New research suggests hard-hitting graphic tobacco warnings may help smokers of diverse backgrounds who are struggling to quit.
and Prevention Tobacco Control Act--play a lifesaving role in highlighting the dangers of smoking and encouraging smokers to quit.
Interventions that have a positive impact on reducing smoking among the general population have often proven ineffective in reaching disadvantaged groups worsening tobacco-related health disparities said Jennifer Cantrell Drph MPA
and Assistant Director for Research and Evaluation at Legacy a national public health foundation devoted to reducing tobacco use in the U s. It's critical to examine the impact of tobacco policies such as warning labels across demographic groups.
Given the disproportionate burden of tobacco-related disease faced by the poor and minorities mandating strong pictorial warnings is an effective and efficient way to communicate the risk of tobacco use.
The new study published January 14 2013 in the journal PLOS ONE examined reactions to cigarette warning labels from more than 3300 smokers.
The implementation of graphic warning labels appears to be one of the few tobacco control policies that have the potential to reduce communication inequalities across groups Cantrell said.
Tobacco use is a social justice issue added Donna Vallone Phd Senior vice president for Research and Evaluation at Legacy.
and suffer disproportionately from tobacco's health consequences studies like this show us that graphic warning labels can help us reach these subgroups in a more effective way ultimately saving more lives.
#Giant tobacco plants that stay young forevertobacco plants bloom when they are just a few months old
The life of tobacco plants is short. They grow for around three to four months followed by flowering and then die.
Now researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular biology and Applied Ecology IME in MÃ nster have located the tobacco plant's very own fountain of youth
The first of our tobacco plants is now almost eight years old but it still just keeps on growing
Whereas in normal tobacco plants the leaves which grow from the bottom of the stem soon turn yellow
Passive smoking also known as'secondhand'smoke or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is known to cause serious cardiovascular
According to the World health organization (WHO) nearly 80 percent of the more than one billion smokers worldwide live in low-and middle-income countries where the burden of tobacco-related illness
China is the largest consumer of tobacco in the world with 350 million smokers. Since 2006 the Chinese government has promoted actively the introduction of smoke-free environments in hospitals schools on public transport
Recent data show that the prevalence of passive smoking is still high with over 50 percent of people exposed to environmental tobacco smoke on a daily basis. China also has the highest number of dementia sufferers in the world with increasing
and in the follow up in 2007-08 for ETS exposure and dementia further excluded the possibility that dementia syndromes caused people to be exposed more to environmental tobacco smoke.
& Dementia on the links between passive smoking and Alzheimer's disease strengthen the case for public health measures to protect people from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.'
More campaigns against tobacco exposure in the general population will help decrease the risk of severe dementia syndromes
Expenditure on media campaigns from government and industry and lobbying by the industry most effectively influences consumers'consumption of tobacco
In the USA tobacco and environmental taxation on electricity and petroleum is an important component in explaining problems with consumption.
From analysis of US data there is a large signaling effect seen for tobacco electricity and petroleum taxation.
Tobacco and petroleum advertising and lobbying is an issue that often ends up as a blind spot says Erik Brockwell who also investigates the effect of the state's effort to reduce consumption
--A fascinating result is that for tobacco consumers appear resistant to industry media advertising from the tobacco industry in the United states where consumers consume less.
#Tobacco use associated with increased risk of oral HPV-16 infectionstudy participants who reported tobacco use
or had higher levels of biomarkers of tobacco exposure had a higher prevalence of the sexually transmitted infection oral human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) according to a study in the October 8 JAMA a theme issue
Carole Fakhry M d. M p h. of the Johns hopkins university School of medicine Baltimore and colleagues investigated associations between objective biomarkers reflective of all current tobacco exposures (environmental smoking and use of smokeâ less tobacco
Computer-assisted self-interviews were used to ascertain self-reported tobacco use and sexual behaviors. Selfâ reported tobacco use for the past 5 days included any nicotineâ containing product.
Biomarkers of recent tobacco use included serum cotinine a major nicotine metabolite and urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)- 1-(3-pyridyl)- 1-butanol (NNAL) a tobaccoâ specific carcinogenic metabolite.
This analysis included 6887 NHANES participants of whom 2012 (28.6 percent) were current tobacco users and 63 (1. 0 percent) had oral HPV-16 detected.
Self-reported and biological measures of tobacco exposure as well as oral sexual behavior were associated significantly with prevalent oral HPV-16 infection.
These findings highlight the need to evaluate the role of tobacco in the natural history of oral HPV-16 infection
and acetone and also found in fuel products and tobacco smoke; and the wood preservative mixture pentachlorophenol.
People can also be exposed outside the workplace through sources such as tobacco smoke. Three substances added to the new report as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenthe chemical 1-bromopropane is a colorless to pale yellow liquid used as a solvent in many commercial industries.
and petroleum and is found in tobacco smoke. It is used primarily to make acetone and phenol.
The answer depends on how confident you are in your ability to quit according to a study led by researchers at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and published in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research.
The study found that gain-framed messages--those that stressed the benefits in quitting such as quitting smoking reduces the risk of death due to tobacco--were more effective for smokers who believed quitting would be Hard on the other hand loss-framed messages--the ones
Most of the warnings used now on tobacco packages in the U s . and worldwide are framed loss messages
The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act authorized the U s. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to regulate tobacco products and required new pictorial labels for cigarette packs.
Tobacco industry lawsuits however have delayed implementing the new pictorial warning labels and in 2012 the U s. Court of appeals struck down the nine pictorial warnings proposed by the agency.
#WHO-commissioned report on e-cigarettes misleading, say expertsworld leading tobacco experts argue that a recently published World health organization (WHO)- commissioned review of evidence on e-cigarettes contains important errors misinterpretations
However THE WHO's approach will make it harder to bring these products to market than tobacco products inhibit innovation
Professor Peter Hajek co-author from the Tobacco Dependence Research Unit at Queen Mary University of London says:
and consultant In public Health and Tobacco dependence in France and Honorary Lecturer at the University of Nottingham says:
and have the most important public health impact in the history of tobacco use. The paper follows an editorial published this week in The british Journal of General Practice by public health experts from UCL who also argue that public health messages about e-cigarettes should be based on facts and not prejudice.
They estimate that for every million smokers who switch from tobacco to e-cigarettes over 6000 premature deaths would be prevented each year in the UK.
Australia was the first country in the world to introduce standardised packaging for tobacco products in December 2012.
if the policy would deter people from buying their tobacco from small independent retailers prompt a rise in the availability of cheap products sourced from Asia and increase the use of illicitly traded tobacco as predicted by the tobacco industry.
They therefore quizzed adult smokers on the phone about their tobacco purchasing habits a year before the plain packaging policy was introduced in 2011;
and whether smokers had switched to very cheap cigarettes sourced from Asia or illicit unbranded tobacco.
They showed no change in the places smokers usually bought their tobacco from between 2011 and 2013.
Almost two thirds of respondents said they bought their tobacco from supermarkets in 2011 (65.4%)and in 2013 65.7%).
just over 9%said they bought their tobacco in these outlets in 2012 and just over 11%said they did so in 2013.
%.And use of illicit unbranded tobacco didn't increase either: this was 2. 3%in 2011 and 1. 9%in 2013.
and her colleagues with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found that youth who have touched never even a regular tobacco cigarette
users National Youth Tobacco Survey 2011-2013 published in the journal Nicotine and Tobacco Research.
The data comes from the 2011 2012 and 2013 National Youth Tobacco surveys of middle and high school students.
Preventing youth from initiating tobacco use and becoming nicotine dependence requires taking an upstream approach--that's why understanding the factors that influence intention to use cigarettes among youth who have smoked never cigarettes is critical in preventing the onset of tobacco use Dube said.
In addition exposure to pro-tobacco advertising was associated with the intention to smoke among U s. middle
and high school students who reported never smoking. We have to continue to focus on the fact that youth are still developing
and conventional tobacco cigarettes are used exactly the same way making it difficult for children and youth to tell them apart she continued.
Youth exposure to e-cigarette use and pro-tobacco messaging creates an environment that can potentially undermine a half-century long effort to change social norms thereby making youth susceptible to use cigarettes.
#American Heart Association issues e-cigarette recommendationsthe American Heart Association issued new policy recommendations today on the use of e-cigarettes and their impact on tobacco-control efforts.
Based on the current evidence the association's position is that e-cigarettes that contain nicotine are tobacco products
Over the last 50 years 20 million Americans died because of tobacco. We are committed fiercely to preventing the tobacco industry from addicting another generation of smokers said Nancy Brown CEO of the American Heart Association.
Recent studies raise concerns that e-cigarettes may be a gateway to traditional tobacco products for the nation's youth
E-cigarettes have caused a major shift in the tobacco-control landscape said Aruni Bhatnagar Ph d. FAHA lead author
and Drug Administration's proposed tobacco oversight rule the association recommends strict laws that curb the intense marketing
Hence we urge the agency to release the tobacco deeming rule by the end of this year.
Another key recommendation examines e-cigarettes in tobacco-cessation counseling. The statement points to the lack of evidence establishing e-cigarettes as a primary smoking-cessation aid.
or some other tobacco product said association President Elliott Antman M d. Every life that has been lost to tobacco addiction could have been prevented.
We must protect future generations from any potential smokescreens in the tobacco product landscape that will cause us to lose precious ground in the fight to make our nation 100 percent tobacco-free.
because all hospitals are now smoke-free requiring patients to abstain temporarily from tobacco use. The major challenge for hospitals in providing evidenceâ based care is identifying how to sustain tobacco treatment after discharge according to background information in the article.
Nancy A. Rigotti M d. of Massachusetts General Hospital Boston and colleagues randomly assigned 397 hospitalized daily smokers (average age 53 years) who wanted to quit smoking after discharge to sustained or standard tobacco
treatment care. Sustained care participants (n=198) received automated interactive voice response telephone calls and their choice of free smoking cessation medication (any type approved by the U s. Food and Drug
The researchers found that more participants in the sustained care group than in the standard care group achieved the primary outcome of biochemically confirmed past 7-day tobacco abstinence (using saliva samples to measure a nicotine metabolite) at 6-month follow-up
This trial demonstrated the effectiveness of a program to promote long-term tobacco cessation among hospitalized cigarette smokers who received an inpatient tobacco dependence intervention
The intervention aimed to sustain the tobacco cessation treatment that had begun in the hospital. It succeeded in improving the use of both counseling
and it increased by 71 percent the proportion of patients with biochemically confirmed tobacco abstinence 6 months after discharge
#Study identifies EU policy shift on tobacco control after massive industry lobbyinga study has tracked how the dominance of language that first appeared in tobacco industry's submissions gradually crept into the final drafts of the European tobacco directive passed by the European parliament earlier this year.
Using a word coding technique researchers tracked how the European commission's drafts on tobacco control policy changed markedly between 2010 and 2013 resembling tobacco industry submissions much more than those of health groups in the latter stages.
The research in Tobacco Control published by BMJ was conducted by the University of Oxford London School of Hygiene &tropical Medicine and the University of Bath.
The research team used a form of automated content analysis Wordscores to code the wording of three main drafts of the proposed revision to the European Tobacco Products Directive.
which the different positions on tobacco controls were expressed. This computer-based technique is used widely to code policy positions of party manifestos
and lobbyists but it is thought to be the first time it has been applied to measure the effects of different lobby groups on tobacco control.
The research team scaled Wordscores from 0 reflecting the position of tobacco industry to 1 reflecting the position of tobacco control advocates.
in spite of the fact that all EU countries have signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control a treaty developed to protect policy-making from industry manipulation
The work was funded by the National Institute on Drug abuse of the National institutes of health and the Center for Tobacco Products of the U s. Food and Drug Administration.
Since nothing is burned ECIG vapor does not contain many of the toxins present in tobacco smoke.
but they are present at much lower levels than in tobacco smoke. Concerns have also been raised about the nicotine content of ECIG liquids
while other studies report no acute impairment The effects of inhaled nicotine in ECIG vapor can be similar to that of nicotine in tobacco smoke.
There is some evidence that ECIGS can reduce tobacco abstinence symptoms in cigarette smokers but it's unclear how much this is related to nicotine delivery or to psychological effects.
However research however shows that the societal price of addiction to nicotine is high--tobacco use in the US is implicated in more deaths each year than alcohol and illicit drugs combined.
#High school students in some schools smoking at same rate as adultscuyahoga County high school students are smoking tobacco products at the same rate as adults in the county according to new data from the Prevention
In 2013 more than 22 percent or one in five high school students report use of any tobacco product within the prior 30 days.
More students report cigar use at 15.1 percent than any other tobacco product. The second most common choice is hookah at 10.6 percent
And more often than not kids are using multiple tobacco products smoking both cigarettes and cigars. When we think about smoking we mostly think about cigarettes
But our data show that it's other tobacco products like flavored little cigars that are luring kids into a potential lifetime of tobacco addiction.
while cigarettes are the product of choice for adults adolescent tobacco usage is different and came as a surprise to the researchers and local health officials.
In addition to increased cigar use the surveys show the emergence of hookah use a water pipe often smoked with flavored tobacco.
and of the tobacco products surveyed it saw the largest increase in usage from 2011 to 2013.
From the perspective of the Cuyahoga County Board of Health steps in the right direction to address the youth access obstacle would be raising the price on non-cigarette tobacco products restricting products'common self
and purchasing tobacco products which is against the law for anyone under the age of 18 Shaw added.
Contributions to the access problem include dramatically lower prices of cigar and hookah products adult purchasing products on behalf of minors and tobacco retailers selling products to the minors.
The Cuyahoga County Board of Health conducts tobacco vendor compliance checks of retail stores to determine
30 percent of vendors sold tobacco to 14-17 year-olds and did not ask for any identification.
and hookah products from the Food & Drug Administration's Center for Tobacco Products added Trapl Unlike cigarettes the products don't require ingredient reporting;
The FDA recently proposed a new rule to extend their regulatory authority to cover alternative tobacco products including e-cigarettes cigars pipe tobacco and hookah tobacco.
If enacted FDA would establish standards for these tobacco products establish limits on the sale
#Health risks posed by third hand tobacco smokeresearch led by the University of York has highlighted the potential cancer risk in nonsmokers--particularly young children--of tobacco smoke gases
Until now the risks of this exposure known as'third hand tobacco smoke'have been highly uncertain and not considered in public policy.
and the General Research Directorate of the Government of Catalonia also demonstrates for the first time the widespread presence of tobacco related carcinogens in house dust even in'smoke-free'environments.
The risks of tobacco exposure do not end when a cigarette is extinguished. Nonsmokers especially children are also at risk through contact with surfaces
and its impact should be included in future educational programs and tobacco-related public health policies. Each year 600000 people die worldwide through passive inhalation of environmental tobacco smoke also known as second hand smoke.
As numerous countries have introduced smoking bans in public places the home has become the main source of passive smoking exposure.
The researchers examined exposure to carcinogen N-nitrosamines and tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAS) in the dust samples.
as a result of laboratory studies we have demonstrated for the first time the presence of carcinogenic tobacco-specific compounds such as TSNAS in settled house dust found in a panel of smokers'and nonsmokers'homes.
In a study published online July 16 in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research a team led by Richard A. Grucza Phd reports that suicide rates declined up to 15 percent relative to the national average
From 1990 to 2004 states that adopted aggressive tobacco-control policies saw their suicide rates decrease compared with the national average.
Grucza's team classified each suicide death based on the state where the victim had lived as well as how aggressive that state's tobacco policies were.
Using statistical methods the researchers compared rates of suicide in states with stricter tobacco policies to rates in states with more lenient laws and lower taxes.
They learned that suicide risk among people most likely to smoke was associated with policies related to tobacco taxes and smoking restrictions.
or not likely ever to become a smoker then your suicide risk shouldn't be influenced by tobacco policies Grucza said.
The gravity of tobacco use on global health and the historical behavior of the tobacco industry that has included deceit about the health effects of tobacco intentional marketing to children
and subject to the same evidentiary review of other medicines. â#¢If electronic nicotine delivery devices are regulated not as medicines they should be regulated as tobacco products. â#¢Research supported by sources other than the tobacco
and 35 percent said they thought that fruit used to flavor the tobacco detoxify tobacco's harmful chemicals.
because the tobacco is not addictive and does not contain nicotine. Unfortunately none of those beliefs are true.
It is the only form of tobacco use that is not regulated in the United states and its exemption from clean indoor air legislation such as the California Clean Air Act is contributing to its rapidly growing popularity.
In California alone there are more than 2000 shops that sell hookah tobacco and related products in addition to 175 hookah lounges and cafes and a disproportionate number of them are in Los angeles near universities and colleges.
#Adults with mental illness twice as likely to use tobaccokansas adults with mental illness are twice as likely to use tobacco as adults without mental illness according to a new report by RTI International and funded by the Kansas Health Foundation.
The smoking rate among adults with mental illness remains high despite progress made in tobacco control
As a result people with mental illness are increased at an risk of negative health financial and social outcomes associated with their tobacco use.
and health behaviors and include questions about tobacco use and mental health. The analysis also showed that low-income Kansans with mental illness are more likely to be smokers (40.1 percent.
and tobacco control communities to provide cessation support to individuals with mental illness who use tobacco Brown said.
To address the issue of tobacco use among those with mental illness and the challenges associated with making progress toward a solution the Kansas Health Foundation has launched a new effort to address tobacco use among Kansans with serious mental illness through its Fellows leadership program.
Through the years we've seen significant decreases in the percentage of Americans who smoke
and tobacco control communities. The report can be found online at: http://kansashealth. org/sites/default/files/T%26mi--Final 2. pdfstory Source:
#18%of high school seniors smoke hookah, researchers findwhile cigarette use is declining precipitously among youth evidence indicates that American adolescents are turning to ethnically-linked alternative tobacco products such as hookahs
cigars and various smokeless tobacco products according to a recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC.
Hookah an ancient form of smoking in which charcoal-heated tobacco or non-tobacco based shisha smoke is passed through water before inhalation is rapidly gaining popularity among adolescents in the US.
Tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke are the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality in the US said a study co-author Michael Weitzman MD a professor of Pediatrics and of Environmental Medicine at the NYULMC.
while the use of alternative tobacco products such as hookahs has increased an alarming 123%.%This is especially worrisome given the public misperception that hookahs are a safe alternative to cigarettes
#Quitting smokeless tobacco after heart attack may extend life expectancypeople who stop using smokeless tobacco after a heart attack may extend their life expectancy similar to people who stop smoking according to new research in the American Heart Association journal Circulation.
We didn't expect to see such a strong association among those people who stopped using (smokeless tobacco) said Gabriel Arefalk M d. lead researcher and cardiologist at Uppsala University Hospital in Uppsala Sweden.
For smokeless tobacco we did not know. This may be the first study to examine the impact of smokeless tobacco on death in heart attack survivors.
Researchers analyzed the effect of quitting the use of snus a moist Swedish smokeless powder tobacco kept under the upper lip.
It's a variant of snuff but doesn't need to be spit out. They reviewed data on heart attack survivors younger than 75 in Sweden in 2005-09 and identified 2474 snus users.
After considering factors like age gender other tobacco use occupation and participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program researchers said those who stopped using snus had nearly half the mortality risk similar to the benefit observed with smoking cessation.
and more than 240 new flavours coming to market every month during this period reveals a study published in a special supplement of Tobacco Control.
and Community Tobacco Control Research (SCTC) Initiative funded by the US National Cancer Institute at the National institutes of health and published in the supplement.
Nearly all brands offered tobacco and menthol flavours. The next most popular category of flavour was followed fruit by dessert/candy alcohol/drinks snacks/meals.
The US regulator the Food and Drug Administration has recently categorised e-cigarettes as a tobacco product
The survey published in a June 16 special supplement of the journal Tobacco Control found that 10 new e-cigarette brands entered the Internet marketplace every month on average from 2012 to 2014
tobacco and menthol. The scientists also documented a shift in the marketing of e-cigarettes with newer brands selling customizable e-cigarettes that might look nothing like an old-fashioned tobacco cigarette.
For example some resemble pens flashlights even a violin. The marketing messages also change with the products:
and Preventive medicine and director of the Center for Research and Interventions in Tobacco Control at UC San diego. Smoking-related diseases are the leading cause of preventable death worldwide estimated to be responsible for 6
Although smoking rates among American adults have declined by more than half from 42 percent in 1965 to 18 percent in 2012 tobacco use in the United states is still responsible for nearly one in five deaths according to the American Cancer Society.
E-cigarettes vaporize nicotine the addictive ingredient in tobacco products. They first became available in the U s. in 2007
or worsen public health by reducing tobacco cigarette consumption or provide an alternative way to consume nicotine. â#oesome consider them promising products to help smokers quit traditional cigarettes
and most of these would be owned by tobacco companies. â#oeobviously tobacco companies would be concerned more with protecting cigarette market share than smaller e-cigarette companiesâ#Zhu said.
Cigarettes are the most deadly tobacco product killing half its users. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of California San diego Health Sciences.
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