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Synopsis: Plants: Vegetation & plants: Plant:

British researchers have shown already that tobacco plants engineered to express more SBPASE grew 10%larger in a glasshouse.

#Student in Kenya Invents Solar Powered Forest fire Detector Kenya Forest Services workers use branches to put out a fire at Karura forest in Nairobi.

A Kenyan student has invented a device to automatically detect forest fire outbreaks. The technology, produced by Pascal Katana, a 24-year-old University of Nairobi engineering student,

which suffered widespread forest fires last year as a result of prolonged drought. oe2009 was the worst period for us in terms of fire outbreaks

what we in terms of technology and equipment to fight forest fires, he said. Fires in Kenya last year destroyed 11,370 hectares of bush and forest land.

Noor called the new fire reporting device a potentially useful part of Kenyas effort to keep forest fires in check. oethis is an interesting invention

which the government should support given the damage forest fires do to our ecosystems, he said.

but may have implications for forest fires and human sunburn. oethe problem of light focusing by water droplets adhered to plants has never been investigated thoroughly,

The prevailing opinion is that forest fires can be sparked by intense sunlight focused by water drops on dried-out vegetation.

While the same process could theoretically lead to forest fires if water droplets are caught on dried-out vegetation,

And that doesnt include the carbon emissions released during forest fires. The scientists believe that if droughts of this magnitude continue at this frequency,

#Clever modular hydroponics system An indoor garden can improve air quality, make you more productive, and, of course, add a lovely touch of green to an otherwise drab office cubicle or apartment.

#Proposal to Eliminate Forest fires Completely Futurist Thomas Frey: Over the past few days I ve been listening to news reports about the devastating fires burning in Colorado.

Drones specifically designed for extinguishing forest fires have the potential to eliminate virtually 100%of the devastating fires that blanket newspaper headlines every summer.

Naturally there s a downside to eliminating forest fires altogether so how should we proceed? The True Cost of Forest fires In 2012 the U s. Forest Service had a budget of $948 million for fire suppression, a decrease of nearly $500 million from 2011.

In the U s.,wildfires burned an average of 6. 9 million acres per year from 2002-2011,

A 2010 report titled#oethe True Cost of Wildfire in the Western U s.#published by the Western Forestry Leadership Coalition challenged traditional methods for calculating the cost of forest fires.

I can only assume today s technology is hundreds of times more precise than anything we were working with back then. 2007 NASA image of forest fires in California The above photo was infrared taken with thermal imaging sensors on NASA s Ikhana unmanned research

That same technology could be adjusted to detect forest fires at a very early stage. Thermal image of Boston Bombing suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev hiding in a boat Massachusetts State Police released video taken of Boston bombing suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev s

The tree line would also shift north with coniferous forests sprouting where shrubs once grew. Most of the greening was driven by the loss of reflectivity or albedo from snow cover.

whereas the invasive species cheatgrass may fuel forest fires in Colorado. In other areas closely packed trees overgrown with younger saplings may provide ladder fuels that allow fire to ramp up easily Dennison said.

With so many dead trees available as fuel forest fires are a concern. And so are changes to the quality of drinking water.

For fighting forest fires retardants consist primarily of ammonium compounds such as ammonium phosphate ammonium sulfate and others. These compounds are used also in agricultural fertilizers.

#Drought-Weakened Trees More Likely to Die in Fires Prolonged droughts are causing more trees to die in forest fires in the western United states according to a new study that looked at decades of controlled fire data.

and contain forest fires could become a blueprint for fire management across California. The project which was developed in an experimental forest at the University of California at Berkeley's Sagehen Creek Field Station near Lake Tahoe in California creates pockets of thinner trees in areas where the fire risk is high

But conflagrations like the recent Rim Fire California's fourth-largest wildfire in recorded history and the largest forest fire in the Sierra happen in part

#Giant sequoias at Risk from California Fire A raging forest fire sweeping toward Yosemite national park in California may threaten giant sequoia trees.

One of the world's tallest trees giant sequoias have evolved to withstand frequent forest fires experts say.

But I think the Rim Fire those kind of fire intensities are just not something that's been typical in the past Parsons told Livescience Recognizing the threat forest fires pose to giant sequoias the National park service started prescribed burns in giant sequoia groves beginning in the 1960s.

But between 1999 and 2010 these forest fires burned more than 33000 square miles (85500 square kilometers) an area larger than the state of South carolina according to a NASA release.

since 1932 and the largest forest fire ever recorded in the Sierra nevada the granite mountains that run from north to south along the state's eastern fringe.

or conduct controlled burns instead of letting forest fires run their course. But in recent years reduced funding for preventive firefighting has hampered both thinning and prescribed burns.

The fire will provide scientists with a trove of data on forest fires. The flames raced through experimental forests studied for more than a century

Some of the changes we see going on now sea ice melting tree lines migrating and glaciers with tremendous ablation rate suggest that we're heading back to the Pliocene.

Forest fires alone destroyed more than 33000 square miles (85500 square km) of forest between 1999 and 2010 according to a recent NASA release.

And a recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found that forest fires in the Amazon are only going to get worse as the region's annual dry season also known as fire season continues to extend every year.

Located in the central Sierra nevada near Pinecrest Calif. the experimental forest has been the home base for forest fire research since the 1920s.

A titan arum (or corpse flower) housed here at the U s. Botanic Garden Conservatory has been smelling up its exhibition hall to the delight of thousands of visitors

This is the unintended consequence of a longstanding federal policy symbolized by Smokey Bear to stamp out forest fires.

And when the inevitable forest fires rage through over-forested lands they burn hotter and faster

Forest fires come next mostly in the boreal forests of temperate regions. Storm damage also harms forests. 7 Ways the Earth Changes in the Blink of an Eye We see a lot of blowdowns

Over time though the effect of climate change on forest fires becomes more complex Fulã told Livescience.

and venom help males compete for mates according to the Australian Platypus Conservatory. The venom is not life threatening to humans

1. 4 kg) though platypuses that live in colder climates are bigger than those living in warmer areas according to the Australian Platypus Conservatory.

#Fossils of Dinosaur-Era Forest fire Discovered in Canada In the badlands of southern Saskatchewan Canada scientists discovered evidence of a 66-million-year-old forest fire locked in stone.

Dry conditions exacerbated the forest fire over the weekend according to Inciweb. Although it's early June the large logs

Evidence for ancient forest fires predates the dinosaurs but the clues come from charcoal not from marks on fossilized trees.

That's because the scientists who study petrified wood rarely cross paths with forest fire researchers Byers suspects.

Stress from forest fires can leave behind bands of narrow tree rings in some modern trees a result of the struggle to recover

because the forest fire's survivors had less competition for water and nutrients Byers said. This post-fire growth spurt is seen also in modern trees.

According to the FLAME Act Report a congressionally mandated assessment of those expenditures putting out forest fires will cost the federal government $1. 6 billion before year-end.

#These Adorable Fur Balls Survived a Raging Forest fire SACRAMENTO Calif. Johanna Varner thought a devastating forest fire meant the end of her pika research on Oregon's Mount Hood.

Small mammals like pikas can't flee a forest fire like deer and Varner's research is the first evidence that sheltering in place helps the species endure a fire.

Pikas'future Forest fires are predicted to grow more frequent in the West in the next 50 years especially in areas where pikas live.

In the event of a forest fire 28 years'worth of undecayed leaves would provide an ideal fuel for the fire

It adds to the fuel as well as makes it more likely that catastrophically sized forest fires might start.

but also because rising temperatures forest fires and dying trees will add pollutants and sediment to streams and groundwater greatly affecting Navajos'drinking and irrigation water supplies in the future according to a new University of Colorado report published in May about climate change and adaptation on the Navajo Nation.

and the vast Siberian forest fires of 2003.

Hybrid embryos fail to live up to stem-cell hopes: Nature Newsthe creation of human-animal hybrid embryos proposed as a way to generate embryonic stem cells without relying on scarce human eggs has met with legislative hurdles and public outcry.

To date, fire-prevention policies in regions such as western North america have sought to suppress forest fires altogether leaving forests more susceptible to large-scale fires and insect attack.

Forest fires are associated generally with deforestation, but drought amplifies the impact of fires that are set in order to clear land.

Puravida Fotograf  a/Demotix/Corbischilean reserve scorched by wildfires Forest fires in Chile have ravaged almost 15,000 hectares of native forest and steppe in the Torres del Paine National park in Patagonia burning more than 8

Among the biggest threats are fungi and oomycetes, similar but distinct groups of microbes, which cause plant diseases.

and oomycetes are moving particularly quickly, at 7 and 6 km per year respectively. Her team's study is published today in Nature Climate Change6.

Potential scientific applications of space video include observing volcanic eruptions, forest fires, hurricanes and the movement of wildlife,

Even a pine tree burned in a forest fire does not release as much carbon as a pine tree burned in a power plant Niel Lawrence a National Resources Defense Council lawyer told Greenwire.

and texture of an heirloom with the ease of growth lack of disease and ease of transport of a hothouse tomato we're on board.

o wait its in a green house in Surrey (rolls eyes) This is not the first time they've flowered in England (maybe in a glasshouse.

Flying tracking the edges of forest fires should be one of the least controversial uses of drones ever.

Thanks to the biggest pyromaniac of them all Smokey the Bear we've been seeing an uptick in the devastation of forest fires

Only you can postpone forest fires! I just don't see how we were duped by that bear.

Silman says assuming no additional changes in climatic factors other than temperature timberline would need to migrate around 900 meters in elevation to keep pace with the cloud forest beneath it.

The Wake Forest team's research is the first to address rates of Andes timberline migration at high resolution.

Crop pests include fungi bacteria viruses insects nematodes viroids and oomycetes. The diversity of crop pests continues to expand

which have established proof of principal of the technology in the laboratory growth rooms and glasshouses.

low-elevation sitespredicted increases in temperature and drought in the coming century may make it more difficult for conifers such as ponderosa pine to regenerate after major forest fires on dry low-elevation sites in some cases leading to conversion

According to the fossil record rainforests prospered under these hothouse conditions. Diversity increased. Because larger areas of forest generally sustain higher diversity than smaller areas do higher diversity during warming events could be explained by the expansion of tropical forests into temperate areas.

How burning plants tell seeds to rise from the ashesin the spring following a forest fire trees that survived the blaze explode in new growth

The U s. park service actively suppressed forest fires until they realized that the practice left the soil of mature forests lacking important minerals and chemicals.

and shrubs burn during a forest fire and remain in the soil after the fire ensuring the forest will regenerate.

Funding was provided by the Carnegie Museum of Natural history's Powdermill Nature Reserve in Rector Pa. a Botany-In-Action Fellowship from the Phipps Botanical garden and Conservatory in Pittsburgh an Ivey Mcmanus Predoctoral Fellowship

and vegetation productivity in some parts of the North as the ramifications of amplified greenhouse effect--including permafrost thawing frequent forest fires outbreak of pest infestations

#Bats not bothered by forest fires, study findsa survey of bat activity in burned and unburned areas after a major wildfire in the southern Sierra nevada mountains found no evidence of detrimental effects on bats one year after the fire.

since about 1930--during the Smokey Bear era--aggressive forest-fire suppression has had a far greater influence on shifts in dominant tree species than minor differences in temperature.

#Climate change to increase forest fire danger in Europeclimate change is expected to bring increased temperatures and longer droughts--conditions that will make forests more susceptible to fires.

By 2090 the area burned by forest fires in the European union could increase by 200%because of climate change according to a new study published in the journal Regional Environmental Change.

Improved firefighting response could provide additional protection against forest fires. The study was the first to examine adaptation to forest fire danger on a pan-European scale.

IIASA researchers together with colleagues from the Joint Research Centre (JRC) worked with national forest representatives in EU countries

and the EU Expert Group on Forest fires to understand fire prevention options and their impacts.

While there are many potential options for forest fire management the researchers focused on two adaptation strategies identified together with the expert stakeholders:

There is still a big debate on the effectiveness of prescribed burning as a forest fire management tool.

The researchers note that in Europe over 95%of all forest fires are caused by humans including negligence

In more populous areas the chance of occurrence of forest fires rises dramatically says IIASA researcher Andrey Krasovskii a study co-author.

Crop pests include fungi bacteria viruses insects nematodes viroids and oomycetes. The research published in the journal Global Ecology

students in the MAE department to do the kind of basic forest fire combustion research that can move our predictive ability from the experiential realm to scientific mathematical models and longer-range computational predictions.

Disturbances like windthrow and forest fires are part of the natural dynamics of forest ecosystems and are not therefore a catastrophe for the ecosystem as such.

Damage from forest fires was estimated particularly to increase on the Iberian peninsula while bark beetle damage increased most strongly in The alps.

agriculture river floods coasts tourism energy droughts forest fires transport infrastructure and human health. The report also includes a pilot study on habitat suitability of forest tree species. Connie Hedegaard European Commissioner for Climate Action said:

More intense insect infestation more forest fires and increased drought pressure are probably the three largest factors causing this subarctic browning.

which they cannot recover from forest fires. Already some sections have been reduced to grassland littered with shrubs he noted.

and forest fires resulting from climate change--all occurrences predicted to intensify in coming years said Tanentzap.

#What a 66-million-year old forest fire reveals about the last days of the dinosaursas far back as the time of the dinosaurs 66 million years ago forests recovered from fires in the same manner

During an expedition in southern Saskatchewan Canada the team discovered the first fossil-record evidence of forest fire ecology--the regrowth of plants after a fire--revealing a snapshot of the ecology on earth just before the mass extinction of the dinosaurs.

The researchers'discovery revealed that at the forest fire site the plants are dominated by flora quite similar to the kind that begin forest recovery after a fire today.

We were looking at the direct result of a 66-million-year old forest fire preserved in stone says Emily Bamforth of the Royal Saskatchewan Museum and the study's first author.

Forest fires can affect both plant and animal biodiversity. The team's finding of ancient ecological recovery from a forest fire will help broaden scientists'understanding of biodiversity immediately before the mass extinction of dinosaurs.

We won't be able to fully understand the extinction dynamics until we understand what normal ecological processes were going on in the background. says Larsson.

and belowground carbon loss from selective logging and ground level forest fires in the tropics based on data from 70000 sampled trees and thousands of soil litter and dead wood samples from 225 sites

#Climate change, forest fires drove widespread surface melting of Greenland ice sheeta Dartmouth-led study finds that rising temperatures

and ash from Northern hemisphere forest fires combined to cause large-scale surface melting of the Greenland ice sheet in 1889 and 2012.

With both the frequency of forest fires and warmer temperatures predicted to increase with climate change widespread melt events are likely to happen much more frequently in the future.

An ice core from the center of the ice sheet demonstrated that exceptionally warm temperatures combined with black carbon sediments from Northern hemisphere forest fires reduced albedo below a critical threshold in the dry snow region

but the presence of a high concentration of ammonium concurrent with the black carbon indicates the ash's source was large boreal forest fires during the summer in Siberia and North america in June and July 2012.

As for 1889 there are historical records of testimony to Congress of large-scale forest fires in the Pacific Northwest of the United states that summer

which forest fires deposited ash onto the ice sheet that summer. The researchers also used Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change data to project the frequency of widespread surface melting into the year 2100.

Since Arctic temperatures and the frequency of forest fires are expected both to rise with climate change the researchers'results suggest that large-scale melt events on the Greenland ice sheet may begin to occur almost annually by the end of century.

The risk of forest fires is also increasing in southern Europe Tim Carter explains about the regional effects of climate change.

Statistics on forest fire causes show that human activities are responsible for 94 percent of fires in this forest zone of the Russian Far east.

and increases in the frequency and severity of forest fires. Prolonged periods of inundation on the other hand may decrease productivity

There's been growing concern by many different groups of the potential for catastrophic forest fires to sweep through this part of the world

It adds to the fuel as well as makes it more likely that catastrophically sized forest fires might start.

The team focused their work in the western Amazon a swath of forest stretching from the Andean tree line down to the Amazonian lowlands.

'Scientists had suspected that funguslike microorganisms called oomycetes might also play a part in policing rainforest diversity

'Oomycetes are potent pathogens that can cause seeds and seedlings to rot and were responsible for the 1840s potato famine'said Professor Sarah Gurr formerly of Oxford university and now at the University of Exeter.'

which protects plants against oomycetes. Ridomil Goldâ had no significant effect on the number of surviving species suggesting that true fungi

and not oomycetes are driving rainforest diversity.''The findings show that fungi play a vital role in maintaining the biodiversity of rainforests preventing a few highly competitive species from dominating.

or conservatory (the Mitchell Park Horticulture Conservatory known as the Domes in Milwaukee come to mind). Amazon says the plant material will be selected for its ability to coexist in a microclimate that also suits people.

000 acres and has a Japanese Tea garden, the Conservatory of Flowers, world-class museums, botanic gardens, and more.

Could the U s. fight forest fires with software? In the wake of the Yarnell wildfire tragedy and in the heat of an escalating wildland fire problem across the West,

There is no shortage of debate about how the U s. Forest Service should go about suppressing forest fires.

Hundreds of years ago, periodic forest fires cleared out much of the brush and dead trees that can cause fires to reach epic proportions,

Finally, the low rain-and snowfall has led to an increase in forest fires, especially in the wooded province of Galicia.

We've also done several projects for clients in the U s. We did 14 exhibits for the conservatory at the Bellagio Hotel in Las vegas. We had clients in New york who built the One Bryant Park atrium space.

For instance, there Â's a conservatory complex that houses a temperature-controlled flower dome and a replicated cloud forest.

Meanwhile, the design allows the structures to work as air vents for local conservatories. The trees can even be used to collect rainwater.

But the system could provide a low-cost option for powering tree sensors that might be used to detect environmental conditions or forest fires.

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