A plan for dealing with allergy and asthma emergencies should also be shared with teachers coaches and the school nurse.
studies revealresearchers at Lincoln Park Zoo and Northern Illinois University have discovered a new culprit contributing to amphibian decline and altered mammal distribution throughout the Midwest region--the invasive plant European
Lincoln Park Zoo Reintroduction Biologist Allison Sacerdote-Velat Ph d. and Northern Illinois University Professor of Biological sciences Richard King have identified European buckthorn as a contributor to amphibian
The above story is provided based on materials by Lincoln Park Zoo. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
and fuel demandsnew discoveries of the way plants transport important substances across their biological membranes to resist toxic metals
That's the conclusion of 12 leading plant biologists from around the world whose laboratories recently discovered important properties of plant transport proteins that collectively could have a profound impact on global agriculture.
These membrane transporters are a class of specialized proteins that plants use to take up nutrients from the soil transport sugar
One of Schroeder's research advances led to the discovery of a sodium transporter that plays a key role in protecting plants from salt stress
and her colleagues have utilized now this type of sodium transporter in breeding research to engineer wheat plants that are more tolerant to salt in the soil boosting wheat yields by a whopping 25 percent in field trials.
Other recent transport protein developments described by the biologists have been shown to increase the storage of iron
The scientists also discovered transporters in plants and symbiotic soil fungi that allow crops to acquire phosphate--an element essential for plant growth
The biologists said crops could be made more efficient in using water through discoveries in plant transport proteins that regulate the stomatal pores in the epidermis of leaves where plants lose more than 90 percent of their water through transpiration.
A recent discovery of protein transporters that move sugar throughout the plant has been used to develop rice plants that confer pest resistance to crops the biologists said providing a novel way to simplify the engineering of crops with high yields and pest resistance
or new transporters to make them work harder on existing agricultural land said Dale Sanders director of the John Innes Centre in the U k
These recent developments in understanding the biology of plant transporters are leading to improved varieties less susceptible to adverse environments and for improving human health.
The species sometimes travels in herds of hundreds of individual animals the only Neotropical ungulate (hoofed mammal) known to do so.
and ash and generate this signal says Noel holder of Salk's Arthur and Julie Woodrow Chair and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator.
More research is needed to understand exactly how the change in shape of the KAI2 protein activates a genetic pathway that regulates germination says Chory the Howard H. and Maryam R. Newman Chair in Plant Biology and a Howard Hughes Medical
The work was supported by the National institutes of health grants 5r01gm52413 and GM094428 National Science Foundation awards EEC-0813570 and MCB-0645794 and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
The new discovery was made by Dr Erica van de Waal and Professor Andrew Whiten of the University of St andrews
Dr van de Waal conducted the field experiments at the Inkawu Vervet Project in the Mawana private game reserve in South africa.
Nitrogen oxides are created pollutants by cars trucks aircrafts coal plants and other large scale sources. The work presents a dramatic new wrinkle in the arguments for reducing man-made pollutants worldwide said Surratt whose work was published this month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Those are also rivers that people use for water supplies fishing and transportation. Finally the study showed that the agricultural streams were warmer than the forested streams caused both by a reduction in bordering forest
and Shweta Iyer twin-sister high school students who contributed to the research as part of an internship under the guidance of Brookhaven chemist Wei-Fu Chen supported by projects led by James Muckerman Etsuko Fujita
and characterize the key biological proteins responsible for iron transportation. That would give researchers targets to manipulate
which development leads to large areas of dark-colored surfaces such as roofs buildings and parking lots.
Car accidents involving animals are a serious and growing problem in Europe. They pose a risk for human life
and may result in mortal victims damage to vehicles and the loss of wildlife. Specifically in Galicia the time distribution of the accidents varies according to the month the day of the week and even the time of day.
Drivers must understand that many roads pass through the habitats of these species and that it is necessary to reduce speed especially in certain seasons
Road traffic managers are also responsible for signposting the sections of the road at greatest risk.
and they often cross the roads in Galicia. The risk is greater on Sundaysthe number of accidents also increases at weekends especially on Sundays due to the increase in the volume of nighttime traffic.
As well as making drivers more aware of and signposting the more dangerous sections Lagos believes that the creation of GPS
-and mobile phone-based systems to warn drivers as they approach risk zones may be a more efficient system in Galicia and in the rest of Europe.
Spera and Mustard used imaging from NASA's Terra satellite to track land use changes in Mato grosso from 2000 to 2011.
which enabled the measurement of single brain cells during flight. The question of how animals orient themselves in space has been studied extensively
Unlike the laboratory experiments however the navigation of many animals in the real world including humans is carried out in three dimensions.
One of the more famous efforts in this area was conducted by the University of Arizona and NASA in
which they launched rats into space (aboard a space shuttle). However although the rats moved around in zero gravity they ran along a set of straight one-dimensional lines.
Bats naturally fly toward their destination--for example a fruit tree--in a straight line. In other words their normal flight patterns are one-dimensional
while the experiment required their flights to fill a three-dimensional space. The solution was to be found in a previous study in Ulanovsky's group
which tracked wild fruit bats using miniature GPS devices. One of the discoveries was that when bats arrive at a fruit tree they fly around it utilizing the full volume of space surrounding the tree.
The researchers note that for those non-flying animals that essentially move in flat space the different axes might not be perceived at the same resolution.
navigation spatial memory and spatial perception. To a large extent this is due to the development of innovative technology that allowed the first glimpse into the brain of a flying animal.
Ulanovsky believes that this trend in which research is becoming more natural is the future wave of neuroscience.
and her team have found that the Asian subspecies of great bustard one of the heaviest birds capable of flight covers migratory routes of more than 2000 miles traveling to
Great bustards found in Spain may travel only about 10 miles annually whereas those in western Russia travel about 600 miles one way to warmer wintering regions.
The Asian subspecies however is the marathon runner of the great bustard family. In Mongolia winter temperatures can drop 30 to 50 degrees below zero Kessler says.
We found that the Asian great bustards travel for an average of two months covering 1200 miles to reach wintering grounds in Shaanxi province in central China.
Local people are the stewards of their environment and ultimately decide whether a species will remain in the environment around them
In addition pumas give a wider berth to types of human development that provide a more consistent source of human interface such as neighborhoods than they do in places where human presence is more intermittent as with major roads
Wilmers said the research is helping identify corridors where pumas typically travel between areas of high-quality habitat.
when lions were struck by cars or caught raiding livestock. One male known as 16m was shown to have crossed busy Highway 17 between Scotts Valley and Los Gatos 31 times.
The study's conservation goals are meant to help lions survive in the midst of rapidly growing human development by building awareness of lions'behavior and providing safe transit opportunities under or over major highways.
Results from interviews conducted with students during this pilot indicated they dislike eating fruit for two main reasons:
and pets said Knight also a faculty member at CU-Boulder's Biofrontiers Institute and an Early Career Howard Hughes Medical Institute Scientist.
A paper on the subject was published today in the new online science and biomedical journal elife a joint initiative of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute the Max Planck Society and the Wellcome Trust fund.
The study was funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America and the National institutes of health.
Methane is a substantial driver of global climate change contributing 30 percent of current net climate warming.
It can even serve as a high-density hydrogen storage carrier that could solve problems related to hydrogen storage and distribution.
requiring a boat trip of two days along the region's stunning fjords to reach.
and natural habitats as well as a team of park rangers enforcing conservation laws that --although they had been in place
For example some nanoparticles are used as the drug delivery vehicle. We can make nanogumbos that are both the drug
and the drug delivery vehicle he said. Warner cited as one example a newly developed nanogumbos material with a provisional patent application filed that his team at LSU foresees as a lead in possible development of new anticancer drugs.
Bedbugs have made a dramatic comeback in the U s. in recent years infesting everything from homes and hotels to schools movie theaters and hospitals.
of geography-related presentations workshops and field trips. At the meeting Townsend-Small will discuss the effects lawn-management techniques have on greenhouse gas production in urban landscapes.
and fertilization due to the processing and transport required for these products and services. Landscaping is something everyone can understand Townsend-Small says.
The annual meeting features more than 6000 presentations posters workshops and field trips by leading scholars experts and researchers in the fields of geography environmental science and sustainability.
Dead fish sometimes wash up onto beaches with a negative impact on recreational activities and tourism.
Joan B. Rose1 Phd Michigan State university Department of Fisheries and Wildlife 480 Wilson Road Natural resources Bldg Rm 13 East Lansing MI 48824
In this talk we discuss the drivers affecting water sustainability and potential solutions including: adapting to a changing water world direct and indirect potable water reuse resilient water infrastructure and more holistic management of the water cycle.
Research needs to steward ecologically responsible nanotechnology will also be discussed. Confronting the water challenge: Dow technologies increase the flow1.
and runoff from Morocco's High Atlas Mountains has been dammed and redirected hundreds of kilometers to the south to irrigate oases farms in the arid sub-Saharan Draa Basin.
Warner noted that by using the isotopic fingerprinting technologies the researchers discovered a previously overlooked low-saline water source that flows naturally into the Draa Basin from the adjacent Anti-Atlas Jabel Saghro Mountains.
and at the human-made reservoir that stores and releases runoff from the High Atlas Mountains into the Draa Basin.
and agricultural waste advanced biofuels represent a sustainable nonpolluting source of transportation fuel that would also generate domestic jobs and revenue.
which in 2011 supplied 100 percent microalgal-derived advanced biofuel for the first U s. passenger jetliner flight powered by advanced biofuel.
This breakthrough allows us to create oils optimized for everything from high-performance jet and diesel fuel to renewable chemicals to skin-care products and heart-healthy food oils.
That waste can occur due to spoilage from improper storage of grain during transportation or from pests.
#First expansion of sea potato seaweed into New Englandthere's a new seaweed in town a brown bulbous balloon befitting the nickname sea potato.
UNH graduate students Lindsay Green and Hannah Traggis discovered the rapid southern expansion of Colpomenia peregrina also known as sea potato or oyster thief during a SCUBA DIVING trip in Kittery Maine in the summer
The seaweed was documented in Nova scotia in the 1960s but never on the U s. Atlantic coast until Green and Traggis's diving trip in 2011.
The seaweed was like a balloon attached to the oysters. Literally whole oyster beds disappeared because they floated away says Traggis a master's student from Buzzards Bay Mass.
#Trade emerging as a key driver of Brazilian deforestationa new study published online April 4th in the journal Environmental Research Letters finds that trade and global consumption of Brazilian beef
By estimating CO2 emissions from deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon from 1990 to 2010 and connecting the emissions to the most important direct drivers of Brazilian deforestation
Tests were carried out in wooden laboratory flight arenas stocked with artificial flowers. Bees were trained to know that sugar could be found on flowers where other foragers were present.
In laboratory flight arenas test bees did not copy other bees if they knew that those bees were visiting bitter-tasting flowers.
#NASA flies radar south on wide-ranging expeditiona versatile NASA airborne imaging radar system is showcasing its broad scientific prowess for studying our home planet during a month-long
A NASA C-20a piloted aircraft carrying the Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) is wrapping up studies over the U s. Gulf Coast Arizona and Central and South america.
The plane left NASA's Dryden Aircraft Operations Facility in Palmdale Calif. on March 7. NASA's Jet propulsion laboratory Pasadena Calif. built
and manages UAVSAR. The campaign is addressing a broad range of science questions from the dynamics of Earth's crust and glaciers to the carbon cycle and the lives of ancient Peruvian civilizations.
Flights are being conducted over Argentina Bolivia Chile Colombia Costa rica El salvador Ecuador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua and Peru.
UAVSAR uses a technique called interferometry that sends microwave energy pulses from the sensor on the aircraft to the ground.
This campaign highlights UAVSAR's versatility for Earth studies said Naiara Pinto UAVSAR science coordinator at JPL.
and its livelihood and well-being depend on services provided by marine ecosystems said JPL's Marc Simard one of the campaign's many principal investigators.
Another principal investigator Kyle Mcdonald jointly of JPL and the City university of New york Cooperative Remote Sensing Science and Technology Center (CREST) Institute is leading four data collections that will support the mapping
These studies assist scientists preparing for the launch of NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite in 2014.
JPL researcher Sassan Saatchi is using UAVSAR to study the structure biomass and diversity of tropical cloud forests in the Peruvian Andes
http://uavsar. jpl. nasa. gov. For more on NASA's Airborne Science program visit: http://airbornescience. nasa. gov. The California Institute of technology in Pasadena manages JPL for NASA.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by NASA/Jet propulsion laboratory. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
#New dual resistant tomatoes fight lethal pests with one-two punchin the battle against thrips Cornell breeder Martha Mutschler-Chu has developed a new weapon:
#Green pea galaxies could help astronomers understand early universethe rare Green pea galaxies discovered by the general public in 2007 could help confirm astronomers'understanding of reionization a pivotal stage in the evolution of the early universe
and forming the first galaxies. During this period the space between the galaxies changed from an opaque neutral fog to a transparent charged plasma as it is today.
Plasma is gas that's electrically charged. As for how this happened the prevailing theory holds that massive stars in the early galaxies produced an abundance of high-energy ultraviolet light that escaped into intergalactic space.
There the UV light interacted with the neutral hydrogen gas it met blasting electrons off the hydrogen atoms and leaving behind a plasma of negatively charged electrons and positively charged hydrogen ions.
when we looked at galaxies nearby the high-energy radiation doesn't appear to make it out.
There's been a push to find some galaxies that show signs of radiation escaping said Anne Jaskot a doctoral student in astronomy.
The Green peas are compact highly star-forming galaxies that are very similar to the early galaxies in the universe Jaskot said.
The researchers focused on six of the most intensely star-forming Green pea galaxies which are between one billion and five billion light years away.
and in this case they helped the astronomers understand the relationship between the stars and gas in these galaxies.
and Oey how much light the galaxies absorbed. Then to determine how much light was there to start with they ran models to estimate for example how old the galaxies are
and how many stars they contain. The galaxies the researchers determined produced more radiation than the researchers detected so they infer that some of it must have escaped.
An analogy might be if you have a tablecloth and you spill something on it. If you see the cloth has been stained all the way to the edges there's a good chance it also spilled onto the floor Jaskot said.
We're seeing that the galaxy is saturated with it and there's probably some extra that spilled off the edges.
and Optical Depth of Ionizing Radiation in the'Green pea'Galaxies. The research is funded by the National Science Foundation.
The U s. Clean Air Act began requiring regulatory controls for vehicle emissions in the 1970s
The pollutants products of fossil fuel combustion are emitted by cars trucks and buses. Pollutants rise up into the atmosphere
and accumulate until being washed down as wet deposition by rain or snow or as dry deposition between rain events.
Every car now has a catalytic converter that reduces tailpipe emissions. So adoption of highly efficient control technologies as uniformly as we do across the United states has resulted in lower emissions.
considering that the time period also was marked by dramatic growth in gross domestic product urban population and the number of vehicles.
and automobile manufactures are aggressively trying to develop vehicles that run on hydrogen fuel cells. Unlike gas-powered engines that spew out pollutants the only byproduct of hydrogen fuel is water.
The potential for profit and environmental benefits are why so many automobile oil and energy companies are working on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the transportation of the future Zhang said.
Many people believe we will enter the hydrogen economy soon with a market capacity of at least $1 trillion in the United states alone.
and nickel found in flowers growing in soil that has been contaminated by exhaust from vehicles industrial machinery and farming equipment.
or she interacts with the official face of the park in the form of rangers and other personnel.
This matters because when users log (or campers or drivers use) the area they can inadvertently
The gene that Parvathaneni found affects the downward transport of auxin which is made in the top part of the plant.
what researchers fear is the imminent extinction of this species. Saving the species requires a coordinated global effort in the countries where elephants occur all along the ivory smuggling routes and at the final destination in the Far east.
Results show clearly that forest elephants were increasingly uncommon in places with high human density high infrastructure density such as roads high hunting intensity
and a 17-fold increase in bear mortalities due to collisions with vehicles reported between the early 1990s and mid-2000s WCS and NDOW began a 15-year study of black bears in Nevada
and road collisions with vehicles began. Historical records compiled by retired NDOW biologist Robert Mcquivey that included old newspaper articles pioneer journals dating as far back as 1849
#Insect pests more plentiful in hotter parts of city than in cooler areashigher temperatures in cities can be a key driver of insect pest outbreaks on trees in urban areas according to research published March 27
The authors suggest several factors that may contribute to the differences they observed including farm locations storage temperature or time and transport conditions.
or Transportation which deal with invasive species in rights-of-way. We'd also like a council of invasive species experts to advise the groups that are creating the lists
but also protects developers from potential losses due to findings of negligence down the road. Our plan gives them an opportunity to develop something safe early in the process she said.
The two new species were captured first by co-author Rodin Rasoloarison of the University of Antananarivo in Madagascar during trips to the eastern part of the country in 2003 and 2007.
It traces back through Christopher Columbus'second voyage to the New world the Moorish invasion of Spain and the ancient domestication of the aurochs in the middle East and India.
They traveled the rest of the way to the continent in 1521 on the ships of later Spanish colonists.
and picked up cattle on his second voyage and brought them to the New world. Once in the New world most of the cattle eventually went feral.
Nesting hens will avoid nesting near humanmade structures and disturbances in habitat from roads to buildings to the conversion of native grasslands to cropland.
They say they want to be good stewards of the land and I believe them. Prairie chickens are an important component of that land
Hybrid ribbons a gift for powerful batterieshybrid ribbons of vanadium oxide (VO2) and graphene may accelerate the development of high-power lithium-ion batteries suitable for electric cars and other demanding applications.
and sodium ion transport have evolved rapidly in falcons and also the evolutionary novelties in beak development related genes of falcons and saker-unique arid-adaptation related genes.
and expresses a protein that transports citric acid from root tips into the soil which binds to
He added that the extra gene copies had a cumulative effect of coding for more protein that transports aluminum-binding citric acid into the soil.
This is one of the first examples in translational research using an edible plant as a delivery vehicle for a new approach to cholesterol said Judith Gasson a professor of medicine and biological chemistry director of UCLA
#Petroleum use, greenhouse gas emissions of automobiles could drop 80 percent by 2050: U s. reporta new National Research Council report finds that by the year 2050 the U s. may be able to reduce petroleum consumption
and greenhouse gas emissions by 80 percent for light-duty vehicles--cars and small trucks--via a combination of more efficient vehicles;
and greenhouse gases vehicles must become dramatically more efficient regardless of how they are powered said Douglas M. Chapin principal of MPR Associates
i e. energy cost savings improved vehicle technologies and reductions in petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions exceed the additional costs of the transition over and above
Improving the efficiency of conventional vehicles is up to a point the most economical and easiest-to-implement approach to saving fuel
This approach includes reducing work the engine must perform--reducing vehicle weight aerodynamic resistance rolling resistance
The average fuel economy of vehicles on the road would have exceed to 180 mpg which the report says is extremely unlikely with current technologies.
Therefore the study committee also considered other alternatives for vehicles and fuels including: hybrid electric vehicles such as the Toyota Prius;
plug-in hybrid electric vehicles such as the Chevrolet Volt; battery electric vehicles such as the Nissan Leaf;
hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles such as the Mercedes F-Cell scheduled to be introduced about 2014; and compressed natural gas vehicles such as the Honda civic Natural gas.
Although driving costs per mile will be lower especially for vehicles powered by natural gas or electricity the high initial purchase cost is likely to be a significant barrier to widespread consumer acceptance the report says.
All the vehicles considered are and will continue to be several thousand dollars more expensive than today's conventional vehicles.
Additionally particularly in the early years the report predicts that alternative vehicles will likely be limited to a few body styles and sizes;
some will rely on fuels that are not readily available or have restricted travel range; and others may require bulky energy storage that will limit their cargo and passenger capacity.
Wide consumer acceptance is essential however and large numbers of alternative vehicles must be purchased long before 2050
if the on-road fleet is to meet desired performance goals. Strong policies and technology advances are critical in overcoming this challenge.
The report identified several scenarios that could meet the more demanding 2050 greenhouse gas goal.
Each combines highly efficient vehicles with at least one of three alternative power sources--biofuel electricity or hydrogen.
Natural gas vehicles were considered but their greenhouse gas emissions are too high for the 2050 goal.
However if the costs of these vehicles can be reduced and appropriate refueling infrastructure created they have great potential for reducing petroleum consumption.
While corn-grain ethanol and biodiesel are the only biofuels to have been produced in commercial quantities in the U s. to date the study committee found much greater potential in biofuels made from lignocellulosic biomass
--which includes crop residues like wheat straw switchgrass whole trees and wood waste. This drop in fuel is designed to be a direct replacement for gasoline
and could lead to large reductions in both petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions; it can also be introduced without major changes in fuel delivery infrastructure or vehicles.
The report finds that sufficient lignocellulosic biomass could be produced by 2050 to meet the goal of an 80 percent reduction in petroleum use
when combined with highly efficient vehicles. Vehicles powered by electricity will not emit any greenhouse gases
but the production of electricity and the additional load on the electric power grid are factors that must be considered.
These vehicles also rely on batteries which are projected to drop steeply in price. However the report says that limited range
and long recharge times are likely to limit the use of all-electric vehicles mainly to local driving.
When hydrogen is used as a fuel cell in electric vehicles the only vehicle emission is water.
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles could become less costly than the advanced internal combustion engine vehicles of 2050.
Fuel cell vehicles are not subject to the limitations of battery vehicles but developing a hydrogen infrastructure in concert with a growing number of fuel cell vehicles will be difficult and expensive the report says.
The technology advances required to meet the 2050 goals are challenging and not assured. Nevertheless the committee considers that dramatic cost reduction
The best approach therefore is to promote a portfolio of vehicle and fuel research and development supported by both government
Overcoming the barriers to advanced vehicles and fuels will require a rigorous policy framework that is more stringent than the proposed fuel economy standards for 2025.
and vehicle technologies are close to market readiness and consumer behavior toward them is understood well The report warns that forcing a technology into the market should be undertaken only when the benefits of the proposed support justify its costs.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011