| Business to business (10) |  |
| Business to consumer (4) | |
making it easier in particular to undertake business-to-consumer ecommerce. We are making â 39 million available in Energy Saving Supports for business in 2015
eco-innovate-sme-guide. pdf. txt a@Eco-innovation in Romanian SMES-Roxana Voicu s. a..pdf. txt A a Ecommerce Europe's proposal for sustainable
G#2v 6942 Business to business 0#3#business to business Business to business G#2v 6943 Business to consumer 0#3#business to consumer Business to consumer
0#2#e commerce E-commerce 0#2#ecommerce E-commerce G#1v 6944 Electronic signature 0#2#electronic signature Electronic signature
G#1v 7882 Evolutionary computation 0#2#evolutionary computation Evolutionary computation G#1v 7838 File formats G#2v 7839 Docx
0#3#docx Docx G#2v 7840 Epub 0#3#epub Epub G#2v 7841 Html
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some on business to business transactions (e g. in Nantes or Ven -ezuela), some on particular sectors such as care (e g.
some on business to business transactions (e g. in Nantes or Ven -ezuela), some on particular sectors such as care (e g.
Ecommerce Europe†s Proposal for Sustainable Growth of E-commerce in Europe www. ecommerce-europe. eu
POSITION PAPER 3 Table of contents 1 Introduction 4 2 General e-commerce regulation 5 2. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe 5
2. 1. 1 Stimulating trust in e-commerce 5 2. 1. 2 Country of origin vs Country of Destination 5
3. 1 Position of Ecommerce Europe 6 3. 1. 1 Harmonisation 6 3. 1. 2 Information requirements 7
3. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 7 3. 1. 5 Education and knowledge dissemination 7
4. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe 8 4. 1. 1 (Self-)Regulation 8 4. 1. 2 Checks and balances 8
4. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 8 4. 2. 1 Knowledge and Education 8
5. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe 9 5. 1. 1 General 9 5. 1. 2 Personal data and consent 9
5. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 10 5. 2. 1 Knowledge and education 10
6. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe 11 6. 1. 1 Electronic signatures and e-Identification 11
6. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 11 6. 2. 1 Knowledge and education 11
But while e commerce has grown spectacularly over these past two decades, the EU has taken not yet full
Ecommerce Europe welcomes the efforts of the European commission in this area and wishes to contribute to this important effort
In this position paper, Ecommerce Europe sets out its ideas on the steps that need to be taken to create an uniform, effective
Ecommerce Europe Seeks harmonisation and simplification of e-commerce and consumer protection law Seeks a fair balance between consumer and citizens†rights
2. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe The positions of Ecommerce Europe in the area of general
e-commerce regulation are summarised below 2. 1. 1 Stimulating trust in e-commerce •Although Ecommerce Europe acknowledges the
importance of trust between consumers and merchants in the e-commerce sector, the European commission overemphasized the†lack†thereof in its attempt to main
Ecommerce Europe notes that the two most important challenges to cross border e-commerce are the lack of a coherent policy towards
Ecommerce Europe therefore supports the conclusions of the European parliament report on the simplification and modernisation of the EU VAT system. 3
1 Summary of the responses to the Ecommerce directive evaluation 2 http://www. retailresearch. org/onlineretailing. php
•Ecommerce Europe welcomes the initiative of the European commission of an †EU code of online rights†and
Ecommerce Europe supports the conclusions and recommendations of the Copenhagen Economics study into the Pricing Behaviour of postal operators. 4
3. 1 Position of Ecommerce Europe The key positions of Ecommerce Europe in the area of online
contracts and consumer protection are summarised below 3. 1. 1 Harmonisation •Harmonisation of consumer rights is vital for a level
•Ecommerce Europe supports the action of the European Commission to remove all remaining restrictions to
•Ecommerce Europe opposes the notion of a non-binding optional Common European Sales Law.
•Ecommerce Europe seeks full harmonization of European e-commerce legislation. However, Ecommerce Europe opposes the proposal for a Common European Sales
Law. Even though such a proposal could potentially be helpful in achieving the objectives of the internal market
3. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 3. 1. 5 Education and knowledge dissemination •Provide free, accessible and clear information for SMES
4. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe For Ecommerce Europe, ADR is an important part of the trust
framework for e-commerce. The key positions of Ecommerce Europe in the area of ADR and ODR are summarised below
4. 1. 1 (Self-)regulation •While rules and regulations may provide more uniformity and legal certainty, they present the risk that they
Ecommerce Europe supports a multi-stakeholder approach to ADR and ODR. 8 4. 1. 2 Checks and balances
•Ecommerce Europe stresses that ADR/ODR must be a voluntary alternative to court settlement,
4. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 4. 2. 1 Knowledge and Education •Improve knowledge amongst both merchants and
As such, Ecommerce Europe welcomes the revision of the EU data protection framework and the proposal for a general data protection Regulation
For this reason, Ecommerce Europe calls on the EU, national authorities, operators and consumers to further
5. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe For Ecommerce Europe, privacy is an integral part of a
sustainable relationship with the consumer. The key positions of Ecommerce Europe in the area of data protection and
e-Privacy are summarised below 5. 1. 1 General •European rules applicable to the processing of personal
•Ecommerce Europe stresses the need for general principles applicable to all processing of data, but flexibility
•Ecommerce Europe welcomes the instrument of a Regulation for data protection as it will ensure a
•Ecommerce Europe underlines the importance of the †legitimate interests of the data controller†as a ground
Ecommerce Europe feels a more limited definition of personal data is necessary •Ecommerce Europe opposes the strict requirements for
â€oeexplicit consent†proposed in the new Data Protection Regulation, as it places an unnecessary burden on both consumers and merchants.
Ecommerce Europe stresses that the balance between data protection and business interests †as mentioned in Directive 95/46
Ecommerce Europe emphasises the importance of profiling and states that profiling is a fundamental component of trade relations
•Ecommerce Europe emphasizes the need for harmonisation and a level playing field within the EU and
•Ecommerce Europe opposes the financial penalties laid down in the Regulation. The proposed sanctions-which
•Ecommerce Europe warns that a †right to be forgotten†is technically not possible for web merchants.
Ecommerce Europe would like to stress that the ability to withdraw personal information is laid already down in
•Ecommerce Europe questions the usefulness of the †right to data portabilityâ€, which has been introduced in the
Ecommerce Europe thinks that the creation of such a right will discourage companies from implementing innovative services because client
Ecommerce Europe challenges the impact assessment that has been carried out by the Commission •The requirement for â€oeplain language, adapted to the data
5. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 5. 2. 1 Knowledge and education •Both consumers and merchants need to be educated on
Ecommerce Europe recognizes the need for mutual recognition and acceptance of electronic identities given by Member States to their citizens by other Member States and
6. 1 The position of Ecommerce Europe The key positions of Ecommerce Europe in the area of
electronic signatures and e-Identification are summarised below 6. 1. 1 Electronic signatures and e-Identification •For merchants, it is important to verify the identity of the
6. 2 Ecommerce Europe†s additional proposals 6. 2. 1 Knowledge and education •Provide an overview of (trusted) e-Identification
Ecommerce Europe Rue d†Accolay 15 box 6 B-1000 Brussels-Belgium Tel:++32 (0) 2 502 31 34
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Contact us at publicaffairs@ecommerce-europe. eu Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu
WARN-Count in xref table is 0 at offset 690722 Policy guidance Mar 2014 E-commerce, omni-channel
retail, and EU policy OUR MANIFESTO †SHOPPING FOR GROWTH€ Eurocommerce recently launched its manifesto †Shopping for Growthâ€.
www. ecommerce-europe. euin cooperation with Powered by Europe B2c E-commerce reports 2014 Colophon Ecommerce Europe
Rue de Trã ves 59-61 B-1000 Brussels †Belgium Tel:++32 (0) 2 502 31 34
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Contact us at: info@ecommerce-europe. eu For reports: research@ecommerce-europe. eu
Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu In cooperation with Powered by 15+National Associations Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark
Finland Finland France Greece Ireland Italy Nether -lands Norway Poland Spain Switzer -land Table of contents INFOGRAPHIC NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS page 4
ABOUT ECOMMERCE EUROPE page 63 Ecommerce Europe association data at a glance 2014 European Reports
Reports include country profiles, trends & Infographics Reports contain countries â Eastern: Rom, Rus, Ukr, a o
%Â Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Rue de Trã ves 59-61 B-1000 Brussels Belgium Tel:+
+32 (0) 2 502 31 34 Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Free download at https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu/facts-figures/free-downloads
Positioning papers 1. e-Regulations 2. e-Privacy&transparency 3. e-Payments 4. e-Identification & Trust
Services 5. e-logistics Franã§ois Momboisse President of Ecommerce Europe European B2c E-commerce Reports 2014
Preface Wijnand Jongen Chair of the Executive Committee The importance of e-commerce continuous to grow.
Ecommerce Europe strongly believes that it is with economic facts that messages in support of our industry can be heard.
are delighted to present the second edition of the Ecommerce Europe B2c Research Reports. After the initial year, our reports are established now an
In total, Ecommerce Europe annually publishes several reports; five comprehensive regional reports (Western europe, Northern europe, Eastern
Through the Ecommerce Europe B2c Research Reports we want to share our knowledge with our readers around the world.
involved with Ecommerce Europe or one of our national associations so that you can receive the reports for free,
www. ecommerce-europe. eu or send us an email at research@ecommerce -europe. eu Our Report Partners
www. ecommerce-europe. eu A Brief Introduction to Europe An Overview of Europe and the European union
%Ecommerce Europe estimates the share of the European Internet economy in the GDP at 2. 2%,a percentage that
associations, Ecommerce Europe estimates the number of B2c websites to have grown to 645,250 at the end of 2013, growing at a pace of 15 to 20%per year
Ecommerce Europe estimates the annual number of B2c parcels sent to customers domestically and cross-border to
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Global B2c E-commerce In brief More elaborate information on global e-commerce can be found
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Ecommerce Europe Rue de Trã ves 59-61 B-1000 Brussels
Belgium Tel:++32 (0) 2 502 31 34 Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Global Global â 1, 173.5 bn+13.6
%Total B2c e-sales 2013 of goods and services 1 2 3 73.4 %Share of Internet users
accessing the web through a mobile device **Average worldwide Cross-border B2c E-commerce Most popular countries
www. ecommerce-europe. eu B2c E-commerce in Europe 2013 Key B2c E-commerce Data of Goods and Services at a Glance
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Rue de Trã ves 59-61 B-1000 Brussels Belgium Tel:+
+32 (0) 2 502 31 34 Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Powered by In cooperation with Free download at
https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu /facts-figures/free-downloads Internet Penetration Internet penetration The average Internet penetration in Europe
increased to 74%in 2013. As a result, it grew closer to the EU28 average, which now
Ecommerce Europe, 2014 Sales of Popular Technical Consumer goods B2c E-commerce in Europe Consumer Electronics 21.50
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Western europe Western europe Europe â 363.1 bn+16.3 %EU 28 â 317.9 bn+14.7
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Free download at https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu /facts-figures/free-downloads
In cooperation with National e-commerce Associations Belgium France Ireland Netherlands United kingdom The UK is the largest e-commerce market of Europe.
In total, The british e-commerce turnover amounted to â 107. 1bn in 2013. This number is forecast to grow by 11.4
%to â 127. 4bn in 2014 In total, there were about 41 million e-shoppers in the
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Central europe Central europe Europe â 363.1 bn+16.3 %EU 28 â 317.9 bn+14.7
%Total B2c Ecommerce 2013 of goods & services 165 million people live in Central europe 130 million
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Free download at https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu /facts-figures/free-downloads
In cooperation with Switzerland In 2013, Switzerland had 6. 67 million Internet users, which represented a penetration of 83%for a population of eight
million people. Between 2009 and 2013, The swiss B2c e -commerce market almost doubled to reach around
â 10. 2bn. The number of e-shoppers is estimated at 5. 7 million in 2013 and on average they each spent around
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Southern Europe Southern Europe Europe â 363.1 bn+16.3 %EU 28 â 317.9 bn+14.7
%Total B2c Ecommerce 2013 of goods & services 59 %212 million people live in Southern Europe
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Free download at https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu /facts-figures/free-downloads
In cooperation with Italy There were about 37.5 million Italians connected to the Internet in 2013,
which resulted in an Internet penetration of 61%.%This was the second-lowest rate in Southern
Europe, with only Turkey scoring lower. For 2014, a penetration of 64%is forecast When we look at the division between goods and services
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Northern europe Northern europe Europe â 361.1 bn+16.3 %EU 28 â 317.9 bn+14.7
%Total B2c Ecommerce 2013 of goods & services 90 %100 %32 million people live in Northern europe
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Free download at https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu /facts-figures/free-downloads
In cooperation with Denmark The average annual online spending per Danish e-shopper was â 2, 145 in 2013.
The amount spent online per e -household was â 3, 768 in that year. In both categories, the
Danes were among the top countries in Europe In Denmark, 89%of the consumers prefer card payments
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Eastern europe Eastern europe Europe â 363.1 bn+16.3 %EU 28 â 317 bn+14.7
%Total B2c Ecommerce 2013 of goods & services 56 %100 %248 million people live in Eastern europe
 Ecommerce Europe June 2014 www. ecommerce-europe. eu info: info@ecommerce-europe. eu for reports:
research@ecommerce-europe. eu Twitter:@@Ecommerce eu Free download at https://www. ecommerce-europe. eu /facts-figures/free-downloads
In cooperation with General Overview Tables and Forecast of B2c European E-commerce Turnover of Goods & Services
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Overview and Forecast Overview of Online B2c E-commerce Sales Growth Source:
Ecommerce Europe, 2014 OVERVIEW ONLINE B2c E-COMMERCE SALES GROWTH 2010-2014 Based upon online sales growth
of goods and services, 2013 Countries 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 (f Russia 29.7%29.2%32.7%50.5%16.1
%Ukraine 88.1%45.3%47.1%48.0%21.6 %Turkey N/A 57.4%35.9%35.0%12.3 %Romania 30.7%41.2%33.3%30.0%15.4
www. ecommerce-europe. eu Ecommerce Europe and its Reports Information about Ecommerce Europe and its Reports
About the Authors Aad Weening, Advisor International E-commerce Aad Weening (1941) has been involved in distance selling
and retail practically all his working life. From 1966 until 1979 he offered legal and economic advice
Advisor at Ecommerce Europe Bert Nagelvoort, Senior Researcher E-commerce Bert Nagelvoort (1977) has been working for Ecommerce Europe since
2013. He is involved in international e-commerce and develops the Ecommerce Europe reports. He studied Business Administration at
Radboud University Nijmegen and he has a great interest in the international (digital economy and e-commerce
bertnagelvoort@ecommerce-europe. eu Richard van Welie, Editor Richard van Welie (1979) has been working for Ecommerce Europe as an
editor since March 2014. Prior to this, he worked as a freelance translator/copywriter for five of years.
content for the Ecommerce Europe reports After graduating in Communication Sciences in 2004, he studied American
Since 2013 he has been Director of research & Advice at Ecommerce Europe He is also director of the ecommerce Foundation, a research institute offering
practical e-commerce research and benchmark services Peter van den Brink, Trainee Research & Advice Peter van den Brink (1992) has worked for Ecommerce Europe since 2014.
He studies Business Management at the University of Applied sciences in Ede. He is involved in the research of the e-commerce market
Ecommerce Europe reports About Ecommerce Europe
EN 1 Error! Unknown document property name. EN European Competitiveness in Key Enabling Technologies FINAL REPORT
Authors: Birgit Aschhoff, Dirk Crass, Katrin Cremers, Christoph Grimpe Christian Rammer Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), Mannheim, Germany
ecommerce and other content businesses. EI and IDA will continue to pursue opportunities in these areas, building in particular on the evaluation and research
areas such as Cloud computing, egames, financial services, ecommerce and other content businesses B4. Management Development A key part of developing the enterprise base in the South East region is to ensure that the
Within the business to business (B2b) sector, companies are responding to the disaggregated supply chain model, and providing services which had been
the harnessing of a true digital single market (ecommerce), together with an affordable high speed internet infrastructure, are essential components of these
applications (cloud computing, ebusiness) and ICT usage (ecommerce for SMES and consumers, smart energy networks and low energy lighting, ICT R&d, etc
through the interconnection of the system with the global e commerce shipping platform INTTRA, allowing companies to automate the shipping instructions
The interconnection with the global e commerce shipping platform (INTTRA) has enabled AIT to automate the shipping instructions.
http://ecommerce. hostip. info/pages/421/E-Procurement-PROS-CONS. html Fret SNCF, http://fret. sncf. com
Ecommerce Europe welcomes the presentation of the study, but stresses that the findings should be evaluated critically and
Ecommerce Europe stresses that with digital issues, an integrated approach is needed Tweettweet 0 0
Dec 18, 2014 Many of Ecommerce Europe†s priorities taken up by 0likelike Shareshare
ICT Innovation and Sustainability of the Transport Sector William R. Black*and Marina van Geenhuizen
ecommerce) in the globalised market Gathering foreign lan -guage informa -tion like publi -cations and
It creates a business to business environment in a regional context It is a flexible but simple concept.
more business to business, business to research, research to research, research to community and business to community interactions;
4 Field of action III-ecommerce, Research-Development and innovation in ICT...87 4. 1 ecommerce...
87 4. 1. 1 Introduction...87 4. 1. 2 European context...87 Page 4 of 170
SWOT for ICT in ecommerce...130 SWOT for R&d and Innovation in ICT...132 SWOT For Romanian ICT Infrastructure...
ï Field of action 3-ecommerce, Research & development and Innovation in ICT †builds on the
3. ecommerce Research -Development and Innovation in ICT Improve the existing framework for electronic commerce
ecommerce for achieving economic growth and development at the European digital single market I-A vibrant digital
ecommerce Research -Development and Improvement of the regulatory framework for the support of the ecommerce system and the retail
commerce transfer in the electronic media Ministry for Information Society (responsible Ministry of Economy support
ICT in ecommerce %SMES which receive orders online Page 24 of 170 Innovation in ICT
ecommerce Research †Development and Innovation in ICT Field of Action IV Broadband and Digital
%ecommerce 171,489, 313 EUR 4, 3 %Research-Development and Innovation in ICT 10,564, 304 EUR 0, 3
ecommerce X Research-Development and Innovation In ICT X Broadband X x X Page 34 of 170
-ecommerce -Security Enabler produce and require massive amounts of data, often unstructured and increasingly in real-time
4 FIELD OF ACTION III-ECOMMERCE, RESEARCH-DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION IN ICT 4. 1 ECOMMERCE
4. 1. 1 Introduction Preamble The online services play a more and more important role in the everyday life of the European union
Europe use ecommerce service ecommerce Definition ecommerce (Electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet
especially the World wide web. Electronic commerce or ecommerce is currently a catalyst for other technologies, such as: electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, internet marketing, social
media, electronic data interchange. For online retail selling, the term e-tailing is used sometimes 4. 1. 2 European context
Online Internet penetration and purchasing still differ in the various parts of Europe, according to the
European B2c ecommerce is developing extremely well. In 2010 Europe overtook the USA, the biggest
%ecommerce Europe estimates the share of the European Internet economy at 3. 5%,a percentage that is set to double
ecommerce Approach in Romania The Eastern European region, led by Russia, has shown an impressive 32.6%growth,
Ecommerce Europe, 2013: e-sales of goods and services National Indicators pertaining to ecommerce According to the data provided by Digital Agenda Scoreboard 2014 for Romania, only 8%of population aged
between 16-74 years has used the internet in 2012 for the acquisition of goods and services for personal use
Regarding the ecommerce use by the business environment, in 2013 only 9%of SMES and 13%of large
Strategic Lines of Development for ecommerce in Romania Strategic Lines of Development Lines of Action Comments
ecommerce Based on the data supplied by Eurostat, the percentage of population aged between 16-74 years who
SWOT FOR ICT IN ECOMMERCE Strengths Weaknesses The awarding of funds available through the EU 2014
ï Easy resolution of abuses and litigations specific for the ecommerce system by means of special
Business to business networks are restructuring value-chains with potentially very large lock in effects and impacts on small firms.
Source: UK E-commerce Awards (http://www. ecommerce-awards. co. uk/)and the company Web site http://www. westcountryviolins. com
16 Forrester research Inc, The Global ecommerce Adoption Cycle, 15.01.2010 (using 2009 data 17 Eurostat, Data In focus 50/2010:
Nokia phone or the newness of ecommerce in the previous millennium, you immediately realise there
develop the ecommerce capabilities of business and high quality cost effective wireless or other broadband solutions for rural areas
â€oe for ecommerce, it is very important that a truly European Online Payment System would
open data and secured online access, the harnessing of a true digital single market (ecommerce
ebusiness) and ICT usage (ecommerce for SMES and consumers, smart energy networks and low energy lighting, ICT R&d, etc..
access, high use of ecommerce, high percentage of digital natives; use of mobile devices Public Government
in ecommerce platforms •Complex ICT-related regulatory framework Citizens •Low confidence level in the digital setting
68.2%of the sales by e-commerce were to companies (Business to business, B2b. The percentage of sales to final consumers (Business to consumer, B2c) was 29.9%.
%Lastly sales to the Public Administrations (Business to Government, B2g) represented 2. 0 %Purchases via e-commerce by companies with 10 or more employees
This covered the adoption of ICT and ecommerce in all sectors of the economy 2 Benchmarking national and regional ebusiness policies for SMES Final Benchmarking report 12 june 2002
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