Implementation of VTT's long-term recommendations requires the construction of new biorefineries for manufacturing highly refined products such as absorbing materials and membranes cellulose-based textiles bio-based chemicals
The Rice study detailed this week in the American Chemical Society journal Environmental science and Technology emerges as the Environmental protection agency (EPA) prepares technical guidance for higher ratios of ethanol in fuels.
and a limited number of chemicals released from e-cigarettes. Future research should explore emissions
They used chemicals to extract DNA and purified it. The team had to separate the tree DNA from that of the bacterium.
Dirk HÃ lscher from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena Germany and an international team of researchers have discovered that some banana varieties accumulate specific plant toxins in the immediate vicinity
which not only cause ecological damage but can also have severe negative effects on the health of people who are exposed to these chemicals.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology and their colleagues from universities in Leuven (Belgium) Jena Kassel-Witzenhausen Halle Bonn and Bremen as well as the Leibniz Institute for Natural Product
Local accumulation of defensive substances in infected regions of root tissues inhibits further propagation of the pestthe researchers used modern spectroscopic analysis
The above story is provided based on materials by Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
And some of them create chemical bonds with components in the soil and form the so-called bound residues.
what chemical structures they have hidden could not yet been evaluated. By applying the so-called 13c-method Kästner
If the pesticide has undergone a chemical bond with the humus bound residues are allocated to the Type 2
The work by Kono and his Rice colleagues appeared online recently in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters.
senior research scientist Rolf Arvidson and Andreas LÃ ttge a research professor of Earth science and chemistry all of Rice.
X-ray crystallography and more recently nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are the most common tools to see how the amino acids in a protein chain arrange themselves based on their attractive and repulsive energies
They serve as sensors for chemical signals and fulfill their tasks by changing their configurations to trap chemical compounds Morcos said.
Using behavioural assays researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena Germany
Although a number of cultural biological and chemical control methods have been suggested for billbugs in turfgrass
and IPSL-CM5A-MR-WRF developed by the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL) which brings together several environmental science laboratories attached to CNRS including LSCE. 5 The three scenarios selected are RCP2. 6 4. 5 and 8. 5. RCP stands for'Representative Concentration Pathways'.
They have shown that in fact the color of an aluminum nanoparticle provides direct evidence of the amount of oxidation of the aluminum material itself.
The paper appears in the American Chemical Society (ACS) journal ACS Nano. Manufacturing pure aluminum nanoparticles has been a roadblock in their development for plasmonics
The labs also characterized the weakening effect of naturally occurring but self-passivating oxidation on aluminum surfaces.
The calculations should be of great interest to those who use nanoparticles as probes in Raman spectroscopy where quantum tunneling between particles can dampen electric fields
and others exposed to agricultural chemicals. In the new study Lipton along with Rajesh Ambasudhan Ph d. research assistant professor in the Del E. Webb Center and Rudolf Jaenisch M d. founding member of Whitehead Institute for Biomedical
They also have an abundance of genes for communication between cells via signaling proteins including small secreted effectors highly expressed during symbiosis. Plant roots send out a plethora of chemical signals
and placed in hives 90 days before bloom begins The most part of the honey produced in Mexico is exported mostly to Europe where health standards are very high mainly concerning chemical residues.
and hematologic malignancies wrote first author Mazyar Shadman M d. M p h. a senior fellow in the Clinical Research Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center.
The above story is provided based on materials by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
The research team tested ten known protective chemical nutrients found in foods like broccoli grapes apples tofu
Magnetic pollen replicas offer multimodal adhesionresearchers have created magnetic replicas of sunflower pollen grains using a wet chemical layer-by-layer process that applies highly conformal iron oxide coatings.
and a nonnatural oxide chemistry this work provides a unique demonstration of tunable bio-enabled multimodal adhesion.
--while the oxide chemistry provides an adhesion mode that operates over much longer distances--up to one millimeter.
and has been accepted for publication in the journal Chemistry of Materials. A just-accepted version of the manuscript has appeared online.
The adhesion properties of the magnetic pollen-shaped particles were analyzed then by graduate student Ismael Gomez and professor Carson Meredith both from Georgia Tech's School of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering.
Now that we know how to generate such particle replicas there is certainly more chemical tailoring that we can explore for adhesion said Sandhage who also holds an adjunct position in Georgia Tech's School of Chemistry and Biochemistry.
Through the proper combination of pollen shape synthetic chemistry and thermal treatments we can significantly expand the range of properties of these pollen replicas.
and release oxygen and water said Max Messinger a biology graduate student who worked with chemistry lab manager Marcus Wright to assemble
In an intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) study each time a targeted neuron is active it fires an action potential--a chemical and electrical change that can be recorded for later analysis. Like never before the researchers can witness in human subjects
Now in research published in The Journal of Biological Chemistry the researchers present the first characterization of
Using NMR spectroscopy the researchers discovered that the coat is made up of two types of exopolysaccharides (EPS)
not only measure the chemistry of rocks elemental abundances of soils and wind speeds but also take an incredible number of images from both mast-mounted cameras
which visual and chemical cues would combine to attract high numbers of beetles. Trap trees are used to concentrate
Because the trees differ in their chemistry relating to beetle attraction and colonization differences in beetle responses are to be expected he added.
Without this initial chemical signalling the beetles couldn't aggregate on the same tree Erbilgin noted.
Beetle attacks also induce a release of a volatile tree chemical 3-carene. Field tests conducted by Erbilgin
and carotenoids-healthy antioxidant substances-in sofrito by using a high resolution mass spectrometry technique. The results have been published in the'Food Chemistry'magazine
and they show the presence of at least 40 types of polyphenols. These compounds produced by plants and
We usually think of animals'chemical signals (called pheromones) as communication systems that convey only very simple sorts of information said Christina Grozinger professor of entomology and director of the Center for Pollinator Research Penn State.
and analyzed their chemical compositions using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Finally the researchers presented the gland extracts to worker bees
She then treated them in a variety of chemical baths mounted them between large glass slides
and lead to new treatments said Judith Gasson a professor of medicine and biological chemistry director of UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and senior associate dean for research at the Geffen
and is an alternative to chemical control says Klingen. The death that awaits ticks exposed to this fungus is inhumane;
The study by Shahsavari graduate student Navid Sakhavand and former Rice postdoctoral researcher Prakash Muthuramalingam now a postdoctoral researcher at Universit Paris-Est appears online in the American Chemical Society
's Journal of Physical chemistry. The lab analyzed a dizzying array of potential interactions for two synthetic microporous materials known as zeolitic imidazolate frameworks ZIF-95 and ZIF-100.
Aside from storing hydrogen for fuel ZIFS show potential for size-selective catalysis environmental remediation and for use as molecular sieves.
nitrification inhibiters; water table management; tile bioreactors; constructed wetlands; buffer strips; and conversion of row crops to CRP or perennial crops.
%That's because the amount of cancer-causing chemicals is higher in secondhand smoke than in the smoke inhaled by smokers.
and extracellular matrix that may contribute to calcification and other valve diseases Grande-Allen said.
which suggests a similar heart-friendly role for the tearless onions as well as a possible role in managing weight gain in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
Colin C. Eady and colleagues note that the onion has a unique chemistry that leads to its tear-inducing effects when cut.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Chemical Society. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Endometriosis risk linked to two pesticidesa Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center-led study has found that two organochlorine pesticides are associated with an increased risk of endometriosis a condition that affects up to 10 percent of reproductive
Since endometriosis is driven an estrogen condition we were interested in investigating the role of environmental chemicals that have estrogenic properties such as organochlorine pesticides on the risk of the disease she said.
or banned in the U s. for the past several decades these chemicals were detectable in the blood samples of women in our study
The take-home message from our study is that persistent environmental chemicals even those used in the past may affect the health of the current generation of reproductive-age women with regard to a hormonally driven disease.
The above story is provided based on materials by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
T. reesei chews through materials naturally cutting through the chemical wrapping much like a person with scissors cuts through a tightly wrapped ribbon around a gift freeing the inner contents for enjoyment.
and improve upon the best ones to create a potent chemical cocktail a mix of enzymes that accomplishes the task super efficiently.
The key to the work is a chemical probe the team created to monitor the activity of many enzymes at once.
The heart of the system known as activity-based protein profiling is a chemical probe that binds to glycoside hydrolases
Many of the measurements for the study such as the measures of protein activity using mass spectrometry were done at EMSL the DOE's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory on the PNNL campus. Wright's team included Lindsey
while others fell--in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Ana Rodriguez-Mateos and colleagues note that eating blueberries is associated with several health perks including improved thinking reduced risk for heart disease and reduced inflammation.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Chemical Society. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Male birth defect weakly linked to pesticide exposurea study of several hundred chemicals used in commercial pesticides has found only weak evidence that any of them are associated with a common birth defect in male infants.
which the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis rather than on the Tip in the most detailed study of the largest data sets done to date 292 individual chemicals
and 57 groups of structurally similar chemicals were analyzed. Of those the study identified 15 that had possible associations with hypospadias.
We didn't see many chemicals that suggested an increased risk and of those that did most of them were used infrequently said Suzan Carmichael Phd associate professor of pediatrics
In addition to exposures to individual chemicals and compounds the researchers looked at exposure to multiple chemicals
whether there is or is not a real risk associated with these chemicals said Gary Shaw Drph professor of pediatrics at Stanford
and the fertilizer value of potassium chloridein the chemical age of agriculture that began in the 1960s potassium chloride (KCL) the common salt often referred to as potash is used widely as a major fertilizer in the Corn belt without regard to the huge soil reserves that were recognized once for their fundamental
Reptile and arthropod venoms are complex chemical cocktails. Some venom components have evolved to mimic chemicals made by the human body such as endothelin-1
which causes blood vessels to constrict during bacterial infections. At the same time mammals have evolved immune responses to venom which in some cases escalate into maladaptive allergic reactions.
but over many decades says Mayer U of C professor of geochemistry and head of the Applied Geochemistry Group.
Identifying the mechanismnext the scientists used radio-labeled carbon (C-14) to decipher the biochemical mechanism by which PDAT increases oil production.
which could help scientists build an even better more healthful broccoli in ACS'Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Chemical Society. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Illinois river otters exposed to chemicals banned decades agoresearchers report that river otters in Central Illinois are being exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS)
More research is needed to understand the factors that contribute to the river otters'exposure to these chemicals Mateus-Pinilla said.
The sensors make use of microfluidic technology--developed by Abraham Stroock associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering--that places a tiny cavity inside the chip.
and in Hungary Slovenia and India reported their results this week in the online edition of the American Chemistry Society journal ACS Nano.
Akos Kukovecz an associate professor of chemistry and ZÃ ltan KÃ nya head of the Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry both at the University of Szeged Hungary;
and Pulickel Ajayan the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Mechanical engineering and Materials Science and of chemistry at Rice.
Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of mechanical engineering and materials science and of computer science at Rice.
or above a critical threshold for ecological damage according to a study published in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry
The environmental scientists experts in air quality atmospheric chemistry and ecology have been studying the fate of nitrogen-based compounds that are blown into natural areas from power plants automobile exhaust and--increasingly--industrial agriculture.
The vast majority 85 percent of nitrogen deposition originates with human activities explains principal investigator Daniel J. Jacob Vasco Mccoy Family Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Engineering at the Harvard
and has become an international standard for modeling atmospheric chemistry over time. Actual levels of future nitrogen deposition will depend on a complex interplay of economic legal and environmental factors.
The paper appears this week in the American Chemical Society journal ACS Nano. Carbyne is a chain of carbon atoms held together by either double
and how thin a rod you could make from a given chemical Yakobson said. We had a paper 10 years ago about silicon in
Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Mechanical engineering and Materials Science a professor of chemistry and a member of the Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
and further develop these nutritive-rich ingredients is being sought from the recently established (2010) Global Institute for Food security (GIFS) says co-author of the study Dr. Nicholas Low a Professor of Food Chemistry at the Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University
My collaborators Dr. Rong Wen and Dr. Byron Lam at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute in Florida first sought my expertise in mass spectrometry to analyze cells cultured from a family
I can readily detect dolichols by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry Guan said. Using these techniques he analyzed urine
and blood samples from the six family members and found that instead of dolichol-19 the profiles from the three siblings with RP showed dolichol-18 as the dominant species. The parents who each carry one copy of the mutated DHDDS gene showed intermediate levels of dolichol-19 and higher
They think this mass spectrometry-based detection method will help physicians provide more personalized care to RP patients especially to young children whose retinal degeneration has developed not fully.
Oxidation prevention is already big business but no products available now work on the scale of
The researchers made small sheets of h-BN via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) a process they said should be scalable for industrial production.
Ajayan is the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Mechanical engineering and Materials Science and of chemistry at Rice.
and silos was the use of chemical substances such as aluminum phosphide and methyl bromide which were effective but left toxic residue for human consumption.
Study results appear in the Oct. 2013 issue of the journal Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.
Using novel chemical informatics strategies Ray's lab screened half a million compounds against the DEET receptor to identify substitutes.
In the future using this algorithm we could find chemicals that activate DEET receptors but are substantially different with far better properties than DEET.
Second studyin a separate study published Oct 1 in the journal e-Life Ray's group discusses a computational method developed by Boyle for screening thousands of chemicals
Scientists have used recently the Canadian Light source (CLS) to evaluate the effects of various sources of supplemental nitrogen fertilizer on the chemical composition of soil organic matter.
Gillespie and his colleagues from AAFC the University of Saskatchewan St francis Xavier University Lakehead University and the CLS tested the hypothesis that the chemical composition of SOM would be different
The invention of synthetic fertilizer where nitrogen is taken from an inert chemical form in the air and turned into ammonia has had a profound effect on nitrogen cycling.
#Biochar quiets microbes, including some plant pathogensin the first study of its kind Rice university scientists have used synthetic biology to study how a popular soil amendment called biochar can interfere with the chemical signals that some microbes
and Technology is the first to examine how biochar affects the chemical signaling that's routinely used by soil microorganisms that interact with plants.
One strain spoke with a type of chemical communication commonly used by soil microbes and the other listened.
Rhizobia eventually developed a chemical to inhibit the defense response in legumes and make those plants recognize it as a friend.
when exposed to the chemical signal from the rhizobia bacteria. They found that the plants did receive the signal and like legumes inhibited the normal plant immune system.
In lab tests followed by field experiments the researchers found that trenbolone does not fully break down in water as believed retaining enough of a chemical residue to regenerate itself in the environment under certain conditions to an extent that the drugs'lives may be prolonged even in trace amounts.
We're finding a chemical that is broadly utilized to behave in a way that is different from all our existing regulatory
Sunlight is one catalyst for breaking down compounds in the environment. But in this study by simulating day
Once invasive plants become established they can alter soil chemistry and shift nutrient cycling in an ecosystem.
Rout and colleagues first confirmed that the invaded soils of the prairie did indeed have higher levels of nitrogen phosphorous and iron-derived chemicals compared with the non-invaded prairie soils still dominated by native plants.
Moreover these changes to the soil chemistry not only increase the competitive edge of this invasive species but also can inhibit
As the surface structures affect not only the mechanical and chemical properties but also the electronic thermal and optical parameters these findings will be of relevance to metals used in a variety of applications.
and the bacteria are resistant to being grown in the laboratory the only option for halting transmission of citrus greening has been to apply chemical pesticides to control the insect that spreads the bacteria Dandekar said.
and waterways by agricultural chemicals as well as carbon costs because of vehicles and artificial fertiliser necessary to maintain the pasture.
and Policy Program a joint program of the Fielding School of Public health and the School of law shows that in at least one case the system failed by approving a chemical called methyl iodide for use on strawberries.
Until we find safer alternatives to chemical pesticides it is extremely important that the evaluation of new pesticides is thorough.
Robertson and his colleagues grew carbon nanotubes on a conductive copper surface that was coated with co-catalysts cobalt and molybdenum.
When the interaction of metals was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy it revealed the creation of a more supportive substrate for the forests to root in.
When we used specific chemical tags to dye the pectin red and cellulose green we saw for the first time that pectin surrounds the torus and forms ringlike structures at the margin of the torus.
and fractionation difficult--the first step in extracting natural chemicals from wood to make products ranging from medicinal polymers to sugars that are the basis for bioenergy systems.
The Clean Air Act of 1970 significantly reduced sulfur dioxide emissions but decades of acid rain already had changed the soil chemistry of many sensitive regions including the White Mountains of New hampshire
and Chemistry analyses blood samples from spectacled caiman in Costa rica and finds that intensive pesticide use in plantations leads to contaminated species in protected conservation areas.
What they found could provide a blueprint for a material used for artificial ligaments a chemical-free way to protect crops from insects and a new insight on how human muscles function.
The chemical structure of the silk allows the substance to adhere to most substances underwater.
but try to put super glue in your bathtub without it ever getting a chance to dry says Jeff Yarger professor of chemistry biochemistry
but farmers may soon have a chemical-free way to protect their plants from these voracious pests by turning their natural growth cycle against them.
which means a universal and chemical-free pest control method may be on its way. Muscled mothsalthough few gym rats want to admit it whispery moth wings
Recent interest in reducing chemical inputs into cranberry growing systems has led researchers to evaluate alternative methods such as flame cultivation as a potential nonchemical weed control option.
and manufacturers because two materials can have the same chemical composition but very different mechanical properties depending on their grain size.
#Grassroots action in livestock feeding to help curb global climate changein a series of papers to be presented next week scientists offer new evidence that a potent chemical mechanism operating in the roots of a tropical
Referred to as biological nitrification inhibition or BNI the mechanism markedly reduces the conversion of nitrogen applied to soil as fertilizer into nitrous oxide according to papers prepared for the 22nd International Grasslands Congress.
and other countries and they have recently been taken back to Africa to help ease severe shortages of livestock Feed in a major breakthrough JIRCAS scientists discovered several years ago the chemical substance responsible for BNI
and developed a reliable method for detecting the nitrification inhibitor coming from plant roots. Scientists at CIAT then validated the BNI concept in the field demonstrating that Brachiaria grass suppresses nitrification
and nitrous oxide emissions compared with soybean which lacks this ability. Other research has shown that deep-rooted productive Brachiaria grasses capture large amounts of atmospheric carbon--on a scale similar to that of tropical forests--a further plus for climate change mitigation.
The farmer clones also carry bacteria that secrete chemicals to fend off amoebae that don't bother to do their own farming.
Amoebas carrying chemical weaponsbut the situation was actually more complex than this. Brock quickly realized that some of the bacteria found in association with the Dicty weren't edible.
Producers of bamboo textiles maintain their products are processed antimicrobial without chemicals non-pollutant biodegradable and recyclable.
& Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS) held in Indianapolis this week. We found that advanced sewage treatment reduced the levels of pyrethroids by more than 97 percent said Kurt N. Ohlinger Ph d. who presented the results of the study.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Chemical Society. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
A new study by a team of researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center may help provide some insight.
Some of the same brain regions and neurological chemicals that control human social behavior are involved probably in fish social behavior as well.'
The above story is provided based on materials by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#New cell component important to tea and wine-makingscientists have discovered where plants build tannins complex chemicals used by plants for defence and protection.
and ribosomes that are essential for protein synthesis. Each organelle also produces a range of chemicals for the cell.
and in more samples they examined spectra light signatures of chemicals. What they found was that these strange organelles were producing tannins.
The most intriguing finding from this study is the very close proximity of the tannin polymerization system and the photosynthesis supercomplexes.
Burlingame who is with Allylix Inc. a renewable-chemical firm in Lexington Ky. spoke at a symposium entitled Biopesticides:
and use a chemical process to convert it into nootkatone. Allylix said the process made it possible to market nootkatone at a competitive price.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Chemical Society (ACS. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011