Superconducting

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Synopsis: 8. materials: Superconducting:

Besides coolant to maintain superconductivity of the yttrium barium copper oxide ceramics on board, life-support and sanity-preserving systems (such as big video screens to distract its passengers from the fact that they re hurtling through the choking darkness),

The third differentiator is the use of high-temperature superconducting maglev, which ET3 licensee Yaoping Zhang pioneered at China s Southwest Jiaotong University.

The capsules carry the superconductor, allowing for a simple guideway. Linear motors launch the capsules to jet-aircraft speeds and beyond;

Irene Rusakova a senior research scientist at the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston;

#Discovery by physicists furthers understanding of superconductivity: Experiments show Zhang-Rice singlet state in different class of materialsphysicists at the University of Arkansas have collaborated with scientists in the United states

and Asia to discover that a crucial ingredient of high-temperature superconductivity could be found in an entirely different class of materials.

In my mind the high-temperature superconductivity is the most important unsolved mystery of condensed matter physics.

Superconductivity is a phenomenon that occurs in certain materials when cooled to extremely low temperatures such as negative-435 degrees Fahrenheit.

High-temperature superconductivity exists at negative-396 degrees Fahrenheit. In both cases electrical resistance drops to zero and complete expulsion of magnetic fields occurs.

Superconductors have the ability to transport large electrical currents and produce high magnetic fields which means they hold great potential for electronic devices and power transmission.

The recent finding by the University of Arkansas-led team is important to further understand superconductivity Chakhalian said.

from conventional superconductors. There is now a whole different class of materials where you can search for the enigmatic superconductivity Chakhalian said.

This is completely new because we know that the Zhang-Rice quantum state which used to be the hallmark of this high-temperature superconductor could be found in totally different crystal structures.

Does it have a potential to become a novel superconductor? We don't know but it has all the right ingredients.

Meyers was the lead researcher. Srimanta Middey a postdoctoral research associate at the university and Benjamin A. Gray a doctoral student performed the theoretical calculations

I can make a closed circuit out of the superconducting material cool it down and attach a battery that starts the flow of the electrons.

which can be metals semiconductors dielectrics and even superconductors. This material is the newest in a growing family of two-dimensional crystals says Arend van der Zande a research fellow at the Columbia Energy Frontier Research center and one of the paper's three lead authors.

Ceramics are used in a wide variety of technologies including body armor fuel cells spark plugs nuclear rods and superconductors.

#Superconductors: Physical link to strange electronic behaviorscientists have new clues this week about one of the baffling electronic properties of the iron-based high-temperature superconductor barium iron nickel arsenide.

A Rice university-led team of U s. German and Chinese physicists has published the first evidence based on sophisticated neutron measurements of a link between magnetic properties

magnetism is believed to be essential for the origin of high-temperature superconductivity. In a new study appearing online this week in the journal Science Express scientists at Rice the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing

The research team said they hope the findings will prove useful in explaining the underlying physics of directionally dependent electronic phenomena that have been observed in several different types of superconducting materials.

Most high-temperature superconductors and many closely related compounds exhibit a number of exotic electronic phases particularly as they approach the critical temperature where superconductivity arises said Pengcheng Dai professor of physics and astronomy at Rice and the study

Explaining high-temperature superconductivity remains the foremost challenge in condensed matter physics. First documented in 1986 the phenomenon is marked by zero electrical resistance in some crystalline ceramic materials below a critical temperature.

While very cold the critical temperatures for high-temperature superconductors--between 50 and 150 kelvins above absolute zero--are relatively high in comparison with the temperatures required for conventional superconductivity.

Like most high-temperature superconductors barium iron nickel arsenide is a composite crystal. Its molecular structure consists of layers of arsenic

This state corresponds to the collective arrangement of electrons we see in magnetism and in superconductivity.

This spin excitation anisotropy sheds new light on the microscopic origins of electronic phases in the iron pnictide superconductors said Si Rice's Harry C. and Olga K. Wiess

It may help explain the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity and more generally the mechanism for superconductivity in the iron pnictide superconductors.

#Superconductivity in orbit: Scientists find new path to loss-free electricitybrookhaven Lab researchers captured the distribution of multiple orbital electrons to help explain the emergence of superconductivity in iron-based materials.

Armed with just the right atomic arrangements superconductors allow electricity to flow without loss and radically enhance energy generation delivery and storage.

Scientists tweak these superconductor recipes by swapping out elements or manipulating the valence electrons in an atom's outermost orbital shell to strike the perfect conductive balance.

Most high-temperature superconductors contain atoms with only one orbital impacting performance--but what about mixing those elements with more complex configurations?

Now researchers at the U s. Department of energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have combined atoms with multiple orbitals

Using advanced electron diffraction techniques the scientists discovered that orbital fluctuations in iron-based compounds induce strongly coupled polarizations that can enhance electron pairing--the essential mechanism behind superconductivity.

The study set to publish soon in the journal Physical Review Letters provides a breakthrough method for exploring and improving superconductivity in a wide range of new materials.

While the effect of doping the multi-orbital barium iron arsenic--customizing its crucial outer electron count by adding cobalt--mirrors the emergence of high-temperature superconductivity in simpler systems the mechanism itself may be entirely different.

Now superconductor theory can incorporate proof of strong coupling between iron and arsenic in these dense electron cloud interactions said Brookhaven Lab physicist and study coauthor Weiguo Yin.

and the 50-year-old'excitonic'theory for high-temperature superconductivity opening a new frontier for condensed matter physics.

Flowing electricity can have a similar effect on the atomic lattices of superconductors repelling the negatively charged valence electrons in the surrounding atoms.

High-temperature copper-oxide superconductors or cuprates contain in effect a single orbital and lack the degree of freedom to accommodate strong enough interactions between electricity

Shape-Shifting Atomsthe researchers first examined the electron clouds of non-superconducting samples of barium iron arsenic.

However when the scientists transformed the compound into a superconductor by doping it with cobalt the electron distribution radically changed.

We created very precise electronic and atomic displacement that might actually drive the critical temperature of these superconductors higher.

The quadrupole polarization of the iron which indicates the orbital fluctuation couples intimately with the arsenic dipole polarization--this mechanism may be key to the emergence of high-temperature superconductivity in these iron-based compounds.

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