Higher nut consumption also has been linked to reductions in cholesterol levels oxidative stress inflammation adiposity and insulin resistance.
performed differently in people who suffer from autism spectrum disorder than in those who do not.
Autism spectrum disorder and autism are general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development that affect social interactions communication skills and behaviors.
Many studies have found that people who have autism fail to focus on the eye region of others to gather social cues
and analyzed in patients with autism. Researchers in Cedars-Sinai's Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Neurology with colleagues from the California Institute of technology and Huntington Memorial Hospital in Pasadena listened in
and recorded the firing activity of individual nerve cells in the amygdalae of two patients with a high-functioning form of autism as they viewed pictures of entire faces or parts of faces on a screen.
The research team then compared recordings from neurons in the patients with autism to recordings from neurons in patients who did not have led autism
which to the discovery that a specific type of neuron performed atypically in those with autism.
In the two patients with autism whole-face neurons responded appropriately but the face-part neurons were much more active
A subpopulation of neurons in these patients with autism spectrum disorder showed abnormal sensitivity to the mouth region.
Thus the subset of face-part-sensitive neurons was specifically abnormal in autism Rutishauser said.
The article's senior author Ralph Adolphs Phd Bren Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Caltech said the study presents new insights into mechanisms underlying the symptoms of autism
but this study points us in a specific direction that we believe will help understand autism he said.
Progress in finding answers for autism has been limited because no animal model exists for the highly complex human disorder.
The autism study was made possible by patients being treated for epilepsy who underwent surgery to have implanted depth electrodes in their brains to monitor seizure-related electrical activity.
Two of the patients also suffered from a high-functioning form of autism spectrum disorder. The amygdala is a routine target for depth electrodes to localize epileptic seizures.
and suspected to be abnormal in autism. However until our recent discovery it was unknown
Rutishauser Adolphs and their colleagues published several recent articles on face recognition that led up to this research on autism.
The current available vaccines against this disease are imported vaccines prepared using foreign strains. They are given via intramuscular injections.
High tunnels can offer many benefits for delicate vegetable crops including protection from environmental stresses such as hail frost excessive rainfall and high wind.
and Biological sciences Research Council found that the bacteria make coats for themselves that play important roles in colonization in this strain.
This capsule may help the bacteria to cope with environmental stress or aid colonisation and adhesion.
Different bacterial strains have different EPS structures and understanding this is important as they represent a key way bacteria interact with the world around them.'
The structures of these two EPS molecules appear to be unique to this strain. Structural features such as the phosphorylation patterns are likely to be a major influence on how well bacteria adhere.
This strain of Lactobacillus johnsonii is now being taken through farm-scale trials to assess its potential use to combat pathogenic infections of poultry by bacteria such as C. perfringens.
We found a clear reduction of E coli strains possessing typical genes for extra-intestinal pathogenic E coli (Expec) says Bednorz.
While a number of strains of E coli are pathogenic non-pathogenic E coli contributes to the maintenance of the microbial gut balance according to the report.
#¢High temperature stresses in summer will become more frequent and damaging to agriculture and will possibly drive dairy and livestock production farther north.
and function of the human immune system and it plays important roles in diseases such as some leukemias multiple sclerosis and diabetes.
#Collaborative efforts help mental health patients quit smokingpersons with mental illness account for more than one-third of adult smokers in the United states
and despite a decline in tobacco use during the past five decades there has been no change in the smoking rate for patients with poor mental health.
To combat reliance on tobacco in mental health populations experts agree that mental health services and government-sponsored tobacco control programs must work together to improve education and access to smoking cessation programs.
Historically mental health care has operated separately from general medical practices where collaborations exist to strongly encourage smoking cessation in typical patient populations said Jill M. Williams MD professor of psychiatry at Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical school.
The result of this disconnect according to Dr. Williams has left smokers with disparities to become the dominant group of smokers in the United states. This includes smokers with mental illness as well as other addictions and the very poor.
In a Viewpoint piece published Online First on October 30 in the Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry Williams said partnerships between mental health providers and state or county tobacco control programs benefit patients
In the Viewpoint piece Williams along with Jeffrey G. Willet Phd from Kansas Health Foundation and Gregory Miller MD MBA from the New york state Office of Mental health underscore the benefits to patients noting that collaborative
Whereas the treatment for tobacco dependence has typically been delivered in primary care settings linking mental health facilities with state and county tobacco control programs allows smoking cessation education to be incorporated into counseling
and encourages mental health providers to promote tobacco quit programs during face-to-face interactions with patients.
and policies that focus specifically on underserved populations including individuals with mental health illness. For healthcare providers integrated programs could provide strategies for improving Medicaid reimbursement of tobacco treatment services.
Medicaid is the primary health insurer for persons with mental illness in the U s . and mental health providers can utilize their experience with Medicaid to expand tobacco treatment through partnerships with tobacco control programs.
Ultimately coordinated efforts can strengthen and expand treatment programs control healthcare costs and improve the well-being of individuals with mental illness and other disparate populations
which have limited access to smoking cessation options said Williams. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical school.
and in particular antifungal resistant strains LÃ pez Llorca said. The various experiments carried out by the research group are proof of the significant synergistic effect of the combination of chitosan
and transcription in yeast leading to oxidative stress cell death and growth inhibition LÃ pez Llorca indicates.
and her colleagues identify a clear-cut case of a stress-strengthened ant-tree mutualism and suggest a possible mechanism underlying it one based on interspecies carbon exchange.
And the type of water-mediated stress response observed in the study may be more common in the future
Late last century however a new highly aggressive strain of the fungus was discovered in Southeast asia.
Subsequent DNA tests showed that the Jordan strains were identical to TR4. The scientists have established thereby that TR4 has now spread beyond Southeast asia.
improve caredoctors commonly tell patients that stress can be harmful to their health. Yet when it comes to reducing their own stress levels physicians don't heed always their own advice.
Part of the problem according to researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical center is that medical schools don't include meditation and stress-reduction training in their curriculum.
However for the past three years all third-year students at Wake Forest Baptist have been provided guided relaxation and mindfulness meditation training known as Applied Relaxation and Applied Mindfulness (ARAM) thanks to a grant
This level of distress and strain can have a significant influence on the quality of care that doctors provide.
and relaxation techniques can help moderate the influence of stress Mccann said. In every stress-management program either mindfulness
or relaxation is included always to decrease both the mental and physical wear and tear caused by stress.
The goal of the Wake Forest Baptist training was threefold: to help familiarize future doctors with techniques recommended in many medical treatment plans for patients;
and to enhance performance by improving working memory and empathy and by moderating performance anxiety. The ARAM training was composed of three sessions integrated into the third-year family medicine clerkship.
The rate of burnout among doctors is sobering and every medical school needs to include stress-management training in their curriculums.
since 1997 assesses how individuals families and communities affect mental health education careers and other outcomes over time.
A team of researchers led by Dr. X. J. Meng University Distinguished Professor of Molecular Virology has used virus strains isolated from the ongoing outbreaks in Minnesota
and Iowa to trace the likely origin of the emergent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) to a strain from the Anhui province in China.
but also that the U s. strains likely diverged two or three years ago following an outbreak of a particularly virulent strain in China.
They published their findings on the Origin Evolution and Genotyping of Emergent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus Strains in the United states abstract in the Oct 15 issue of the American Academy of Microbiology's journal mbio.
According to the study the U s. strains of the virus share 99.5 percent of their genetic code with their Chinese counterpart.
and Chinese virus strains coincides with a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus outbreak in China back in December of 2010.
or near the Arabian peninsula and the historical deadly nature of the 2002 outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus create further anxiety about the emergency of PEDV in the United states due to the lack of scientific information about the origin
They did however come across additional evidence that the U s. strains share several genetic features with a bat coronavirus--findings which point to an evolutionary origin from bats and the potential for cross-species transmission.
Symptoms include acute vomiting anorexia and watery diarrhea with high mortality rates in pigs less than 10 days old.
In their study the Duke team screened mature milk samples from uninfected women for neutralizing activity against a panel of HIV strains confirming that all of the detectable HIV-neutralization activity was contained in the high molecular weight portion.
while taking into account the humus balance stresses Prof. Daniela Thraen scientist at the DBFZ and the UFZ.
and/or combined heat and power stations but technology must be developed for an environmentally-friendly utilisation stresses Dr. Armin Vetter from TLL who has been operating a straw-fuelled power station for 17 years.
Tracing nervous disorders in humanswhat do pigs jellyfish and zebrafish have in common? It might be hard to discern the connection
This can be disorders like Parkinson's disease Alzheimer's disease autism epilepsy and the motor neurone disease ALS.
The study A comparison of two probiotic strains of bifidobacteria in premature infants was published recently online in the Journal of Pediatrics.
The products tested in the study were two genetically different strains of bifidobacteria normal inhabitants of the gastroentestinal tract that inhibit the growth of harmful pathogens and bacteria:
No side effects were identified from administration of the two probiotic strains Underwood said. One of the breastmilk-fed infants treated with B. lactis developed NEC early in the trial Underwood said indicating that B. lactis may not be as effective as B. infantis in protecting against NEC though the study was designed not to answer that question.
Each infant was treated with one strain for two weeks and after a one-week break received the other strain for two weeks.
In both the formula-fed and breast milk-fed newborns greater increases in fecal bifidobacteria occurred in the B. infantis groups than in the B. lactis groups.
The two strains of bifidobacteria used in the study were grown for UC Davis by a food-grade commercial facility to insure that the infants in the study would receive probiotics of known purity
For example sophisticated vintners use precise irrigation to put regulated water stress on grapevines to create just the right grape composition for a premium cabernet or a chardonnay wine.
#oethe complex Rddm machinery is composed of several proteins that guide the genome in response to growth developmental and stress signals.
and studying its response to various conditions We found that there is a mechanism that can in principle close cracks under any applied stress Demkowicz says.
A computer simulation of the molecular stucture of a metal alloy showing the boundaries between microcystalline grains (white lines forming hexagons) shows a small crack (dark horizontal bar just right of bottom center) that mends itself as the metal is put under stress.
These defects have intense stress fields which can be so strong they actually reverse what an applied load would do Demkowicz says:
The stress from the disclinations is leading to this unexpected behavior he says. Having discovered this mechanism the researchers plan to study how to design metal alloys so cracks would close
but if stress levels get too high the colony will eventually fail added Dr Bryden.
These compounds help to protect the developing fruit against predators pathogens and abiotic stresses. When the seeds are ripe the Anr gene is turned off.
and stress plants at the same time. In addition as she has repeatedly proven salty soils often host bacteria that are noxious for humans.
To better exploit these useful bacterial strains the Uzbek microbiologist has come up with a technique that allows the selective enrichment of Pseudomonas strains.
and cause developmental problems and inorganic forms of Se can cause oxidative stress. It is not clear how selenium damages the insect's internal organs
#Death of a spruce treeexamining a long-lived forest researchers have found that Black spruce trees which dominate the northern forests of North america succumb about five years after being weakened by environmental stresses.
Alternately they also placed samples of the silicon-nanotube sandwiches under tensile stress--pulling them apart instead of compressing them.
Reactive oxygen species are known to damage somatic cells a condition referred to as oxidative stress. Particular substances so-called antioxidants which are also found in fruit vegetables
and the oxidative stress they trigger have a health-promoting impact. Cells can cope well with oxidative stress
and neutralise it says Ristow. Substance mimics endurance sportin earlier studies on humans Ristow demonstrated that the health-enhancing effect of endurance sports is mediated via an increased formation of reactive oxygen species
which mitigates the oxidative stress caused by alcohol tobacco and obesity. As such these population groups in particular could benefit from the positive effects of fruit
and stress in animals improves welfare and encourages biodiversity using native shrubs and trees. Additionally shrubs and trees with edible leaves and shoots along with pasture plants produce more food for animals per unit area of land than pasture plants alone.
It also reduces stress by enabling the animals to hide from perceived danger. The planting as forage plants of both shrubs
and could worsen water shortages in areas that already are under significant water stress. The overall environmental impacts will be said severe Jackson.
These injuries--pitcher's elbow swimmer's shoulder runner's knee tennis elbow tendinitis--are the result of repetitive stress on tendons bones and joints.
and this type of early specialization leads to more stresses and more overuse injuries than you normally would see.
It is known to cause lasting neurological damage including psychiatric symptoms and chronic movement disorders resembling Parkinson's disease.
The modification of oxidative stress in adipose tissue (or fat tissue) can help in the prevention of cardiovascular risk associated with childhood obesity
and that will reduce water flow The researchers speculate that the ring of pectin around the torus functions as a buffer to help relieve mechanical stress during the deformation of the pit membrane
Noting that high temperatures can be challenging to modify the authors recommended that growers could reduce the irrigation interval during hot days to prevent heat stress.
when farmers carried certain nonedible strains nonfarmer spore production was reduced in some cases by more than half.
and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) who use different strains of fungi and bacteria to promote development
Prior to joining Dr. Bowden's laboratory Dr. Dickinson earned her Phd through the Genetics Graduate Interdisciplinary Program at the UA studying oxidative stress and heart disease.
Over recent years many pieces of research have identified a link between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and a lower risk of age-related disease such as dementia.
and nutritious and our systematic review shows it may help to protect the ageing brain by reducing the risk of dementia.
While the link between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and dementia risk is not new ours is the first study to systematically analyse all existing evidence.
In particular research is needed to clarify the association with mild cognitive impairment and vascular dementia. It is also important to note that
whether or not adherence to a Mediterranean diet protects against dementia. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Exeter.
#The team sequenced the genome of a strain of H contortus that was susceptible to all major classes of drugs against parasitic worms.
and resist environmental stress. The report looks in depth at the intimate relationship between microbes and agriculture including why plants need microbes
Within ducks and later within chickens various strains of avian H7n9 H7n7 and H9n2 influenza exchanged genes with one another in different combinations.
#Psychiatric patients given smoking-cessation treatment less likely to be participated rehospitalizedpatients who in a smoking-cessation program during hospitalization for mental illness were able to quit smoking
and were less likely to be hospitalized again for their psychiatric conditions according to a new study led by a Stanford university School of medicine scientist.
The findings counter a longstanding assumption held by many mental-health experts that smoking serves as a useful tool in treating some psychiatric patients.
The result is that psychiatric patients are among the country's most prolific smokers and among those most likely to die of smoking-related ailments Prochaska said.
Nearly half of the cigarettes sold in the United states are to people with psychiatric or addictive disorders according to data from the U s. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The average life expectancy for people with severe mental illness is 25 years less than that of the general population
if these patients quit smoking it would be detrimental to their recovery--that they would lose a critical crutch for coping with stress.
However she pointed out that the daily cycle of nicotine withdrawal a smoker experiences creates a great deal of stress
and that mental-health providers are equipped well to assist patients with developing healthier forms of coping.
and the use of nicotine patches could support rather than harm the patients'mental health she said.
and offers evidence that it may have helped their mental health recovery said Prochaska who focuses on developing interventions to treat tobacco dependence in people with mental illness or addictive disorders.
She said the study done in collaboration with researchers at UC-San francisco is the first to examine the impact of a stop-smoking intervention in adult psychiatric patients.
that evidence-based tobacco dependence treatments can substantially increase quit rates among psychiatric inpatients. We know that psychiatric patients smoke at very high rates
and are at tremendous risk from their smoking. Thus the findings hold promise to make an important real-world contribution to the health of these patients.
Since 1993 tobacco use in U s. hospitals has been banned with the exception of inpatient psychiatry units
which she documents the long history of tobacco in psychiatry sharing excerpts from a 1951 psychotherapy handbook that encourages practitioners to smoke during treatment sessions.
Her work also has highlighted how the tobacco industry has sponsored research to promote the self-medication hypothesis--that patients with psychiatric disorders need to smoke to function
--and marketed their products to patients with psychiatric disorders. Tobacco use has been thought to help calm patients
The challenges mental health clinicians have feared when banning smoking have not been borne out by studies. Smoking also can interfere with treatment affecting the metabolism of some psychiatric medications Prochaska said.
For instance it increases the body's elimination of olanzepine a drug used for psychosis or psychotic depression by more than 90 percent and of Haldol a common schizophrenia drug by 44 percent.
Some patients may appear more alert and attentive simply because the tobacco smoke is reducing the sedating side effects of their psychiatric medications she said.
To test the effects of treating tobacco use among hospitalized psychiatric patients the researchers initiated an intervention among 224 patients at the Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute a smoke-free locked mental hospital for acute care at UCSF.
All patients who smoked at least five cigarettes daily prior to hospitalization were invited to participate. Few were ready to quit smoking yet 79 percent agreed to participate.
The patients had a range of psychiatric diagnoses including depression bipolar disorder and schizophrenia; three in four were actively suicidal.
But at a minimum she added treating patients'smoking did not harm their mental health recovery
and supported them with this major health goal may have generalized to them feeling better about their mental health condition she said.
or that quitting will hurt their mental health recovery--none of that held up she said. What did influence outcomes were patients'perceptions at the study start of how successful they would be with quitting
Prochaska said reaction from the psychiatric community thus far has been positive. I received a call from a clinician asking to make a referral--saying this is a great program.
Focusing on the avian flu virus strain H5n1 research published today in the journal PLOS ONE identifies key stages in the poultry trade chain which lead to its transmission to other birds animals and humans.
Mice typically used in labs come from strains bred in captivity for decades. They lack the territoriality shown by wild mice.
#MRSA strain in humans originally came from cattlea strain of bacteria that causes skin and soft tissue infections in humans originally came from cattle according to a study to be published in mbio the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
The researchers who conducted the genetic analysis of strains of Staphylococcus aureus known as CC97 say these strains developed resistance to methicillin after they crossed over into humans around forty years ago.
Today methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain CC97 is an emerging human pathogen in Europe North and South america Africa and Asia.
Corresponding author Ross Fitzgerald of the Roslin Institute and the University of Edinburgh in Scotland says strains of CC97 found in cows appear to be the ancestors of CC97 strains from humans.
Bovine strains seemed to occupy deeper parts of the phylogenetic tree--they were closer to the root than the human strains.
This led us to conclude that the strains infecting humans originated in cows and that they had evolved from bovine to human host jumps says Fitzgerald.
Although the CC97 strains from animals were quite genetically diverse the human isolates cluster together in two tight distinct clades
After they made the jump the human CC97 strains acquired some new capabilities says Fitzgerald thanks to genes encoded on portable pieces of DNA called mobile genetic elements.
the bovine strains have their own mobile genetic elements. Perhaps the most problematic new capability the human strains acquired is the ability to resist methicillin an important antibiotic for fighting staphylococcal infections.
Only human strains of CC97 were able to resist the drug which indicates that the bacteria acquired resistance after they crossed over into humans presumably through exposure to antibiotics prescribed for treating human infections.
This sequence of events contrasts with the case of A s. aureus strain from pigs Fitzgerald points out since a study in 2012 revealed that MRSA ST398 strains evolved the ability to resist methicillin before they crossed over into humans.
Any number of factors could create these differences making pigs--but not cattle--a source of a drug-resistant bacterium.
whether differences in the S. aureus strains differences between pigs and cattle or differences between swine and dairy farming practices might be responsible.
A wider variety of S. aureus strains Fitzgerald says from a wider variety of locations
and hopefully prevent the birth of the next pandemic S. aureus strain. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Society for Microbiology.
These brightly coloured mothers also experienced relatively lower levels of stress hormones during arduous periods of chick rearing.
Two almost genetically identical virus strains were isolated from each patient suggesting transmission from father to daughter.
One strain was isolated but was genetically different to the two strains isolated from the patients.
The researchers acknowledge some study limitations but say that the most likely explanation for this family cluster of two cases with H7n9 infection is that the virus transmitted directly from the index patient to his daughter.
An amino acid used in energy drinks taurine plays a critical role in the metabolism of fats stress responses
If the trend continues at its current rapid pace it will place significant stress on terrestrial ecosystems around the world
and human health we'll likely see substantial stress from severely hot conditions. The scientists also projected the velocity of climate change defined as the distance per year that species of plants
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011