able to perform unpredictable tasks and work semi -autonomously, will reduce the physical commitment needed from human carers.
The system developed works indoors, with small and low cost changes needed in the user†s
and for citizens to study, work reside and retire anywhere in the EU. Key to this strategy is the development of large
of goods, services and works by the EU public sector is estimated to be almost 20%of EU GDP (2010 figures.
give advice and work bi-directionally), near-zero energy buildings and more energy-efficient transport systems.
Hospilot works in two main areas: lighting and HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air conditioning), which account for nearly 80%of all energy use in hospitals
in normal houses and working environments It has a threefold goal: improving energy efficiency, increasing the penetration of
and works with existing logistics. It has been designed to work for any data centre, Computing style, Monitoring and Automation
flow volume and work with the resulting rate of accidents per million miles traveled or some
residence than his/her usual work place. As obvious as this should be as a way of eliminating
impacts (substitution of work travel by not-for-work travel and moving further to work E-office (internet, e-mail, portable
computers, tele-servicing Possibly reduces travel during work. May cause increase of long distance travel because of more on the move-move working
options E-meeting (tele-and videoconferencing) Reduces travel needs to a limited extent, cannot substitute key
non-work purposes by teleworkers, and 2) long-term effects, like relocation at a greater physical distance from work
The lateral control task works by infrared sensors that measure variation in reflection of the standard markers on the road surface.
Anecdotal and real data demonstrate excessive costs for overtime, medical card payments and drugs compared with European averages.
supported that work The lack of standardised systems restricts our ability to deliver information where it†s
resources, and a more satisfying work environment for the staff. Such a system should ICT€ s Role in Healthcare Transformation
Section 5 concludes the paper providing directions for future work 2 ICT innovation in Healthcare
An example of indirect method is proposed in 8. This work aims to identify hy -pertensive patients who do not adhere to prescribed medication using an ontology
disease and leave unrestricted access to some information which may reveal his medi -cal condition.
This work has been done in the context of the THECS project which is supported by the Dutch national program COMMIT
training centre and started work in Helsinki, Finland in 1985. The Institute undertakes applied research and policy analysis on structural changes
Work is carried out by staff researchers and visiting scholars in Helsinki and through networks of
Internal factors could be self-motivation, technical education background, work experience, and innovative ideas of entrepreneurs.
both internal factors such as self-motivation, technical education background, work experience, and innovative ideas of entrepreneurs on the one hand, and external factors
and labour would depend more on how far they have been able to satisfy their customers†needs and requirements rather than on the nature of
well as that of labour, has a significant influence on the rate of growth of sales turnover of innovative SMES
Similarly, Kg and Lg are CARG of capital and labour respectively, during 2001/2†2005/6 and ISP is average percentage of innovated products
variables of labour and capital, we have not used any interaction term for the present analysis
important is the increase in capital as well as labour. Thus if an innovative SME could expand the scale of production in terms of capital
and labour and achieve an increase in innovation sales, it will be able to experience a significant improvement in the growth of
-Work experience -Innovative ideas External Factors Market Pressure -Customer demand -Market opportunities -Suppliers of equipments
identify good practice and work to coordinate domestic and international policies The OECD member countries are:
the European communities takes part in the work of the OECD OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation†s statistics gathering
This work is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-general of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the
Headquarters in 2007 under the OECD Labour Management Programme The authors would like to express particular thanks to country experts
assisted the Secretariat as an outside expert consultant on background work for the chapter on monitoring
sheets, were developed to guide daily work, and substantial efforts were made to foster self management The most frequently cited effect of ICTS on efficiency is related to
ICTS can reduce some of the work involved in collecting patient information and getting it to where it is needed.
since labour typically represents the lion's share of dispensing costs in community pharmacies. This could improve customer
Claims that cost USD 5. 00 to submit in labour costs per CHAPTER 1. GENERATING VALUE FROM HEALTH ICTS †41
care is a labour-intensive and time-consuming process and generally occurs retroactively Case studies show that automated data collection
Employment, Labour and Social affairs, OECD Publishing www. oecd. org/els/health/workingpapers Rosen, B. 1989), â€oeprofessional Reimbursement and Professional Behavior
Beaulieu, N d. and D. R. Horrigan (2005), â€oeputting Smart money to Work for Quality Improvementâ€, Health Services Research, Vol. 40
Committee in the United states (Certification and Adoption Work Group meeting of 14 july 2009) 5 recently noted the issues listed below pertaining
ergonomics, and clinical decision support In Alberta, the products that were tested and conform to VCUR are
applications in their clinical work, and this propensity may in turn, be linked to the level of skill and competence of providers, as well as to incentives
Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social affairs, OECD Publishing, Paris OECD (2009), OECD Health Data 2009 †Statistics and Indicators for 30
deliverables of value to all the potential beneficiaries, engaging physicians in the work of jointly pursuing primary care renewal and better care for patients in the North
to work. Central to the programme, Ib-Salut†s Hospital Son Dureta in Palma ANNEX A. COUNTRY CASE STUDIES †143
The work of locum GPS is demanding because of patients with a wide range of problems and needs and of the
overlapping work streams. Activity on work stream 1 has focused on collecting information on how OECD countries are monitoring health ICTS
specifically on surveys or data collections that are considered useful from a policy perspective and the most common indicators used today
On work stream 2, the project has proceeded in several phases. First, a scoping paper was commissioned to review the strength of the available
and consider how the work could best be carried out. Given the dearth of data, the workshop concluded that
established to help guide the work, the development of a framework for the selection and analysis of case studies and interpretation of results.
been guidance to the different work packages and structuring the relation between the work packages
The IPF has been organised in six work packages, each headed by one of the consortium members.
VINNOVA has coordinated and managed the project. Five of these work packages have focused on identifying
and developing better practices to support SMES (the WP2, WP3 and WP5), or to identify
future work. It presents -IPF as a learning platform that facilitates collaboration and learning among organisations
organisation of the work This is followed by presenting the main lessons learned from the network/learning platform, the
that has governed the work processes. It presents the definitions of the model and the key processes
work packages, with a description of experiences from the processes and recommendations, both with regard to the tools in themselves and with
to the different work packages, structuring the relation between them. These relations are illustrated in figure 1
a way to structure the relation between the work packages of the IPF and the organisation of the
Work packages Identification and analysis of good practises of policy initiatives Service Delivery System Design
The IPF has been organised in six work packages each headed by one of the consortium members
The work has been conducted with an approach to facilitate and maximise networking and exchange of
and contribute to the work and to incorporate positive group dynamics in to the processes All groups have worked with the challenges
Five of these work packages have focused on the identification and development of better practices to support SMES (the WP2, WP3 and
the synthesis of the results of the work package The common framework and the segmentation
1. Work package 1 has allocated responsibilities with regard to the management of the INNO Partnering Forum Council
2. Work package 2 included peer reviews of European agencies and programmes in order to identify and to analyse good practises
3. Work package 3 included twinning, i e. working with transferring good practices from one policy context to another policy context (e g
4. Work package 4 included evaluating, testing and elaborating new quality management systems that have the purpose to improve
5. Work package 5 included peer reviews of good practices at innovation agencies outside of Europe
6. Work package 6 included improving delivery of innovation support services to SMES The consortium has held regular meetings
working actively in different work packages and also used IT-tools such as Linkedin (www. linkedin
or work processes that guides users on how the language should be applied when analysing and transferring good practices between
•The work processes have also been positive in generating new networks and broadened the
used in Work package 2 focused on reviewing policy instruments, but also in Work package 5
and 6 •A twinning method used to redesign good practices from one policy context to another
in Work package 3, focused on transfer of good practices between policy contexts •EFQM has been adopted to identify and assess
agencies, mainly used in Work package 4 on efficiency and effectiveness in agency operations •Guidelines for design of service delivery
systems, mainly done in Work package 6 on service delivery systems •The Conceptual Framework and the
Segmentation method developed in Work package 1 can also be regarded as part of the IPFTOOL set
obtained in the work with identification and analysis of good practises. However, assessment and description of transferability need further
template driven process that works well. The questionnaires, templates and other documents that supports the peer review have been very
The work package has established a model for the conduct of peer reviews •However, there are areas for improvement
•In the future one should perhaps work more with Twinning advanced, involving learning between experienced actors.
•The work package has developed tools and guidelines so that other agencies can start implementing the EFQM model by themselves
At the same time the experience of the work package is that it is beneficial to work with other
foundation to work from and such funds must be able to commit themselves to companies with a high growth potential
SMES to work with innovation management and not only in R&d and product development. This involves broadening the innovation concept to
pick which work packages to be involved in. In this approach external experts can be included when needed.
•Work with capacity building in less developed countries and regions The remaining issues should be discussed and
investment and hard work is important to foster innovation in Australia Likewise, much will be required of our workforce,
the financial system, competition policy, workplace relations, energy, agriculture and the development of northern Australia, among other issues, to provide roadmaps for further
•returning our workplace relations system to the sensible centre; and •helping parents stay in the workforce
â€'improving incentives to work, including through the interaction of the tax and transfer systems;
•returning our workplace relations system to the sensible centre; and •helping parents stay in the workforce
Returning the workplace relations system to the sensible centre The workplace relations system has an important role in ensuring workers†rights, pay and
conditions are fair and appropriate. At the same time, businesses need the flexibility to adapt and seize new opportunities
our workplace relations system to the sensible centre Actions already taken •Introduced the Building and Construction industry (Improving Productivity) Bill 2013 to
•Introduced the Fair Work (Registered Organisations) Amendment Bill 2014 to establish a Registered Organisations Commission to better align the responsibilities of, and penalties
•Introduced the Fair Work Amendment Bill 2014 to: apply good faith bargaining rules to negotiations for,
implement a number of recommendations from the 2012 Fair Work Review Actions to come •The Government will further amend the Fair Work laws to ensure protected industrial
action cannot be taken unless genuine and meaningful negotiations have occurred, and require productivity improvements to be discussed in enterprise agreement negotiations
•The Government will task the Productivity Commission to review Australia†s workplace relations framework, including the Fair Work laws.
Any recommendations accepted by the Government will be taken to the next election TPO00007 An action plan for a stronger Australia
The Government aims to ease the labour cost pressures for employers and the financial pressure
for families when a woman takes time off work to have a child, and to ensure that child care
•The Government will expand the Paid Parental Leave scheme to provide eligible parents with 26 weeks of replacement wages (up to a maximum of $50, 000), plus superannuation
to enable them to take time off work to care for their new child TPO00007 An action plan for a stronger Australia
and improve market access for goods and labour This includes â€'$5 billion over five years toward the Asset Recycling Initiative, which provides
Barriers to foreign investment and skilled labour have also been reduced, allowing these to move to where the commercial returns
imported business inputs, skilled labour and investor capital. Large businesses will have more opportunities to scale up for a world
hard for sales of goods and services exports, for skilled labour, for investor capital and for a
and labour, including from offshore, into the resources sector Economic reforms of the past allowed the economy to smoothly absorb the resources boom.
complex and hazardous working environments. The company specialises in simulation and visualisation technology, which allows miners to gain valuable insight and experience in the mines they
work in. As a result of its research and development programme VR Space has expanded the uses of its real-time interactive graphics
as well as for skilled labour, for investor capital and for a place in the world†s supply chains
The most recent WEF competitiveness study (2014b) pointed to restrictive labour regulations, inefficient government bureaucracy, tax rates and regulations, and inadequate
•to improve our workplace relations system, the Government is amending the Fair Work Act 2009 and will reestablish the Australian Building and Construction Commission
•to improve infrastructure, the Government is delivering an $11. 6 billion Infrastructure Growth Package, including $5 billion for States and Territories that privatise State owned
or work practices before they spread more broadly through the economy. The competition that this elicits challenges incumbent firms to
competition with private businesses for labour, land and capital. Finally, less government regulation will reduce business compliance costs
markets, develop and embrace new technologies or work practices, and respond profitably to economic changes.
different work health and safety laws also add to the complexity of operating a multi-jurisdiction business
of organisations that can opt-in to the Comcare workers†compensation and work health and safety regime.
companies, the reduction will offset the cost of the Government†s Paid Parental Leave levy.
•improving incentives to work, including through the interaction of the tax and transfer systems;
work with other governments to facilitate trade through international trusted trader arrangements, consistent with the B20 recommendation for practical trade facilitation
of the Energy White paper, the Government will consider the recommendations and work with the States as necessary to reduce the cost of,
•returning our workplace relations system to the sensible centre; and •boosting the workforce participation of parents
people for work, relevant skills acquisition must be a focus at all levels of the education and
This is why the Government is committed to work with State and Territory governments and the sector to improve the whole education system from primary education
•fewer than one in three Australian researchers work in industry, which is half the
Vocational education and training that prepares Australians for work The VET system is regarded generally well. Government support for VET training is extensive
a taskforce to work with key stakeholders, including State governments, registered training organisations, industry groups and employers, to develop a reform plan that creates a more
to position themselves to take advantage of new technology, innovative work practices, new and emerging opportunities, opening export markets and emerging economies.
for participants, building on existing national summer schools for STEM. trialling a new, innovative pathway from education to work
to help young people successfully transition from education to work with the knowledge and capabilities, including competency in STEM subjects that are in demand by industry
Workplace learning subjects including workplace visits, project-based learning and internships will be embedded in the curriculum and school timetabling
ongoing work programme The Government is working to address additional issues in the VET sector,
otherwise work for our competitors While migration has been a hallmark of Australia†s development, many Australians have
We will continue to work with industry to ensure that the process of recruiting overseas
Returning the workplace relations system to the sensible centre Workplace relations regulation has become too rigid
and is hurting Australia†s competitiveness The workplace relations system has an important role in ensuring workers†rights, pay and
conditions are fair and appropriate. At the same time, businesses need the flexibility to adapt and seize new opportunities
and our workplace relations system must do the same, otherwise our businesses and workers will be left behind.
workplace relations system to the sensible centre The Fair Work Act 2009 provides the legislative framework underpinning the national workplace
relations system, which covers the majority of Australian workplaces. The Government is committed to keeping the Fair Work framework,
but we want to ensure it helps build a more stable, fair and prosperous future for Australia†s workforce, businesses and the economy.
To this end, the Government has promised that the Productivity Commission will be asked to undertake a comprehensive review of the workplace relations framework, including the Fair Work laws
This will include an assessment of the impact of the framework on productivity, how it could be
better wages and living standards, make workplaces operate better and reduce red tape. The Commission†s recommendations will inform any workplace
relations policy the Government takes to the next election In the meantime, consistent with our pre-election commitments, we have a significant agenda
needs an effective regulator, yet the previous Government replaced the ABCC with Fair Work Building and Construction (FWBC),
and higher penalties for unlawful conduct will again ensure work is carried out fairly, efficiently and productively
Third, several problems are being addressed through our Fair Work Amendment Bill 2014, which aims to restore balance to the workplace relations system by
•Removing the capacity of unions to frustrate greenfields agreements bargaining through unsustainable claims and delays †Negotiations for greenfields agreements (for new
workplaces. Submissions to the 2012 Fair Work Act Review showed some unions have exploited this exemption for greenfield agreements to pursue excessive wage claims and
delay the commencement of projects, creating doubt over whether a project will proceed Mccallum, Moore, & Edwards, 2012.
the Fair Work Commission approve the agreement •Restoring union workplace access rules and reducing excessive right-of-entry visits by union
officials †The current right of entry provisions are broader than under previous workplace relations legislation. Under the Fair Work Act, union officials with an entry permit have
TPO00007 An action plan for a stronger Australia Industry Innovation and C om petitiveness A
genda Industry Innovation and Competitiveness Agenda 59 the reform Agenda: Ambition 2 a right to access workplaces including those that do not have any members.
The 2012 Fair Work Act Review found this has led to frequent use of entry rights by some unions
The Review notes that during the construction phase of BHP Billiton†s Worsley Alumina plant, visits by union officials increased from zero in 2007 to 792 visits in 2010 (Mccallum
The Bill provides that a union is entitled to enter a workplace for discussion purposes only if it is covered by an enterprise agreement,
the Bill ensures the Fair Work Commission can properly deal with excessive right of entry visits †for example, by suspending,
•Improving workplace flexibility by enhancing the scope for employees to make individual flexibility arrangements that meet their genuine needs †Under the Fair Work Act
employees and employers should be able to achieve flexibility in the workplace through individual flexibility arrangements (IFAS.
However, the Fair Work Act currently allows enterprise agreements to restrict the use of IFAS.
This means that employees covered by an enterprise agreement may be denied the opportunity for more suitable workplace
arrangements even if their employer agrees. The Bill provides workers with fair flexibility by ensuring IFAS can be made in relation to a minimum of five key conditions
Work laws enable industrial action in support of claims for a new enterprise agreement before bargaining has commenced.
The Government will further amend the Fair Work legislation to ensure that protected industrial action can only happen after there have been genuine and meaningful talks between workers
excessive and would not have a manifestly adverse impact on workplace productivity. We will also require employees
and this will be supported by the proposed Paid Parental Leave (PPL scheme and informed by the Productivity Commission review of Childcare and Early childhood
The availability of paid parental leave and affordable childcare are supported strongly by international organisations to assist women†s
skilled labour, facilitates information and technology transfer, and allows greater specialisation by businesses and workers.
time and job search costs, allowing workers to access more distant workplaces. These benefits are particularly important for Australia due to its geographical size, dispersed population
and allocated $300 million for pre-construction works in the 2014-15 Budget. The Budget also provided
outcomes of this work may be considered in the Developing Northern Australia and Agricultural Competitiveness White papers Infrastructure for the future
Alongside this work, the Government has commissioned Infrastructure Australia to audit critical water, energy, communication and transport infrastructure in northern Australia and separately
These independent audits will help to inform the approaches and work programme on water supply and use over the coming years
delivered more than half of the engineering construction work done for the public sector in recent years, compared with around one third in 1986 (ABS, 2014g;
required hard work, networking and knowing the market. Founder and Director, Penny Street says †being the first audio tour company in India
innovative work practices, new and emerging opportunities, opening export markets and emerging economies. Larger companies may apply to access the Fund,
labour-intensive feeding methods on farms and is the result of the firm†s long term commitment
In addition, the Centre would work with regulators to improve the efficiency of the regulatory framework, while ensuring it
•ensuring research training prepares researchers to work with industry and bring their ideas to market
way of shares in the company a person works for (that is, an actual ownership share in
and embrace new technologies or work practices, and respond profitably to economic changes. Indeed, small businesses are ideal test beds for driving
On the big issues for competition policy, workplace relations and taxation, the Government has committed to major reviews.
undertake a comprehensive review of the operation and impact of Australia†s workplace relations framework.
competitiveness, and improving incentives to work and save Implementing the Competitiveness Agenda The Competitiveness Agenda focuses on what we can do now to improve competitiveness and
and work health safety and laws to eligible private employers as premium payers Late 2014 †early 2015
FWBC Fair Work Building and Construction GDP Gross domestic product IFA Individual Flexibility Arrangements IIASA International Institute of Applied Systems analysis
PPL Paid Parental Leave P-TECH Pathways in Technology Early College High school Pwc Pricewaterhousecoopers QS Quacquarelli Symonds
Women, Work and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity. International monetary fund Elms, D. K, . & Low, P. 2013).
employment growth and development, International Labour Conference. Geneva International Labour Office International labour organization. 2011). ) A Skilled Workforce for Strong, Sustainable and
Balanced Growth: a G20 Training Strategy, 2011. Geneva: International Labour Organization International monetary fund. 2014). ) Macroeconomic and reform priorities.
IMF, OECD and World bank Kemp, D, . & Norton, A. 2014). Review of the Demand Driven Funding System-Final Report
workplaces: An evaluation of the Fair Work legislation, 2012. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia Mckinsey Australia.
2014). ) Compete to Prosper: Improving Australia†s global competitiveness Mckinsey Minerals Council of Australia. 2012).
the work. A summary of the licence terms is available from http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/3. 0/au/deed. en.
job satisfaction provide the best starting point for increased innovative ability human beings constitute the most important resource in our effort to achieve
to innovation at their workplaces and to start their own enterprises the quality of the education system must be strengthened
further through work experience, learning and knowledge sharing the demand for competent personnel provides challenges for the education system
Both work tasks and production processes are becoming increasingly complex, and therefore the need for continuous competence development
social responsibility and the environment to play a role throughout the work of the admi
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