learning of the processes in the workplace First, the material informs you of what a certain technique
usefulness of a certain innovation tool for your purposes and your working environment This way, we hope to encourage the user of this guide to reflect on the question â€oewhat else
and academics or researchers that work together on commercially and strategically important devel -opment projects that are vital to a company†s future
ï Physical Work Environment The recent report for the European commission Innovation Management and the Knowledge-Driven
-works and some of the violations were fire stopping, fire suppression and physical security related. At
ï Gross, Clifford M.,The right fit †The power of ergonomics as a competitive strategy, Produc
ï There was a lot of paper work and bureaucracy "Innosupport: Supporting Innovation in SMES "-2. 2. SWOT Analysis
ï Paper work and bureaucracy ï Cultural differences with users Opportunities ï Support of local government
If the product works correctly for any one test case in the range 1 to 16,383, then it will probably work for any other test
an eye-opener in innovation work ï http://www. hi. is/joner/eaps/y3 16047. htm "Innosupport:
identify interrelationships of major tasks, work phases, and opportunities for improvements through the use of feedback loops at the organisation and the customer levels
this is not in our plan"it doesn†t work "2. We cannot do this without taking into account the regulations;
I†m sure it will not work; it is absolutely absurd 4. We will not be taken seriously;
and repeating old inefficient work habits ï this behavior limits individuasl, groups, and organisational performance having an impact on
Suitable analogies can be found in different fields of work or disciplines which seem to be
Therefore, for the composition of a work group, experts from different fields are useful (technicians, doctors, biologists etc
In looking for analogies from â€oedistantâ€oe fields of work, solution concepts can be developed that are
-ence, technical expertise, medicineâ€) †group work with experts from â€oedistant†fields can be very useful
not all will work but some of them will lead to completely new products, services and structures
built after many years of work it is mainly personal knowledge and difficult to be expressed with
In today†s very competitive work environment many employees don†t feel safe in their work position
pressure is intense and much of the work is routine and re -petitive. In this environment, best practice working procedures are business-critical-information
The 2 consulting companies then developed a comprehensive set of Work Instructions to communi -cate this information to groups of warehousemen, drivers and office staff
The drivers'work instructions, for example, covered starting a run, delivery to the store, collecting goods from warehouses, changing trailers and ending a run.
work instructions were accompanied by Training Mod -ules and Assessments, used by the trainers to train staff
easy it is for organisations to improve their effectiveness by harnessing the knowledge held by a work
-force that is often doing very routine work 4. 6. 6. Obstacles to develop Knowledge management (The cultural chal
-cussion, publications, teaming, job rotation Lack of time and meeting places, narrow idea of productive work Establish times and places fro knowledge trans
-fers: talk rooms, conference reports Status and rewards go to knowledge owners Evaluate performance and provide incentives
Individual work bias Promote and reward work in teams and commu -nities, and show how this gives better results
No time to share Capturing and sharing knowledge needs to be seen as part of the job, not an add-on
-works within your organisation. For example the chat room software"msn messenger"(free from Mi -crosoft) can be very powerful in allowing people in remote sites to have online conversations
work and stress, some firms will neglect this aspect. This is a mistake. A mistake will also be to expect
excellent work relations Proper capitalization of innovative potential of em -ployees, adequate reward for each important innovative
belongings at the work place Openness to learn from others Ask more questions about other peo
A quality circle is a group of persons that work in the same workshop or office, that meet once or twice
they use, the environment they work in. Basically, the success of the quality circles is based on the
Innovation is hard work. Most managers make the mistake of as -suming it will just happen.
-pointment to fellow does not change an employee†s work function or business unit. But, in exchange
ï The Art of Work http://www. accenture. com ï Innovation and SME Programme http://www. cordis. lu/innovation-smes/home. html
5. 2. 1. How the rating system works...96 5. 2. 2. Example...97 5. 2. 3. Resources...
5. 2. 1. How the rating system works The rating system works by setting a scale and using it to assign points to categories.
Each evaluation uses the assigned points in order to determine a score. The score has to be predetermined within a
ï At the beginning of a project, the outcome and the work that will have to be undertaken are of
-work during the hectic pre-launch stages. This is a direct result of better pre-development homework
But it also works the opposite way and catalyser manufacturers often buy our com -ponents and then sell the complete unit as their own product
-chased, whether overtime or extra shifts are necessary, and what the sequence of production will be
Because the work of many departments is related, production managers work closely with heads of other departments such as sales, procurement,
For example, the production manager works with the procurement department to ensure that plant inventories are maintained at their optimal level.
attitude of top managers toward these issues and we need to be prepared to patiently work to estab
responsibility Direct Labour Varies QC specialists Process control Production in -formation requi -rements High Varies Moderate Low
Labour Labour & mate -rial Material & labour Capital 6. 3. 3. How decisions in a production context should be made
In this section a unified framework for production decision-making is provided. The framework applies across a variety of processes,
materials, energy and labour skills Tactical planning Tactical (medium-range) plans, with a planning horizon from six
the size of the work force, the amount of overtime worked, the number of shifts worked
labour skills needed, nature of production planning and inventory man -agement decision systems Operation hours pf
and plan work. The engineering quality group is using information collected by the system to optimise and improve production processes.
ï Labour cost (â/hour ï Dependent on level of skills required and location ï Equipment investment cost (â
Copyright is concerned with new (original) literary, musical or artistic works. The creators of such works automatically acquire rights,
which mean that they can control their further use. Copyright has become particularly important because of the wide range of works that are seen now to be covered by
it. These include computer software; any drawing, map, chart or plan; photographs and films; architec
-tural works; sculptures; sound recordings; tv and radio broadcasts etc. Rights are related not just to the originators of the works themselves but apply also to people performing the works
DESIGNS Designs are concerned with the appearance of a product †features of e g. shape, configuration
that their works can be disseminated without fear of unauthorized copying or piracy. This in turn helps increase access to
Copyright notice should be placed on all published works for the following reasons ï It informs the public that the work is protected by copyright
(and thereby helps to scare aware potential infringers ï It prevents a party from claiming the status of"innocent infringer,
who to contact to request a license to the work DESIGNS Protecting industrial designs helps economic development, by encouraging creativity in the industrial
or exploit the works or creations of others with the authorisation of the author or right holder on fair and reasonable terms
b. Protect your own works or creations and make sure you make best use of your right and get
Novelty implies that the details of how the invention works are secret. If such details have been pub
-licly disseminated or the invention used in public where people could see how it works or if an identical
works to control their subsequent versions What is covered by Copyright Definitions of what is covered can be very broad.
artistic works include any drawing, map, chart or plan. The only absolute requirement is that the work
is new, i e. not copied from somewhere else and has required original intellectual effort by the author
Basically the act of creating the work also creates the copyright, which then subsists in the physical
expression of the work. There is no formal registration process in most countries. However if one goes
Works can therefore be dated, signed, witnessed and marked with the internationally recognised copyright symbol Â
hold copyright in their respective works Obtaining Protection †Copyright protection is automatic and there is no registration system-so
Once a work is created copyright subsists in it. It is important however that the originator be able to show subsequently when the work and the conse
-quential copyright were created. One way of doing this is deposit a copy of the work with a bank or
"Innosupport: Supporting Innovation in SMES "-7. 1. Intellectual Property Protection tools page 154 of 271
a copy of the work to oneself by registered post (which gives a clear date stamp on the envelope
thus establishing that the work existed at this Claiming Protection †It is essential that it is clear that copyright is claimed in a work.
One should mark the work clearly to show who the copyright owner is and the date from which the copyright is
claimed. The internationally recognised symbol  is used normally Transfer of Ownership †Remember a transfer of ownership may cover all or only some of the rights
others to use their works whilst retaining ownership themselves Using Material already covered by Copyright †Your work may be a development of the works of
others. You may need to obtain permission therefore to use copyright material. This is normally done
A performing rights society is a collective that deals with musical works, collecting royalties on behalf of composers, lyricists, songwriters and music publishers for the public perform
Almost any form of unauthorised copying of a work will constitute infringement. The law does however
is allowed automatically to reproduce the work in question or to permit anyone else to do so Related Rights
grew up around copyrighted works. They provide similar, although often more limited rights and of
This new fabric came to life out of the instinct, research and hard work of Mrs. Anna Grindi, founder of
-tection of Literary and Artistic Works The main reasons for protecting IP in export markets are outlined below
for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works or member of the World trade organization (WTO bound by the provisions of the TRIPS Agreement,
or if you have published your work for the first time or at least simultaneously in one of the above countries, your copyright will be protected automatically
-sions for when the employee leaves your business They can be used to ï share intellectual property
known for filing patent applications to achieve recognition of their research work. A small company may also seek patent coverage to impress potential investors
ï http://www. kse. or. kr/webeng/work/ksem/st/wr ksem st mn df. jsp-This site provides an
-ing the learning environment within the workplace is a key element in the facilitation and management
In the new online evolving collaborative learning and work -ing environment creative thinking may emerge
too much white space leaves the eye nothing to go by Hicks and Company (www. hicks. co. uk
arranged information, leaves you with a feeling of trust. Needs to bring more information for
A training needs assessment (analysing the current work situation) usually is the starting point of any demand-oriented training management.
-lems and requirements of the work situation are collected, making goal-oriented training measures possible On the basis of needs assessment, training objectives are to be defined (preferably together.
ï increased application of on-the-job training and project-work ï intensification of internal know-how transfer
acquired knowledge into the work situation, the applicability of training results to the work place
coaching, quality circle, self-study material, trainee-pools and programmes, seminars, work -shops, etc. is offered
Here any problems and their solutions that crop up during the work are entered by the employees.
Furthermore, labour conditions have to be organised in such a way that the employ -ees become motivated
This section builds on the outcomes of another Leonardo project called Learn & Work that specifically
It must always be supported by the analysis of work processes and be oriented to the imple
ï Learn & Work is a Leonardo project that specifically addressed the issue of analysing training
-thorities, where the departments work as SMES. The site also provides some case studies http://www. cicsc. org. uk/tvcbec. htm
This includes a work environment striving to meet the needs of all employees Why and where creating a company culture for continuous innovation is applied
-pany itself work consider the elegant analogy below. An innovative culture is like a jazz band.
ï are motivated both by job satisfaction and by financial reward ï have shared a vision that facilitates decision and action
The implementation of the following points is a basic requirement for successful work in innovation
Innovative yields of the joint work of the innovation teams, such as pilot plants or innovative ap
-work for SMES http://www. insme. org ï http://www. forfas. ie/publications/forfas040624/webopt
â€oe=it doesn†t work There are a lot of similar examples and special efforts are made often to check if the proposed name
Learning in the workplace and in-house is very useful. In practice though, if a course is organised in
the company, employees sometimes arrive late or leave during the course due to work commitments â€oemrs Y, there is a phone call for you †â€.
Also, learning in the work place has increasingly to take into account the cultural diversity of its workforce, reflecting the multicultural social environments businesses are situated in
know to what extend this will influence the way that they work, communicate, socialise Trading internationally:
the idea of cheap, cheaper, cheapest still works but more and more customers are asking how prod
5. 2. 1. How the rating system works 96 5. 2. 2. Example 5. 2. 3. Resources
The project â€oeris-Hamburg†was initiated by the State Ministry of Economic and Labour Affairs in Hamburg and co-financed by the European union (EU). The findings of this survey are
3. 3. 1 Shortage of Skilled Labour...16 3. 3. 2 Financial Problems and State Support...
4. 1. 1 Quantitative Availability of Skilled Labour...19 4. 1. 2 Reducing Bottlenecks in Product Pipeline...
4. 2. 1 Cheaper Costs for (Skilled) Labour...21 4. 2. 2 State-induced Incentives...
-demographic factors, e g. shortage of skilled labour, in many industrialized countries This paper presents the findings of a survey by the authors carried out in the Metropolitan
Economic and Labour Affairs in Hamburg and co-financed by the European union (EU The findings of this survey are matched here against perceived opportunities and
unless specified otherwise †works with the EC definition primarily since this definition has been adopted by most of the member countries of the EU including Germany thereby
member countries SMES usually operate under high overhead costs, such as labour costs and find themselves faced with tough price-oriented competition from low-cost producers
1 Ifm Bonn works with a definition of SMES that differs from the official definition
According to the specifications of the State Ministry of Economic and Labour Affairs â€oebehã rde fã r Wirtschaft und Arbeitâ€) in Hamburg,
3. 2. 1. 2 Availability of Skilled Labour Another major hurdle faced by the survey respondents related to the difficulty in finding
However, experienced skilled labour was generally difficult to find 71%71 %21 %36 %14%7
With work experience Freshers n=33 Figure 6: Lack of Qualified Human resources as Barrier to Innovation
industry is unable to fill vacant positions with skilled labour. Moreover, this problem may be expected to worsen further due to the aging population and the relatively low birth-rate in
desire to reduce costs by getting access to cheaper labour. Supposedly â€oeunfavourable†regulatory conditions at home also did not play any worthwhile role in the decision to go
3. 3. 1 Shortage of Skilled Labour Firms not only in Germany but in many other Western countries are faced with scarcity of
skilled labour owing primarily to two reasons a) Demographic developments (â€oeaging populationâ€)( see Reinberg & Hummel, 2004
In Germany alone firms are facing a severe crunch of skilled labour, despite high rates of
calculations the shortage of skilled (technical) labour, primarily of engineers and scientists is leading to a loss of over 20 billion euros a year in the form of unrealized business
interviews with firm representatives, recruiting skilled technical labour is increasingly becoming a grave problem (DIHK, 2007.
while the official labour mediation agency Bundesagentur fã r Arbeit confirms this trend (Dunkel & KÃ hnlenz, 2007;
labour than large firms, owing to various reasons, e g. attractive brand names or access to
of qualified human resources in science and technology, cheaper labour costs and access to new, fast growing consumer markets with substantial purchasing power and/or
2006), suggest that seeking â€oeaccess to know-how†(e g. in the form of skilled labour
4. 1. 1 Quantitative Availability of Skilled Labour The demographically disadvantageous factor of an aging population in many Western
university graduates (with seven years or less of work experience) India†s talent pool is
Inc. cited troubles in obtaining work visas for its prospective employees as a reason to set
Global innovation activities may ensure that work can be carried out simultaneously from multiple locations and on multiple projects, if needed.
addition to access to skilled labour, may also contribute to reducing costs of innovation 4. 2. 1 Cheaper Costs for (Skilled) Labour
Global activities, particularly in emerging countries, may lead to significant reduction in the costs (EIU, 2004.
The labour costs are however going up, see section 5. 2 4. 2. 2 State-induced Incentives
Even China and India are reportedly experiencing shortage of skilled labour with international knowledge standards;
in many respects, for instance, wages of highly skilled labour in India reportedly grow by 10 to 15%and above per annum on average;
) Wage costs for semiskilled or unskilled labour, however, remain significantly lower than in Western, industrialized nations
several incidences of intercultural nuisances in Indo-German software development work Fabian and Schmidli (2005) report similar problems in Sino-Swiss projects
The parent unit (headquarters) tend to interfere in the innovation work being carried out at the foreign location,
Distributed work, Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, pp. 451-465 TRAI (2007: Telephone subscriber maintains growth:
Others maintained that governments should be prepared to work directly with SMES, offering special financing arrangements including state guarantees and/or tax
members while they carry out their work and goals Innovation is considered as every day issue for members of
that innovation is seen as rising trend in day to day work of organizational members and on individual level the
Creating sustainable work systems. Developing social sustainability. Routledge. UK 17 Kianto, A. 2008. Development and validation of a
behavior in the workplace: The role of performance and image outcome expectations. Academy ofmanagement Journal.
Work Programme 7 Links COSME (EU Programme for the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises 4
WORK PROGRAMME 2014 †2015 7. Innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises Revised This Work Programme was adopted on 10 december 2013.
The parts that relate to 2015 topics, dates, budget) have revised, with this version, been updated. The changes
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While certain Work Programme parts and areas have been identified explicitly as participating in the Pilot on
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SME participation is encouraged throughout this work programme and in particular in the priorities Industrial Leadership and Societal Challenges
SME instrument are described in the respective parts of the work programme. A complete list of topics and indicative budgets are provided below
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as access to the financial facilities supported under Access to Risk Finance of this work
demographic change and wellbeing work programme part 6 The commercialisation plan must demonstrate a credible path to the market also demonstrating the capacities
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General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions Topic identifier Proposals for phase 1 are required not to provide a draft plan for
part H of the General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions Topic identifier The criterion Impact will be evaluated first, then Excellence and
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General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions INNOSUP-1-2015 1. At least 75%of the total proposed budget shall be allocated to SMES
part H of the General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions INNOSUP-1-2015
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suitable coaches and support their work that would address the recognised barriers to growth on the basis of a jointly agreed †coaching planâ€.
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of Enterprise Europe Network) that work in regions with a weakly developed consulting base and no own assessment and consulting tools;
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business associations, for their work with the SMES as well as training material for SMES ï Demonstration of concrete cases, to business development organisations and managers
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ii) for the work with SME and (iii) during the design of new SME innovation support actions
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This action will support the work of the Advisory Group â€oeinnovation in SMES€. The Group
various work programmes and activities. Activities financed will include, but will not be limited to, assessments,
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The work of the expert group will be essential to get a better overview of the investment
to Risk Finance Work Programme), and should help ensure greater access to risk finance by
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Detailed budgets of the common call of the SME instrument is provided in the introduction of this work
programme part and in the budget tables of the individual work programme parts 27 The budget figures given in this table are rounded to two decimal places
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see Part 17 of the work programme 0. 06 of which half from 02.040203 and half
see Part 17 of the work programme 0. 03 of which half from 02.040203 and half
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