Energy flows from the bottom of an ecosystem up the ladder to human society. Even today many people in Mongolia live just like their ancestors did.
Hanqin Tian an ecologist at Auburn University in Alabama who studies modern grasslands is working on models to correlate ancient grass production with the tree-ring records of weather.
#Predation on invertebrates by woodland salamanders increases carbon capturewoodland salamanders perform a vital ecological service in American forests by helping to mitigate the impacts of global warming.
and raise awareness of the ecological role woodland salamanders play in the forest carbon cycle. The renowned evolutionary biologist E. O. Wilson once said it is the little things that run the world Dr. Welsh said.
Ecological theory asserts that grazers can counteract the effects of over-fertilizing in most cases
These differing strategies create a diverse grassland ecosystem. In the human-altered world where nutrients are always plentiful plants that put their effort into growing tall to capture sunlight have an advantage.
In fact the deer are preventing forests from establishing says Anurag Agrawal Cornell professor of ecology
Co-author Antonio Ditommaso Cornell associate professor of weed ecology and management and research technician Scott Morris gathered soil cores--from both within and outside of fenced deer exclosures
As religious icons in Southeast asia and a key species of the forest ecosystem their decline is of serious cultural and ecological concern.
and potential consequences said Nuria Selva leader of a project funded by the National Science Centre to investigate the ecological effects of supplementary feeding.
and for taking a wider ecosystem perspective rather than focusing on single issues or species said Teresa Berezowska-Cnota co-author of the study.
This snapshot of the world of flu virus diversity in birds is the outcome of many years of ecology
which borrows on approaches used by ecologists to estimate the diversity of flu viruses in a particular location.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences.
Despite ruminant livestock's poor image as major greenhouse gas emitters sustainably managed grazing can increase biodiversity maintain ecosystem services
Metaboliteswith colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (Germany) the KU Leuven researchers identified the metabolites that kill the nematodes.
This model change has significant ecological consequences. The role of forests is essential for climate change mitigation and biodiversity preservation amongst others.
and the Missouri Ozarks according to a new report by the U s. Forest Service and partners that assesses the vulnerability of the region's forest ecosystems
Central Hardwoods Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Central Hardwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project was published by the U s. Forest Service's Northern Research Station
and care about the ecosystems in the Central Hardwoods Region. In the Central Hardwoods the effects of a changing climate are expected to include rising temperatures due to a rise in greenhouse gas concentrations leading to longer growing seasons.
The BEEHAVE model published today in the Journal of Applied Ecology was created to investigate the losses of honeybee colonies that have been reported in recent years
It involved collaboration between ecologists and modellers from Exeter (Professor Osborne Dr Becher and Dr Kennedy who started the project at Rothamsted Research) Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research--UFZ Leipzig (Professor Grimm and Ms
Professor Osborne's research group studies the behaviour and ecology of bees and other pollinators.
The results are the first ecological evidence of complex behaviour in plants. They indicate that this species has a structural memory is able to differentiate between inner and outer conditions as well as anticipate future risks scientists write in the journal American Naturalist.
therefore that plant intelligence is entering the realms of ecological possibility. But how does the Barberry know what is in store for it after the tephritid fruit fly has punctured a berry?
which shows that temperate ecosystems consisted not just of dense forest as often assumed but rather a mosaic of forest and parkland says postdoctoral fellow Chris Sandom.
Bring back the large animals to Europeif people want to restore self-managing varied landscapes they can draw on the knowledge provided by the new study about the composition of natural ecosystems in the past.
An important way to create more self-managing ecosystems with a high level of biodiversity is to make room for large herbivores in the European landscape--and possibly reintroduce animals such as wild cattle bison and even elephants.
and maintain a varied vegetation in temperate ecosystems and thereby ensure the basis for a high level of biodiversity says senior scientist Rasmus Ejrnã s. The study received financial support from the 15 june Foundation and a grant from the European Research Council.
They are already threatening whole patches in a kaleidoscopic quilt of chemical diversity that underpins these ecosystems.
#Spanish forest ecosystems: Carbon emission will be higher in second half of centuryspanish forest ecosystems will quite probably emit high quantities of carbon dioxide in the second half of the 21st century.
This is the conclusion of a report that reviews the results obtained from the implementation of the forest simulation model GOTILWA+a tool to simulate forest growth processes under several environmental conditions
The report was published on the latest issue of the ecology and environment journal Ecosistemas edited by the Spanish Association of Terrestrial Ecology.
Peer review was led by professors Santiago Sabatã and Carlos Gracia of the Department of Ecology at the University of Barcelona (UB) and the Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF) and the expert Daniel Nadal of UB
's former Department. The study analyses data obtained from the simulation forest growth model GOTILWA+(Growth Of Trees Is limited by WATER) based on ecophysiological processes.
The model enables to explore the effects of climate change on forestry ecosystems under changed environmental conditions
it will have a negative impact on other ecosystems for example on rivers. The most sensitive areasthe most sensitive areas to climate change effects are Mediterranean forests of evergreen oak Alepo pine
Particularly it is essential to consider that Mediterranean forest ecosystems'growth is limited already by water availability.
and are an important element of many ecosystems throughout the world. Not only do fires discourage nonnative and invasive species from becoming established
For plants that are adapted to ecosystems where fire is a regular occurrence--such as savannas grasslands
For instance it may be advantageous to use species from the specific ecosystem under study when creating the solutions.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences (ACES.
#Less snowpack will harm ecosystem, study showsa new Boston University study shows that the consequences of milder winters--a smaller snowpack leaving the ground to freeze harder and longer--can have a negative impact on trees and water quality of nearby aquatic
ecosystems far into the warmer growing season. In a paper in the journal Global Change Biology BU biology Prof.
but it affects the winter as well said ecologist Templer currently on fellowship at Harvard university noting that winter snowpack has been shrinking over the past 50 years due to climate change
Orange underbellies of female lizards signal fertilityaustralian lizards are attracted to females with the brightest orange patches--but preferably not too large--on their underbelly according to research published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Ecology
and therefore monopolize key resources needed to maintain Earth's fragile ecosystems. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Michigan State university.
Plants are suited best to specific ecological conditions. You don't find mesquite trees growing in Canada
In a recent review in Ecology Letters with colleagues at Yale and the University of Texas at Austin Mcart and Adler survey the literature
Their work which is relevant to disaster areas worldwide is reported in this week's Forest Ecology and Management.
but also take into account the animals inhabiting the ecosystem and human livelihoods. They also noted that such efforts could benefit from more targeting of areas most favored by pandas.
The emphasis on genetic diversity is a relatively new concern in ecosystem restoration projects where there has been an understandable urgency to move plants and animals back into an area as quickly as possible.
and ecology for projects that build better strategies to preserve the surprisingly distinct eelgrass meadows of San francisco bay.
The model described online in the journal Ecology Letters could help generate similar predictions for other forests too.
Some ecologists could use that information to learn how much one species is displacing another over a wide area
James Kellner assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at Brown University the paper's lead and corresponding author noticed what seemed like implausibly large canopy growth in LIDAR images collected by the Carnegie Airborne
There's definitely basic ecological interest in understanding what might be called the rules of the game Kellner said.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences (ACES.
This environmental evidence jibes with our behavioral interpretations of Proconsul anatomy--as being adapted for a life of climbing in the trees--and with present-day monkey and ape ecology.
--and once you have that it changes the picture of how this virus evolved said Michael Worobey a professor of ecology
--either intentionally or unintentionally as a side effect of global farming and industry--is having a destabilizing effect on global grassland ecosystems.
Led by Yann Hautier a Marie Curie Fellow associated with both the Department of Ecology Evolution
The researchers found that plant diversity in natural ecosystems creates more stable ecosystems over time because of less synchronized growth of plants.
They used this information to quantify species diversity and ecosystem stability. Says Hautier: It was really striking to see the relationship between diversity
The results of our study emphasize that we need to consider not just how productive ecosystems are
and how biodiversity is related to both aspects of ecosystem functioning says Andy Hector. The researchers also found that grassland diversity
and we have less stable ecosystems when we have more nutrients coming into that system says Borer.
Borer and Seabloom led a small group of scientists who created Nutnet to standardize the way that ecology research is conducted.
The group ultimately wants to continue experiments for at least ten years to gather information about long-term trends in plant species diversity and ecosystem stability extinctions species invasions and many other important changes in the world
This is true in genetic ecological and nutritional terms. Small farmers by contrast in many places continue to grow a range of species and multiple varieties that form the basis of their diet and nutrition.
and medicines as well as wild animal-sourced foods increase the likelihood that subsistence farmers with access to natural ecosystems meet their nutrition and health needs.
and we want them to hang due to nutritional ecological and other conservation advantages. Scaling up even more Zimmerer looked at potato fields on the landscape level--typically groups of 5 to 15 communities
The researchers published their findings in the current issue of the Journal of Chemical Ecology.
and human-modified forests that have lost many of their original ecological characteristics. Modified Orangutan behaviour which sees them increasingly spending time on the ground
Through carbon credit sales from avoided deforestation the Makira REDD+Project will finance the long-term conservation of one of Madagascar's most pristine remaining rainforest ecosystems harboring rare and threatened plants and animals
and the ecosystem few scientists have observed insects adapting to a plastic-rich environment he said.
The nests containing plastic were among more than 200 artificial nest boxes monitored by Macivor as part of a large-scale investigation of the ecology of urban bees
In the study researchers of biological and environmental science collaborated with researchers of multi-objective decision making from the field of information technology.
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences (ACES.
and negative--when they sprayed the herbicide dicamba on old fields--ones that are used no longer for cultivation--and on field edges according to J. Franklin Egan research ecologist USDA-Agricultural research service.
The researchers who report their findings in the current issue of Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment did not see a drop in the number of pollinators such as bees in the fields.
whether there are shared genes relating to similar forms of behavior across a very wide range of animals said Amy Toth assistant professor of ecology evolution and organismal biology Iowa State.
It has been conducted by tropical ecologists of the University WÃ rzburg Biocenter jointly with colleagues from the LOEWE Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (Bik-F Frankfurt/Main) and the Institute for experimental Ecology of the University
and are more resistant to fungiâ#explains Professor Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter a tropical ecologist at the University of WÃ rzburg's Biocenter.
whether and how intensified farming affects these services provided by the ecosystem. This research has been carried out in close cooperation with teams from the Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (Frankfurt/Main) and the Institute of Experimental Ecology at the University of Ulm.
The tropical experts conducted experiments in twelve areas on the slopes of Mount kilimanjaro in Tanzania located in all three cultivation systems (Chagga gardens shade plantations and sun plantations.
Shaky foundations in sun plantationsâ#oehowever it is likely that these seemingly stable ecosystem services rest on shaky foundations in the sun plantationsâ#believe the WÃ rzburg scientists.
#They have been produced by a research group that focuses on the ecosystems of Mount kilimanjaro and is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG).
and interannual changes in Amazon forests and other ecosystems. Scientists who use satellite observations to study changes in Earth's vegetation need to account for seasonal differences in the angles of solar illumination
and to explore the influence of drought on corrected vegetation indices said Scott Goetz an ecologist at Woods Hole Research center in Woods Hole Mass. who was not involved with the Nature study.
and opportunity for remote sensing scientists to work more closely with ground-based ecosystem scientists.
Scaling our knowledge of forest canopies from measurements of individual leaves to satellite observations of the entire Amazon basin requires a deep understanding of both forest ecology
The researchers say this theory suggests that mountainous ecosystems have acted like Earth's thermostat addressing the risk of'catastrophic'overheating or cooling over millions of years.
Co-author Yadvinder Malhi Professor of Ecosystem Science at Oxford University said: This study shows how trees can act as brakes on extreme climate change
But as we are learning there are other ways that forest ecosystems can impact the climate.
Using the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Model-E2 global Earth system model the researchers were able to simulate the terrestrial ecosystem emissions and atmospheric chemical composition of the Pliocene and the preindustrial era.
and industrial emissions but in a warmer future world the natural ecosystems are just going to bring the ozone
Honey bees provide ecosystem services through pollination of crops worth $215 billion annually worldwide. Concern over honey bee declines in recent decades as well as annual losses has sparked debate over their causes
and pathogens play in species declines said Dr. Peter Daszak Disease Ecologist and President of Ecohealth Alliance.
If herbicides are a key factor in the declining diversity then thriving species would be more tolerant to widely used herbicides than rare or declining species according to J. Franklin Eganresearch ecologist USDA-Agricultural research service.
Egan worked with David Mortensen professor of weed and applied plant ecology and Ian Graham an undergraduate student in plant science.
The study conducted by Gary Mccracken professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and led by UA's Laura LÃ pez-Hoffman is the first to examine how bat ecosystem services change over time.
It is published in this week's edition of the journal PLOS ONE. There are more than 1200 bat species
and technological substitutes such as Bt cotton can affect the value of an ecosystem service even
when ecosystem function in this case bat population numbers may remain constant said Mccracken. The findings fuel a discussion as to
and natural pest control diminish the importance of protecting ecosystems said LÃ pez-Hoffman . While our research shows a diminished value of pest control due to fluctuations in market conditions our larger analyses show that conservation is still economically beneficial.
'The study published this week in the Journal of Applied Ecology looked at data from 94 previous studies covering 184 farm sites dating back to 1989.
Climate change and deforestation are changing tropical ecosystems isolating organisms in protected areas that will change
According to lead author Dr. Jantz Maintaining connectivity of forest ecosystems provides ecological and societal benefits ensuring long-term species survival
and providing room for ecosystems to reorganize in response to climate change and protecting ecosystem services that people depend on.
Co-author Dr. Goetz sees corridors as avenues for migration of flora and fauna needed for their survival under the climate change we're already committed to.
although these areas would significantly benefit from the ecological and technical functions of this technology Papafotiou explained.
Rethinking the role of foraging in urban ecosystem planning, managementpublished today these exploratory studies point to the importance for planners managers
They began to experiment with green space policies that explicitly seek to integrate social economic and ecological concerns in urban environments recognizing
and ecosystem needs of low income urban neighborhoods that do not have large expanses of undeveloped land
When drug traffickers moved in they brought ecological devastation with them. For example the researchers found that the amount of new deforestation per year more than quadrupled in Honduras between 2007 and 2011--the same period when cocaine movements in the country also spiked.
U s.-led militarized interdiction for example has succeeded mainly in moving traffickers around driving them to operate in evermore remote biodiverse ecosystems.
The research team investigated adaptive radiation--the explosive evolution of species into new ecological niches powered by natural selection--of New world Leaf-nosed bats.
#Better sweet corn research, better productionwhile grain yield is economically important in field corn production there are other metrics more important in sweet corn grown for processing said Marty Williams a USDA-ARS ecologist and University
The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences.
and wildlife ecology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who studies the deliberate molasses-slow animals in northeast Costa rica.
Modern ecological studies show that they quickly follow burning and disturbance of forests in the region.
The findings have huge importance for ecological studies or rainforests as the historical role of people in managing the forest vegetation has rarely been considered.
I was particularly curious of the ecological role of this root adaptation explained Frida Piper a terrestrial ecosystem ecologist at the remote research center Centro de Investigaciã n en Ecosistemas de la
As the authors point out adaptive radiations that is the explosive evolution of species into new ecological niches have generated much of the biological diversity seen in the world today.
The key word is appear said Talbot Trotter the study's lead author and a research ecologist with the U s. Forest Service's Northern Research Station.
In 2010 thousands of'citizen scientists'were asked by two professional ecologists to collect records of leaf damage from across the country as part of a project called'Conker Tree Science'.
Dr Michael Pocock an ecologist at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and lead author of the research paper said This is the sort of science that anyone can Do by taking part the public are doing real science
The above story is provided based on materials by Centre for Ecology and Hydrology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
A paper describing the research appears in the journal Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment. I was surprised to see all the different birds that are using these agricultural fields--especially during spring migration said Kelly Vanbeek a wildlife biologist at the Wisconsin Department of Natural resources who conducted the study while a graduate student at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Some of the birds using no-till fields are grassland species that have been in decline across the Midwest for decades said Michael Ward a professor of natural resources and environmental sciences at Illinois and an author of the study.
and environmental sciences professor and department head Jeffrey Brawn a co-author of the study. Generally row crops are not good for wildlife Brawn said.
we had lost completely those predator species that bring some ecological balance. We may not be balanced in a situation yet
and conservationists could work together to maximize the ecological role that no-till lands are already playing in the Midwest.
These agricultural fields are not ecological wastelands. There's some value there. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
#Ecologists: No magic bullet for coffee rust eradicationspraying fungicide to kill coffee rust disease which has ravaged Latin american plantations
since late 2012 is an approach that is doomed to failure according to University of Michigan ecologists.
Instead management practices focused on maintaining the complex web of ecological interactions among coffee plantation organisms--including insects fungi plants birds
and abundance of beneficial insects and opens the plantations to winds that help disperse coffee rust spores according to U-M ecologist John Vandermeer
Vandermeer is a professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and at the School of Natural resources and Environment.
#Salamanders help predict health of forest ecosystems, inform forest managementwoodland salamanders are small lungless amphibians that live in moist forest habitats throughout the U s. and the world.
their population size and recovery from major disturbances can help predict the health of forest ecosystems.
and can predict how ecosystems recover from forest logging activity. MU researchers believe these findings can be translated to other species within forest ecosystems throughout the world.
One of our primary interests is in conservation of amphibians and the habitats that they utilize said Ray Semlitsch Curators'Professor of biological sciences in the College of Arts and Science at MU.
#Ecological impacts of human responses to climate anticipatedthroughout history humans have responded to climate. Take for example the Mayans who throughout the eighth
Such land transformations while necessary to ensure future crop productivity can themselves have large ecological impacts
Humans can transform an ecosystem much more rapidly and completely than it can be altered by shifting temperature
A 15-member Shorepower Advisory board drawn largely from regional experts in environmental science and policy will help oversee the project.
The research published today in the Journal of Applied Ecology reveals that prolonged exposure to a pyrethroid pesticide
Honey and pollinationhoney bees as all insect pollinators provide crucial ecosystem and economic service which is relevant for our food security.
#Bigheaded fossil flies track major ecological revolutionsimon Fraser University's Bruce Archibald and Rolf Mathewes are part of a team of biologists including Christian Kehlmaier from Germany's Senkenberg
According to their research published recently by The Canadian Entomologist these fossils show their early evolution parallels an ecological revolution one that formed the character of our modern natural communities.
With these new discoveries we see that the early history of these oddly shaped insect predators provides a part of the puzzle revealing the broad ecological-evolutionary revolution of expanding predator-prey relationships
and increasing biodiversity during the formation of new ecosystems says Archibald. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Simon Fraser University.
The study was led by Nate L. Stephenson of the U s. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research center. Three Oregon State university researchers are co-authors:
They measured growth in about 495 tree species. CTFS does very important work facilitating collaboration between forest ecologists worldwide
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena Germany have now found that ants also keep harmful leaf pathogens in check.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology have looked now more deeply into the insect-plant interaction asking
The above story is provided based on materials by Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
since food is a crucial survival tool and an adaptation to the animal's specific life story and ecology.
and other critical ecosystem services coordinated land use should play a key role in agricultural policy
basic ecosystem service. Adding The results don't show that wild pollinators actually do all the work
In the case of the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem this would be the migratory wildebeest herds
Data were collected from GSM-GPS telemetry devices attached to three species of vultures in Mara-Serengeti ecosystem of East Africa.
Rainer Lohmann a professor at the URI Graduate school of Oceanography is collaborating with a researcher at the Southwest Fisheries science Center in California to learn about the health and ecology of fur seals that winter in different locations in the South Pacific.
But internal waves which are hidden entirely within the ocean can tower hundreds of feet with profound effects On earth's climate and on ocean ecosystems.
Beyond their effects on climate internal waves can play a significant role in sustaining coral-reef ecosystems
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011