Jan Lamser, Member of Board of directors and Senior Executive Offi cer, CSOB Bank member of KBC Group
Tom Fleming, Consultant on creativity and economic development 7 Table of contents 1) Reinvent Europe through Innovation
manager or a consultant. It is striking to see that in certain companies, there are more
youth unemployment above 20%.%Youth need access to education, resources and structures to turn ideas into
Here we represent some of the key conclusions of our work in the form of sea stars
and diversifying population, youth unemployment sustainable cities and global challenges †climate change environmental degradation and poverty.
protection and unemployment •Finance social innovation funds, like the new US fund (see opposite) 3 through a new partnership
from employment law and pensions to new models of self managed care -Collaborative (making use of the full potential of network
youth unemployment is a major issue of concern in Europe, up to 25%in many countries. Youth must become engaged in
of Taxation and the Ministry of Employment, see http://www. mind-lab. dk/en /The NHS
allowing people to see work as an activity rather than a place) and the importance
ways of work, play, learning activity 20 We propose •Every household, business and public building
medicine to work towards an overarching vision to design fabricate and achieve control of nanoscale systems, and
We passionately believe that innovation is not a minor policy area for a small group of experts
Member of Board of directors and Senior Executive Offi cer, CSOB Bank (member of KBC Group Professor RÃ diger Iden
generally tackles issues of technology, labour and growth in relation to an explanation of individual behavior and price mechanisms
They urge for further academic work to analyze how and why development is the result of co-evolutionary processes involving
promotion of startups and entrepreneurship and directing government procurement to young or smaller fi rms while also ensuring the
Tom Fleming, Consultant on creativity and economic development This report and the work of the panel were supported by DG Enterprise and Industry as part of the preparations
for a new European innovation policy European commission Enterprise and Industry To fi nd out more visit
innovation, climate change and energy, employment, education and reducing poverty The strategy also includes seven flagship initiatives that form the framework in which the
promotion of innovation, internationalisation and entrepreneurship Pillar 2 Pillar 3 Pillar 4 Leading sectors Emerging activities
immediate priority is a return to growth and job creation, whilst the mid-and long-term challenges include increasing global competition, population ageing, climate change
and inclusive (creating employment and guaranteeing social and territorial cohesion 1. Framework 11 Figure 2. Europe 2020 Strategy:
Job creation and poverty reduction More efficient investment in researchand innovation Promoting a low -carbon economy and
establishment of a competitive and sustainable model that will promote employment and social cohesion. Open innovation and cooperation amongst the quadruple helix
creating wealth and employment and providing a response to the major social challenges 1. 1. 2. Horizon 2020
8. Promoting employment and supporting labour mobility 9. Promoting social inclusion and combating poverty 10. Investing in education, training and vocational training for skills and lifelong
learning 11. Enhancing institutional capacity of public authorities and stakeholders and efficient public administration 1. Framework
employment, education and combating poverty Finally, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)) focuses on
8. To promote employment and support labour mobility 7. To promote sustainable transport and remove bottlenecks in
creating employment. The strategy focuses particularly on measures that have a direct and quantifiable impact on priority areas:
employment and training, social cohesion innovation and knowledge, entrepreneurism, internationalisation and the green economy Within the ECAT 2020 framework and based on a shared vision of the country
towards a competitive and sustainable model that fosters employment and social cohesion -Cooperation amongst the quadruple helix stakeholders to generate new
opportunities for the creation of wealth and employment and to provide a response to the challenges facing society
The work of drafting RIS3CAT was promoted and coordinated by a Steering committee formed by representatives from the ministries of Economy and Knowledge and
Business and Labour (see Section 4, Governance. The document was produced in a two-way, iterative process that combined both top-down and bottom-up approaches, as
towards the promotion of innovation, internationalisation and entrepreneurship Each of these objectives corresponds to a pillar of action
promotion of innovation, internationalisation and entrepreneurship Pillar 2 Pillar 3 Pillar 4 Leading sectors Emerging activities
employment and gross added value, taking into account that the available statistical classifications do not always reflect the changing reality of business
4. Potential to generate new economic activity and employment, based on such factors as intensive use of labour and current growth of leading companies
5. Global sector trends (estimates of world demand, supply, prices, Community policies, etc. to analyse future potential
value and potential to generate employment RIS3CAT focuses on the six crosscutting enabling technologies that are presented in
employment. The framework provided by pillars 1, 2 and 3 combines consolidated R&i tools with new instruments to promote major initiatives
-Generation of new opportunities for economic activity and employment -Efficient use of resources (green economy There follows a description of the general characteristics of each of these tools (T) and
R&i system that work in coincident sectors and cooperate to incorporate R&i into production activities in the leading sectors.
ï§To generate new economic and job creation opportunities Objectives 3. Tools and Policies 35 Main stakeholders
them to develop work programmes and consolidate their business activity in the global market Clusters are established by groups of research and innovation companies and stakeholders with
This promotion takes the form of structural support for emerging processes and the construction of capabilities related to basic
transfer of results from research work to the business fabric Within the context of the global economy and the knowledge society, it also becomes essential to
ï§To introduce integrated vocational training generally ï§To increase success at school ï§To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market
ï§To improve English skills amongst the population ï§To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system
-Training and professionalisation to enable stakeholders to work in a global environment and on international projects
agreement with MATIMOP, the Israeli Government†s industry centre for R&d for the joint promotion
ï§To generate new economic and job creation opportunities in the territory Main stakeholders Local authorities, companies, business associations
and generate quality employment Support for businesses and job creation are, therefore, the central pillars of the Catalan Digital
Agenda, which provides for actions in a wide range of fields P. 1. 1. Smart Cities, Smart Regions
) the promotion of entrepreneurial culture throughout society as a whole; and a legal and regulatory framework to facilitate the creation and expansion of new companies and the exploration
generation of wealth and employment P. 2. 2. Legal and Regulatory Framework The difficulties in establishing companies
human resources and participation in shares in order to speed up and increase the number of spin -off companies at knowledge centres
and technological mediation services, legal advice, companies specialising in human resources training, mentoring and accelerating, etc. It is vital to provide the greatest possible incentives for
For this reason, it is vital to promote incentives to enable workers at existing companies
and those on vocational training programmes that include practical training at companies to set up new enterprises
and use of tacit knowledge acquired by workers ï§To decrease legal barriers to entrepreneurship
-Promotion of the efficient resource use and pollution reduction through dissemination and training -Support for networks and associations that promote technology and know-how exchanges
Commercial or marketing innovation, based on improved design, packaging, positioning, promotion price policy or sales channels,
innovation, based on reducing administrative costs, improving job satisfaction and access to non -commercial goods (such as external, uncatalogued knowledge) or reducing supply costs,
employment market Attracting and retaining talent within the research system and incorporating highly-qualified personnel into the production system are also essential requirements for strengthening the
present in curriculums for vocational training, university degrees and MA courses related to the production sector, so that future professionals can internalise innovation an habitual process for
therefore, to generate employment and economic recovery. Vocational training should be used the tool to professionalise people
and help them to obtain and retain employment. To this end, we need to advance towards a quality, flexible, integrated vocational training model (in
coordination with the jobs market) that provides training throughout people†s working lives Company-university and company-vocational training centre cooperation programmes enable
students to develop projects with companies, promote business innovation, build channels for knowledge transfer, foster transversal skills amongst students and improve their prospects of
integration into employment P. 5. 2. English Learning English has become the language of global communication, and is present in all spheres (the
economy, the media, the new technologies, higher studies, etc..For this reason, to improve the
English skills of today†s pupils is to train the workers of the future. Public actions to promote English
that research professionals can pursue attractive professional careers and achieve international projection. Public action should continue in this sphere with the objective of consolidating Catalonia
ï§To introduce integrated vocational training generally ï§To increase success at school ï§To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market
ï§To improve English skills amongst the population ï§To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system
Promotion, attached to the Ministry of Economy and Knowledge; the Directorate General for Research, also attached to the Ministry of Economy and Knowledge;
the Secretariat for Business and Competitiveness (Ministry of Business and Labour 4. Governance 58 The main functions of the RIS3CAT Steering committee are
which works to optimise the system for financing Government initiatives with European funds and to identify new areas for cooperation within the framework of
activity and job creation Efficient use of resources Context indicators Output indicators Results and impact indicators
Evaluation always involves the participation of independent experts Catalonia has acquired experience and best practices in evaluating the impact of R&i
carried out by independent experts 4. 4. 3. Review The RIS3CAT system of governance provides for continuous review based on the
innovation, climate change and energy, employment, education and reducing poverty The strategy also includes seven flagship initiatives that form the framework in which the
promotion of innovation, internationalisation and entrepreneurship Pillar 2 Pillar 3 Pillar 4 Leading sectors Emerging activities
immediate priority is a return to growth and job creation, whilst the mid-and long-term challenges include increasing global competition, population ageing, climate change
and inclusive (creating employment and guaranteeing social and territorial cohesion 1. Framework 11 Figure 2. Europe 2020 Strategy:
Job creation and poverty reduction More efficient investment in researchand innovation Promoting a low -carbon economy and
establishment of a competitive and sustainable model that will promote employment and social cohesion. Open innovation and cooperation amongst the quadruple helix
creating wealth and employment and providing a response to the major social challenges 1. 1. 2. Horizon 2020
8. Promoting employment and supporting labour mobility 9. Promoting social inclusion and combating poverty 10. Investing in education, training and vocational training for skills and lifelong
learning 11. Enhancing institutional capacity of public authorities and stakeholders and efficient public administration 1. Framework
employment, education and combating poverty Finally, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)) focuses on
8. To promote employment and support labour mobility 7. To promote sustainable transport and remove bottlenecks in
creating employment. The strategy focuses particularly on measures that have a direct and quantifiable impact on priority areas:
employment and training, social cohesion innovation and knowledge, entrepreneurism, internationalisation and the green economy Within the ECAT 2020 framework and based on a shared vision of the country
towards a competitive and sustainable model that fosters employment and social cohesion -Cooperation amongst the quadruple helix stakeholders to generate new
opportunities for the creation of wealth and employment and to provide a response to the challenges facing society
The work of drafting RIS3CAT was promoted and coordinated by a Steering committee formed by representatives from the ministries of Economy and Knowledge and
Business and Labour (see Section 4, Governance. The document was produced in a two-way, iterative process that combined both top-down and bottom-up approaches, as
towards the promotion of innovation, internationalisation and entrepreneurship Each of these objectives corresponds to a pillar of action
promotion of innovation, internationalisation and entrepreneurship Pillar 2 Pillar 3 Pillar 4 Leading sectors Emerging activities
employment and gross added value, taking into account that the available statistical classifications do not always reflect the changing reality of business
4. Potential to generate new economic activity and employment, based on such factors as intensive use of labour and current growth of leading companies
5. Global sector trends (estimates of world demand, supply, prices, Community policies, etc. to analyse future potential
value and potential to generate employment RIS3CAT focuses on the six crosscutting enabling technologies that are presented in
employment. The framework provided by pillars 1, 2 and 3 combines consolidated R&i tools with new instruments to promote major initiatives
-Generation of new opportunities for economic activity and employment -Efficient use of resources (green economy There follows a description of the general characteristics of each of these tools (T) and
R&i system that work in coincident sectors and cooperate to incorporate R&i into production activities in the leading sectors.
ï§To generate new economic and job creation opportunities Objectives 3. Tools and Policies 35 Main stakeholders
them to develop work programmes and consolidate their business activity in the global market Clusters are established by groups of research and innovation companies and stakeholders with
This promotion takes the form of structural support for emerging processes and the construction of capabilities related to basic
transfer of results from research work to the business fabric Within the context of the global economy and the knowledge society, it also becomes essential to
ï§To introduce integrated vocational training generally ï§To increase success at school ï§To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market
ï§To improve English skills amongst the population ï§To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system
-Training and professionalisation to enable stakeholders to work in a global environment and on international projects
agreement with MATIMOP, the Israeli Government†s industry centre for R&d for the joint promotion
ï§To generate new economic and job creation opportunities in the territory Main stakeholders Local authorities, companies, business associations
and generate quality employment Support for businesses and job creation are, therefore, the central pillars of the Catalan Digital
Agenda, which provides for actions in a wide range of fields P. 1. 1. Smart Cities, Smart Regions
) the promotion of entrepreneurial culture throughout society as a whole; and a legal and regulatory framework to facilitate the creation and expansion of new companies and the exploration
generation of wealth and employment P. 2. 2. Legal and Regulatory Framework The difficulties in establishing companies
human resources and participation in shares in order to speed up and increase the number of spin -off companies at knowledge centres
and technological mediation services, legal advice, companies specialising in human resources training, mentoring and accelerating, etc. It is vital to provide the greatest possible incentives for
For this reason, it is vital to promote incentives to enable workers at existing companies
and those on vocational training programmes that include practical training at companies to set up new enterprises
and use of tacit knowledge acquired by workers ï§To decrease legal barriers to entrepreneurship
-Promotion of the efficient resource use and pollution reduction through dissemination and training -Support for networks and associations that promote technology and know-how exchanges
Commercial or marketing innovation, based on improved design, packaging, positioning, promotion price policy or sales channels,
innovation, based on reducing administrative costs, improving job satisfaction and access to non -commercial goods (such as external, uncatalogued knowledge) or reducing supply costs,
employment market Attracting and retaining talent within the research system and incorporating highly-qualified personnel into the production system are also essential requirements for strengthening the
present in curriculums for vocational training, university degrees and MA courses related to the production sector, so that future professionals can internalise innovation an habitual process for
therefore, to generate employment and economic recovery. Vocational training should be used the tool to professionalise people
and help them to obtain and retain employment. To this end, we need to advance towards a quality, flexible, integrated vocational training model (in
coordination with the jobs market) that provides training throughout people†s working lives Company-university and company-vocational training centre cooperation programmes enable
students to develop projects with companies, promote business innovation, build channels for knowledge transfer, foster transversal skills amongst students and improve their prospects of
integration into employment P. 5. 2. English Learning English has become the language of global communication, and is present in all spheres (the
economy, the media, the new technologies, higher studies, etc..For this reason, to improve the
English skills of today†s pupils is to train the workers of the future. Public actions to promote English
that research professionals can pursue attractive professional careers and achieve international projection. Public action should continue in this sphere with the objective of consolidating Catalonia
ï§To introduce integrated vocational training generally ï§To increase success at school ï§To encourage the integration of young people into the employment market
ï§To improve English skills amongst the population ï§To help adapt university degrees to the needs of the production system
Promotion, attached to the Ministry of Economy and Knowledge; the Directorate General for Research, also attached to the Ministry of Economy and Knowledge;
the Secretariat for Business and Competitiveness (Ministry of Business and Labour 4. Governance 58 The main functions of the RIS3CAT Steering committee are
which works to optimise the system for financing Government initiatives with European funds and to identify new areas for cooperation within the framework of
activity and job creation Efficient use of resources Context indicators Output indicators Results and impact indicators
Evaluation always involves the participation of independent experts Catalonia has acquired experience and best practices in evaluating the impact of R&i
carried out by independent experts 4. 4. 3. Review The RIS3CAT system of governance provides for continuous review based on the
-ticular their human resources manage -ment, need to be modernized. The gender dimension must be integrated in research
•Youth unemployment much higher than the national average •Productivity similar to the national average excepting
Act 5/2001 on Promotion and Development of Scientific research and Innovation •First Integrated Plan of R+D+i in the Canary islands 2003-2006
â Meetings with experts, universities, research centres, clusters companies, chambers of commerce â Public consultation
social, education, trade union and business representatives â Approval of the Regional Parliament (pending ï By effectively participating in the
â Significant labour force with a low educational level â High unemployment â Unbalanced productive structure and consequent inertia
â Extra-costs for essential infraestructures and services (eg. ICT, energy transport ï The fiction of integration due to territorial discontinuity
â Promotion of tourism-focused business clusters â Dissemination of innovation throughout the sector via distributed
Without employees From 1 to 9 employees From 10 to 49 employees 50 or more
employees •Develop actions specifically tailored for each SME typology •Goals •Increase productivity in each existing
sector •Modernisation & internationalisation of SMES with capacity and will for growth •Balance sectors by promoting
diversification •Management training programmes for innovation in a wide sense to increase productivity in companies
Putting entrepreneurial knowledge to work...13 How: Setting in motion regional change...13 Where: A role for every region...
•inclusive growth, fostering a high employment economy delivering economic, social and territorial cohesion Investing more in research,
Smart specialisation has also been advocated strongly by the Synergies Expert Group established by the Commission's Directorate-General for Research and Innovation.
Putting entrepreneurial knowledge to work Smart specialisation addresses the difficult problem of prioritisation and resource allocation
Brief of the Knowledge for Growth Expert Group advising the then Commissioner for Research, Janez Potoä nik
specialisation to work •Identifying sectors that can achieve critical mass should take into account the'principles of
rely on a trained local labour force and a history of cooperative relations with other regional actors.
plans and ongoing work. The studies try to identify what the weaknesses and strengths of the
with other regions and interregional work groups Example 2-International benchmarking in a Top Technology Region †Provinces of Limburg
and workers should all be taken on board of the design process of RIS3. In other words this means that the governance model includes both the market
assessment (a review by peer regions and experts) and post-review follow-up Stage 1: During the preparation stage, a region has to prepare a structured presentation of
consultation with the S3 Platform team and experts Stage 2: The actual review phase generally takes the form of an interactive workshop.
academic experts working in the field of smart specialisation. Following the peer review phase, the S3 Platform team prepares a summary report,
as well as any conclusions and expert recommendations Stage 3: During the post-review follow-up stage, the S3 Platform team will then contact the
introduction of external experts in this analytical phase The benefits of bringing in an external view to address sensitive issues such as redundancies and
overlaps, or the lack of efficiency and effectiveness of agencies and programmes in supporting innovation, were demonstrated particularly in the'supply'analysis. These benefits were greater
when the external consultants and experts were involved truly in the exercise, when foreign experts teamed up with national or regional ones,
or when they acted as coaches for the regional decision-makers (to ensure a strong legacy from their input, rather than a one-off contribution
Hence, the work for this analytical step of a RIS3 strategy should combine the above types of analyses with other analyses aiming at shedding light
specialisation of regional economies on the basis of employment (or value-added) data Location quotients measure whether some sectors are represented over in a regional
Human resources: Attractiveness of working conditions for researchers compared with other employment opportunities; facilitated mobility of research and innovation personnel between the public and the
private sector Public sector: Existence of specific provisions in standard public procurement procedures to foster innovation;
This involves expert work on value chain analysis (undertaken in an international environment and enlightening the spatial division
of labour), context conditions for the operation of the cluster, labour market situation, etc It also involves an analysis of the linkages between the cluster and other clusters or
experts who study the cases in close cooperation with cluster actors: this helps to take into
Mixing regional experts with international experts helps to give more weight to the international competitiveness issue.
and involve interactions between experts (Table 1; see more details on the FOREN website). ) For RIS3, foresight studies would ideally combine regional expertise with
experts who can contribute to the benchmarking and peer review processes Defining the scope of the RIS3 is crucial,
-making, with a wide participation of actors and experts from within and outside the region.
and international experts who can offer benchmarking and peer review services for example. Figure 1 exemplifies a number of organisations belonging to each of the previous
Tampere, Work Research center, Working Paper No. 85 (Final Report on Quadruple Helix Research for the CLIQ
supervising the work 39 programme, political and institutional support, and liaising with the European commission The chair of the SG was invariably a local notable drawn from the business community
sectors, especially to the business community and the higher and vocational training institutions iii) publicity through radio, television and newspaper coverage (iv) the distribution of
outmigration, providing new employment opportunities for specific categories of the population combating social divide, etc. These justifications go much beyond the alleged classical benefits
Cohesion Policy adopted by the international panel of experts advising the EU Commissioner for Regional Policy
representatives as well as foreign experts at relevant points. It is important at this stage to take a
•the existence of key assets and capabilities (incl. specialised skills and labour pools) for
37 Technopolis (2011), Review of innovation promotion instruments at regional level, unpublished report for OECD
•Research spin-off promotion schemes (e g regional seed and venture capital funds •Regional high-tech clusters, S&t Parks
•Promotion of participation of public and private actors in international technology networks •Lobby national government for public
•Promotion of innovation in services •Technology parks and incubators •Innovation vouchers in selected
•Regional agencies for innovation promotion combining technology transfer with other services •Promote innovation start-ups (business angel
•Support for young graduate recruitment in firms •Concentration of regional action on non-traded sectors
•Innovation and entrepreneurship culture promotion •Supply-chain management initiatives to reduce fragmentation •Innovation-oriented public procurement
entrepreneurship promotion events •Develop latent demand for innovation innovation vouchers, placement of students in SMES
should be carried out by independent experts, guided closely by those responsible for the policy Monitoring and evaluation complement each other.
Training sessions, staff exchanges Improved technical competencies of staff increase effectiveness of in-house R&d
Improved innovation performance increased technological absorptive capacity Increase science -industry links Student placements academic-industry
growth of employment in knowledge-intensive sectors, R&d expenditure per worker, etc 1) Indicators should be selected to reflect the programme's objectives and intervention logic
38 For further guidance, please look at Inforegio website -Monitoring and evaluation of European Cohesion policy †ERDF and Cohesion fund, Concepts and
through staff secondments and temporary hosting of experienced researchers The last calls for proposals under FP7 will be published in summer 2012.
•promotion of local academia-industry cooperation and their cross-border networking •aid for international partner search
concerned with generic issues (such as product development and work in partnership Business and Innovation Centres (BICS) are support organisations for innovative small and
the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) and EC work, which should not be hindered by the lack of a European consolidated vision in the near future
as well as experts to work directly on regional development priorities. Universities are a critical'asset'of the region, mainly
for instance, stimulate the entrepreneurial spirit of their staff and students, provide advice and services to SMES,
•Knowledge transfer and information actions for the provision of vocational training and skills acquisition actions, demonstration activities and information actions.
rapid innovation cycles, high capital expenditure and highly-skilled employment. They enable process, goods and service innovation throughout the economy
economic growth and employment and strengthening the competitiveness of the EU economy They bear enormous market potential.
•Policy Recommendations of the High-level Expert Group on KETS (2011). 98 95 http://www. observatorynano. eu/project
Europe and its regions more attractive places in which to invest and work •contribute to the social integration of marginalised groups of the population
attractiveness of regions in terms of human resources and investments. These positive impacts are highlighted in different EU policy documents and studies. 102
EU's creative industries,'TERA Consultants, March 2010. See also the emphasis on the creative industries in the
European Competitiveness Report 2010, Commission staff working document, COM (2010) 614 102 In particular in the 2010 Commission Communication'Regional policy contributing to smart growth
A group of experts from Member States currently working on the'strategic use of EU support
policies such as economic development, employment, higher education and culture Successful CCI strategies most often depend on excellent internal and external networks
•Promote investments in the protection, promotion and development of cultural heritage. 109 Other investments could include:
on the promotion allowing new potential users to become familiar with this innovative way of financing and contribute to a smooth and rapid implementation of these instruments
'intelligent'customer. 130 This can be achieved through better preparatory work and capacity-building in procurement offices both as regards the identification of state-of-the
of civil servants/procurement officers and exchanges and promotion of good practices amongst peers131 (e g. awarding prizes for the best innovation procurement or
New forms of engaging with employees, end-users or citizens, NGOS and local communities can be powerful tools for innovation, making better use of
their innovation potential, for example through co-creation, workplace innovation or quadruple helix models (including civil society),
workplace innovation, co-creation, service innovation and social and/or green public procurement It is important to link business, the public sector, the social economy and civil society.
of local stakeholders to implementing active labour market policies. For the next programming period, social innovation is treated in a horizontal way in the ESF regulation.
DG Employment Social affairs and Inclusion will also directly fund social experimentation projects through PROGRESS and the Programme for Social Change and Innovation to reform social policy
Co-initiators of the SBI are DG Enterprise and DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion.
conference on workplace innovation in cooperation with the Flemish government. They are also coordinating the Social Innovation Europe Initiative, with an online hub for social innovators170
employment and rural development policies? Does it assess/take into account the existing level of policy coordination within the region
Putting entrepreneurial knowledge to work How: Setting in motion regional change Where: A role for every region
Putting entrepreneurial knowledge to work How: Setting in motion regional change Where: A role for every region
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