A Mediterranean diet typically consists of higher levels of olive oil vegetables fruit and fish. A higher adherence to the diet means higher daily intakes of fruit and vegetables and fish and reduced intakes of meat and dairy products.
and cereals) and fish with olive oil as the primary source of monounsaturated fat (MUSF) and low to moderate intake of wine as well as low intake of red meat poultry
We're hoping that biofuels made in such an efficient way can eventually replace current petroleum-based fuels said Xiaoxia Nina Lin assistant professor of chemical engineering and leader of the research.
or more of biomass annually enough to produce biofuels that could displace 30 percent or more of our current petroleum production.
Moreover by engineering the bacteria differently they believe their system could produce a variety of petroleum-based chemicals in a sustainable way.
and oil spillssome time around 37000 BCE a massive volcano erupted in the Campanian region of Italy blanketing much of Europe with ash stunting plant growth
and the oil spilling underwater in the 2010 Deepwater horizon disaster. In all these events a fluid rises into a density-stratified environment like the atmosphere or the ocean.
Predicting Ash and Oil Flowsbaines thinks his work could be used to estimate how much ash is pouring out of a volcano
or how fast oil is gushing from a hole in the sea floor. Baines is now working with volcanologists in Britain to apply his model to historic eruptions like the Campanian event
or canola oil supplemental lipids from algae sources and amino acid supplements such as taurine. An amino acid used in energy drinks taurine plays a critical role in the metabolism of fats stress responses
which omega-3-deficient oils like corn and soy oil became prevalent and farm animals moved from eating grass to grain.
The discovery that regulation of the Shell gene will enable breeders to boost palm oil yields by nearly one-third is excellent news for the rainforest
and its champions worldwide says Datuk Dr. Choo Yuen May the Director General of the Malaysian Palm oil Board (MPOB) an agency of the Malaysian federal government.
and oil yield explains Dr. Rajinder Singh of the MPOB first author of the Nature paper describing the Shell gene.
Palm oil also has the best energy balance of any commercial product currently used in biofuel applications yielding about 9 times the energy required to produce it according to Dr. Martienssen.
Tenera palms contain one mutant and one normal version or allele of Shell an optimum combination that results in 30%more oil per land area than dura palms.
Accurate genotyping for enhanced oil yields will optimize and help stabilize the acreage devoted to oil palm plantations providing an opportunity for the conservation of rainforest reserves Martienssen explains.
The government halted the conversion of new forest land for agriculture including palm oil in the 1990s.
To meet increased demand for palm oil the government converted colonial rubber and cocoa plantations to oil palm plantations.
It comprises nearly 35000 genes including the full set of oil biosynthesis genes and other transcriptional regulators highly expressed in the oil-rich palm fruit.
The researchers also created a draft sequence of the South american oil palm E. oleifera. Both palm species are in the Arecaceae family of flowering plants which fossil evidence dates to the Cretaceous period an estimated 140 to 200 million years ago.
It is used as a basic raw material in producing starch oil protein alcohol food sweeteners and as a dietary staple.
because similar studies have shown that oil and gas development affect prairie chickens Sandercock said. With wind power development the researchers had unexpected the result of female survival rates increasing after wind turbines were installed potentially
But they're massive compared with the petroleum-based pitch used in current carbon fiber.
The researchers fed two groups of pregnant sheep corn oil either with nothing added to it
and lowers the nation's dependence on foreign oil he said. But the cost in water may outweigh those concerns.
while decreasing reliance on imported oil it is important to recognize the tradeoffs Alvarez said.
The study carried out by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) describes how forests converted to palm oil plantations are causing threatened forest dwelling frogs to vanish resulting in an overall loss of habitat that is important for the conservation of threatened frog
and if palm oil plantations continue to take over the peat swamp frog along with its forest home could be a thing of the past.
ZSL together with collaborators from Queen Mary University of London Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and University of Malaya continues to work closely with Malaysian palm oil producers in determining
Grewell and his colleagues report a third application for ultrasound in biofuel production showing that they can accelerate transesterification the main chemical reaction for converting oil to biodiesel.
In one case the researchers found that subjecting soybean oil to ultrasound transformed it into biodiesel in less than a minute rather than the 45 minutes it normally takes.
and starved with glycerin a co-product of biodiesel production could prodfuce high yields of oil that could be extracted
To counteract this problem producers have included saturated fats such as corn germ beef tallow palm kernel oil and glycerol in diets containing DDGS
For this study corn germ beef tallow palm kernel oil and glycerol were added each to a diet containing DDGS.
The oils are also for industrial processes such as making soaps cosmetics perfumes paints and biofuels.
and fish olive oil and grass-fed animal protein while taking supplements containing the antioxidant polyphenol from fish oil grape seed extract and vitamins.
The Mediet is characterized by a high consumption of fruits vegetables legumes olive oil nuts and whole grain;
The five-year study looks at 7447 participants assigned to one of three intervention diets (two Mediets enriched with extra virgin olive oil or mixed nuts or a control low-fat diet.
Concern over methane is mounting due to leaks associated with rapidly expanding unconventional oil and gas extraction and the potential for large-scale release of methane from the Arctic as ice cover continues to melt
and land use change and our energy choices (such as biofuels oil sands and shale gas). In this talk we discuss the drivers affecting water sustainability
#Microalgae produce more oil faster for energy, food or productsscientists have described technology that accelerates microalgae's ability to produce many different types of renewable oils for fuels chemicals foods
Walter Rakitsky Ph d explained that microalgae are the original oil producers on earth and that all of the oil-producing machinery present in higher plants resides within these single-cell organisms.
Solazyme's breakthrough biotechnology platform unlocks the power of microalgae achieving over 80 percent oil within each individual cell at commercial scale
while changing the triglyceride oil paradigm by their ability to tailor the oil profiles by carbon chain and saturation.
The ability to produce multiple oils in a matter of days out of one plant location using standard industrial fermentation is a game-changer.
Solazyme's patented microalgae strains have become the workhorses of a growing industry focused on producing commercial quantities of microalgal oil for energy and food applications.
Rakitsky is with Solazyme Inc. of South San francisco Calif. one of the largest and most successful of those companies
In a keynote talk at the ACS meeting Rakitsky described Solazyme's technology platform that enables the company to produce multiple oils from heart-healthy high-oleic oils for food to oils that are tailored to have specific performance
and oils that are the highest-value cuts of the barrel for advanced fuels. The benefits of these oils far surpass those of other oils that are currently available today.
For the first time in history we have unlocked the ability to completely design and tailor oils he said.
This breakthrough allows us to create oils optimized for everything from high-performance jet and diesel fuel to renewable chemicals to skin-care products and heart-healthy food oils.
These oils could replace or enhance the properties of oils derived from the world's three dominant sources:
petroleum plants and animals. Producing custom-tailored oils starts with optimizing the algae to produce the right kind of oil
and from there the flexibility of the fermentation platform really comes into play. Solazyme is able to produce all of these oils in one location simply by switching out the strain of microalgae they use Rakitsky explained.
Unlike other algal oil production processes in which algae grow in open ponds Solazyme grows microalgae in total darkness in the same kind of fermentation vats used to produce vinegar medicines and scores of other products.
Instead of sunlight energy for the microalgae's growth comes from low-cost plant-based sugars. This gives the company a completely consistent repeatable industrial process to produce tailored oil at scale Sugar from traditional sources such as sugarcane
and corn has advantages for growing microalgae especially their abundance and relatively low cost Rakitsky said.
The company's first fit-for-purpose commercial-scale production plant is under construction with their partner Bunge next to a sugarcane mill in Brazil.
Initial production capacity will be 110000 tons of microalgal oil annually expanding up to 330700 tons. In addition the company has a production agreement with ADM in Clinton Iowa for 22000 tons of oil expandable to 110000 tons.
Ultimately cellulosic sources of sugars from non-food plants or plant waste materials like grasses or corn stover may take over as those technologies reach the right scale
The potential for profit and environmental benefits are why so many automobile oil and energy companies are working on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles as the transportation of the future Zhang said.
and petroleum-based substrates are not very eco-friendly. For instance if cells fabricated on glass were to break during manufacturing
or petroleum-based substrates said Kippelen. The group plans to achieve this by optimizing the optical properties of the solar cell's electrode.
and power lines findings that could affect the oil and gas industry as much as farmers and land owners.
You have some of those areas that because of petroleum extraction stockyards or other human activity the chickens just won't said use Boal.
and bioethanol (obtained from monoculture of palm oil sugar cane maize etc.)have presented problems that make them less attractive.
The study is based on Flynn's research of a plant-based diet she developed that emphasizes cooking with olive oil
As part of the study participants attended six weeks of cooking classes where instructors prepared quick and easy plant-based recipes that incorporated ingredients like olive oil whole grain pasta
Soybean meal is a bi-product following oil extraction from soybean seeds. It is rich in protein
#Petroleum use, greenhouse gas emissions of automobiles could drop 80 percent by 2050: U s. reporta new National Research Council report finds that by the year 2050 the U s. may be able to reduce petroleum consumption
and greenhouse gas emissions by 80 percent for light-duty vehicles--cars and small trucks--via a combination of more efficient vehicles;
To reach the 2050 goals for reducing petroleum use and greenhouse gases vehicles must become dramatically more efficient regardless of how they are powered said Douglas M. Chapin principal of MPR Associates
In addition alternative fuels to petroleum must be readily available cost-effective and produced with low emissions of greenhouse gases.
and reductions in petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions exceed the additional costs of the transition over and above
and appropriate refueling infrastructure created they have great potential for reducing petroleum consumption. While corn-grain ethanol
and could lead to large reductions in both petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions; it can also be introduced without major changes in fuel delivery infrastructure or vehicles.
The report finds that sufficient lignocellulosic biomass could be produced by 2050 to meet the goal of an 80 percent reduction in petroleum use
and corn ethanol production is influenced also by the price of oil since corn requires transport.#
Other species including the oil bee Macropis patellata showed more gradual declines. Although few species were found to have declined severely more than half of all bee species changed in proportion over time with 29 percent of the species decreasing and 27 percent increasing.
Most are made out of petroleum and a piece of plastic if it misses the recycling bin
Rather than tapping a barrel of oil to obtain starting materials Tang's research group
The rosin and turpentine derived from their wood is rich in hydrocarbons similar but not identical to some components of petroleum.
Hydrocarbon-rich starting materials whether from petroleum or tree resin can be converted into various forms of
With petroleum derivatives scientists have invested more than a hundred years of research into refining the polymer chemistry involved
Renewable polymers currently suffer from inferior performance in comparison to those derived from petroleum Tang said.
If we can establish clear structure-property relationships we will be able to achieve the kinds of results we now get from polymers made from petroleum.
Amanda Padovan who led this project explained The main defence against predation of Eucalyptus is a cocktail of terpene oils including monoterpenes sesquiterpenes and FPCS
#Discoveries of new exoplanets have flowed like oil from a gushing wellhead in recent years. The number has topped 850
and other industries fueled by coal natural gas and oil. Capturing and sequestering those emissions could play a significant role in curbing global warming.
The potential of spectral analysisused in everything from baked goods to trendy edamame and livestock feed to cooking oil the huge array of uses for soybeans has scientists looking for the most efficient ways to grow them.
and oil cracking processes and is used also in gas sensors sunscreen products and cosmetic creams.
and plant oils. The U s. currently does not have recommended a daily intake of omega-3s though many doctors and nutritionists recommend between 1200-1600 milligrams daily depending on a person's age and health.
The Madeira river basin for example is threatened by oil exploration deforestation and dams in its headwaters even though protected areas cover 26%of the catchment area.
when oil is heated to temperatures suitable for deep frying potentially carcinogenic compounds can form in the fried food.
These toxic compounds are increased with reuse of oil and increased length of frying time. Foods cooked with high heat also contain high levels of advanced glycation endproducts or AGES
and many other vegetables and gamma tocopherol which is relatively abundant in vegetable fats such as soybean corn and canola oils and margarine.
American dependence on foreign oil and greenhouse gas emissions. Accordingly the 2005 energy bill mandated that 4 billion gallons of renewable fuel be added to the gasoline supply in 2006.
and even sponges to soak up oil. Unfortunately carbon nanotubes are also the prima donna of nanomaterials;
The use of tree seed oils as a source could have several additional benefits over vegetable seed oils including lower viscosity and greater volatility both
and contains 50%oil which can be extracted at levels of 34 to 37%.%Sal can produce about 20%oil.
The oil is converted chemically to biodiesel using the process of transesterification which reacts the oily triglyceride content with alcohol using a catalyst.
The team has tested now successfully this chemistry on seeds from the mahua and sal trees.
It could also cut the cost of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) for oil and gas recovery and help reboot American mining of rare earth metals he said.
The nonsynthetic bed bug pesticides--which contain ingredients such as geraniol rosemary oil mint oil cinnamon oil peppermint oil eugenol clove oil lemongrass oil sodium lauryl sulfate
The adjuvants for clove oil evaluated were a petroleum oil adjuvant at 1. 25%by volume a commercial product containing 20%citric acid at a rate of 0. 375%by volume a commercial adjuvant containing 20%saponins
extracted from Yucca schidigera at 0. 03%by volume an emulsified petroleum insecticide at a rate of 1%by volume clove oil alone (no adjuvant) and a nontreated control.
In the USA tobacco and environmental taxation on electricity and petroleum is an important component in explaining problems with consumption.
From analysis of US data there is a large signaling effect seen for tobacco electricity and petroleum taxation.
--An unexpected result is for petroleum consumers appear to be more willing to change their consumption patterns in response to a tax increase than previously thought.
American politicians avoid especially these days to increase the price of petroleum because it is perceived as a hot potato issue where politicians do not want to risk voters'discontent says Erik Brockwell.
Tobacco and petroleum advertising and lobbying is an issue that often ends up as a blind spot says Erik Brockwell who also investigates the effect of the state's effort to reduce consumption
and the industry's attempt to increase consumption of cigarettes and petroleum in the United states.
For petroleum the results show that producer prices and state media expenditure campaigns on television radio magazines and newspapers effectively help to cut down the consumption on petroleum.
As with the tobacco industry lobbying by the petroleum industry effectively increases petroleum consumption. A strong policy recommendation here is that the US should focus more spending on state media expenditures
and information campaigns says Erik Brockwell. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Ume㥠universitet.
and we have to replace materials like oil-based fuels Bucksch said. Integral to this change will be understanding plants
The city of Trelleborg estimates that its beaches host an excess of algae that is equivalent to the energy from 2. 8 million litres of diesel fuel.
Even spices and cooking oil can be produced by algae. The brown algae known as sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) for example contain up to three times as much sugar as sugar beet.
and petroleum and is found in tobacco smoke. It is used primarily to make acetone and phenol.
It can be found in emissions from petroleum products. Inhalation exposure to cumene caused lung tumors in male and female mice and liver tumors in female mice.
fats oils and dressings and; carbonated soft drinks. In a second study published in the same issue researchers tie the effort back to a decline in the calorie content of purchases by American families
Advances in hydraulic fracturing put trillions of dollars'worth of previously unreachable oil and natural gas within humanity's grasp.
and oil due to fracking said Stanford environmental scientist Robert Jackson who led the new study.
Getting a fractured well going is more intense than for conventional oil and gas drilling with potential health threats arising from increases in volatile organic compounds and air toxics.
How oil and gas companies handle wastewater--fluid used to fracture the shale that flows back up the well
and water unleashed with the oil and gas--shows the importance of state policies. Wastewater disposal is one of the biggest issues associated with fracking said co-author Avner Vengosh a professor of geochemistry at Duke university.
The study also finds that the majority of this illegal destruction was driven by overseas demand for agricultural commodities including palm oil beef soy and wood products.
And in the forests of Indonesia 80%of deforestation was illegal--mostly for large-scale plantations producing palm oil and timber 75
of which wind up in cosmetics or household goods (palm oil) animal feed (soy) and packaging (wood products).
Export Agriculture a Key Driver of Illegal Deforestationaccording to the report the international trade in agricultural commodities (beef leather soy palm oil
The study estimates that almost 40%of all palm oil 20%of all soy nearly 33%of tropical timber
Nearly one-fifth (17%)of Brazilian beef 75%of Brazilian soy and 70-80%of the palm oil and plantation wood and pulp from Indonesia were destined for foreign markets.
Natural repellants such as clove oil citronella lemon grass eucalyptus castor oil peppermint lavender and cedar oil all work to a limited extent Pitts said
and black-footed albatross are facing increasing levels of oil contamination plastic pollution and greatly reduced amounts of prey fish due to commercial fishing operations.
and the United states. He found that 13 agricultural products--wheat soybean palm oil maize sugars and others--make up 80 percent of the world's diet and food trade.
#Texas producers find new oil fields: Olive grovestexas has been known for its oil production for almost 150 years.
what may bring producers cash and consumers a local edible choice--olive oil. Olive trees native to the Mediterranean region have been documented on almost 800 acres in the state and many affiliated with the new industry believe the acreage is closer to 2000 according to Texas A&m Agrilife Extension service horticulturists.
His research had determined also that the U s. is the third largest consumer of olive oil in the world
He built a building and bought an oil press from Italy knowing that not everyone who wants to grow olives will be able to buy a press.
and included the establishment of the Texas Olive oil Council in 1994. In 2002 the U s. Department of agriculture census had no record of olive production in Texas Nesbitt noted.
People who eat a Mediterranean diet with foods such as olive oil whole grains and leafy vegetables and fruits have a lower risk of developing diabetes even
or additives within similarly shaped wine jars including honey storax resin terebinth resin cedar oil cyperus juniper and possibly mint myrtle and cinnamon.
which has been used to authenticate foods including honey and olive oil. They analyzed tomatoes grown in greenhouses and outdoors with conventional or organic fertilizers.
In the SYSDIET study the intervention group was advised to follow a healthy Nordic diet rich in berries vegetables fatty fish canola oil and whole grains.
Several blood biomarkers were assessed to reflect the consumption of different key components of the diet such as serum alpha linoleic acid as a biomarker of canola oil consumption EPA and DHA reflecting fatty
and vegetable waste rather than petroleum scientists are now reporting. The novel process they developed and their results
Also plastics are made out of petroleum which is a nonrenewable source. The shift to more environmentally friendly bioplastics has been challenging and expensive.
and has far-reaching economic impacts for other ionic liquid-based process technologies that currently use ionic liquids synthesized from petroleum sources.
which are made from nonrenewable sources such as petroleum or natural gas. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids effectively and efficiently dissolve biomass and represent a remarkable platform for biomass pretreatment
Previously we would add oils or infant formula to help premature babies grow but we can now use a natural source from donor milk said Hair.
Almost all existing fertilizers such as phosphorus and nitrate-based products are produced using energy-intensive methods involving the use of oil and gas.
and reduce costs to farmers as production of digestate-ash fertilizer would not be linked to the global price of oil and gas.
Stronger community forest rights could stem the tide of the country's rampant forest loss mostly due to palm oil expansion.
Recent findings published in Food Control journal online suggest Cinnamomum cassia oil can work effectively as a natural antibacterial agent in the food industry.
The cinnamon cassia oil is effective in low concentrations she said--about 10 drops diluted in a liter of water killed the bacteria within 24 hours.
The oil can be incorporated into films and coatings for packaging both meat and fresh produce Sheng said.
In addition to Cinnamomum cassia oil Sheng plans to take a look at another natural source to kill bacteria. She and her coworkers will study the potential of dandelions to inhibit bacteria related to bovine mastitis an infection in the mammary glands of dairy cows.
and cattle) but--as they were in use at the height of the empire--tokens could have been used to represent commodities such as oil wool and wine.
Palm oil is found in a large number of products from popcorn to candy to soap to cosmetics making growth of the tropical trees a very lucrative industry.
For people looking to do something about the palm oil problem themselves now is the time to start the researchers say.
If consumers do buy a product with palm oil in it and no label they should email call
or otherwise contact the company to ask them to start using sustainable palm oil and tell them they will not continue to buy their product until it is labeled to indicate this.
scientists sayif you've gone grocery shopping lately you've probably bought palm oil. Found in thousands of products from peanut butter
and packaged bread to shampoo and shaving cream palm oil is a booming multibillion-dollar industry. While it isn't always clearly labeled in supermarket staples the unintended consequences of producing this ubiquitous ingredient have been publicized widely.
and pesticide application) and processing of oil palm fruits to make crude palm oil can all send sediment nutrients
Palm oil epicenterindonesia produces almost half of the world's palm oil. Home to the world's third-largest tropical forest the country is also one of the principal emitters of greenhouse gases due to the rapid conversion of carbon-rich forests and peatlands to other uses.
These kinds of improved practices are being pioneered by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm oil and other organizations that certify palm oil production as sustainable.
Yet Carlson said Our findings suggest that converting logged forests and diverse smallholder agricultural lands to oil palm plantations may be almost as harmful to stream ecosystems as clearing intact forests.
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