labour market

Synopsis: Employment & working conditions: Labour market:

WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2014-15.pdf.txt

1. 3 The Executive Opinion Survey: 85 The Voice of the Business community by Ciara Browne, Attilio Di Battista, Thierry Geiger, and Tania

Elira Jorgoni, Senior Expert Endrit Kapaj, Expert Algeria Centre de Recherche en Economie Appliquã e pour

le DÃ veloppement (CREAD Mohamed Yassine Ferfera, Director Khaled Menna, Research Fellow Angola Inangol Luis Verdeja, Chief executive officer

Ashraf Hajiyev, Consultant Bahrain Bahrain Economic Development Board Kamal Bin Ahmed, Minister of Transportation and Acting

Randall Krantz, Strategy Adviser Bosnia and herzegovina MIT Center, School of economics and Business in Sarajevo University of Sarajevo

Letsogile Batsetswe, Research Consultant and Statistician Baeti Molake, Executive director Phumzile Thobokwe, Manager, Information and Research

Adriana Daganova, Expert, International Programmes and Projects Anelia Damianova, Senior Expert Burkina faso lnstitut Supã rieure des Sciences de la Population (ISSP

Bonayi Hubert Dabire, Deputy Director Jean Franã§ois Kobiane, Director Justin Zoma, Student Partner Institutes

Maria Markidou-Georgiadou, Consultant Bambos Papageorgiou, Head of Socioeconomic and Academic Research Czech republic CMC Graduate school of Business

Tegenge Teka, Senior Expert Finland ETLAÂ€ The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy Markku Kotilainen, Research director

Enterprise & Development Consultants Co.,Ltd Latvia Stockholm School of economics in Riga Arnis Sauka, Head of the Centre for Sustainable Development

Manaesha Fowdar, Investment Executive, Competitiveness Khoudijah Maudarbocus-Boodoo, Director Ken Poonoosamy, Managing director Joint Economic Council

Ram Chandra Dhakal, Executive director and Adviser Mahendra Raj Joshi, Member Netherlands INSCOPE: Research for Innovation, Erasmus University

NÃ stor Asto, Associate Consultant Maria Elena Baraybar, Project Assistant Luis Tenorio, Executive director Philippines Makati Business Club (MBC

Teo Xinyu, Executive, Research & Statistics Unit Â 2014 World Economic Forum x The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015

Federation of Swaziland Employers and Chamber of Commerce Mduduzi Lokotfwako, Coordinator, Trade & Commerce Nyakwesi Motsa, Administration & Finance Manager

Ozan Bakä s, Project Consultant Sezen Ugurlu, Project Specialist Uganda Kabano Research and development Centre Robert Apunyo, Program Manager

Catalina Crane, High Presidential Adviser for Public and Private Affairs, Office of the President of Colombia, Colombia

Janamitra Devan, Independent Adviser, Strategy and Leadership, USA; Gao Changlin, Deputy Director-General Exchange, Development and Service Center for Science and

the movement of workers to the most suitable jobs Economies also depend on electricity supplies that are

Workers who are ill cannot function to their potential and will be less productive. Poor health leads to significant costs to

business, as sick workers are often absent or operate at lower levels of efficiency. Investment in the provision of

each individual worker. Moreover, often workers who have received little formal education can carry out only simple manual tasks

and find it much more difficult to adapt to more advanced production processes and techniques,

countries to nurture pools of well-educated workers who are able to perform complex tasks and adapt rapidly to

critical for ensuring that workers are allocated to their most effective use in the economy and provided with

workers from one economic activity to another rapidly and at low cost, and to allow for wage fluctuations

strong incentives for employees and efforts to promote meritocracy at the workplace, and they must provide

on worker performance and the attractiveness of the country for talent, two aspects that are growing more

annual Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey) to capture concepts that require a more qualitative assessment

will gather insights from high-level experts in academia along with practitioners and business leaders to identify the improvements needed to capture the evolving nature

The labor market balances employee protection with flexibility and the countryâ€ s business needs (1st. Public

Respondents to the Executive Opinion Survey 2014 cited the difficulty of finding qualified workers as

the single most problematic factor for doing business in the country. The recent acceptance by Swiss citizens

Union (EU) workers to immigrate by reintroducing quotas could exacerbate the problem and erode Switzerlandâ€ s

of hiring and firing workers. In addition, the participation of women in the labor force (88th) is one of the lowest

strong labor-employer relations; and a very high percentage of women in the labor force Despite the drop of one position that leads to

specifically, although cooperation in labor-employer relations and the flexibility of wage determination are perceived more favorably (52nd and 43rd, respectively

executives, although research institutes are assessed more favorably (53rd) and the countryâ€ s patenting rate is

the cost associated with making a worker redundant is equivalent to 58 weeks of salary (139th.

sector employs 3. 1 million workers, or 0. 6 percent of Indiaâ€ s 482 million strong labor force (but accounts for 6 percent of

system (126th) that fails to provide workers with the necessary set of skills for an economy in transition

continuing significant tensions in labor-employer relations 144th). ) Raising education standards and making its labor market more efficient will

and labor-employer relations are reasonably good 57th). ) Moreover, Senegal hosts relatively good ports 58th), although all other modes of transport require

concerns about the quality of labor-employer relations 97th), hiring and firing practices (78th), and the alignment

Much More Output Per Worker than Others? â€ The Quarterly Journal of Economics 114 (1:

Indicators that are derived not from the Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey) are identified by an asterisk

%7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination 7. 03 Hiring and firing practices

of international experts (Boxâ 1) â€ has embarked on an effort to integrate the concept of sustainability into its

Findings from the Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey) show that the stringency of regulations has increased

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey, multiple years Note: Full Survey questions are provided here Stringency of environmental regulations:

raises worker productivity by 4. 2 percent. 20 Finally, environment-driven health problems lead to resource misallocation, forcing governments

These workers usually receive less on-the-job training than their counterparts in stable positions thus reducing the overall level of human capital

employment opportunities for the majority of the countryâ€ s population, and reduces poverty. 4 Reductions in excessive

When workers have access only to short-term contracts or vulnerable employment, they are exposed to negative shocks

workers are more vulnerable to concerns related to job loss, old age, maternity, disability, or illness Relationship between environmental and social

workers more vulnerable to concerns related to job loss, old age, maternity, disability, or illness. The social

workers, taking a toll on their health and reducing the potential of the next generation to succeed.

Forum has continued to work closely with experts at Yaleâ€ s Center for Environmental law and Policy

is available only to some full-time urban workers The country does not report data related to youth

to the Federal Employment agency, over the past four years the number of individuals who require state support to get by despite

/Zivin, J. and M. Neidell. 2011. â€oethe Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity. â€ NBER Working Paper No. 17004.

Variables that are derived not from the Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey) are identified by an asterisk

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment 2012 or most recent Vulnerable employment refers to unpaid family workers and own

-account workers as a percentage of total employmentâ€ that is the share of own-account and contributing family workers in total

employment. A contributing family worker is a person who is self -employed in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related

person living in the same household, and who cannot be regarded as a partner because the degree of his or her commitment to the

operation of the establishment, in terms of the working time or other factors to be determined by national circumstances,

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

The Executive Opinion Survey the Survey) is the longest-running and most extensive survey of its kind.

The Executive Opinion Survey 86 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 Table 1: The 42 languages in which the 2014 Survey was available

Descriptive statistics of the Executive Opinion Survey 2014 Source: International monetary fund, World Economic Outlook database, April 2014 edition

The Executive Opinion Survey this year. The Survey was completed not to minimum requirements in Benin, Brunei Darussalam, or Liberia

and on discussions with survey experts. The Survey sampling guidelines specify that the Partner Institute

Country/economy coverage of the Executive Opinion Survey n Previous coverage n 2014 additions Â 2014 World Economic Forum

The Executive Opinion Survey 88 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 Â 2014 World Economic Forum

The Executive Opinion Survey Â 2014 World Economic Forum 1. 3: The Executive Opinion Survey

90 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 administered in a variety of formats, including face-to

A brief history of the Executive Opinion Survey and The Global Competitiveness Report The Global Competitiveness Report began as a research

and is today known as the Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey. Over the years, it has undergone

The Executive Opinion Survey undertaken two audits since 2008 as well as yearly reviews of both the Index and the Survey

An initial external audit by a team of survey experts from Gallup was performed in 2008.

Along with updating some questions, following expert recommendations, the Survey will be shortened and its terminology simplified With such ongoing efforts in the realm of survey

The Executive Opinion Survey 92 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 Box 3: Insights from the Executive Opinion Survey 2014

The respondents of the Executive Opinion Survey largely reflect the characteristics and diversity of the economic fabric

of the countries covered. They also demonstrate the efforts undertaken by the Partner Institutes to follow the sampling

of executives from those smaller companies (Figure 1a Indeed, small enterprises, defined here as those with fewer

than 50 employees, account for 27 percent of the sample in Advanced Economies and Emerging and Developing Asia

â€oerepeatâ€ respondentsâ€ that is to say, they are executives who have taken previously part in the Survey (Figure 1d.

Company size by number of employees 1c: Revenues generated by exports 1b: Company ownership 1d:

The Executive Opinion Survey the standardized scoreâ€ or â€oez-scoreâ€ â€ method, which indicates by how many standard deviations any one

The Executive Opinion Survey 94 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 time. As part of this analysis, we run an inter-quartile

of local experts and consider the latest developments in a country in order to assess the plausibility of the Survey

The Executive Opinion Survey measure, we will continue to investigate the situation over the coming months in an effort to improve the

14,000 executives into critical drivers of their respective countriesâ€ development. This scale could not be

â€oein your country, to what extent do companies invest in training and employee development? 1=not at all 7=to a great extent. â€ This question is not a new Survey question

The Executive Opinion Survey 96 The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 NOTES 1 The World Economic Forumâ€ s Global Competitiveness and

Market research for carrying out the Executive Opinion Survey 2014 in the United states, following the detailed sampling

2 Company size is defined as the number of employees of the firm in the country of the Survey respondent.

executives as the most problematic for doing business in their economy. The information is drawn from the

2014 edition of the World Economic Forumâ€ s Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey), with the exception of

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...37 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 1...121

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 6...130 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...104

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 2...142 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 1...122

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 5...135 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...2. 6...140

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...42 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...65

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...109 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 7...132

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...12 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...2. 5...142

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...66 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...40

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 1...20 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 8...12

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...104 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...85

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 9...33 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...81

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...78 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 8...129

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...62 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 2...59

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...120 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 0...124

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...69 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...42

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...123 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 0...125

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...111 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...44

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...94 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...50

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 4...138 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...61

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...74 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...92

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 6...128 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...98

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 0...26 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...46

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...114 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...80

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 6...127 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...66

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 6...48 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 6...25

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 4...58 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...84

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 6...47 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...53

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...13 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...76

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...40 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...95

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...126 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...34

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 8...36 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 5...108

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...52 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...43

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...6. 0...3 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 5...107

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...55 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 2...55

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...95 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...67

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...81 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 9...126

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 9...28 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 2...1

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...97 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...74

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 0...27 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...2. 4...143

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 6...129 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...87

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...113 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 5...111

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...38 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...23

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...80 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 6...26

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 2...19 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 4...136

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...85 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 3...137

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...108 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 2...118

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 2...18 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...21

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...124 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...47

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...73 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...70

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 8...116 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...62

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...41 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...97

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 5...9 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 1...4

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...71 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...64

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...11 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 1...120

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...90 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 4...113

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 6...46 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 4...114

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 5...134 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 8...130

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...16 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...79

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...76 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...78

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 4...137 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 0...138

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...75 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...38

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 6...6 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 9...9

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 6...44 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...73

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...49 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...20

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...70 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...69

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 6...132 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 2...58

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...56 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 2...56

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...88 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...16

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 1...21 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...22

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 8...35 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 0...6

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...82 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...51

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...102 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 0...123

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...103 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...82

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...87 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 0...8

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...15 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...96

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...63 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...18

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...77 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 2...57

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...68 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...48

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...14 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...33

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...53 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...94

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 8...34 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...52

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 4...136 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...101

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 9...31 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...99

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 6...45 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...88

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...86 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...30

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...92 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...17

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...106 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...75

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...83 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...37

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 6...131 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 9...128

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 8...115 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...36

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...101 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...91

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 2...141 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 4...115

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 5...7 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 5...135

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 5...8 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 8...14

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...67 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...90

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 4...61 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...35

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 8...4 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 7...133

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 0...25 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 6...27

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...107 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...103

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...51 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...106

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 4...59 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...32

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...64 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...39

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 9...29 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...86

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...100 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 6...29

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...65 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 7...93

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 9...30 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...19

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 7...5 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 0...5

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...125 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...68

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...89 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 6...28

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 0...24 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...54

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...50 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 8...13

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 4...57 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 5...112

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 3...140 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...45

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...99 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...83

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...84 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...71

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...6. 1...2 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 0...7

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...105 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...102

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...121 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 9...127

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...2. 5...144 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...2. 7...139

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...93 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 2...117

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...39 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 4...41

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 7...122 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 0...72

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 3...72 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 5...109

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 4...17 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 6...134

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...6. 2...1 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 7...15

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 1...23 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 5...31

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 5...54 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 8...89

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 8...117 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...105

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 9...32 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 3...116

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...110 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 5...110

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 5...133 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 6...100

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 8...118 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 2...119

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...96 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 3...49

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 1...91 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 2...2

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 8...119 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...4. 9...77

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 5...10 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...6. 1...3

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...5. 1...22 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 8...10

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 7...43 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 6...24

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 4...139 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...2. 4...144

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...2. 9...143 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...3. 7...131

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 2...79 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...60

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 0...98 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 8...11

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...4. 4...60 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...5. 1...63

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...3. 9...112 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...2. 6...141

Economic Forumâ€ s Executive Opinion Survey (the Survey have represented country scores by blue-colored bar

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations...484 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination...485 7. 03 Hiring and firing practices...

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

Average score across the five components of the following Executive Opinion Survey question: In your country, how common is it for firms to make undocumented extra

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

In your country, to what extent do companies invest in training and employee development? 1=not at all; 7=to a great extent 2013â€ 14 weighted average

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations In your country, how would you characterize labor-employer relations?

1=generally confrontational; 7=generally cooperative 2013â€ 14 weighted average SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey.

For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report 2. 2: Data Tables

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

In your country, how would you characterize the hiring and firing of workers? 1=heavily impeded by regulations;

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

In your country, to what extent is pay related to worker productivity? 1=not related to worker productivity; 7=strongly related to worker productivity 2013â€ 14

weighted average SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

2. 2: Data Tables The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 489 Â 2014 World Economic Forum

RANK COUNTRY/ECONOMY VALUE 1 MEAN 4. 2 7 1 New zealand...6. 5 2 Norway...

In your country, who holds senior management positions? 1=usually relatives or friends without regard to merit;

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

International labour organization, Key Indicators of the Labour markets, 8th Edition; national sources 2. 2: Data Tables The Global Competitiveness Report 2014â€ 2015 493

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

1=not willing at allâ€ senior management takes all important decisions; 7 =very willingâ€ authority is delegated mostly to business unit heads and other lower-level managers 2013â€ 14 weighted average

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey. For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

indicators derived from the Executive Opinion Survey the Survey), the full question and associated answers

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Technical Notes and Sources 1. 02 Intellectual property protection

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 03 Diversion of public funds In your country, how common is diversion of public funds

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 04 Public trust in politicians In your country, how would you rate the ethical standards of

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 05 Irregular payments and bribes Average score across the five components of the following

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 06 Judicial independence In your country, to what extent is the judiciary independent

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 07 Favoritism in decisions of government officials In your country, to what extent do government officials show

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 08 Wastefulness of government spending In your country, how efficiently does the government spend

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Â 2014 World Economic Forum Technical Notes and Sources

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 10 Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 11 Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regulations

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 12 Transparency of government policymaking In your country, how easy is it for businesses to obtain

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 13 Business costs of terrorism In your country, to what extent does the threat of terrorism

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 14 Business costs of crime and violence In your country, to what extent does the incidence of crime

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 15 Organized crime In your country, to what extent does organized crime

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 16 Reliability of police services In your country, to what extent can police services be relied

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 17 Ethical behavior of firms In your country, how would you rate the corporate ethics of

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 18 Strength of auditing and reporting standards In your country, how strong are financial auditing and

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 19 Efficacy of corporate boards In your country, how would you characterize corporate

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 20 Protection of minority shareholdersâ€ interests In your country, to what extent are the interests of minority

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 1. 21 Strength of investor protection Strength of Investor Protection Index on a 0â€ 10 (best) scale

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2. 02 Quality of roads In your country, how would you assess the quality of roads

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2. 03 Quality of railroad infrastructure In your country, how would you assess the quality of the

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2. 04 Quality of port infrastructure In your country, how would you assess the quality of seaports

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Â 2014 World Economic Forum Technical Notes and Sources

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2. 06 Available airline seat kilometers Airline seat kilometers (in millions) available on all flights

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2. 08 Mobile telephone subscriptions Number of mobile telephone subscriptions per 100 population

derivatives, and employee stock options. For Australia, Belgium Canada, Hong kong SAR, Iceland, New zealand, and Sweden government debt coverage also includes insurance technical

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 4. 03 Tuberculosis incidence Estimated number of tuberculosis cases per 100,000

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 4. 05 HIV prevalence HIV prevalence as a percentage of adults aged 15â€ 49 years

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 4. 07 Infant mortality Infant (children aged 0â€ 12 months) mortality per 1, 000 live

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 4. 10 Primary education enrollment rate Net primary education enrollment rate 2012

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 5. 04 Quality of math and science education In your country, how would you assess the quality of math

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 5. 05 Quality of management schools In your country, how would you assess the quality of business

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 5. 06 Internet access in schools In your country, how widespread is Internet access in schools

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 5. 07 Local availability of specialized research and training

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 5. 08 Extent of staff training In your country, to what extent do companies invest in training

and employee development? 1=not at all; 7=to a great extent 2013â€ 14 weighted average Source:

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Pillar 6: Goods market efficiency 6. 01 Intensity of local competition

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 02 Extent of market dominance In your country, how would you characterize corporate activity

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 03 Effectiveness of antimonopoly policy In your country, to what extent does antimonopoly policy

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 04 Effect of taxation on incentives to invest

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 05 Total tax rate This indicator is a combination of profit tax(%of profits

contributions and labor taxes paid by the employer, property taxes, turnover taxes, and other small taxes.

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 09 Prevalence of trade barriers In your country, to what extent do non-tariff barriers

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 10 Trade tariffs Trade-weighted average tariff rate 2013

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 12 Business impact of rules on FDI In your country, to what extent do rules and regulations

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 13 Burden of customs procedures In your country, how efficient are the customs procedures

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 14 Imports as a percentage of GDP Imports of goods and services as a percentage of gross

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 6. 16 Buyer sophistication In your country, how do buyers make purchasing decisions

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Pillar 7: Labor market efficiency 7. 01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations

In your country, how would you characterize labor-employer relations? 1=generally confrontational; 7=generally

cooperative 2013â€ 14 weighted average Source: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 02 Flexibility of wage determination

In your country, how are wages generally set 1=by a centralized bargaining process; 7=by each individual

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 03 Hiring and firing practices In your country, how would you characterize the hiring

and firing of workers? 1=heavily impeded by regulations 7=extremely flexible 2013â€ 14 weighted average

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 04 Redundancy costs Redundancy costs in weeks of salary 2013

redundant worker, expressed in weekly wages. For more details about the methodology employed and the assumptions made

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 06 Pay and productivity In your country, to what extent is pay related to worker

productivity? 1=not related to worker productivity 7=strongly related to worker productivity 2013â€ 14 weighted average

Source: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 07 Reliance on professional management In your country, who holds senior management positions

1=usually relatives or friends without regard to merit 7=mostly professional managers chosen for merit and

qualifications 2013â€ 14 weighted average Source: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 08 Country capacity to retain talent

Does your country retain talented people? 1=the best and brightest leave to pursue opportunities in other countries

7=the best and brightest stay and pursue opportunities in the country 2013â€ 14 weighted average

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey For more details, refer to Chapter 1. 3 of this Report

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 7. 10 Female participation in the labor force Ratio of women to men in the labor force 2012

Labour markets, 8th Edition; national sources Pillar 8: Financial market development 8. 01 Availability of financial services

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 02 Affordability of financial services In your country, to what extent are financial services affordable

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 03 Financing through local equity market In your country, how easy is it for companies to raise money

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 04 Ease of access to loans In your country, how easy is it to obtain a bank loan with only

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 05 Venture capital availability In your country, how easy is it for entrepreneurs with innovative

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 06 Soundness of banks In your country, how would you assess the soundness of

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 07 Regulation of securities exchanges In your country, how effective are the regulation and

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 8. 08 Legal rights index Degree of legal protection of borrowersâ€ and lendersâ€ rights on

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 9. 02 Firm-level technology absorption In your country, to what extent do businesses adopt new

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 9. 03 FDI and technology transfer To what extent does foreign direct investment (FDI) bring new

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 9. 04 Internet users Percentage of individuals using the Internet 2013

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.02 Local supplier quality In your country, how would you assess the quality of local

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.03 State of cluster development In your country, how widespread are developed well and

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.04 Nature of competitive advantage What is the competitive advantage of your countryâ€ s

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.05 Value chain breadth In your country, do companies have a narrow or broad

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.06 Control of international distribution To what extent are international distribution and marketing from

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.07 Production process sophistication In your country, how sophisticated are production processes

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.08 Extent of marketing In your country, to what extent do companies use sophisticated

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 11.09 Willingness to delegate authority In your country, how do you assess the willingness to delegate

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Pillar 12: Innovation 12.01 Capacity for innovation In your country, to what extent do companies have the

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey Â 2014 World Economic Forum Technical Notes and Sources

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 12.03 Company spending on R&d In your country, to what extent do companies spend on

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 12.04 University-industry collaboration in R&d In your country, to what extent do business and universities

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 12.05 Government procurement of advanced technology products In your country, to what extent do government purchasing

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 12.06 Availability of scientists and engineers In your country, to what extent are scientists and engineers

World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 12.07 PCT patent applications Number of applications filed under the Patent Cooperation

built relationships with C-suite executives of partner companies; and oversaw the operation-management responsibilities of a team of coordinators.

He is a consultant on growth and competitiveness for a number of countries, international institutions, and

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