These kinds of adaptations of existing structures are common in natural history notes Robert Berwick a co-author of the paper who is a professor of computational linguistics in MIT's Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems in the Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science.
and they also accumulated more compounds linked to stress resistance. According to the authors organic farming exposes plants to greater stress than conventional farming.
and may mean that the virus does not have to actively replicate in the cells where the resistance to drought occurs according to Roossinck.
However patients eventually develop resistance to treatment. There is a great need to better understand the molecular mechanism of resistance
and develop new gene-targeted therapies that can circumvent resistance said the authors. In this study the researchers also reported for the first time that IKBKE is a target of STAT3 a transcription factor that plays a key role in many cellular processes such as cell growth
and programmed cell death. According to the researchers STAT3 is activated frequently in various types of human cancers and when activated STAT3 increases IKBKE overexpression and protein levels.
While IKBKE induces chemotherapy resistance knocking down IKBKE sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy and reduces cancer cell survival.
A typical BECCS system converts woody biomass grass and other vegetation into electricity chemical products or fuels such as ethanol.
The technology can be used in power plants paper mills ethanol processors and other manufacturing facilities. As a carbon-negative technology BECCS takes advantage of the innate ability of trees grasses
Approximately 60 percent of global CO2 emissions come from power plants and other industries fueled by coal natural gas and oil.
To make the process carbon negative researchers have proposed a BECCS co-fired power plant that runs on a mixture of fossil fuel (such as coal) and vegetation (wood grass or straw for example.
Unlike BECCS and biochar systems which produce electricity or fuels mechanical trees do not generate power
and disease resistance as a way to eliminate unpromising lines early in the process. To do this the K-State team including graduate students Nan An Brent Christenson
and pest-resistance concerns of traditional insecticides scientists are reporting. The advance toward broadening applicability of the so-called sterile insect technique (SIT) appears in the journal ACS Synthetic biology.
and Imaging the De Montfort University team#along with Dr Michael Watts from The british Geological Survey Keyworth Nottingham UK#has identified varieties that are low in arsenic but high in essential trace elements such as
#oefurthermore energy costs (electricity or diesel) will be lower as there will be less need for them to pump groundwater for irrigation#Haris says.
and Technology are the latest in a long effort to understand the environmental aspects of antibiotic resistance which threatens decades of progress in fighting disease.
The propagation of antibiotic resistance has been perceived as a medical or microbiology-related problem Alvarez said.
and/or oxygen through successive generations they found that in the absence of tetracycline both microbes dumped the resistance plasmid though not entirely in the case of E coli.
But P. aeruginosa completely shed the genetic element responsible for resistance which made it susceptible once again to antibiotics.
When a high level of tetracycline was present both microbes retained a level of resistance One long-recognized problem with antibiotics is that they tend to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory.
So there is incentive to eliminate the resistance plasmid from bacteria in the environment as close to the source as possible.
His study of the Haihe River in China funded by the Chinese government and published last year found tetracycline resistance genes are common in the environment there as well.
Third year Crispin Thomas who is interested particularly in Medieval carpentry helped survey the ground with an auger--a drilling device that tests resistance to see how deep top soil is.
and outline those associated with rubber biosynthesis rubber wood formation disease resistance and allergenicity. The rubber industry is affected by rubber blight--a fungal disease
This will lead to assistance in latex production wood development disease resistance and allergenicity. Story Source:
With its resistance to corn rootworm Below explains Bt corn has healthier and more active roots than corn without the resistance trait.
%The large leaf area and low aerodynamic resistance of these types of trees lends itself to enhanced evapotranspiration compared to other vegetation cooling the surrounding air and leading to cooler surface temperatures.
Earlier calculations by the group indicated 2-D born would conduct electricity better than graphene.
and forestry to improve the resistance of plants to insect pests he said. In the short term though this is basic research that is driven by the curiosity of ecologists to understand nature better.
which caps emissions from certain industries such as electricity production and aviation and allows regulated sources to trade emission allowances.
because in contrast to electricity production and aviation emissions from agriculture are covered not by the EU ETS.
Buying energy efficient appliances still makes a lot of sense as they often save more on electricity bills than the extra cost incurred in buying them
Dr Perino recommends that to reduce emissions in EU ETS sectors such as electricity production people should put pressure on politicians to reduce the cap of the EU ETS.
#Genome sequence of 90 chickpea lines decodedin a scientific breakthrough that promises improved grain yields and quality greater drought tolerance and disease resistance and enhanced genetic diversity
and low diversity genome regions that may be used in the development of superior varieties with enhanced drought tolerance and disease resistance.
and lack resistance to the diseases they carry. Shifting parasite distributions could have ripple effects on people too.
but the switch to electric stoves has been slow apparently due to the cost of stoves and electricity as well as cultural preferences.
Using electricity generated by coal-fired plants to power the cars defeats the purpose to some extent but
b) converting energy crops into electricity for BEVS rather than producing ethanol; and C) using PVS to convert sunlight directly into electricity for BEVS.
Because land-use decisions are local Geyer explains he and his colleagues examined five prominent sun-to-wheels energy conversion pathways--ethanol from corn
or switchgrass for internal combustion vehicles electricity from corn or switchgrass for BEVS and PV electricity for BEVS--for every county in the contiguous United states. Focusing the LCA on three key impacts--direct land use
life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fossil fuel requirements--the researchers identified PV electricity for battery electric vehicles as the superior sun-to-wheels conversion method.
while today's thin-film PV is at least 10-percent efficient at converting sunlight to electricity.
It means it's going to take longer for an electron to get from point A to point B with some voltage applied.
It has developed resistance to against more than 50 insecticides including DDT Bt toxins among others making the use of chemicals as a control measurement become ineffective.
Insecticide tolerance or resistance may have contribution to the option of detoxification pathway in insect herbivores.
In this study researchers found DBM has a larger set of insecticide resistance-related genes than silkworm (B. mori) that had little exposure to insecticide over 5000 years of domestication.
and omentin-1 proteins that can lead to inflammation and a prediabetic condition know as insulin resistance in individuals with early metabolic syndrome.
Risk factors include having a large waistline low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) or good cholesterol high blood pressure as well as high fasting blood sugar (insulin resistance) and high triglyceride levels.
High chemerin levels for example correlated with high blood pressure elevated levels of C reactive-protein protein (a sign of inflammation) and triglycerides insulin resistance and low levels of HDL cholesterol.
and insulin resistance it could also emerge as part of a biomarker panel to define high-risk obesity states.
and conducts electricity and heat like a metal wire. In this week's issue of Science the researchers describe an industrially scalable process for making the threadlike fibers which outperform commercially available high-performance materials in a number of ways.
Nanotubes'conductive properties--for both electricity and heat--rival the best metal conductors. They also can serve as light-activated semiconductors drug-delivery devices
or genes for resistance to diseases afflicting tomato plants. These stretches of genetic uniformity illustrate the need to increase overall genetic diversity in modern varieties
of which shows this super accuracy adds Associate professor Andrea Morello from UNSW's School of Electrical engineering and Telecommunications.
Incentives for a conservation-minded approach could be used to help offset potential differences in profit the researchers suggest.
and to plant breeders for their ability to provide plants with natural resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
and disease resistance scientists are now looking at ways to develop tomato cultivars that boast higher antioxidant traits.
To date wild tomato species have been used widely for improvement of tomato disease resistance but have not been explored extensively for health-related traits.
and environmental taxes on electricity and gasoline is the most effective way for politicians to get consumers to understand the problems of smoking and pollution.
In the USA tobacco and environmental taxation on electricity and petroleum is an important component in explaining problems with consumption.
From analysis of US data there is a large signaling effect seen for tobacco electricity and petroleum taxation.
DANMAP is integrated the Danish antimicrobial resistance monitoring and research programme. In 2013 the total use of antimicrobials in livestock
Unfortunately antimicrobials also cause the bacteria to protect themselves by developing resistance to the type of antimicrobials that are used to treat them.
and bacteria can infect each other with resistance. However resistant bacteria are poor at surviving if antimicrobials are not present.
therefore antimicrobial resistance in one country can cause problems outside of its borders. As such the use of antimicrobials in both animals and humans is a global problem.
To support the goal of making the system available worldwide it had to be simple enough for field researchers to use consistently able to be transported in backpacks to locations without electricity
and coal-fired electricity generation--negating any gains. According to the study China the world's largest producer of CO2 emissions increased its carbon intensity by 3 per cent during a period of unprecedented economic growth.
Likewise the carbon efficiency of China's coal-fired power plants improved by 10 per cent
and other highly emission-intensive processed materials and the associated electricity generation to support their production.
of Massachusetts Amherst has taken a major step in developing long-sought polymer architecture to boost power-conversion efficiency of light to electricity for use in electronic devices.
and converting it to electricity. The breakthrough in morphology control should have widespread use in solar cells batteries
#Biodiversity does not always improve resistance of forest ecosystems to droughtscientists from INRA in collaboration with WSL (Switzerland)
and European colleagues studied the resistance of forests to drought according to the diversity of tree species. Due to climate change parts of the world will face droughts that will affect forest health.
Scientists from INRA in collaboration with WSL 1 (Switzerland) and European colleagues studied the resistance of forests to drought according to the diversity of tree species. Contrary to
what was accepted commonly by scientists species diversity does not systematically improve tree resistance to drought in forest ecosystems.
and resistance to insect pests and diseases but whether or not diverse forests are adapted also better to deal with drought stress remains unknown.
To shed more light on the effects of biodiversity on the resistance of European forests to drought scientists from INRA in collaboration with WSL and European colleagues studied 160 forest stands with a variety of tree diversity
tree diversity may afford resistance to drought stress only in drought-prone areas i e. in regions where the frequency and severity of drought during the growing season is high.
We plan to continue this research to further improve the mechanical and thermal properties as well as the wear resistance of the nanocomposites says Guo.
The increasing resistance of pest insects to Bt is another reason to look deeper into the natural insect adaptations against plant defenses.
Cities and their power plants are the largest sources of human-produced greenhouse gas emissions and are the largest human contributors to climate change.
to other megacities smaller cities and large power plants. This involves establishing surface measurement networks in representative areas while taking advantage of the broader coverage of satellite observations.
and conduct both heat and electricity. This scanning electron microscope image shows the network of conductive nanoribbons in Rice university's high-density graphene nanoribbon film.
when a voltage is applied. The researchers were also able to preserve their transparency. The films are still useful for deicing applications
When voltage was applied to either side of the slide the ice melted within minutes even
and also Olympic long jump medalist Mitchel Watt and Olympic champion hurdler Sally Pearson since 2010 as well as a host of world junior track and field athletes Dr Greenwood said.
and gut microbes influence processes from digestion to disease resistance. Despite the fact that tropical forests are the most biodiverse terrestrial ecosystems on the planet more is known about bellybutton bacteria than bacteria on trees in the tropics.
In the same forests the team also placed traps configured with decoys bearing a 4000-volt charge to electrocute
if the voltage was applied to the decoys. According to Domingue the light-scattering properties of the beetle's shell--which the team experimentally demonstrated using a white laser--made the nano-bioreplicated decoys more lifelike and therefore more attractive to males than the non-textured 3d printed decoy.
since the 1990s that JA played a role in plant resistance but von Wettstein and Rustgi are the first to document how it actually takes place.
Rustgi said it was a surprise to discover that the JIP60 genes are connected also to boron sensitivity and disease resistance in cereal grains.
-and pest-resistance traits of other grasses using a legion of genetic tools that can reduce crop losses
Their first effort involves transferring a gene from jointed goatgrass a wild relative of wheat to confer resistance to stripe rust.
them into a kind of salt known as a polyelectrolyte. They then employ cage-like crown ethers to capture the potassium ions that would
but gave the process a spin with a different preparation so now we're the first to make neat fibers of pure carbon nanotube electrolytes.
The nanotube electrolyte solution could be protected from oxygen and water which would have caused precipitation of the nanotubes he said.
or nuclear fuel to generate electricity it saves water. From mining to generation coal power consumes more than twice the water per megawatt-hour generated than unconventional gas does.
Unconventional drilling's water demand can be better or worse than alternative energy sources the study finds.
but cheap abundant natural gas may limit their deployment as new sources of electricity. On the other hand fracked gas requires less than a hundredth the water of corn ethanol per unit of energy.
But when natural gas replaces coal as a fuel for generating electricity the benefits to air quality include lower carbon dioxide emissions than coal and almost none of the mercury sulfur dioxide or ash.
While the increased gas supply reduces air pollution in U s. cities downwind from coal-fired power plants we still don't know
because one particular resistance gene Rp1-D21 doesn't turn off. It's similar to a human having an autoimmune response that never stops Balint-Kurti says.
Balint-Kurti said the top candidates made sense as they mostly appear to be linked to defense or disease resistance.
and a new global database on power plants to create high-resolution planetary maps. These maps provide a scientific independent assessment of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions--something policy-makers can use
and a global database on power plants to create a CO2 emissions map broken down by hour year and region.
and pesticides in order to reduce the escalating problem of resistance evolution. Furthermore current efforts are found insufficient to reduce the accumulating costs from chronic disease
A particular worry is unaddressed that the need for management of evolution that spans multiple sectors will lead to the spread of new infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance genes between natural human health and agricultural systems.
For example farmers in the United states and Australia have used planting of pest-friendly refuges to delay evolution of insect resistance to genetically engineered corn and cotton.
Providing refuges of conventional plants has been especially effective for suppressing resistance in the pink bollworm an invasive pest of cotton.
Evidence of persistent carriage of this new livestock-associated strain and its drug resistance has led to restrictions on the non-therapeutic use of antibiotics in livestock overseas.
but also for Western countries where antibiotic resistance is seriously increasing. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Lund University.
which will help reduce antibiotic resistance and may also help reduce this type of event.
Biological pest control pays offthe study showed that resistance to common insecticide pymetrozine varies considerably among the Finnish whitefly populations.
whereas whiteflies from greenhouses treated with insecticides over the years showed initial signs of resistance development.
The laboratory recreation of a fungus-derived antibiotic viridicatumtoxin B may someday help bolster the fight against bacteria that evolve resistance to treatments in hospitals and clinics around the world.
but bacteria are building resistance to a lot of them Nicolaou said. This new tetracycline is not plentiful in nature
Our expertise in antibiotic resistance and his synthesis of viridicatumtoxin B and analogs were a perfect opportunity for us to work together on an important problem.
This reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance selection and has positive implications for both human and animal health.
and genetic adaptation and establishes a framework for investigating the biological mechanisms behind disease resistance
which can lead to an increasing resistance against antibiotics. This causes big problems for breeders when using artificial insemination the method most commonly used in assisted reproductive technology in pig production worldwide.
However many types of bacteria quickly develop resistances to the usually applied antibiotics. Hence it is important to look for new antimicrobial alternatives.
This is a benefit for people as well as the occurrence of resistance will be reduced if fewer antibiotics are used.
and electricity for the biorefinery but if other uses for lignin could be found with higher economic value it would significantly improve the refinery's overall economics.
#Statistical model predicts performance of hybrid ricegenomic prediction a new field of quantitative genetics is a statistical approach to predicting the value of an economically important trait in a plant such as yield or disease resistance.
and Huazhong Agricultural University China has used the method to predict the performance of hybrid rice (for example the yield growth-rate and disease resistance).
Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.
Mitochondria are the power plants of a cell generating most of a cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) used as a source of chemical energy.
and can lead to fungicide resistance said Natalia Peres associate professor in plant pathology who led the system's development.
Third too much fungicide helps build chemical resistance for the disease Vansickle said. The study written by Vorotnikova Borisova
and disease resistance said Thomas Colquhoun an environmental horticulture assistant professor and study co-author. Developing a new blueberry variety can take more than 10 years so before investing that time scientists
When bacteria are exposed to antibiotics they protect themselves by developing resistance. They do this by changing their genes either by mutating
or by transferring resistance genes among themselves. It is therefore important not to overconsume antibiotics
and the material's tendency at sufficiently low temperatures to become a better conductor of electricity in some directions than in others.
First documented in 1986 the phenomenon is marked by zero electrical resistance in some crystalline ceramic materials below a critical temperature.
) At room temperature the material acts as one might expect conducting electricity equally well along both its x-axis and y-axis.
However as the material is cooled to near the critical temperature for magnetism it passes through a phase where electrical resistance is higher in one direction than the other.
Physicists call directionally dependent behavior anisotropic resistance. In the new study Dai and colleagues bombarded crystals of barium iron nickel arsenide with neutrons.
The experiments revealed that this directional dependence of magnetic excitations in the barium iron nickel arsenide occurs at precisely the same temperature range as the anisotropic resistance
The temporary collective anisotropic order occurred only in the brief temperature interval prior to the onset of magnetism where the anisotropic resistance had previously been measured.
That incorporates everything associated with non-biomass-burning human activity from coal-fired power plants to automobile emissions from concrete factories to cattle feedlots.
One example he said would be adding disease resistance genes from all of the wild rice varieties to a species of cultivated rice creating a new super-crop that is resistant to diseases and pests.
but it can be interbred with domestic tomatoes to introduce useful traits such as drought resistance. Using the new genome data the researchers found genes related to dehydration resistance fruit development and fruit ripening.
They also found genes that contribute to volatile compounds related to fruit scent and flavor. The UC Davis portion of the work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.
#New hope for powdery mildew resistant barleynew research at the University of Adelaide has opened the way for the development of new lines of barley with resistance to powdery mildew.
In recent times we've seen resistance in powdery mildew to the class of fungicide most commonly used to control the disease in Australia.
Developing barley with improved resistance to the disease is therefore even more important. The discovery means researchers have new targets for breeding powdery mildew resistant barley lines.
This resource is invaluable for identifying those genes that control complex traits such as yield grain quality disease pest resistance and abiotic stress tolerance.
Worrying link to fungal drug resistance in UK, warns scientistscrop spraying on British farms could be aiding a life-threatening fungus suffered by tens of thousand of people in the UK each year.
Although the link has been made before in The netherlands it's the first time its been made in the UK between drug resistance in Aspergillus
and The University of Manchester compared resistance profiles in 230 fungal samples collected from rural areas in West yorkshire
They found no resistance from the sites in Greater manchester compared to 1. 7%resistance detected in West yorkshire implicating fungicide use in agriculture.
He believes merging antifungal resistance in human pathogenic fungi is causing a huge threat to patients especially to those with weaken immune systems
Previously such resistance has been observed in a few other countries-Denmark Belgium Germany France India China Iran Tanzania
Given the frequent finding of resistance across Northern europe it is not a surprise to see resistance in the UK.
The use of certain compounds in agriculture notably difenoconazole propiconazole epoxiconazole bromuconazole and tebuconazol are particularly likely to lead to resistance yet are used freely in agriculture.
Use of porous silicon oxide reduces forming voltage, improves manufacturabilityrice University's breakthrough silicon oxide technology for high-density next-generation computer memory is one step closer to mass production thanks to a refinement that will allow manufacturers to fabricate devices at room temperature with conventional
The basic concept behind resistive memory devices is the insertion of a dielectric material--one that won't normally conduct electricity--between two wires.
When a sufficiently high voltage is applied across the wires a narrow conduction path can be formed through the dielectric material.
It can be manufactured at room temperature has an extremely low forming voltage high on-off ratio low power consumption nine-bit capacity per cell exceptional switching speeds and excellent cycling endurance.
First the porous material reduced the forming voltage--the power needed to form conduction pathways--to less than two volts a 13-fold improvement over the team's previous best and a number that stacks up against competing RRAM technologies.
Tour said the latest developments with porous silicon oxide--reduced forming voltage elimination of need for edge fabrication excellent endurance cycling
or exclusion options impacts and potential biotic resistance to ant invasion are required in addition to continued monitoring of distribution and abundance explains Dr. Kaiser-Bunbury.
and researching resistance of the palm forest by creating and maintaining conditions which restrict A. gracilipes populations such as the removal of introduced broadleaf trees
and quantify parameters that ensure the resistance of the unique Vallã e de Mai palm forest
His team is screening for charcoal rot resistance and I am screening for drought tolerance Radwan said.
Our ultimate goal is to identify the line that shows resistance to both charcoal rot
or decrease the incidence of charcoal rot as resistance to both pathogens might be controlled by two different pathways Radwan said.
and to breed soybean for resistance to both pathogens he said. Although no plants have complete immunity from the fungus some soybean lines have been shown to have partial resistance to it.
Hartman's group has begun already screening many lines in soybean for resistance to charcoal rot.
In controlled greenhouse conditions Radwan grows a variety of soybean cultivars in sandy soil and then stops watering the plants to simulate drought.
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