This delay in the signs of Autumn was pronounced generally more than any evidence for an earlier onset of Spring
The Danau Girang Field Centre is located in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary a strip of rainforest along Sabah's major river squeezed in by vast oil palm plantations on either side.
For instance although the 7-day prestorage conditioning treatments provided some protection against the development of CA injury shorter durations should be investigated to prevent quality loss resulting from excessive ripening
The data was collected at Buttercups Sanctuary for Goats in Kent. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Queen Mary University of London.
According to the study forest residue bioenergy must be used for 60 to 80 years before the emission savings reach the required 60%level in most European countries.
Side effects of tamoxifen for example include increased risk of uterine cancer cataracts stroke and cardiovascular disease. Patients diagnosed with precancerous cells
These significant side effects may be mitigated through a more direct localized drug delivery method according to Perumal. The researcher proposes applying a medication-containing gel or lotion to the nipple.
We need to better understand how to break that connection between poverty and health outcomes not only with smoking but with a range of risk factors.
eggs and chicks are at risk of getting cold. The result is that by the end of the breeding season the adult birds are exhausted.
Case study on Austrian curd cheeseif food products are produced not in a hygienic environment consumers can face the threat of dangerous pathogens.
Listeria is a rod-shaped bacterium highly prevalent in the environment and generally not a threat to human health.
or trying to fall pregnant and taking a folic acid supplement may be at risk of reducing their folate benefit through sun exposure a new QUT study has warned.
The women at risk were those who were outside during the most UV intense time of the day between 10am
and 3pm with little sun protection Professor Kimlin said. These were the women who had the highest levels of sun exposure
which mosquitoes can become resistant to the available arsenal of insecticides. Controlling populations like Tiassalã will be particularly challenging
Our discovery provides practical insights into sustainable ancient marine management techniques that can inform local food security strategies today says Groesbeck.
Instead it became a menace colonizing forest floors in the Eastern U s . and Canada and has been found in Washington Utah
which is a benefit for the plants due to a lower risk of fungal infestation and a higher germination rate.
Agroclimate is a web resource aimed primarily at agricultural producers that includes interactive tools and data for reducing agricultural risks.
#Future heat waves pose threat to global food supplyheat waves could significantly reduce crop yields and threaten global food supply
Climate mitigation policy would help reduce risks of serious negative impacts on maize worldwide and reduce risks of extreme heat stress that threaten global crop production.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Institute of Physics. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
The resulting buildup of dry loose detritus is a wildfire hazard that poses the threat of spreading radioactivity from the Chernobyl area.
We were stepping over all these dead trees on the ground that had been killed by the initial blast Mousseau said.
#Diversity in UK gardens aiding fight to save threatened bumblebees, study suggestsecologists at Plymouth University in a study published this week have shown the most common species of bumblebee are not fussy about a plant's origin when searching for nectar and pollen among the nation's urban gardens.
and Barley Scab Initiative scientists admit that efforts to control this devastating disease have met with limited success. This is an extraordinary disease that requires extraordinary means to combat it says Yen who began working on head blight in 1997.
This makes the disease tougher to combat. Researchers are working to develop resistant types of grain alter tillage practices
When these compounds are absorbed by the body they lessen the inflammation of cardiovascular tissue reducing the long-term risk of stroke said John Finley Ph d. who led the work.
#Global food trade can alleviate water scarcityinternational trade of food crops led to freshwater savings worth 2. 4 billion US-Dollars in 2005
savings worth 2. 4 billion US-Dollars. The study focusing on data of the year 2005 shows that trade has a considerable impact on agricultural production.
so that was a conflict that seemed to emerge there. Murphy says that in both Grand County
Murphy is now exploring climate vulnerability in Ohio's Appalachia near the Wayne National Forest in southeast Ohio where he says future flooding could pose a threat.
and a real human and veterinary risk he says. Most of the genes had come from a poultry virus that had existed in china for many years
This work supports the need for better surveillance in animal species for avian influenza says Suarez.
The silent carriage also creates a conflict between poultry producers who want to preserve their flocks
Low rumble alarm call in response to the sound of human voicesafrican elephants make a specific alarm call in response to the danger of humans according to a new study of wild elephants in Kenya.
running away and becoming very vigilant perhaps searching for the potentially lethal threat of human hunters.
Whilst the'bee'and'human'rumbling alarm calls might sound similar to our ears there are important differences at low (infrasonic) frequencies that elephants can hear
but humans can't.'Elephants appear to be able to manipulate their vocal tract (mouth tongue trunk and so on) to shape the sounds of their rumbles to make different alarm calls'said Dr Lucy King of Save the Elephants
'We concede the possibility that these alarm calls are simply a by-product of elephants running away that is just an emotional response to the threat that other elephants pick up on'Lucy tells me.'
'On the other hand we think it is also possible that the rumble alarms are akin to words in human language
and that elephants voluntarily and purposefully make those alarm calls to warn others about specific threats.
Our research results here show that African elephant alarm calls can differentiate between two types of threat
and reflect the level of urgency of that threat.''Elephant'human'alarm call rumblesignificantly the reaction to the human alarm call included none of the head-shaking behaviour displayed by elephants hearing the bee alarm.
When threatened by bees elephants shake their heads in an effort to knock the insects away as well as running
or up their trunks whilst calves could potentially be killed by a swarm of stinging bees as they have yet to develop a thick protective skin.
''and the''human alarm rumble''is the same as a vowel-change in human language
''Elephants use similar vowellike changes in their rumbles to differentiate the type of threat they experience
and humans is being used to reduce human-elephant conflict in Kenya. Armed with the knowledge that elephants are afraid of bees Lucy
and livelihoods without direct conflict with elephants and they can harvest the honey too for extra income'says Lucy.'
'Learning more about how elephants react to threats such as bees and humans will help us design strategies to reduce human-elephant conflict
#Honey offers new approach to fighting antibiotic resistancehoney that delectable condiment for breads and fruits could be one sweet solution to the serious ever-growing problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics
The unique property of honey lies in its ability to fight infection on multiple levels making it more difficult for bacteria to develop resistance said study leader Susan M. Meschwitz Ph d. That is it uses a combination of weapons including hydrogen peroxide
and Ruth Nussinov a researcher at the National Cancer Institute in Frederick Md. and a professor at the Sackler School of medicine at Tel aviv University pulls together current thinking on how an explosion of data combined with ever more powerful computers is bringing about a second
This also reduces the protective effect against avalanches and rockfalls. Things look different on the alpine treeline where tree growth is increasing.
This has positive results for the protective effect as well as for wood production and carbon storage.
--Even if globally effective climate protection measures are taken says Raible. On The swiss Plateau on the other hand as long as effective climate policies manage to keep the effects within bearable limits positive effects are also to be expected.
Without climate protection measures it is to be expected that problematic consequences will be dominant. For example stronger fluctuations must be expected in the outflows of rivers
or without climate protection Switzerland will not be able to do without adaptation. This also includes improved management such as in agriculture for example--including the choice of varieties
adaptation and climate protection must go hand in hand. If we manage to limit climate change adaptation to its consequences will as a result be easier to achieve
and participant in the Maleo Conservation Project. â#oethe protection of the beachfront lands which are critical nesting grounds for both species will help safeguard this part of Indonesiaâ##s natural heritage. â#The hatchling
The most threatened of the beach nestersâ#he maleoâ#s a chicken-sized bird with a black helmet (or casque) yellow facial skin a red-orange beak
and direct hunting. â#oethe round-the-clock monitoring of maleo and sea turtle nests on this protected beach prevents the exploitation of these species a threat that still frequently occurs at other sitesâ#said Dr. Peter Clyne Deputy
#In addition to conservation efforts in the field WCS also works to conserve maleos at its Bronx Zoo headquarters where curators have reared successfully maleo chicks by recreating the specialized conditions needed for successful reproduction and incubation.
#Innovative solar-powered toilet ready for India unveilinga revolutionary University of Colorado Boulder toilet fueled by the sun that is being developed to help some of the 2. 5 billion people around the world lacking safe and sustainable
and offers support to the idea that the ability to digest milk was a powerful selective force in a variety of African populations
#Tropical grassy ecosystems under threat, scientists warnscientists at the University of Liverpool have found that tropical grassy areas which play a critical role in the world's ecology are under threat as a result of ineffective management.
--and that concerns about social dangers more than physical dangers to health will be the cause of it.
However most interestingly these bans will likely not be based on the'physical dangers'of'vaping'--a term used to refer to e-cigarette use--but on the'social dangers':
'that it is offensive to others; that it may re-normalise smoking; that it may become a gateway drug to others more dangerous;
whether there are physical dangers or not. He argues that new legislation such as the EU's Tobacco Products Directive gives consumers mixed and confusing messages about the role of the devices as either'healthy alternatives'that can be used to help quit smoking or as a new form of'smoking'.
#Success of new bug-fighting approach may vary from field to fielda new technique to fight crop insect pests may affect different insect populations differently researchers report.
The findings might be of interest to agricultural biotech firms that are hoping to add RNAI to their pest-killing arsenals he said.
#No greater injury risk on artificial playing surfaces, study showsnew research presented at the 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) found no greater injury risk for athletes
he was diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy of unknown etiology. The patient had experienced treatment-resistant seizures since 3 months of age
but only few other instances of early-onset epileptic encephalopathy involved the GRIN2A gene. The GRIN2A gene influences electrochemical events that affect the flow and strength of electrical impulses in the brain.
Our results suggest that children with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy should undergo evaluation for similar gene variants with the possibility of using memantine
and by setting up dark refuges connected by dark corridors for light-sensitive species like bats Lewanzik says.
Grass production must have boomed as did vast numbers of war horses and other livestock that gave the Mongols their power.
In the late 1100s the Mongol tribes were racked by disarray and internal warfare but this ended with the sudden ascendance of Genghis (also known as Chinggis) Khan in the early 1200s.
In just a matter of years he united the tribes into an efficient horse-borne military state that rapidly invaded its neighbors and expanded outward in all directions.
but it must have created the ideal conditions for a charismatic leader to emerge out of the chaos develop an army and concentrate power.
Each Mongol warrior had five or more horses and ever-moving herds of livestock provided nearly all food and other resources.
The rest probably depended on the Mongols'brilliant cavalry skills smart political maneuvering and savvy adaptions of urbanized peoples'technologies.
New mining ventures and other industrial activities may employ some of the many people fleeing the countryside
and attacks it which leads to the release of chemicals called histamines into the blood.
As long as you take the proper precautions you should be able to enjoy the outdoors and make the most of the warm weather.
and forest protection however such efforts to reduce deforestation conflict with the need to expand agricultural production in Africa to feed the continent's growing population.
With food shortages and increased threats of climate change interest in agroforestry is gathering for its potential to address various on-farm adaptation needs.
An additional problem results from the fact that not only infections but also the antibiotics that are used as a remedy may increase the risk for IBS as they too can alter the gut microbiota in a negative way.
But why asked the chair of Soil science is there a protective blanket of sage brush orchard grass wild rye
The study was the first in the world to investigate the relationship between a healthy diet as early as in midlife and the risk of developing dementia later on.
and increased risk of dementiathe impact of dietary fats on cognitive performance and the risk of dementia was studied separately as well.
and memory functions and to an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment in a 21-year follow-up.
It was shown also that a higher saturated fat intake was associated with an increased risk of dementia among those carrying a genetic risk factor of Alzheimer's disease the epsilon 4 variant of the apolipoprotein E (Apoe) gene.
Even those who are genetically susceptible can at least delay the onset of the disease by favouring vegetable oils oil-based spreads
In addition those consuming 3 to 5 cups of coffee daily had a smaller risk of dementia than those consuming less or more.
#Deer feeding puts birds at risk, research showsby comparing the fate of artificial nests close
Therefore this management practice widespread in Central europe comes into conflict with the conservation of ground-nesting birds such as grouse species
Vertimass is pleased very to be partnering with ORNL to commercialize this revolutionary technology that can broaden the market for alternative fuels said Vertimass chairman William Shopoff.
and improve energy security and domestic economies. Commercialization will lead to the widespread use of proprietary Vertimass technology for low cost production of sustainable transportation fuels for aircraft and heavy and light duty vehicles from multiple sources of biomass on a large scale.
and people that substantially heightens the disease risk in humans. In an effort to improve preparedness scientists are looking to better understand
and evolution as viewed through the lens of surveillance methods utilized by scientists from around the world said study lead and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Associate Director of Wildlife Epidemiology Dr. Sarah Olson.
Understanding the natural diversity of viruses is critically important to identifying health risks. But authorities face a challenge both in focusing efforts in the right places
and adequately financing surveillance to describe global flu diversity. To address this the authors introduced a new method
With this approach health authorities can design surveillance programs to detect a given percentage of flu virus diversity.
The more a strain was shared across wild bird types the more likely it was to be found in domestic birds a risk factor for spillover events.
and establishing coordinated sustained surveillance for diseases that cross the boundaries of species or countries.
A new study of these risks found that wastewater used to irrigate vegetable plots in Asian countries poses health risks that may exceed World health organization (WHO) guidelines.
and given that China is the worldâ##s most populous country millions of people may be exposed to health risks from contamination.
However normal cooking temperatures and food preservation strategies can reduce the risks posed by microorganisms and viruses.
Food systems researchers Hoi-Fei Mok and Andrew J. Hamilton of The University of Melbourne in Australia instead created a statistical model to characterize the health risks posed by wastewater used to grow Asian vegetables The reach of the Asian vegetable
and a probabilistic rotavirus disease burden model for their consumptionâ#recently appeared in the electronic version of the journal Risk Analysis published by the Society for Risk Analysis. The researchers first determined the volume of water retained by three commonly grown Asian vegetables
Based on their findings the researchers concluded that the probability curves of the annual disease burden â#oeexceeded the WHOÂ##s threshold for acceptable level of risk from wastewater reuse by two to three orders of magnitude
. â#Some vegetables posed greater risk than others because leaf shape affects the amount of wastewater
Vegetables such as bok choy posed the least risk and choy sum the greatest risk whereas lettuce and gai lan had similar risk profiles.
The viral decay rate also varies depending on the plant. The authors say that more research on the rate of viral decay on various crops would increase the accuracy of risk estimations.
The probability of rotavirus infection is affected by uncertainty in virus concentration and variation in vegetable consumption.
For example the mean daily per capita lettuce consumption in Australia is 21.81 grams lettuce/person day compared to a mean of 171.94 grams lettuce/person day in China
and the probability of developing disease is a source of uncertainty in the risk assessment.
Lower doses induce infectivity in children faster than adults so the estimated disease burdens from the researchersâ##statistical model may underestimate the actual risk to children.
Collecting rotavirus infectivity data for children would improve the accuracy of risk assessments of the threat.
Furthermore while there are regulations relating to water quality there is no guideline for risk management around wastewater reuse in China.
The risk management approach involves more pro-active identification and management of risk rather than relying on post-treatment testing for managing reuse schemes.
Considering the global increase in wastewater use for agricultural irrigation assessing the health risks from reuse schemes is necessary to develop better wastewater management policies to protect public health.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Society for Risk Analysis (SRA. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length. Journal Reference
#Save money and the planet: Turn your old milk jugs into 3-D printer filamentmaking your own stuff with a 3d printer is vastly cheaper than
And while you are patting yourself on the back for saving 99 cents on the dollar there's a bonus:
Where it really shows substantial savings is in smaller towns like Houghton where you have to transport the plastic to be collected then again to be recycled
Then the energy savings skyrocket to 70-80 percent. And recycling your own milk jugs uses 90 percent less energy than making virgin plastic from petroleum.
#Banana plant fights off crops invisible nemesis: Roundwormsthe banana variety Yangambi km5 produces toxic substances that kill the nematode Radopholus similis a roundworm that infects the root tissue of banana plants--to the frustration of farmers worldwide.
We have wondered always how the Yangambi km5 fights off roundworms. This study offers an answer.
and studied their defense responses to Radopholus similis. Researchers have wondered always how the Yangambi km5 manages to fight off roundworms says De Waele.
In that banana variety the nematodes win the fight. The researchers'findings were published in a recent issue of the journal PNAS.
Nematodes pose a growing threat to rice production in Asia for example. Our findings also provide the industry with perspectives to develop a generation of new pesticides against nematodes.
if we focus on fundamental protective mechanisms which are present in living beings. They are so fundamental that the obtained poplars in this work can resist other stress factors.
Passive tobacco increases the risk of miscarriage. Nevertheless the problem mainly affects the child's development;
In addition and although to a lesser extent these infants have a greater sudden death rate and a greater risk of suffering cancer and respiratory disease in childhood as well.
Health education is crucial for protecting women and fetuses in particular. Cotinine the tobacco markerin the set of questions that the women in the study responded to they were asked about the lifestyles that could be linked to tobacco for example in
fruits, vegetables linked to reduced risk of preterm deliverypregnant women who eat a prudent diet rich in vegetables fruits whole grains
and who drink water have reduced a significantly risk of preterm delivery suggests a study published on bmj. com today.
A traditional dietary pattern of boiled potatoes fish and cooked vegetables was linked also to a significantly lower risk.
Preterm delivery (before 37 weeks of pregnancy) is associated with significant short and long term ill-health and accounts for almost 75%of all newborn deaths.
whether a link exists between maternal diet and preterm delivery. Using data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study they analyzed preterm births among 66000 women between 2002 and 2008.
Factors that may have affected the results (known as confounding) including a mother's age history of preterm delivery
Preterm delivery was defined as delivery between 22 and<37 weeks of pregnancy. The researchers identified three distinct dietary patterns interpreted as prudent (vegetables fruits oils water as a beverage whole grain cereals poultry fibre rich bread) Western
Among the 66000 pregnant women preterm delivery occurred in 3505 (5. 3%)cases. After adjusting for several confounding factors the team found that an overall prudent dietary pattern was associated with a significantly reduced risk of preterm delivery especially among women having their first baby as well as spontaneous and late preterm delivery.
They also found a significantly reduced risk of preterm delivery for the traditional dietary pattern.
However the Western dietary pattern was associated not independently with preterm delivery. This indicates that increasing the intake of foods associated with a prudent dietary pattern is more important than totally excluding processed food fast food junk food
and snacks say the authors. They stress that a direct (causal) link cannot be drawn from the results
but say the findings suggest that diet matters for the risk of preterm delivery which may reassure medical practitioners that the current dietary recommendations are sound
These findings are important as prevention of preterm delivery is of major importance in modern obstetrics.
They also indicate that preterm delivery might actually be modified by maternal diet they conclude. In an accompanying editorial Professor Lucilla Poston at King's college London says healthy eating in pregnancy is always a good idea.
and the practice of growing refuges of non-Bt plants that serve as a reservoir for insects with Bt susceptible genes. â#oeour paper argues there is another factor involved:
Each cage contained Bt broccoli and refuges of non-Bt broccoli. They studied populations of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae a pest of broccoli and their natural enemies ladybird beetles (Coleomegilla maculata) for six generations.
Cages contained different combinations of treatments with and without predators and with and without sprayed insecticides on the non-Bt refuge plants.
Farmers commonly spray insecticides on refuge plants to prevent loss by pests but such sprays can kill predators and prey indiscriminately.
The results showed that diamondback moth populations were reduced in the treatment containing ladybird beetles and unsprayed non-Bt refuge plants.
In contrast Bt plants with no refuge were defoliated completely in treatments without ladybirds after only four to five generations showing rapid development of resistance in the pests.
In the treatment with sprayed non-Bt refuge plants and predators diamondback moth populations were reduced
The use of this model by a variety of stakeholders could stimulate the development of new approaches to bee management pesticide risk assessment and landscape management.
and industry with the aim of conserving bee populations and protecting and promoting wild flower and crop pollination.
In fight against parasites, Barberry sacrifices seeds depending on survival chanceplants appear to be able to make complex decisions.
They indicate that this species has a structural memory is able to differentiate between inner and outer conditions as well as anticipate future risks scientists write in the journal American Naturalist.
therefore that plant intelligence is entering the realms of ecological possibility. But how does the Barberry know what is in store for it after the tephritid fruit fly has punctured a berry?
The Oregon grape that is closely related to the Barberry has been living in Europe for some 200 years with the risk of being infested by the tephritid fruit fly
and yet it has developed not any such comparable defence strategy. These new insights shed some light on the underestimated abilities of plants while at the same time bringing up many new questions.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011