London.
and were not taking blood pressure medication. The study participants drank 250 ml of beetroot juice
Compared with the placebo group participants drinking beetroot juice had reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure--even after nitrite circulating in the blood had returned to their previous levels prior to drinking beetroot.
If scientists can pinpoint the molecular triggers in snacks that stimulate the reward center in the brain it may be possible to develop drugs
#Self-medication in animals much more widespread than believedit's been known for decades that animals such as chimpanzees seek out medicinal herbs to treat their diseases.
But in recent years the list of animal pharmacists has grown much longer and it now appears that the practice of animal self-medication is a lot more widespread than previously thought according to a University of Michigan ecologist and his colleagues.
Animals use medications to treat various ailments through both learned and innate behaviors. The fact that moths ants and fruit flies are known now to self-medicate has profound implications for the ecology and evolution of animal hosts and their parasites according to Mark Hunter a professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and at the School
of Natural resources and Environment. In addition because plants remain the most promising source of future pharmaceuticals studies of animal medication may lead the way in discovering new drugs to relieve human suffering Hunter
and two colleagues wrote in a review article titled Self-Medication in Animals to be published online today in the journal Science.
When we watch animals foraging for food in nature we now have to ask are they visiting the grocery store
or are they visiting the pharmacy? Hunter said. We can learn a lot about how to treat parasites and disease by watching other animals.
Wood ants incorporate an antimicrobial resin from conifer trees into their nests preventing microbial growth in the colony.
Hunter and his colleagues suggest that researchers in the field should deemphasize the'self'in self-medication and base their studies on a more inclusive framework.
The authors argue that animal medication has several major consequences on the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions.
For one when animal medication reduces the health of parasites there should be observable effects on parasite transmission or virulence.
In addition animal medication should affect the evolution of animal immune systems according to Hunter and his colleagues.
Honeybees are known to incorporate antimicrobial resins into their nests. Analysis of the honeybee genome suggests that they lack many of the immune-system genes of other insects raising the possibility that honeybees'use of medicine has been partly responsible
The authors also note that the study of animal medication will have direct relevance for human food production.
Finding out what makes Salmonella resistant to antibacterial measures could help curb outbreaks. Researchers affiliated with the Fralin Life science Institute discovered that
and Drug Administration's regulations by highlighting the need for better sanitation and new strategies to reduce biofilm formation on equipment
#GUMBOS technology promises new drugs, electronic devicesmention a breakthrough involving gumbo technology in New orleans and people think of a new twist on The Local Dish the stew that's the quintessence of southern Louisiana cooking.
For example some nanoparticles are used as the drug delivery vehicle. We can make nanogumbos that are both the drug
and the drug delivery vehicle he said. Warner cited as one example a newly developed nanogumbos material with a provisional patent application filed that his team at LSU foresees as a lead in possible development of new anticancer drugs.
Using in vitro studies they are completing key research to better understand how nanogumbos can be tuned to be selectively toxic to cancer cells and nontoxic to normal cells.
More details are presented on this technology at this New orleans ACS meeting. We have a material that is normally toxic to both cancer cells
Doctoral student Megan Szyndler entomologist Catherine Loudon and chemist Robert Corn of UC Irvine and entomologists Kenneth Haynes and Michael Potter of the University of Kentucky collaborated on the new study.
Their work was motivated by a centuries-old remedy for bedbugs used in Bulgaria Serbia and other southeast European countries.
Current treatments focus on oral medications that stimulate insulin secretions and/or reduce insulin resistance dietary changes that control blood sugar levels
A simple natural pill or capsule that would both help control blood sugar and foster weight loss at the same time would be a major advance in the treatment of type 2 diabetes Vinson said.
This presentation will consider the antibacterial mechanisms of various nanomaterials within the context of environmental implications and applications.
and EU rules on the use of illegal drugs in research. Professor David Nutt president of The british Neuroscience Association and Professor of Neuropsychopharmacology at Imperial College London (UK) will tell the BNA's Festival of Neuroscience today (Sunday) that
although the UK's Medical Research Council has awarded a grant for the trial the Government's regulations controlling the licensing of illegal drugs in research
He will tell the meeting at the Barbican in London that his research has shown that psilocybin the psychedelic ingredient in magic mushrooms has the potential to alleviate severe forms of depression in people who have failed to respond fully to other antidepressant treatments.
the United nations 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances classifies it as a Schedule 1 drug one that has a high potential for abuse with no recognised medical use
and the UK has classified it as a Class A drug the classification used for the most dangerous drugs.
The law for the control of drugs like psilocybin as a Schedule 1 Class A drug makes it almost impossible to use them for research
because finding companies who could manufacture the drug and who are prepared to go through the regulatory hoops to get the licence
The whole situation is bedevilled by this primitive old-fashioned attitude that Schedule 1 drugs could never have therapeutic potential
but we are still hunting for a company that can manufacture the drug to GMP standards for the clinical trial
We live in a world of insanity in terms of regulating drugs at present. The whole field is bogged so down by these intransient regulations
I show it's a really useful treatment for some people with depression there's only four hospitals in this country that have a licence to hold this drug
when healthy volunteers are injected with psilocybin the drug switched off a front part of the brain called the anterior cingulate cortex
We found that even in normal people the more that part of the brain was switched off under the influence of the drug the better they felt two weeks later.
and 30 patients will be given a placebo. The drug (or placebo) will be given during two possibly three carefully controlled
and prepared 30-60 minute sessions. The first session will be a low dose to check there are no adverse responses the second session will give a higher therapeutic dose
While they are under the influence of the drug the patients will have guided talking therapy to enable them to explore their negative thinking
What we are trying to do is to tap into the reservoir of under-researched'illegal'drugs to see
The current legislation is stopping the benefits of these drugs being explored and for the last 40 years we have missed really interesting opportunities to help patients.
--so long as he can find a manufacturer for the drug. 1 Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals from neurons (nerve cells) to target cells. 2 Funding:
Treating depression with antidepressants: where are we now and where are we going? Story Source:
The flowers were made bitter using quinine--a flavour used in tonic water which bees typically dislike.
and will allow us to better understand the mechanism of drug resistance that is common in prostate cancer patients.
and maintain their integrity for sophisticated genomic and behavioral analyses said Hsian-Rong Tseng Phd associate professor of molecular and medical pharmacology at UCLA and the inventor of the Nanovelcro Chip concept and device.
As there is a growing pressure to reduce the use of antibiotics in farming new products are needed to maintain animal welfare standards reduce the huge costs of necrosis in poultry
To do this study well we had to think like food chemists to extract chemicals from food
which was on par with their tests of p53 activity caused by a chemotherapy drug called etoposide.
Although there are medications that can compensate for the loss of female sex hormone production the drugs are recommended often not for long-term use due to the increased risk of heart disease and breast cancer.
-or cell-based hormone therapy--essentially an artificial ovary-to deliver sex hormones in a more natural manner than drugs said Emmanuel C. Opara Ph d. professor of regenerative medicine and senior author.
A bioartificial ovary has the potential to secrete hormones in a natural way based on the body's needs rather than the patient taking a specific dose of drugs each day.
Jeff Weiner Ph d. professor of physiology and pharmacology at Wake Forest Baptist and colleagues used an animal model to look at the early stages of the addiction process
but to the development of better drugs to treat the disease as well Weiner said. We know that some people are much more vulnerable to alcoholism than others just like some people have a vulnerability to cancer
Typically when a drug like alcohol is given to a mouse every day the way the animals respond increases--they become more stimulated
In high doses alcohol is a depressant but in low doses it can have a mellowing effect that results in greater activity he said.
Prior studies with other drugs such as cocaine and amphetamine have suggested that animals that show the greatest increases in locomotor sensitization are also the animals most likely to seek out
or consume these drugs. However the relationship between locomotor sensitization and vulnerability to high levels of alcohol drinking is established not as well Weiner said.
Usually when researchers are studying a drug they give it to one test group while the other group gets a control solution
The report Adults with Mental illness or Substance Use Disorder Account for 40 Percent of All Cigarettes Smoked is based on the findings of SAMHSA's 2009-2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH.
NSDUH is the primary source of statistical information on the use of illegal drugs alcohol and tobacco by the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United states aged 12 years or older.
whether Donepezil a drug normally used to improve mental function for those with early Alzheimer's disease was effective at improving their cognition.
which positively impacts cholesterol said the study's corresponding author Srinavasa T. Reddy a UCLA professor of medicine and of molecular and medical pharmacology.
The peptide would be considered a drug if given by injection or in a purified pill form but when it is a part of the fruit of a plant it may be no different from a safety standpoint than the food in which it is contained
--and it may be tolerated better than a drug Fogelman said. He noted that one possibility could be the development of the peptide into a nutritional supplement.
The current study and findings resulted from years of detective work in searching for an apoa-1 peptide that could be produced practically.
In the U s. alone cigarette smoking accounts for more deaths annually than HIV illegal drugs alcohol motor vehicle injuries suicides and murders combined.
and Drug Administration approval for these products as required by law said study co-author Gregory Connolly director of the Center for Global Tobacco Control at HSPH and professor of the practice of public health in the Department of Social and Behavioral
#Goats milk with antimicrobial lysozyme speeds recovery from diarrheamilk from goats that were modified genetically to produce higher levels of a human antimicrobial protein has proved effective in treating diarrhea in young pigs demonstrating the potential for food products from transgenic animals to one
day also benefit human health report researchers at the University of California Davis. The study is the first on record to show that goats'milk carrying elevated levels of the antimicrobial lysozyme a protein found in human breast milk can successfully treat diarrhea
and kill pancreatic cancer cells says Rajesh Agarwal Phd co-program leader of Cancer Prevention and Control at the CU Cancer Center and professor at the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Many researchers are engineering new drugs to target cancer cells'ability to supply themselves with energy
experts sayscientists say amending an EU directive on GMOS could help stimulate innovation in making cheaper vaccines pharmaceuticals
In a paper to be published in Current Pharmaceutical Design six scientists from the US and Europe including Dr Pennysparrow from the John Innes Centre compare risk assessment and regulation between the two continents.
In the EU plant-made pharmaceuticals have to be authorised in the same way as GM agricultural crops.
But for crops producing pharmaceuticals this would never actually happen. Drug companies would likely license farmers to grow these crops under controlled defined and confined conditions.
Plant-made pharmaceuticals challenge two sets of existing EU regulations and to make progress in this area we need to make sure they are applied sensibly to allow pharmaceuticals to be produced in plants.
Advantages of using plants to produce therapeutic proteins include the ability to produce large quantities quickly and cheaply the absence of human pathogens the stability of the proteins and the ease with
But potential cost savings are eliminated under current regulations set up for GM agricultural crops not pharmaceuticals.
They propose amendments to EU Directive 2001/18 to allow pharmaceutical products from GM plants to be commercialised without needing authorisation to enter the human food or animal feed chain.
Since IKBKE kinase is induced by tobacco small molecular inhibitors of IKBKE could have a therapeutic drug potential for lung cancer explained lead author Jin Q. Cheng Ph d. M d. senior member
and have grown over time reaching more than $25 billion a year in 2008 said first author James Lightwood Phd a UCSF associate professor of clinical pharmacy.
#Lack of energy an enemy to antibiotic-resistant microbesrice University researchers cured a strain of bacteria of its ability to resist an antibiotic in an experiment that has implications for a longstanding public health crisis. Rice environmental engineer Pedro Alvarez
and his team managed to remove the ability of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa microorganism to resist the antibiotic medication tetracycline by limiting its access to food and oxygen.
and often transmissible DNA element--that allows it to resist tetracycline. The researchers'results reported this month in the American Chemical Society journal Environmental science
and Technology are the latest in a long effort to understand the environmental aspects of antibiotic resistance which threatens decades of progress in fighting disease.
The propagation of antibiotic resistance has been perceived as a medical or microbiology-related problem Alvarez said.
A lot of the antibiotic-resistant bacteria originate in animal agriculture where there is overuse misuse and abuse of antibiotics.
Alvarez contended that confined animal feeding operations (CAFOS) are potential sources of environmental contamination by antibiotics
and the associated antibiotic-resistant genes that find their way into the ground water and ultimately the food supply.
We started with the hypothesis that microbes don't like to carry excess baggage he said. That means they will drop genes they're not using
and/or oxygen through successive generations they found that in the absence of tetracycline both microbes dumped the resistance plasmid though not entirely in the case of E coli.
which made it susceptible once again to antibiotics. When a high level of tetracycline was present both microbes retained a level of resistance One long-recognized problem with antibiotics is that they tend to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory.
If any antibiotic-resistant bacteria are part of a biological mix whether in a person an animal or in the environment the weak microbes will die
and the resistant will survive and propagate; this process is known by biologists as selective pressure.
If we can put an anaerobic barrier at the point where a lagoon drains into the environment we will essentially exert selective pressure for the loss of antibiotic-resistant genes
His study of the Haihe River in China funded by the Chinese government and published last year found tetracycline resistance genes are common in the environment there as well.
or an oral alkaline medication for one year. The treatments were dosed to decrease dietary acid by half.
A small group of highly motivated patients wishing to reduce their pill burden through dietary modification may benefit from the results of this study.
or if they are using the products simultaneously with alcohol or drugs. Young adults are a big market for tobacco companies as they are often willing to try new products
We do believe that to some extent these findings are going to be applicable to other important areas of disease beyond sepsis said Daren Knoell senior author of the study and a professor of pharmacy and internal medicine at Ohio State.
Ryan Pavlovicz and Chenglong Li of Ohio State's Biophysics Program (Li is also in the College of Pharmacy;
RNA silencing has also been implicated in antibacterial plant defense. The discovery by Ma's lab is the first to show that RNA silencing regulates plant defense against eukaryotic pathogens.
or condition being studied to take medications or provide information. But many studies also require healthy participants
A small camp of 300 artisanal gold miners had expanded to over 5000 miners poachers and arms and drugs dealers.
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