but are fermented instead by intestinal bacteria into short-chain fatty acids such as propionate and butyrate which can in fact be assimilated by our bodies.
and evilto safely use bacteria in agriculture to help fertilize crops it is vital to understand the difference between harmful and healthy strains.
The bacterial genus Burkholderia for example includes dangerous disease-causing pathogens--one species has even been listed as a potential bioterrorist agent
We have shown that a certain group of Burkholderia which have just been discovered in the last 12 years as plant-growth promoting bacteria are said not pathogenic the study's senior author Ann Hirsch a professor of molecular cell and developmental biology in the UCLA College of Letters and Science.
This opens up the possibility of using these particular species for promoting plant growth through the process of nitrogen fixation particularly in areas of climate change.
which helpful bacteria that have entered the roots of plants convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into ammonia
The findings of Hirsch and her colleagues indicate that several recently discovered Burkholderia species including Burkholderia tuberum could be used--cautiously--in nitrogen fixing.
These species the scientists discovered lack those genes that make other Burkholderia species harmful agents of infection.
Bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia such as Burkholderiaare critical for plant growth said Hirsch whose laboratory studies many aspects of the complex symbiosis between plants and bacteria.
We're especially interested in these recently described Burkholderia species because they are found primarily in the dry and acidic soils of the Southern hemisphere making them potentially important for agriculture in less productive areas.
For their study the UCLA life scientists performed a bioinformatics analysis of four symbiotic Burkholderia species all of
Unlike their dangerous cousins the four symbiotic Burkholderia species did not have associated genes with the virulence systems found in the pathogenic species. Burkholderia were discovered first as plant pathogens in 1949 by Walter Burkholder who identified them as the agent causing
Later Burkholderia species were identified as the causative agent of the disease melioidosis a public health threat especially in tropical countries like Thailand and in parts of Australia.
Other Burkholderia belong to the Burkholderia cepacia complex a group of related bacteria that are not true pathogens
Although some members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex have been used to protect plants from dangerous fungal infections their potential to cause infection has resulted in severe limits on their use in agriculture.
It wasn't until many decades after Burkholder's discovery that closely related Burkholderia species were found to enter plant roots not as pathogens
which the bacteria provide nitrogen fertilizer to the plant. Bacteria that cause the formation of these nodules in legumes such as soybeans alfalfa and peanuts are crucial to sustainable agricultural systems Hirsch said.
Although the nodulating symbiotic species of Burkholderia are related to the more dangerous species a detailed analysis of their evolutionary relationships published earlier this year by Hirsch
and her colleagues showed that the two groups have a distinct evolutionary lineage. The harmful Burkholderia species are more resistant to antibiotics than the symbiotic and agricultural strains.
In addition to the bioinformatics analysis in the current study the team analyzed resistance to a panel of common antibiotics and tested the potential of different Burkholderia species to cause infection in laboratory conditions.
Experiments testing the potential of the four symbiotic species to cause infection in the small nematode worm known as Caenorhabditis elegans
and in human cells grown in culture verified the bioinformatics analysis showing that the bacteria were not harmful.
and home gardens just like currently used nitrogen-fixing bacteria Hirsch said. Our goal is to have discovered these newly nitrogen-fixing bacteria be used for a more sustainable approach to agriculture in the future.
Co-authors of the PLOS ONE research included Annette Angus and Christina Agapakis UCLA postdoctoral scholars in Hirsch's laboratory;
Gut bacteria ferment the dietary fibers contained in them and fatty acids enter the blood as a result influencing the immune response in the lungs.
We are now showing for the first time that the influence of gut bacteria extends much further namely up to the lungs says Marsland His team
First the fibers reach the intestine where they are fermented by bacteria and transformed into short-chain fatty acids.
#Alternative to yogurtresearchers at the Universitat Politã cnica de Valã ncia have obtained new products fermented with probiotic bacteria from grains and nuts
and viability of probiotic bacteria for the lifetime of the product especially after their intake says Chelo Gonzã¡
Super bug bacteria in meat and poultry, study saysif you grab chicken or some other meat from the grocery store,
researchers discovered that an alarming percentage of the meat was contaminated with multi-drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus,
a bacteria linked to a number of human conditions. The meat and poultry came from 26 stores from the following cities:
Los angeles, Chicago, Fort lauderdale, Flagstaff and Washington, D c. Meat and poultry inspectors usually look for many types of multi-drug-resistant bacteria,
but staph is overlooked often times. The bacteria can cause skin infections and can lead to more serious illnesses such as pneumonia and sepsis.
Here's a summary of what the study, published in the journal Clinical Infectious diseases, found:
half of the meat sold in grocery stores are contaminated with S. aureus one in four samples were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics methicillin-resistant staph was found in three of the samples the staph are resistant to up to
The New york times reports that federal health officials estimate that staph accounts for less than 3 percent of all food-borne illnesses.
Businessweek reports staph infections occur only three percent of the time and are not nearly as common as other foodborne illnesses like salmonella and E coli.
Still the study highlights a risky farming practice that began nearly 50 years ago. The researchers suggested that the super bug likely made its way into the food chain
Studies as far back as 1976 have shown a link between antibiotics and the spread of drug resistant bacteria in humans, reports Wired.
When the permafrost thaws, the organic material trapped in it is consumed by bacteria. If there is air in the area,
oxygen-breathing bacteria will break down the organic matter and the carbon will enter the air as carbon dioxide.
then another type of bacteria (methanogens) will break it down, releasing the carbon into the atmosphere as methane.
Bioluminescent bacteria may soon provide lighting, free of electricity from the grid. Bacteria attached to walls will grow in decorative patterns
and turn colors when certain pollutants are introduced. English physician and synthetic biologist Rachel Armstrong and architect Neil Spiller
and may reduce risk of diseases such as salmonella. 5.)UN considers U s a major ethanol offender.
resource control and competition Bioengineering e coli to turn seaweed into fuel Fatty foods cause brain scarring, study shows
which means a longer shelf life (these chemicals kill pathogenic bacteria) and also a faster cheese-ripening process (they kill off the milk's beneficial bacteria sooner).
Human breast milk gives human babies unique immunological defenses that they can't get from other animal's milk.
bacterial and fungal-driven browning will still show up to let us know the fruit's gone bad.
but the usual suspects (viruses and bacterial infections) didn't have anything to do with the poor health of the trees.
Genes that code for pheromone biosynthesis were injected into the tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana via bacteria cultures (pictured.
you have heightened risk for bacterial infections and other diseases in the bees that could require burning entire hives.
including the Lyme spirochete, West Nile virus, and Hanta viruses. Recent studies suggest that contact with nature can have positive effects on our mental health.
percent of bacteria that cause waterborne disease. Â The filter lasts 200 days for a family of five.
One is looking at virulents of salmonella to develop a salmonella vaccine; And one looks at the jatropha plant,
the bacterial decay starts burning oxygen up. The waterways become oxygen-deficient, and that has a negative effect on all animal life.
Startup turns landfill-bound plastics into oil E coli bacteria that eats switchgrass to make fuel Dead people power:
by definition, probiotics are bacteria. How do you make sure those grow, but the bad bacteria don't?
Are probiotics a direction we might want to go into and, if so, are there shelf-stable products that already have probiotics in them?
We find that over time biochar also creates an ideal environment for microorganisms to live, things like fungi and bacteria.
and salt water (the salt keeps the pathogenic microorganisms at bay as well as enabling the enzymes, some beneficial bacteria and various strains of yeast to flourish).
there are a billion of bacteria, most of them are yet to be named, some of those bacteria are nitrogen lovers,
and they make that nitrogen available to plants...others are methane lovers and they take methane from the atmosphere,
if the milk has been left outside the fridge for long enough for bacteria to form.
Mass producing medicines in GM plants uses lower-cost tech than those of biopharmaceuticals made in huge stainless steel fermentation vats containing bacteria or mammalian cells.
Some 95 percent of beets grown in the U s. carry the Monsanto bacterial gene that resists the herbicide glyphosate, present in Roundup Ready.
The crops contain a bacterial gene that allows them to withstand spraying with Roundup or its generic equivalents, known as glyphosate.
E coli bacteria that eats switchgrass to make fuel How do you solve a problem like next-gen biofuels?
partner with DSM Bioengineering e coli to turn seaweed into fuel Next-gen biofuels in 2012:
if their food is contaminated with pathogenic bacteria and excessive amounts of drug residue by identifying more than 60 varieties of chemicals, reported China's official Xinhua news agency.
in the lab. They did this by engineering a strain of  E coli bacteria to produce the sugar for them, quickly and cheaply.
Bioengineering e coli to turn seaweed into fuel Fed-backed Range Fuels sells plant for pennies on the dollar Chemical giant BASF invests in biomass-to-sugar startup Next-gen biofuels in 2012:
because it affects your gut bacteria which is very important but no one is certain yet
which can be harmful to the bacteria used in the fermentation process. In a statement CEO Rick Wilson says:
The banana peel can't get rid of bacteria in water so don't strap one around your faucet just yet
A team from National Yang-Ming University in Taiwan conceived a bacterium that can do the work of a failed kidney;
Tito Jankowski, now a member of DIYBIO, became interested in toolmaking for biohackers after taking part in igem with a team from Brown University that had set itself the goal of modifying bacteria to detect lead in water.
or bacterial infection or in those individuals undergoing dialysis for kidney failure. Clinical trials at the US National Cancer Institute and other world centers have indicated that Astragalus can strengthen immunity
and bacteria are the two most important biofuel technologies of the 21st century. As a replacement for oil, algae is extremely practical,
Coskata, which is backed by General motors and other investors, uses bacteria to convert almost any organic material, from corn husks (but not the corn itself) to municipal trash, into ethanol."
Coskata pumps it into a reactor containing bacteria that consume the gas and excrete ethanol.
Gasification and bacterial conversion are common methods of producing ethanol, but biofuel experts said Coskata is the first to combine them.
merges the feedstock flexibility of gasification with the relatively low cost of bacterial conversion. Tobey said Coskata's method generates more ethanol per ton of feedstock than corn-based ethanol
However, these products develop drug-resistant bacteria and may be harmful to human beings who consume the produce and poultry.
Dr Kok said Orgacids was proven to be able to kill bacteria like Salmonella, E coli and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus in the livestock digestive system. oesalmonella will be cured within two to three weeks after the chicken is fed with Orgacids
and the ammonia level of its faeces will drop within three days, he added
Device that harvests water from thin air wins the James Dyson Awardyoung Melbourne-based inventor Edward Linacre has won the 2011 James Dyson Award,
Detecting a bacterial breast infection called mastitis, and measuring fat, protein and lactose levels allow the farmer to monitor the quality of their milk.
In a period of ten weeks the team created a bacteria, Auxin, that they believed would be useful in solving desertification
They engineered E coli bacteria to contain sets of genes with growth hormone and also with malate, a root detector.
The bacteria were able to swim towards roots, become absorbed by the roots, and then release hormones to stimulate growth.
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