Synopsis: 5. medicine & health: Toxicity & poisons: Toxicity:


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Widspread use of toxic plants would restore the soil retain moisture that would otherwise run off instantly return that moisture to the atmospehre


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which is toxic in high levels. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia has more information on the ingredients in vaccines.


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Just last year more than 200 people in Lahore died after contaminated cardiac medicines containing a toxic amount of an anti-malaria drug hit the city's supply.

and is probably toxic. Too weak a signal means there might not be enough of the active ingredient to be effective (in antibiotics low doses could lead over time to drug-resistant microbes.


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For the human species to continue we need to master our environment and deal with our toxic nature.


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And about a quarter of all overdose death certificates don't have the toxicity test results listed at all landing them in the unspecified stripe.

Those methods still can't yield a toxic response and nullify the risks associated with smoking.


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#How Toxic Dumping Led To Tragedy In A Small Seaside Townthe big money though came not from refurbishing waste drums


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but we're at such a point in our'advancement'that our diluted pollutants are reaching toxic levels. 1. Nuclear power plants emit dangerous radiation into the air and water during their DAILY operations.

Radioactive particles especially Plutonium Strontium and Cesium are bioaccumulative extremely persistent and highly toxic. They travel long distances


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and explode releasing toxic gases or start feeding an overpopulation of bacteria which would reduce the water's oxygen levels for fish says Saqib Mukhtar an agricultural engineer at Texas A&m University.


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and expand depending on for example the sensory inputs nutrition and exposure to toxic substances. good deal! The sooner this project is finished the sooner we can figure out what was wrong with the brains of the people that reelected Nobama;


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#Eating Poo Helps Packrats Digest Toxic Plantsdesert woodrats are picky but not in the way you might expect:

several woodrat populations in the U s. Southwest specifically eat a type of highly toxic creosote bush.

Another group eats juniper which is also toxic to many animals. This gives the woodrats (Neotoma lepida) a nice niche allowing them to dine on a plant that others avoid.

A new study suggests that the microbes in their gut break down the toxic chemicals in the plants

These animals apparently developed the ability to break down the plant compared to those just fed rabbit food who couldn't subsequently eat the toxic plant.

All this work with toxic plants poo and packrats has wider implications than you might imagine however.

It may be possible for example to help livestock feed on toxic plants like juniper which is spreading throughout the Southwest

since breeding in the lab can cause the animals to lose microbes necessary for digesting certain toxic plant compounds found in the wild.


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But glyphosate is among the mildest herbicides available with a toxicity 25 times less than caffeine.

Its use has decreased reliance on more toxic alternatives such as atrazine. A 2012 paper from Iowa State university and the University of Minnesota suggested glyphosate-tolerant GMOS are responsible for monarchs'recent population decline.


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and use of these toxic pesticides until determined safe Friends of the Earth president Erich Pica told the AP P


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Less understandably he didn't test the wound-risen bread for toxicity. But his creepy experiment made clear that there were different strains of the bacillus with different toxicities

and that though the strain in the commercial breads was relatively innocuous it was possible that other breads might contain a dangerous strain.


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Every day about 100 containers of toxic e-waste arrive in Hong kong alone says Jim Puckett the activist with BAN.

They set fire to a fragment inhale the toxic fumes and toss it into the appropriate bin based on odor.


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but would be toxic inside the body so they can only be used for closing cuts on the surface of the skin.


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Finding low toxicity replacements for commodity plastics such as polystyrene and PVC adhesives foams and composite resins in addition to leatherlike materials must be a priority


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#Ethanol blends carry hidden riskblending more ethanol into fuel to cut air pollution from vehicles carries a hidden risk that toxic

and toxic hydrocarbons could cause health woes he said. The timely warning comes as the United states works to stimulate the production and consumption of ethanol.

because small amounts of ethanol and benzene a toxic volatile hydrocarbon present in gasoline degrade rapidly in the presence of oxygen.


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but did not emit substantial amounts of carbon monoxide and toxic volatile organic compounds. The level of secondhand exposure to nicotine depended on the e-cigarette brand.


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#Toxic substances in banana plants kill root pestsbananas are a major food staple for about 400 million people in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia Africa and Latin america.

Lipid droplets containing the active compounds visible in the nematodethe toxic effect of anigorufone and other substances was tested on living nematodes.

which was most toxic to the pest organism. By using imaging techniques the researchers were able to visualize the plant toxin within the body of the roundworm.

This could help to minimize the excessive use of highly toxic pesticides in banana plantations


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One has assumed always previously that these residues were per se toxic. This is why pesticides that form more than 70%bound residues are no longer in compliance today.

i e. whether or not they really are toxic or what chemical structures they have hidden could not yet been evaluated.


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and plant roots killed 100%of sample breast cancer cells without toxic side effects on normal cells.


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The new research from the Universities of Leicester Sussex and Cambridge examines how locusts associate odours with nutritious or toxic food.

and they avoid eating toxic plants; but gregarious locusts eat these plants to'impregnate'themselves with toxins to deter predators.

Locusts should consider toxic food'bad 'while they live alone but'good'when they are in a swarm

When we presented solitary locusts with an unfamiliar odour together with toxic food they assigned it an aversive('bad')value.

and eat toxic plants to defend itself against predators. Then we asked if a solitary locust has learned already about an odour

so they will give the toxic plants another try. And because they can no longer form aversive memories any food is now rewarding

This is how they re-train themselves to eat the toxic plants. It would be great to be able to do this experiment in the field

And if you train solitary locusts with toxic food and vanilla they will also go to lemon.


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During this growth the fungus produces substances that are toxic and lethal to the tick.

Included on the EU's positive listbipesco 5 with the active ingredient Metarhizium has been tested for toxicity in relation to animals


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#Common bioindicator resistant to insecticidesin a novel study a University of Oklahoma researcher and collaborators found a common bioindicator Hyalella azteca used to test the toxicity of water

when used to test the toxicity of water and sediment. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Oklahoma.


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Innate immune responses occur in subjects exposed to a foreign substance such as a pathogen or a toxic material like venom for the first time.

So the researchers believe the response could be generalized to different types of toxic venoms. Our findings support the hypothesis that this kind of venom-specific Ige-associated adaptive immune response developed at least in evolutionary terms to protect the host against potentially toxic amounts of venom such as would happen

if the animal encountered a whole nest of bees or in the event of a snakebite said Stephen Galli MD professor and chair of pathology and the co-senior author of the study.

whether Ige responses also protect humans from the toxic effects of arthropod or reptile venom but it would be unthinkable to test lethal doses of venom in humans.

and potentially toxic food that existed for much of our evolutionary history said Galli. And so we're left with this residual type of reactivity that seems completely mysterious and pointless and harmful.

This is the first evidence that we know of indicating that Ige-associated'allergic-type'immune responses can actually reduce the toxicity of naturally occurring venoms.


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As the gold is likely to be toxic to the plant it's moved to the leaves


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and are toxic to fish shellfish and other organisms. In mammals these compounds can cause gene disruption


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and safer for farm workerssince 1996 corn containing a gene that allows it to create a protein that is toxic to certain insects yet safe for human consumption has been grown in the United states


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which were effective but left toxic residue for human consumption. However this can be substituted by an ozone system that ventilates the grains for 48 hours.


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Our study examined the toxic effects of selenium at multiple life stages of the honey bee

Slightly higher concentrations however are toxic. Several insect species suffer toxic effects from feeding on Se-contaminated food.

In the case of the honey bee Se enters the body through ingestion of contaminated pollen and nectar.

In the United states the well-established toxicity of Se to wildlife and humans has resulted in this element being regulated by the Toxic Substances Control Act and the Clean Water Act.


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Indeed perhaps somewhat alarmingly the amount of iron that was produced reached levels that are toxic to many crops


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a toxic protein produced in its leaves and stems which kills pests in a matter of days.

Bt maize and resistance developmentgenetically engineered maize is created by introducing a gene into the plant genome that expresses a toxic protein from a bacterium i e.


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Based on these results we do not expect the trace amounts of pyrethroids in sewage treatment plant effluent to be toxic to even the most sensitive aquatic life.

which are more acutely toxic to birds and mammals with uses that include home insect control insect-repellant clothing dog and cat flea shampoos mosquito control and agriculture.


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#Australian tarantula venom contains novel insecticide against agricultural pestsspider venoms are usually toxic when injected into prey

The small protein named orally active insecticidal peptide-1 (OAIP-1) was found to be highly toxic to insects that consumed it with potency similar to that of the synthetic insecticide imidacloprid.


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and should not have the toxicity concerns that exist for DEET. Burlingame who is with Allylix Inc. a renewable-chemical firm in Lexington Ky. spoke at a symposium entitled Biopesticides:

and are less toxic to humans than conventional pesticides said James N. Seiber Ph d. of the University of California Davis. He co-organized the symposium with Aaron Gross and Joel Coats Ph d. both of Iowa


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and smoke contain lower levels of four toxic metals than cigarette tobacco and smoke. It was part of the 246th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS.

and our studies on toxic metals in hookah smoke are taking the first steps toward the necessary animal

Other differences in hookah vs. cigarette smoking complicate any interpretation of the health implications of the lower levels of toxic metals in hookah smoke noted Caruso


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In excess it can cause ammonia toxicity and algal blooms altering water quality and harming aquatic life.


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and oxygen is toxic to nitrogenase the enzyme needed to fix nitrogen. This is why most organisms that fix nitrogen work in an anaerobic (oxygenless) environment.


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#Toxic nanoparticles might be entering human food supplyover the last few years the use of nanomaterials for water treatment food packaging pesticides cosmetics

because we do not know the toxicity of the nanoparticles. Our goal is to detect identify

and quantify these nanoparticles in food and food products and study their toxicity as soon as possible. Lin and his colleagues including MU scientists Azlin Mustapha


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The fuel is toxic but higher concentrations will drive down the cost of isolating the fuel.


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which is available all year round but highly toxic. When food was plentiful gemsbok specialised exclusively on grasses and more ephemeral succulent species. In contrast springboks fed on a higher proportion of shrubs and trees than grasses and succulent plants irrespective of environmental conditions.

Gemsbok seem to be well adapted to the toxic effects of special plants growing in dry regions


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#Sugar toxic to mice in safe doses, test findswhen mice ate a diet of 25 percent extra sugar--the mouse equivalent of a healthy human diet plus three cans of soda daily--females died at twice the normal rate

and reproduce according to a toxicity test developed at the University of Utah. Our results provide evidence that added sugar consumed at concentrations currently considered safe exerts dramatic adverse impacts on mammalian health the researchers say in a study set for online publication Tuesday Aug 13 in the journal

The new toxicity test placed groups of mice in room-sized pens nicknamed mouse barns with multiple nest boxes--a much more realistic environment than small cages allowing the mice to compete more naturally for mates

and desirable territories and thereby revealing subtle toxic effects on their performance Potts says. This is a sensitive test for health

The study says the need for a sensitive toxicity test exists not only for components of our diet

and for toxicology where shockingly few compounds receive critical or long-term toxicity testing. The study was funded by the National institutes of health and the National Science Foundation.

or OPA--uses mice in a more natural ecological context more likely to reveal toxic effects of whatever is being tested he says.

Human-made toxic substances in the environment potentially affect all of us and more are discovered continually Potts says.

and sensitive test to screen the potential toxic substances that are being released into the environment or in our drugs or our food supply.


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Phytosanitary products are toxic for the environment and potentially for the user as well. Using biological pesticides that rapidly degrade in the environment would reduce the risks of pollution.


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so we can easily address future human health risks with proper mitigation strategies Results of this study will not only help to understand the toxic effects caused by this human carcinogen


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#Widely used pesticide toxic to honeybeesforthcoming research in the journal Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry analyzes the physiological effects of three separate pesticides on honey bees (Apis mellifera.

Deltamethrin fipronil and spinosad widely used pesticides in agriculture and home pest control were applied to healthy honeybees and proved toxic to some degree irrespective of dosage.


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He also studied the structure of the tomato peels to assess their efficiency as biomaterials to remove toxic metal ions and organic pollutants from water.


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#RNA-interference pesticides will need special safety testingstandard toxicity testing is inadequate to assess the safety of a new technology with potential for creating pesticides

and insect-resistant crops based on RNA interference now in exploratory development may have to be tested under elaborate procedures that assess effects on animals'whole life cycles rather than by methods that look for short-term toxicity.


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For this reason researchers at the University of Santiago de compostela compared the mineral and toxic elements of organic and conventional milk taken from over thirty farms located in the northeast of the Iberian peninsula.

although no differences were found in the quantity of toxic compounds such as cadmium which were detected also in very low concentrations.


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The chemical-specific changes in the soil microbial community generated a negative feedback on crop growth the scientists said noting that the chemicals also would have a direct toxic effect on other plants.


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now a University of Florida entomologist wants to improve the netting by coating it with insecticide toxic only to mosquitoes.

Though they were less toxic to mosquitoes than commercial products the experimental compounds were far more selective indicating researchers are on the right track he said.

The compounds we're using are not very toxic to honeybees fish and mammals but we need to refine them further make them more toxic to mosquitoes

and safer for nontarget organisms he said. Funding for the project came from a five-year $3. 6 million grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases part of the National institutes of health.


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because the size and placement of its lamps suggest that it is using light to mimic toxic luminescent click beetles.


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and we believe they are less toxic for patients result in less biohazardous waste for the environment

So far researchers have observed no toxicity in the patients who orally took the anti-inflammatory agent curcumin encapsulated in grapefruit nanoparticles.


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These measures have been taken in response to evidence that neonicotinoids are toxic to honeybees and are contributing to the decline of bee colonies.

Problems seen with constant exposurean Eawag study published today in the journal PLOS ONE (Public library of Science) now shows that at least one of the insecticides in this class also has toxic effects on freshwater invertebrates.

Failure of conventional toxicity testingthe slow starvation effect observed under constant exposure to low levels of neonicotinoids is detected not by conventional toxicity tests as they are carried not out over a period of several weeks.


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#Poultry drug increases levels of toxic arsenic in chicken meatchickens likely raised with arsenic-based drugs result in chicken meat that has higher levels of inorganic arsenic a known carcinogen according to a new study


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Similar to the many studies that indicate tobacco use might reduce risk of Parkinson's our findings also suggest a protective effect from nicotine or perhaps a similar but less toxic chemical in peppers and tobacco.


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This toxic mix of circumstances affecting a tiny fly threatens to shoot down the Rambo root bringing the misery of food insecurity to vast swathes of Africa.


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Other precautions include treating irrigation water with chemicals toxic to fish and amphibians and setting poisoned bait for rodents.


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He argues that we should not allow farmers spray a toxic soup of chemicals onto their crops.

If neonicotinoids are the least toxic then we should go with them. He says governments have underfunded this research area partly


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Sacerdote-Velat and King's research has found that emodin is toxic to amphibian embryos disrupting their development preventing hatching.

Whilst this study specifically found emodin to detrimentally impact development of two species of frogs Western chorus frogs and African clawed frog (a common test species for environmental toxicity studies) Sacerdote-Velat and King


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and fuel demandsnew discoveries of the way plants transport important substances across their biological membranes to resist toxic metals

and resist toxic substances like salt and aluminum said Julian Schroeder a professor of biology at UC San diego who brought together 11 other scientists from Australia Japan Mexico Taiwan the U s

When soils are acidic aluminum ions are freed in the soil resulting in toxicity to the plant the scientists write.

From their recent findings the plant biologists now understand how transport proteins control processes that allow roots to tolerate toxic aluminum.


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The advantages of silicon include the long-term stability sufficiency low cost and non-toxicity of the element as well as the advanced production technology.


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To evaluate the protective effects of berries on brain function specifically the ability of the brain to clear toxic accumulation researchers from the Human Nutrition Research center on Aging at Tufts University

which the brain clears toxic accumulations. Most diseases of the brain such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's have shown an increased amount of toxic protein Berries seem to promote autophagy the brain's natural housekeeping mechanism thereby reducing the toxic accumulation said Poulose.

The researchers are currently conducting a human study in older people ages 60-75. We have a lot of animal work that suggests these compounds will protect the aged brain and reverse some of behavioral deficits.


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In addition to delivering toxic substances from the charcoal and tobacco the heat causes chemical reactions in the mixture which produce toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS).

Some PAHS are highly carcinogenic and can cause lung cancer. Intake of nicotine the addictive component of tobacco was less with water pipe use.

and excrete toxic substances so for a better comparison the researchers had the same person smoke cigarettes and a water pipe on different days.


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Dooley started off to examine the toxic effects of hydrogen sulfide on plants but mistakenly used only one-tenth the amount of the toxin he had intended.


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For example when gypsy moth caterpillars consume foliage high in certain toxic compounds transmission of viruses between the caterpillars is reduced facilitating moth outbreaks.


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Using in vitro studies they are completing key research to better understand how nanogumbos can be tuned to be selectively toxic to cancer cells and nontoxic to normal cells.

We have a material that is normally toxic to both cancer cells and normal cells Warner explained.


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and the accompanying dehydration direct toxic effects of the body's breakdown of alcohol into acetaldehyde and toxic effects of substances called congeners that are present in darkly colored liquor like scotch and bourbon.


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Their study which includes molecular evidence that sorghum lacks the proteins toxic to people with celiac disease appears in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

whether sorghum contains those toxic gluten proteins. They describe evidence from an analysis of the recently published sorghum genome the complete set of genes in the plant


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Published in the journal Environmental Pollution the Pitt study finds that bumblebees are at risk of ingesting toxic amounts of metals like aluminum

Although many metals are required by living organisms in small amounts they can be toxic to both plants


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Together the researchers expressed concerns about the use of pesticides that target the same area of the brain of insects and the potential risk of toxicity to non-target insects.


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#In triplicate, genes make maize tolerant to toxic soilrendering some of the world's toxic soils far less unfriendly the U s. Department of agriculture Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research

In this effort when plant scientists searched the maize genome for clues as to why some plants can tolerate toxic aluminum in soil they found three copies of the same gene known to affect aluminum tolerance according to new USDA/Cornell-led research.

Aluminum toxicity comes close to rivaling drought as a food security threat in critical tropical food-producing regions.

Acidic soils dissolve aluminum from clays in the soil making it toxic to plant roots in half the world's arable lands.


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#Toxicity map of brain may help protect cognition for cancer patientsnew research from Wake Forest Baptist Medical center is giving radiation oncologists who treat brain tumors a better understanding of how to preserve the brain's functions while still killing cancer.

Radiation treatment of organs with cancer is designed to give enough of a dose to be toxic to the cancer tumor with minimal impact to the surrounding tissue

However the same isn't true for brain tissue so the researchers worked to develop a toxicity map of the brain to preserve function.

The issue is the toxicity to the brain and its function which is cognition or how you think

The toxicity map was created by taking advantage of data from larger clinical trials held at Wake Forest Baptist.

Participants completed cognitive testing upon enrollment and their scores provided the performance data for the toxicity map.

and be able to predict the threshold that we need to maintain to prevent treatment toxicities in function Peiffer said.


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and other plants produce toxic substances termed mycotoxins. Some health experts regard mycotoxins as the most serious chronic dietary risk factor greater than the potential health threats from pesticides and insecticides.

and ZEN releasing the original toxic forms. For this reason masked mycotoxins should be considered when evaluating population exposure the study concludes.


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Haris and his team have demonstrated already that exposure to the more toxic inorganic arsenic species is greater in people who eat more rice.


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but relatively uncommon to take in too much zinc to reach toxic levels. His lab is continuing to study the NF-Î B pathway inflammation and zinc deficiency in other disease processes.


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The results contribute to the controversial debate on plant toxicity of nanoparticles and whether engineered nanoparticles can enter into the food chain.

At the same time their high reactivity has raised concerns about their fate transport and toxicity in the environment.


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But earlier work by Barbehenn and his students showed that the toxicity of maple leaves may prevent this strategy from working.


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These toxic compounds are increased with reuse of oil and increased length of frying time. Foods cooked with high heat also contain high levels of advanced glycation endproducts or AGES


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#Magnetic levitation tissues could speed toxicity testsin a development that could lead to faster and more effective toxicity tests for airborne chemicals scientists from Rice university and the Rice spinoff company Nano3d Biosciences have used magnetic levitation to grow some of the most realistic lung tissue ever produced in a laboratory.

The research is part of an international trend in biomedical engineering to create laboratory techniques for growing tissues that are virtually identical to those found in people's bodies.

Souza said bronchiole tissue could solve another problem that's frequently encountered in testing the toxicity of airborne agents.

which is what you'd prefer for toxicity testing he said. With our technology we can easily levitate the bronchiole tissue to the air-liquid interface


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