it altered the plant s gene expression by changing the pattern of chemical groups added to its DNA rather than changing the DNA sequence itself.
Agricultural giants Monsanto, based in St  Louis, Missouri, and Syngenta, headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, are vying to license the technology."
The genetic-modification technique used, for instance, in the Roundup Ready crops made by the biotechnology giant Monsanto,
and other toxic chemicals, including diethylene glycol and N-nitrosamines (A d. Flouris and D. N. Oikonomou Br.
in part because the chemicals in e-cigarettes vary so widely. Some countries, such as Norway and Brazil, have banned the products.
Farmers can buy synthetic nitrification inhibitors such as dicyandiamide, but these are not ideal. The chemicals can be washed away,
and it would be impossible to target them to where they are needed most where grazing animals have left urine
After years of hunting, they identified a nitrification inhibitor secreted by the grass s roots.
Peters says that they have doubled the release of nitrification inhibitors and are now checking that this has decreased not the overall productivity of the grass.
Farmers dig into soil qualityefforts to bring chemical fertilizers to Sub-saharan africa are met often with concerns over harmful environmental and economic side effects.
Rapid soil-fertility assessment, a new spectroscopy technique used to analyse samples and produce site-specific soil maps for farmers,
Widespread use of chemical fertilizer has increased greatly food sufficiency in many countries, for example in China and India,
but the ecological and health effects of fertilizer chemicals raise serious concerns. China in particular, is facing a major pollution problem from overuse of nitrogen fertilizer,
Field trials to assess the ecological efficiency of organic and chemical fertilizers in different geographic and climatic settings are under way in Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda and Tanzania.
To help, researchers at CIAT developed the spectroscopy technique, which uses mid-infrared light, to precisely determine the mineral properties, nutrient content and organic chemistry of sub-Saharan soils.
Although still in its infancy, the technology could one day be used to evaluate and map the yield potential of soils across the region information that would then be relayed to farmers."
Advances in soil spectroscopy are"very promising, he adds, and spectral ana  lysis is on the agenda of a special FAO workshop on soil monitoring in Rome this December.
Most agricultural scientists acknowledge that applying only chemical fertilizers is not the solution to Africa s yield problem.
A study in New zealand now shows that the chemical can also change how native and invasive ants interact.
But he suggests that the chemicals could be used to counter The argentine ant invasion. Because they reduced the invaders'brood size,
the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology today fulfilled its threat to retract a controversial paper claiming that a genetically modified (GM) maize causes serious disease in rats,
who previously worked for biotechnology giant Monsanto for seven years.""The magazine reviewed our paper more than any other,
Food and Chemical Toxicology asked me to become an associate editor in January 2013 because of my extensive experience in the area,
The study found that rats fed for two years with Monsanto s glyphosate-resistant NK603 maize (corn) developed many more tumours
that also includes the use of other chemical attractants and pesticides, and efforts to replace single-species forests with a mix of plants.
Franklin Orrus energy nominees Chemical engineer Franklin Orr (pictured) has been tapped by US President Barack Obama to serve as the undersecretary for science at the Department of energy.
Our chemical ecology group which is led by chemist John Pickett is world leading. The idea of introducing aphid alarm pheromones into wheat to protect it against aphid attack that comes out of that group.
The two world wars, the Great depression and a 1987 international treaty on ozone-depleting chemicals put a surprising dent in the rate at
Monsanto s Droughtgard maize, which expresses a stress-response gene from bacteria. Although symbiotic plant-microbe relationships such as those of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in the roots of legumes have been known for many decades,
"A lot of companies don t think this way they go for chemical control. They think the microbes get in the way,
"The endophytes somehow protect the plants from oxidation, so the plants don t turn up all their stress defences,
Members of the Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons experiment at CERN, Europe s high-energy physics laboratory near Geneva in Switzerland, reported on 21 Â January detecting 80 of the antiatoms 2. 7 Â metres from their source (N. Â Kuroda
Chemical treatment could cut cost of biofuela mild chemical treatment that completely dissolves wood, dried grasses and other indigestible plant matter could greatly improve the efficiency of converting waste biomass to fuel.
Other academic and industrial scientists say that the chemical treatment is promising, but that it is too early to tell
mild chemicals known as ionic liquids can do the trick, as can harsh acids. But ionic liquids are generally expensive to make,
10 16 january 2014industrial blast An explosion at a chemical plant in Japan on 9 Â January killed 5 and injured 12.
) At Louisiana State university in Baton rouge, researchers will assess the long-term risks to bees from chemicals used in large-scale mosquito-abatement programmes.
Novartis woes The Japanese health ministry filed a criminal complaint on 9 Â January against Swiss pharmaceutical firm Novartis,
Novartis s Japan unit has acknowledged the complaint on its website. Cloud computing IBM has invested US$1 Â billion in the IBM Watson Group,
along with 2, 4-D could drive evolutionary selection for weeds that are resistant to the chemical,
Male scent stimulates female goats fertilityresearchers had ascribed this'male effect'to chemicals known as primer pheromones a chemical signal that can cause long-lasting physiological responses in the recipient.
When exposed to a cocktail of 18 of these chemicals the brains of female goats showed a sudden increase in the activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh) pulse generator the neural regulator of reproduction.
4-ethyloctanal, a chemical not previously found in nature and that has an orangy, floral odour.
the chemical elicited a similar, albeit weaker, response, and the cocktail showed less of an effect
None of the other chemicals appeared to have a statistically significant effect. The work is published today in Current Biology1.
says Zia Haq, a chemical engineer and senior analyst at the US Department of energy, which has helped to fund the plants.
and companies towards an alternative approach that converts cellulose into hydrocarbon fuels using chemical rather than biological processes.
He and others see more promise in a different approach to breaking up cellulose a brute-force combination of temperature, pressure and chemistry.
After further treatment and refining with the help of chemical catalysts both can be turned into hydrocarbons such as petrol, diesel and jet fuel.
the system could be switched to making hydrocarbon fuels or higher-value chemical products. Enerkem plans to build similar plants in Mississippi and Quebec next year,
Research funding, too, is shifting to thermo  chemical methods, says Haq.""That doesn t mean we re abandoning cellulosic ethanol,
Haq thinks that longer-lived catalysts will further reduce the costs of thermo  chemically produced cellulosic hydrocarbons in coming years.
Specifically it changes the chemistry of the eggshell so that it can take in biliverdin a bile pigment from the chicken's uterus.
Ozone holes like that over Antarctica (which today are due to an entirely different cause related to man) could form as solar particles interact with the atmosphere in a cascade of chemical reactions.
How Do You Dispose of Chemical Weapons? In the midst of a particularly brutal civil war international attention focused on the Syrian government's use of chemical weapons against civilians.
With a potential deal on the table for Russia to take and store Syria's chemical weapons here is a look at what chemical weapons are and
what it takes to safely dispose of them. Broadly a chemical weapon is a toxic chemical delivered by an explosion such as a bomb artillery shell or missile.
Chemical weapons injure and kill people through horrific reactions including choking nerve damage blood poisoning and blistering.
The first chemical weapons used in World war i were released gases from canisters. Today chemical weapons are carried typically liquids in bombs or shells.
The chemicals like sulfur mustards commonly called mustard gas) or sarin are dispersed in the air like a mist. Technically this means they aren't gases;
they're liquid aerosol with droplets carried through the air. World war i saw the first major use of chemical weapons with 124000 metric tons of chemical agent unleashed by nations including the UK Germany and France.'
'There's no easy solution there's no pixie dust magic vaporization portal.''Before WORLD WAR II Italy used chemical weapons in Ethiopia and during WORLD WAR II Japan used them in China.
Throughout the Cold war both the Soviet union and the United states developed and stockpiled chemical weapons. While the United states never used them in war a declassified CIA document alleges Soviet use during their invasion and occupation of Afghanistan.
Egypt was the first country to use chemical weapons in war after WORLD WAR II. Egypt joined a civil war in Yemen in 1963 where the Egyptian militarty dropped sulfur mustard bombs on enemy troops sheltering in mountain caves.
Iraq's dictator Saddam Hussein used sulfur mustards and the nerve agent Tabun against Iran in the 1980s during the Iran-iraq war and against the Kurdish people in northern Iraq in 1988.
Chemical weapons appear to have been used against civilians in the ongoing Syrian Civil war between the dictatorial regime of Bashar al Assad and a loose collection of rebel groups.
Syria's chemical weapons stockpile predates the recent conflict. Following a series of military defeats in war against Israel the Syrian government began amassing sulfur mustards sarin and VX (a nerve agent.
Syria could have acquired its first chemical weapons as early as 1973 and publicly admitted to a stockpile in 2012;
a foreign ministry spokesman said the weapons would only be used against foreign intervention. There is! In fact there have been several.
The first treaty banning chemical weapons actually predates their use. At the 1899 Hague Convention signatories agreed to not use Asphyxiating or Deleterious Gases.
Currently chemical weapons are banned by the Chemical Weapons Convention a treaty adopted by the General assembly of the United nations that took effect in 1997.
and use of chemical weapons mandates their destruction and encourages international cooperation in chemistry and the chemical trades.
Five countries have not signed the treaty: Angola North korea Egypt South Sudan and Syria. The convention is fairly strict about what counts as a chemical weapon.
Agent orange a herbicide and defoliant used by the United states in the Vietnam war does not count as a chemical weapon under the rules of the treaty
despite the fact that it has been linked to cancer heart disease and birth defects. Al Mauroni director of the USAF counterproliferation center in Alabama and author of Chemical Demilitarization:
Public Policy Aspects tells Popular Science that disposal depends on how the weapon was designed: There are two major ways to dispose of chemical weapons:
incineration and neutralization. Incineration uses a tremendous amount of heat to turn the toxic chemical into mostly ash water vapor and carbon dioxide.
Neutralization breaks the chemical agent down using water and a caustic compound like sodium hyrdoxide. Both ways generate a waste product:
and you suspect there might be some chemicals in them he says. The field expedient way if you're in a hurry is to blow it up in place.
Army Explosive Ordinance Demolition teams would use a 10-to-1 ratio of explosives to suspected chemical weapons.
The Army has a mobile chemical weapons disposal unit. The United states has nine chemical weapons sites where America's stockpile of chemical weapons is being disposed.
While the mobile site is getting press related to Syria Mauroni thinks it has a more mundane purpose.
and Mauroni says they both have leakers in their stored chemical weapons so the mobile unit goes out to neutralize the chemical agent.
There are precursor chemicals which are used the components to make a chemical weapon that aren't the weapon itself yet
and those are easier to dispose because they might have industrial applications and can be sold to companies.
The countries that have the most experience getting rid of chemical weapons are the United states and Russia owing to their massive Cold war chemical weapons stockpiles.
According to Mauroni Russia had 40000 tons at its peak while the United states amassed around 30000 tons.
which 16 metric tons of chemical weapons that they gave to the United states for disposal. Destruction was completed in 2007
In 1986 Congress passed a law mandating destruction of chemical weapons in the United states and while a tremendous amount of the stockpile has been destroyed the work will continue well into the next decade with the last site set to start disposal in 2020.
It's going to get very expensive very challenging to maintain security to move chemical weapons
Nevertheless the German army was the first to give serious study to the development of chemical weapons
Mustard gas an almost odourless chemical was distinguished by the serious blisters it caused both internally and externally brought on several hours after exposure.
While inflicting serious injury upon the enemy the chemical remained potent in soil for weeks after release:
or antidote chemicals) were the norm and proved highly effective although working in a trench while wearing such respirators generally proved difficult and tiring.
http://www. hi-techcentre. com/2013/09/11/fyi-how-do-you-dispose of-chemical-weapons/You may enjoy the first picture in the article too.
That wasn't a leak from the chemical site. Really it wasn't even a leak.
What you are thinking of was a chemical weapons test in the 60s and due to a stuck valve it affected a larger than planned area.
Kelsey's level of ignorance when it comes to chemical weapons is astounding. Its as if he just read a few stories without any fact checking
Most countries with a chemical weapons program today use binary agents. That means there is a primary
Are some chemical weapons easier to destroy than other? There are precursor chemicals which are used the components to make a chemical weapon that aren't the weapon itself yet
and those are easier to dispose because they might have industrial applications and can be sold to companies.
Don't be such a dick. Easiest way nuke em'.'Wouldn't make many friends but effective.
It might be cheaper and safer to launch these chemicals into outer space. If the containers were designed to leak slowly the poisons may dissipate enough to become harmless.
But all green plants also carry a set of chemicals called carotenoids. On their own these look yellow or orange carotenoids give color to corn and carrots for example but they re invisible beneath the chlorophyllic green of a leaf for most of the year.
Most trees have evolved to produce a different set of chemicals called anthocyanins when it s bright and cold in autumn.
and that chemistry is one mean bitch who proved biology that without knowledge and common sense you'll quickly find yourself out of the gene pool:
I am a chemistry physics and math teacher at a private school and I can assure you that peanut oil will do exactly the same thing shown in this video.
or chemical adjustment that would bring about a solution. They just had to experiment. âÂ#Âoeyou have to have the right ingredients the right temperature the right hardwareã¢Â# Huff says.
Thus this is a modern enlightened liberal congregation of feel-good back-to-the-Earthmother vegan hippies who are not vaccinating their children with the wicked chemicals of the modern world.
In contrast livestock such as pigs and cows are expensive produce noxious chemicals such as methane and ammonia and take up land
They used gas chromatography and mass spectrometry both techniques that tell chemists what molecules appear in a sample to conduct a metabolomic analysis of the coffees.
Perhaps the gastric juices and the microbes in the civet digestive system give beans a distinctive acid profile the researchers wrote in a paper they published in July in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
This is the first time anyone has been able to determine what chemicals to look for when distinguishing Kopi Luwak from regular coffee the researchers wrote.
but it is chemtrails the program of doping the earth's atmosphere with weather control chemicals from high flying jets not fossil fuels that caused it.
so saturated with chemical that any new contributions simply precipitated out. Since 1997 most manifestations associated with climate change have been recorded.
which causes antifreeze chemicals to be produced (in those that do this) but this process is triggered over a period of time measured in days
These elements cultivate chemical reactions with the base spirit adding aromatic molecules to produce flavors such as coconut vanilla and fruit.
Down with Monsanto & its ilk!!Heck no we won't Gee-Moe Heck no we won't Gee-Moe--cheesy
Chemicals! Technology! Big ag! The uncertainty of modern development! Like it or not most of what we eat in the U s. has been touched
and biotech worlds Shetterly wrote in her piece though her piece does little to explain why beyond the notion that powerful agricultural corporations like Monsanto are preventing research into unknown allergens that might arise from genetic engineering.
Monsanto is a multi-billion dollar corporation. It's massive. They have the pockets to spread their garbage
They just passed a silent bill that states companies like Monsanto cannot be sued or stopped if the genetically modified food causes harmful side effects.
As the Washington Times points out the provision s success is viewed by many as a victory by companies like Syngenta Corp Cargill Monsanto
Read more here-rt. com/usa/monsanto-congress-silently-slips-830/Popsci do you're homework.
Sincerely-Joe www. joesid. comnotice-This slate writer was found to have been a Monsanto consultant and writer.
but careless actions with them and legal barriers like the ones put in place by Monsanto are dangerous practices.
namely the bullying of small farmers by large agro companies like monsanto. The cross-pollination bit is the perhaps the most disturbing thing but
Why would the government pass a bill to protect Monsanto if they caused harmful effects?
and Chemical Toxicology found that rats fed on a diet of 33 per cent NK603 corn
and digestive problems. www. english. rfi. fr/americas/20120920-monsanto-gm-maize-may-face-europe-ban-after-french-study-links-cancersincerely-Joewww. joesid. compoor rats...
and Empmortakaten. www. businessinsider. com/monsantos-roundup-and-resistant-corn-found-to-be-toxic-2012-9sincerely-Joewww. joesid. comtangsten thank you for the link.
The study cited in the article was a 2-year toxicology study of rats fed Monsanto's Roundup-resistant NK103 maize (corn) and the herbicide Roundup.
www. businessinsider. com/monsantos-roundup-and-resistant-corn-found-to-be-toxic-2012-9it says:
Also to address your misconception about chemical weapons in Iraq. They WERE there at one time. Saddam Hussein used them during the 1980's against Iranian and Kurdish civilians.
That presented the possibility that those chemical and biological weapons could end up in the hands of terrorists;
After proposing the use of rats in long-term experiments it exposed that Monsanto and every other case study did not do a long-term study.
and market authorizations for the thousands of chemicals and GM foods that were authorized on the basis of these studies should be revoked.
in order to avoid being sued by corporations like Monsanto in case of accidental seed distribution. They made the law
because about 11 farmers a year get sued for this reason in the United states. There's no need to point at one case since Monsanto won every case.
Monsanto simply outspends the defendants dedicating $10 million a year and 75 staffers for the sole purpose of investigating
Farmers who have sued Monsanto back have been defeated soundly. More sources on this documentation: http://thinkprogress. org/health/2012/11/21/1224761/farmers-insurance-sued-by-corporations/Monsanto claims not to sue farmers who have been cross pollinated by their neighbor's crops
but every year they sue and are paid when that trace amount becomes questionable. They claim they don't
Monsanto website states this: Can a farmer be sued when a small amount of GM crop seed blows into a neighbor s fields?
It has never been nor will it be Monsanto policy to exercise its patent rights where trace amounts of our patented traits are present in farmers fields as a result of inadvertent means.
Instead the burden of proof is on Monsanto to investigate the legitimacy of these claims and to resolve the issue as quickly
Sincerely-Joewww. joesid. comeven with Monsanto's disturbing sphere of influence both inside and outside government it is still surprising to see such disbelief that GMO's negatively impact health.
What a credit to Monsanto's propaganda. Thank you Tangsten for exposing the raving origins of
A study was published recently examining adverse effects of Bacillus thuringensis (aka the Bt toxin) that Monsanto builds into their corn and soy.
and he's kind of an expert. http://wwwi-sis. org. uk/Bt-toxin. phpit is no coincidence that Monsanto has invested so much money in our politicians and against measures such as California's Prop 37.
Why else would Monsanto help raise $45 million to prevent a bill requiring them and other companies to label GMO's on their products?
1. A 2008 long-term study commissioned by the Austrian Agency for Health and Food safety looked at how Monsanto s genetically modified corn currently eaten
ÃÃÚÂ Ã 2. A comparative analysis published in the International Journal of Biological sciences examined the health effects of three different varieties of Monsanto-developed GMO corn on mice.
and other blood-making organsã¢Â#Âll of which are signs of severe toxicity. 3. This past year Food Chemical Toxicology published the results of a two-year study conducted by scientists at the University of Caen
Monsanto s GMO corn is engineered to be immune to glyphosate-based weed-killers such as Monsanto s trademarked Roundupãherbicide used on crops and fields nationwide.
and are forcing farmers to dump even more varieties of toxic chemical herbicides and pesticides on our foods in order to stay ahead of nature s race.
GMO corn contains an extremely high level of formaldehyde a chemical linked to adverse health effects and various forms of cancer.
and luxury to not eat the chemicals and GMO foods-but if you have to choose inbetween GMO food
what are the chemical and physical changes that occur that cause 3. 9 billion year old igneous rock to suddenly turn into ground up settled 1 day old sedimentary rock?
Monsanto does exactly that and it is a huge cause of farmer bancruptcy in the third world
and one of the main reasons Monsanto is considered to be among the most unscrupulous corporations in the world.
The collapse of the North american biosphere. would it be too much to presume for me to see the hand of Monsanto in this;
Profit-mongering chemical corporations and profit-hungry farmers already have too much control over the industrial food-supply.
Instead of printing a test tube out of plastic to do chemistry in let's print our test tube out of tissue.
People normally do a reaction purify the chemicals take the drug add it to cells look at the response formulate maybe do animals
and nanoscientist developing a 3-D printer to manufacture medicine using chemical inks. Instead of printing a test tube out of plastic to do chemistry in let's say we now print our test tube out of tissue
and we do chemistry in the tissue and look at the response in real time. That's where things get really interesting.
If bioprinted assays provide pharmaceutical researchers with better quicker data the entire drug-discovery process will accelerate.
To turn deserts into a viable spot for carbon sequestration the researchers assembled a diverse team of specialists with knowledge ranging from irrigation and carbon sequestration to desalination and economics.
The paper suggests planting Jatropha curcas in the desert along the coast of the Arabian peninsula setting up a desalination plant to provide the water needed for irrigation
{4}+ i epsilonthe desalination plants to provide water for the trees need to be powered by solar or some other renewable energy source.
desalination is not the answer but I do know what is s
#Could Parables Help Solve The World's Thorniest Problems? A common response to global problems like climate change and overpopulation is apathy
because few of you understand the chemistry involved in preserving the food you eat. If you did you would stop eating most processed food altogether.
and a large number of tests on these chemicals to prove they are not good or to prove they are fine.
Researchers at the Monell Chemical Senses Center made a startling discovery while investigating the sense of taste in mice:
The taste buds on the tongue include lots of taste receptors little bits of protein that bond with other chemicals to detect and signal flavor.
Taste receptors are little more than chemical sensors used by the brain for a purpose. No doubt these receptors are used to assess the condition of the internal organs such as ph fluid content etc. so it's not a stretch to think that taste receptors could be utilized to ensure the proper conditions for sperm production.
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