software  firms  are  geekier  and  more  likely  to
 laptops  going  about  their  business  Go  back  a
the innovating firm is at the core of national innovation systems, a better understanding of
no single deï nition of NSI, most scholars share the core view that a country's NSI pursues some given goals,
corporate OI and its effect on NSI effectiveness therefore lie at the core of our analysis
Actually, this argument is consistent with the NSI core concept whereby multifarious efforts foster different kinds of
A typical example of using social resources to innovate is the popular phenomenon of open source software 71
An illustrative case of online social networks is the trend towards open source software 71. An oft-given example is the Linux
Foundation. Open source involves collaboration between ï rms, suppliers, customers, and policy-makers of related products to
pool software R&d and generate shared technology. Instead of the traditional extrinsic motivations, external innovators have
strong intrinsic motivations such as reputation, fame, intellectual challenge, fun, and interest 72. More recently, various online
Social online networks, such as open source software communities, offer valuable beneï ts for society by encouraging community members to share their knowledge
Printer, London, 1997 7 J. P. J. d. Jong, T. Kalvet, W. Vanhaverbeke, Exploring a theoretical framework to structure the public policy implications, Technol.
and specialisation in open source software innovation: a case study, Res. Policy 32 (7)( 2003 1217†1241
a multilevel model for Open source innovation, Long Range Plann. 37 (6)( 2004) 591†610 71 E. von Hippel, G. von Krogh, Open source software and the †private-collective†innovation model:
issues for organisation science, Org. Sci. 14 (2)( 2003 209†223 72 K. J. Boudreau, K. R. Lakhani, How to manage outside innovation,
CIO Executive, IBM Tom Velema EMEIA IT Advisory Leader, EY Michael Golz CIO Americas, SAP
To do so, Born to be digital explores three core areas •How CIOS with the widest remit and greatest
of their core tenets and mindset •What career choices CIOS should make to help them
core strategic issues hold a seat at the executive management table, compared with just 17%of CIOS in all
Most revealingly, a core subset of this group of IT-intensive IT leaders †those who are engaged most strategically
highly engaged in core strategic issues †delivering transformation and driving business model innovation †and they show a set of six unique traits (see text box
six core traits Our research shows that the elite CIOS leading digital transformation in their businesses differ in their
Across a range of industries and geographies, a core set of digital technologies †including mobile, social,
Its new Kindle tablet, for example, has dedicated a button that connects users to a helpline
A core set of digital technologies †mobile, social, the cloud and data, among others †are transforming companies at
There are three core changes here: 3 1. Using digital to enhance traditional business models, such as moving from selling products to providing services †Streetcar
Google glass, †he says But Herz says the firm was originally set up like a standard IT organization
to be an active participant in core strategic decisions. He is charged now with providing a clear vision of where
software company and, if we can do that, then we will be a much more exciting proposition for talented
This is especially apparent in a core set of sectors †including technology companies, banks and life sciences firms †that already
companies is that IT is a core boardroom topic, which receives strong engagement from senior executives across the business
software, hardware IT services and e-commerce Telecommunications Banking Media and entertainment Other Pharmaceutical and biotechnology
American CIO Executive, IBM As might be expected of a leading technology brand, IBM is engaged deeply with digital.
The company is transforming itself across the business †including HR sales and all other functions †around a set of global tools
Calegari of IBM South america: â€oewe are in the middle of this shift, but the next phase of our local transformation
broader palette of skills to draw upon, beyond any core IT competencies, is reflected also in the choices that many IT-intensive
is true internally, where they have weaker links with core figures such as the CEO or CFO,
We find these attributes to be closest to the core set of skills and capabilities needed to drive the digital transformation
to deliver on core business changes, such as the digital transformation now underway 20 Born to be digital
Leader at EY, notes that one of the core capabilities needed for digital-ready CIOS is an intimate knowledge of the firm†s business
At the global software company SAP, for example, Americas CIO Michael Golz is clear on how digital has transformed the inner
at IBM, who explains that true storytelling requires a deep grasp of the core of the business and how it works,
in order to explain how it can change in future SAP Americas CIO Michael Golz cites examples of CIOS he meets in
Executive, IBM External Internal 26 Born to be digital Swanepoel has engaged sometimes external management consultants to help bring a fresh perspective on what the core of
the narrative ought to be: â€oeif you are working in IT all day, you†ve got to concentrate on lifting the conversation to a level at which the
â€oe Like an ipad that even two-year olds can use by pure intuition the success of digital
deeper reveals a much stronger core satisfaction with their positions and prospects. Across all elements of their jobs, they
how much this is a core part of their job: 60%find this strongly satisfying, compared with 45%of IT-intensive industry CIOS
IBM, did a bachelor†s degree in mathematics, before later adding an MBA to her qualifications.
engineering and in software, along with an MBA. In the telecommunications sector, one in five of these leading
Mark Sunday, the CIO at US computer company Oracle, is also the Vice-chairman of the Utah Technology Council
Group Software Services Nedbank 2007 Advanced Management Programme, Harvard Business school 2005 †2007 Divisional Director
Director of Software Development Department Rambler Internet Holding 2000 †2006 Developer, Senior Developer, Head of
IBM 2013 †today Spanish South America CIO Executive, IBM 2010 †2012 Latin america HR
Transformation IT Leader, IBM 2006 †2010 Spanish South America Integrated Supply Chain Leader IBM
2002 †2006 Global Logistics Americas IT Leader IBM 1999 †2002 Various leadership positions in Global
Logistics IT, IBM Latin America 1994 †1999 Various positions in Global Logistics IT IBM Argentina
1990 †1994 Bachelor in IT Universidad del Salvador Bruno Mà nard Sanofi 2011 †today
Group CIO, Sanofi 2004 †2011 Vice president Information Solutions, Sanofi -Aventis 2001 †2004 Vice president
Information Systems, Sanofi -Synthelabo 1998 †2001 Director of Resources, Sanofi Winthrop 1995 †1998
do the same for a company†s core financial systems, such as their general ledgers. Getting the timing right will be vital
technology (including hardware, software and other IT services), financial services, life sciences telecommunications, online and e-commerce In addition to this survey, EY conducted an analysis of the
%Software, hardware and computer services Banking and ï nancial services 19 %8 %Chemical, bio-and medical technology
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Rapport voor Bel en Vlaanderen 6. Wickham, Philip A. 2006. Strategic Entrepreneurship, Pearson, Fourth Edition
processors such as Glanbia and Slaney Meats, who work directly with farmers in improving productivity Companies operating in the sector need to move to higher value activities,
applications and software; green financial services; green tourism; green agri-food and green transport Green enterprise has a pervasive impact on a variety of other sectors enabling innovation
-sectors†include green ICT applications and software; green financial services; green tourism and green transport The increase in the number of international agreements in the area of energy and climate
waste management, recovery and recycling, green ICT applications and software and environmental consultancy. Cross sectoral opportunity areas include;
activities where they have strengths and to outsource non-core activities (such as late stage manufacturing, clinical trials processes etc.
and competency in software development has seen also a growth in a variety of sub-supply and services activities serving the Lifesciences sector e g
Dataworks (Waterford based Irish software company providing manufacturing control systems), and Eirgen (Waterford based Irish pharmaceuticals company specialising in
An Enterprise Outlook 34 Regional Planning Guidelines for the South East Region SOUTH EAST EMPLOYMENT ACTION PLAN †FORFà S
finance, insurance, computer-related activities, R&d, advertising, marketing, accounting and consultancy. In addition, there is an increasing level of services activity taking place within
35 ICT Software & Services are considered separately below SOUTH EAST EMPLOYMENT ACTION PLAN †FORFà S
reflecting a core competency within the region that provides a basis for further growth and
ICT †Services & Software What has been termed †The New Software Economy†36 sees a number of trends that provide
both opportunities and challenges for software companies, and for small and medium sized companies and start-ups in particular
 Increasing end-user demand for less expensive, more efficient ways of paying for software  Vendors responding to these demands by embracing new delivery and pricing models
such as software as a service (Saas), infrastructure as a service (Iaas), platform as a service (Paas; and software on demand  The emergence of the networked value chain, a distributed business model where
different value adding activities are carried out where they can be done most efficiently and cost-effectively
36 Enterprise Ireland (2009) Best Connected-Software from Ireland-A strategy for development of the
indigenous software industry 2009-2013 42  The application of software technologies (such as Services Oriented Architecture †SOA
Open source, Web 2. 0 and Mash-ups) are continuing to drive the development of new
applications and business models The emergence of †Cloud computing†is a key enabler †whereby computing resources and
and revenue models e g. online subscriptions rather than CD ROM. The pay-as-you-go, subscription pricing of Cloud computing can enable companies (with perhaps
simulation (training), virtual reality (architecture and design; it provides opportunities for new converged products and customised digital content (e g. micro apps, digital gaming);
The dominant activity in the South East region within the ICT sector is software development
However, with the exception of the Sun Life Financial software development centre based in Waterford, activity is limited and small in scale.
programmes in software development. In IT Carlow, undergraduate courses are focused on software development, games development and IT systems management.
Its applications software and networks research programme (Gamecore) is focused on industry relevant research under a number of themes, such as networks, games engines and development, and
serious games for strategy, sports and health WIT also delivers strong undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in software
development. Based on its excellent track record in telecommunications software and systems research, through the TSSG Group, it is the first of the Iots in Ireland to lead an SFI
funded Strategic Research Cluster (FAME †Federated Autonomic Management of End-to-end Communications Services. The TSSG€ s main area of research is communications software
services and it has developed strong expertise in the areas of distributed systems and service oriented architecture
activities associated with the †new software economy†and include: Nubiq †mobile website generation and personalisation;
software development and are developing strong relationships with industry within the region in terms of undergraduate and postgraduate course development.
publishing and printing, encompasses firms that trade domestically as well as those trading internationally and employs circa 26,000 people37
The broad sector displays strong growth prospects; driven by changing consumer behaviour/preferences in the sector, the increasing power of mobility & devices, and the
programme (3, 000), Programming & broadcasting (4, 300), Advertising & market research (6, 100), Printing &
38 Global Entertainment and Media Outlook 2011-2015, PWC, 2011. Data includes consumer spending on
console (incl. handheld), PC games, online games and wireless/mobile games and video games advertising. It excludes spending on hardware used for playing games
39 †Core†games companies refers to companies directly involved in the production of games
Iot Carlow Certificate in Computer systems Level 6 60 1 Iot Carlow Certificate in Mechanical engineering Level 6 60 1
FAS has facilities to train apprentices for fourteen trades, from general engineering, core employment, welding, fabrication, hairdressing to information and communications
market outlook for sectors such as construction and traditional manufacturing. A greater focus may be required in the provision of career guidance services and mapping out career
services activities with companies such as Facebook, IBM, Dell, Google, HP, Cook and others 3 In-House Call centres
HP manufacturing and software development) †and/or are using Ireland as a base to address
exploiting core competences What is evident now is that firms are outsourcing a broader range of progressively more
and this is likely to increase with the advent of Cloud, Saas (software as a service) and Iaas (infrastructure as a service
Software systems Group and Separation Science would be regarded particularly well. While much of WIT€ s enterprise interactions involve companies from outside the South East region
WIT has total staff of 906, with a core staff of 766,60 Exchequer funded research staff and 80 other specialist staff
The Telecommunications Software systems Group TSSG) in WIT has been identified as a world class research facility, with the capability to
Telecommunications Software systems Group (TSSG Based at the WIT, the centre for Telecommunications Software and Systems Group (TSSG) is a
major source of research strength for the region and nationally. Its research focus is on the
dramatic changes occurring in the telecommunications software industry, and on the wider converged communications industry, particularly in managing networks and in developing
Dublin), IBM (Dublin), Telefonica I+D (Spain) and Hewlett packard (US) are involved also. In a recent international peer review
entrepreneurs and software HPSUS who wish to locate in the South East. Today there are over
applications software and networks (Gamecore), geo-environmental technologies (Geocore and software development (the IT has collaborated with Unum in relation to the development
of a software development centre at the institute and Unum will offer internships in Ireland
and the US for students pursuing the four year BSC (Hons) in Software Development at IT
Carlow EI has provided â 1. 42 million for the establishment of a campus incubation centre in Carlow
Computer literacy, language skills, ability to work in a team and leadership skills are all relevant
Mycroft Waterford Financial services/Software. Newly established Irish base Foreign Citi Hedge fund Services Waterford Hedge fund administration services Foreign
Sunlife Information Services Waterford Software development, business administration and technical helpdesk services for Sun Life†s North american divisions Foreign
Technologies and Software. Other regions have potential to develop niche sectors, such as Creative Industries in the West.
software) base and a growing creative sector and activities (including digital media This'combination'of sectors provides an excellent base for development within the
developing expertise in telecommunications and software development, and has a good base of medical devices companies
Pharmaceuticals, ICT (hardware and services) and Food (including functional foods), and 38 http://www. forfas. ie/publication/search. jsp?
Environmental products and Services, Software and other Services, Food and Tourism Key Data and Statistics †Midwest
ï§Develop the urban core of Limerick city in a structured and cohesive way, recognising its
Dublin City is the core of the region with a population of 505,739 administrative area of the City council
the financial services, ICT hardware and the food and drinks ï§Educational attainment to third level is higher than all other regions.
allow 15 finalists to pitch their business plans to the judging panel. Throughout the year, they
%ICTÂ Hardware 9 %ICTÂ Services 20%Financialâ Services 7 %Otherâ Services 5 %Otherâ Manufacturing 31
Monitor †Report for Ireland 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 State Border Midland West Dublin Mideast Midwest Southeast South
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†Services & Software 16ï 18ï Realising Future Potential: Enhancing the Business Environment 21ï and Strategic Capacity 21ï
so that companies tend to outsource non-core activities or to offshore them to locations where it makes business sense.
higher proportion of services exports, balanced with a core of high-value added 3 Forfã¡s (2008) Sharing our Future, IBM (2008) Drivers of Change, Enterprise Strategy Group (2004
Ahead of the Curve FORFà S REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AGENDA: REALISING POTENTIAL: SOUTHEAST 4 manufacturing activities †although this is more immediately apparent in the city of Dublin
their core. The RCAS acknowledge the importance of gateways and their role as drivers of
In the context of this sectoral convergence, core skills become transferrable across sectors for example, biology, chemistry, engineering, electronics, logistics and software;
and cross sectoral strategic collaborations and networking (regionally, nationally & internationally amongst firms and between firms and knowledge providers (HEIS, research institutes etc
software development provide a strong platform for future growth in emerging convergent sectors 9`A workshop for key economic stakeholders was held in Kilkenny on 9th june 2009
finance, insurance, computer-related activities, R&d, advertising, marketing, accounting and consultancy. In addition, there is an increasing level of services activity taking place within
16 ICT Software & Services are considered separately below 17 Forfã¡s (2008) Catching the Wave †A Services Strategy for Ireland
reflecting a core competency within the region that provides a basis for further growth and
ICT †Services & Software A new environment has emerged for software companies globally in what has been called
†The New Software Economy†19. This new context sees a number of trends that provide both
opportunities and challenges for software companies, and for small and medium sized companies and start-ups in particular.
These trends include 18 Expert Group on Future Skills Needs (December 2007) The Future Skills and Research Needs of the
19 Enterprise Ireland (2009) Best Connected-Software from Ireland-A strategy for development of the
indigenous software industry 2009-2013 FORFÃ S REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AGENDA: REALISING POTENTIAL: SOUTHEAST 17 ï¿
software ï¿Vendors responding to these demands by embracing new delivery and pricing models such as software as a service (Saas), infrastructure as a service (Iaas), platform as a
and software on demand ï¿The emergence of the networked value chain, a distributed business model where
The application of software technologies (such as Services Oriented Architecture †SOA Open source, Web 2. 0 and Mash-ups) are continuing to drive the development of new
applications and business models These trends are reflected through the phenomenon of †cloud computing††a now widely used
simulation (training), virtual reality (architecture and design; it provides opportunities for new converged products and customised digital content (e g. ipod, blackberry);
The dominant activity in the region within the ICT sector is software development. However with the exception of the Sun Life Financial software development centre based in Waterford
activity is limited and small in scale. Nonetheless the region has important assets that have the
programmes in software development. In IT Carlow undergraduate courses are focused on software development, games development and IT systems
management. Its applications software and networks research programme (Gamecore) is one of four Centres of Research and Enterprise (CORE
within the Institute. Gamecore is focused on industry relevant research under a number of themes, such as networks, games engines and
development, and serious games for strategy sports & health Unum and IT Carlow The software development capabilities
at IT Carlow were a key attractor in the recent investment by Unum, a US
established a software development centre in Carlow. The company is developing a strong relationship with
Software Development unit at the Institute, and will also offer internships within its company in
pursuing the BSC (Hons) in Software Development at the Institute FORFÃ S REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AGENDA:
WIT also delivers strong undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in software development. Based on its excellent track record in telecommunications software and
systems research, through the TSSG Group, it is the first of the Iots in Ireland to lead an SFI
The TSSG€ s main area of research is communications software services and it has developed strong expertise in the areas of distributed systems and service
Cisco systems, Ericsson, IBM Telefonica and HP). The TSSG€ s commercial division has created also new companies which
companies typify the kind of activities associated with the †new software economy†and include: Nubiq †mobile website generation and personalisation;
software development and are developing strong relationships with industry within the region in terms of undergraduate and postgraduate course development.
activities where they have strengths and to outsource non-core activities (such as late stage manufacturing, clinical trials processes etc.
and competency in software development has seen also a growth in a variety of sub-supply and services activities serving the life sciences sector e g
Dataworks (Waterford based Irish software company providing manufacturing control systems), and Eirgen (Waterford based Irish pharmaceuticals company specialising in
s (2009) Health Life sciences in Ireland-An Enterprise Outlook FORFÃ S REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AGENDA: REALISING POTENTIAL:
Serviced office/business locations, that enable companies to access core support services such as reception, secretariat, accounting, HR, facilities management etc
Enterprise Ireland†s core objective is to drive export growth by creating and growing internationally competitive businesses and facilitating entrepreneurship throughout the
%Computer Electronic and Optical Products 1%Machinery and Equipment 9 %Transport Equipment 1 %Other Manufacturing
Unum Software 200 Coca cola Beverages 100 FORFÃ S REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AGENDA: REALISING POTENTIAL: SOUTHEAST 39
%Computer, Electronic and Optical Products 9 %Machinery and Equipment 5%Transport Equipment 5 %Medical and Dental
networked through a dialup modem to a mainframe computer located in another building. The 1200-baud modem was slow by 2014†s gigabit broadband standards.
just words on an amber screen. But it was interactive. The author typed commands that traveled
or networked personal computer (PC)( Kline, 1980). These would enable much more, including graphics, sound effects, and multimedia user-generated content (UGC).
wrote software for journalism and communication education. These pioneers were developing a wide range of creative digital learning tools such computer algorithms for analyzing student
writing and providing instantaneous user feedback in online media simulations. Wayne Danielson of the University of Texas applied artificial intelligence (AI) to create an early tool for generating
computer-written haikus. Others such as William Oates of the University of Florida designed and taught online courses and hybrid offerings of online and face-to-face courses.
3d printing, augmented reality and an early government big data initiative to build a digital 117 surveillance system today called PRISM.
particular e-groups software tool they used for online collaboration In this context, course management tools such as Blackboard and ecollege, at least as
and mobile, wearable technology such as Google glass and cloud computing can overcome the constraints of place, time and content in education.
wearable devices such as Google glass, enables the use of geo-location to foster deeply engaged learning. School has long been bounded by space and time and the physical qualities of student
Among youth, the level of smartphone and mobile device is even higher (80 percent among the 18-34 segment, a primary college target group.
â€oecharacter marker†that would overlay information onto wearable displays (Johnson, 2012. AR involves the use of wearable or hand-held technologies to access additional information
Software such as Daqri 3d allows the reader of a magazine to point her or his mobile device at an AR enhanced image in the magazine and access the embedded AR
content. The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois in Campaign-Urbana has developed a special AR-enhanced issue of its periodical, Access (NCSA
Forge to improve computational protein structure modeling. †Students can use mobile devices to access the interactive 3d graphic and explore the protein structure in ways previously inaccessible
legitimate peripheral participation (LPP)( Wikipedia, 2014a; Wikipedia, 2014b. In LPP, students engage actively in the real work of a discipline under the mentorship of a faculty member with
wider use of mobile devices. Clickers, for instance, enable students to answer questions posed by the instructor during live class.
Mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets can be used easily as well as clicker apps and other tools for active
learning are widely available at low or no cost (Socrative, 2014. This is a strategy to take
Merging 3d printing with AR experiences could transform learning. Students studying archeology might not only see a 3d animated version of New york City†s 19th century
activities that computers cannot, at least at this time. Reporters need to focus more on rigorous enterprise and investigative reporting.
and tested a videogame system to teach laparoscopic surgeons the skills they need to perform this delicate procedure.
video game that contained embedded in it physical and mental activities that helped surgeons perfect their laparoscopic techniques.
Based on this early experience, Rosser expanded his videogame protocol to other Science Technology, Engineering and Mathematics,
) Surgeons may err less by playing videogames. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://www. nbcnews. com/id/4685909/ns/technology and science-games/t
) Nonverbal communication and computer mediated communication to enhance online learning. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://sloanconsortium
org/conferences/2011/aln/nonverbal-communication-and-computer-mediated -communication-enhance-online-lear Helfand, D. J. 2013.
Computers, pp. 79-86), San francisco, CA 124 Jacobs, A j. 2013. Two cheers for Web U. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://www. nytimes
Scientific habits of mind in virtual worlds. Journal of Science and Educational technology. Retrieved on 18 april 2013 from http://website. education
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