data! on! the! level! of! takecup! of! ecprocurement! on! total! regional! procurement! to! promote â€oehealthy!
data! on! the! organizational! well! being! achievable! through! the! implementation! of telework ''Determinants (and (barriers (in (the (inner (context('The'inner'context'is'much'more'important'than'the'external'one'in'the'case'of'telework.'
data'on'the'level'of'takequp'of'eqprocurement'on'total'regional'procurement'for'promoting'â€oehealthy'competitionâ€.'
'and'publish'data'on'the'organizational! wellcbeing'achievable'through'the'implementation'of'telework.''5. Enhance'the'quality'and'the'quantity'of!
oconsolidation of imperfect data ospatio-temporal analysis omodelling/simulation of material degradation o joint reconstruction within and across collections
•The extent of newspaper digitisation in European Libraries •Refinement •Quality Assessment •Metadata
on the digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material and digital preservation EN 1 EN
on the digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material and digital preservation THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European union, and in particular
The digitisation and preservation of Europe†s cultural memory which includes print (books, journals, newspapers
2) The EU's strategy for digitisation and preservation builds on the work done over the
digitisation 3) On 28 august 2006, the Commission issued a Recommendation to the Member States with a view to optimising, by means of the internet, the economic and cultural
4) Moreover the context for digitisation efforts and for collaboration at European level has changed considerably over the last few years.
now to reap the benefits of digitisation and digital preservation. If Member States do not step up their investments in this area,
digitisation of their assets will help Europe†s cultural institutions to continue carrying out their mission of giving access to and preserving our heritage in the digital
8) Digitisation is an important means for ensuring greater access to and use of cultural
digitisation. It would also lead to a more secure climate for companies investing in digitisation technologies.
Overviews of current and planned digitisation activities and quantitative targets for digitisation would contribute to achieving those objectives
9) The cost of digitising the whole of Europe†s cultural heritage is high and cannot be
covered by public funding alone. Private sector sponsoring of digitisation or partnerships between the public and private sectors can involve private entities in
digitisation efforts and should be encouraged further. In order to be balanced fair and these partnerships should comply with a number of key principles.
In particular it is necessary to set time-limits for the preferential use of the digitised material.
and are being used to co-fund digitisation activities as part of projects having an impact on the regional economy.
Mass digitisation processes can gain in efficiency due to scale. Therefore, the efficient use of digitisation capacity and, where possible
the sharing of digitisation equipment between cultural institutions and countries should be encouraged 11) Only part of the material held by libraries,
archives and museums is in the public domain, in the sense that it is not
-scale digitisation of out-of-commerce works, legislative backing for licensing solutions voluntarily developed by stakeholders may be needed in the Member States
further dialogues to facilitate agreements for the digitisation of as much of the out-of -commerce material as possible.
Rights information databases connected at European level can bring down transaction costs for rights clearance. Such mechanisms should
Digitisation: organisation and funding 1. further develop their planning and monitoring of the digitisation of books, journals
newspapers, photographs, museum objects, archival documents, sound and audiovisual material, monuments and archaeological sites (hereinafter †cultural
a) setting clear quantitative targets for the digitisation of cultural material, in line with the overall targets mentioned under point 7, indicating the expected
create new ways of funding digitisation of cultural material and to stimulate innovative uses of the material,
digitisation are balanced fair and, and in line with the conditions indicated in the Annex 1 OJ L 323,9. 12.2005, p. 57
3. make use of the EU€ s Structural Funds, where possible, to co-finance digitisation
4. consider ways to optimise the use of digitisation capacity and achieve economies of scale, which may imply the pooling of digitisation efforts by cultural institutions and
cross-border collaboration, building on competence centres for digitisation in Europe Digitisation and online accessibility of public domain material
5. improve access to and use of digitised cultural material that is in the public domain by
a) ensuring that material in the public domain remains in the public domain after digitisation b) promoting the widest possible access to digitised public domain material as
well as the widest possible reuse of the material for noncommercial and commercial purposes c) taking measures to limit the use of intrusive watermarks or other visual
Digitisation and online accessibility of in-copyright material 6. improve conditions for the digitisation and online accessibility of in-copyright
material by a) rapid and correct transposition and implementation of the provisions of the Directive on orphan works, once it is adopted, with consultation of interested
identified and agreed by stakeholders for the large scale digitisation and cross -border accessibility of works that are out-of-commerce
and promoting the availability of databases with rights information, connected at the European level, such as ARROW
b) making all public funding for future digitisation projects conditional on the accessibility of the digitised material through Europeana
e) ensuring the use of common digitisation standards defined by Europeana in collaboration with the cultural institutions in order to achieve interoperability
Public-private partnerships for digitisation In order to make rapid progress on the digitisation of our cultural heritage, public funding for
digitisation needs to be complemented by private investment. Therefore, the Commission encourages public-private partnerships for the digitisation of cultural material
It calls on the Member States to stimulate such partnerships, which should comply with the
following key principles 1) Respect for intellectual property rights Public-private partnerships for the digitisation of collections in cultural institutions should
fully respect the European union and international legislation on intellectual property rights 2) Non-exclusivity The agreements for digitising public domain material should be non-exclusive in the sense
Agreements for the digitisation of collections held by cultural institutions should be awarded after an open competition between potential private partners
digitisation of cultural collections should be made public 5) Accessibility through Europeana The conclusion of a public-private partnership should be conditional on the accessibility of
†The envisaged digitisation quality, and the quality of the files that will be given to the cultural institutions.
†The time-scale of the digitisation project EN 10 EN ANNEX II Indicative targets for minimum content contribution to Europeana per Member State
Digitisation: organisation and funding Digital preservation Follow-up to this Recommendation For the Commission
Southeast Regional Authority Regional Planning Guidelines for the Southeast Region 2010-2022 Acknowledgements Cover photo courtesy of Conan Power
Data also reveals that value of goods and services added per worker is significantly below the national average.
clustering of businesses and firms, including those involved in interrelated activities and in high growth
) Nine indicative locations in the Southeast Region have been identified with potential for clustering by the Marine Institute in its report †Development Strategy for Marine and Leisure Infrastructure†and the relevant
Water conservation will be managed in stages with the collection of data and the modelling of networks in Stage 1,
The need for clustering of potential customers of information technology infrastructure to provide a basis on
involve identifying projects involving collection of baseline data and raising awareness that can inform Climate
of such data, local authorities should identify these areas using other data from the OPW and existing studies
on data that are capable of being collected without undue difficulty and of providing overall guidance to the various
and evaluate the effectiveness of the guidelines, conduct data gathering and report regularly on review issues aimed at preparing the way for a full review of the guidelines by 2016
data to facilitate a knowledge infrastructure where European citizens can help transform public services 3. Invest in future infrastructure and
digitization of personal information combined with international movement of people creates real risks of cybersecurity.
•Open up government owned data, following the example of data. gov6 and require data to be published
in web-enabled formats, to allow new combinations and empower citizens to co-create new services.
platforms should be supported for data-generators to enable open access 6 Data. gov has the aim to increase public access to high value,
machine readable datasets generated by the Executive branch of the US Federal government. It encourages users to propose new data sets that should be added.
See also the UK Power of Information Taskforce, http://powerofi nformation. wordpress. com /Why reform public
P. 1. 4. SME Digitisation In order to increase the use of information and communication technologies by small and medium
along with digitisation drivers, such as e-commerce and e-invoicing P. 1. 5. Digital Skills amongst Citizens
ï§To promote the opening up of data Objectives Main stakeholders Catalan public authorities, technology centres
This system provides information and qualified, consistent data to enable the review, if necessary, of RIS3CAT programmes, initiatives, instruments
information and data. Continuous evaluation mechanisms, along with evaluation of real results and impact, provide basic information for monitoring the implementation of the
P. 1. 4. SME Digitisation In order to increase the use of information and communication technologies by small and medium
along with digitisation drivers, such as e-commerce and e-invoicing P. 1. 5. Digital Skills amongst Citizens
ï§To promote the opening up of data Objectives Main stakeholders Catalan public authorities, technology centres
This system provides information and qualified, consistent data to enable the review, if necessary, of RIS3CAT programmes, initiatives, instruments
information and data. Continuous evaluation mechanisms, along with evaluation of real results and impact, provide basic information for monitoring the implementation of the
research (publications and data This will boost innovation and further in -crease the use of scientific results by all
or a group of countries. 18 The advantage of this method is that such data are available in a
specialisation of regional economies on the basis of employment (or value-added) data Location quotients measure whether some sectors are represented over in a regional
important to match these specialisation data with performance indicators (value added exports, etc. which is one of the main tasks performed by the European Cluster
analysis using data on job changes between industries, showing proximity between industries in terms of skill sets
achievement value could be the monitoring system, official data bases, ad hoc surveys, peer reviews, and more rarely, regional or national statistics.
data and in depth analysis. Cluster mapping and benchmarking activities are powerful tools for 68 starting the assessment of regional specialisation patterns and comparing statistical findings
statistical data at the same level of granularity are not always available across the EU and
therefore, additional efforts should be made by some regions to complement existing data sets by more detailed quantitative and qualitative information
if necessary, more detailed statistical data and perform qualitative-based surveys to better understand the dynamics of regional clusters to be used for implementing smart
computing resources, software and data repositories) for research and education; and any other entity of a unique nature essential to achieving or enabling excellence in research.
Data from the 2010 Digital Competitiveness report77 reveals that while representing 5%of GDP, ICT drives 20%of overall productivity growth and
movies, digitisation and access to Europe's cultural heritage79. The deployment of a culture of
open data and secured online access, the harnessing of a true digital single market (ecommerce
The DAE scoreboard provides data and an annual assessment of the performance at EU and
For this, solid economic data is necessary. The Commission is in the process of setting up an EU
data on the demand and supply of KETS, which will help regions (and Member States) to
total EU GDP and some 3. 8%of its workforce,'Building a Digital economy: The importance of saving jobs in the
particular by digitisation and globalisation, offering great opportunities for the sectors but making it necessary for them to develop new skills,
if possible, statistical data and perform qualitative-based surveys to better understand the dynamics of CCIS to be used for implementing smart specialisation
for example to promote the digitisation of cultural heritage), strengthening of entrepreneurship in CCIS, the support to urban regeneration in which the cultural
makers167 and will set up further information initiatives (databases, conferences) and a high-level expert group on social experimentation
informed the strategy (e g. cluster analysis, value chain analysis, peer review, foresight 2. 4 Does the document propose a vision for the region?
and clustering to achieve benefits of scale will increase regional research competitiveness. This should serve to increase regional
B Data Analytics, Management, Security & Privacy I Sustainable Food Production & Processing C Digital Platforms, Content & Applications J Marine Renewable Energy
•Data repositories serviced by experts to capture and enable the exploitation of publicly available data from research and administrative sources to benefit future research;
and •Ongoing investment in the ICT/â€oee-infrastructure†that underpins all research endeavours in the country
of the wider research and innovation agenda, including issues such as open data shared infrastructures, and the development of ecosystems within the public sector
big data, mobile commerce, cost of energy, technology pace and globalisation/localisation Companies must continually innovate
and clustering to achieve benefits of scale will increase regional research competitiveness. This should serve to increase regional
B Data Analytics, Management, Security & Privacy I Sustainable Food Production & Processing C Digital Platforms, Content & Applications J Marine Renewable Energy
•Data repositories serviced by experts to capture and enable the exploitation of publicly available data from research and administrative sources to benefit future research;
and •Ongoing investment in the ICT/â€oee-infrastructure†that underpins all research endeavours in the country
of the wider research and innovation agenda, including issues such as open data shared infrastructures, and the development of ecosystems within the public sector
big data, mobile commerce, cost of energy, technology pace and globalisation/localisation Companies must continually innovate
intelligence, WEB technologies (web mining), robotics, integrated systems, producing systems and planning production systems, calculation systems, voice recognition, imagesâ€
medical data, telemedicine, nano-electronics, opto-electronics, industrial software, Big data GPS, ERP data systems, cloud computing, intelligent wireless networks, cybernetic security
UEFISCDI, based on NIS data Knowledge maps Example: Export and import countries for pharmaceuticals Exploratory online
•An R&i program fiche (ICT/Big data) in the online real-time Delphi consultations •Exploration and discovery
•Analysis, management and security of big data •Future internet •Software development technologies, instruments, and methods
analysis of data at local and national level †Given the RDI-focus of the Strategy, the latter
Romanian RDI ecosystem based on data collected from projects, publications patents); ) the list was extended further through nomination and co-nomination
Big data, future internet etc. Advanced and nano-materials The R&i program fiches in the smart specializations fields provide †where pertinent â€
end, a broad range of data was put together and analyzed with an eye to determining fields
as a large selection of data on the economic value added, on scientific collaborations and results, on societal needs, global trends etc. in the shortlisted smart specialization fields.
some minor clustering †as the smart specialization priorities of the strategy As a whole, the selection process briefly described above
Data on all publicly-funded competitive Romanian RDI projects over the last 7-8 years (over 6, 000;
+and data on more than half a million business firms
WARN-Count in xref table is 0 at offset 287591 WARN-Count in xref table is 0 at offset 566472
analysis by correlating the data collected by Eurostat with the data collected at the Center for
studies, we processed the available data from 1995 to 2012 for the following EU states:
"The Atlas of Economic Complexity"data, own calculations A fist glimpse of a certain dynamic that is counterintuitive
"The Atlas of Economic Complexity"data, own calculations 1, 35 1, 34 1, 29 1, 25
Eurostat data,"The Atlas of Economic Complexity"data, own calculations FI SE DK DE AT
The data refers to 2011 indicators 4 Economic activity rate (2011; Source: Eurostat 5 Data for 2010;
Source: Eurostat 6 Persons aged 25-64 with tertiary education attainment(%;%Source: Eurostat 7 Europe 2020 Flagship Initiative Innovation Union COM (2010) 546
WB staff calculations based on WDI data 27. During this period, the convergence process has trickled down at the regional level, and the
World bank staff calculations based on Eurostat data; â€oepeer regionsâ€: aggregate peers as defined by ADR Vest PL 41,42, 43,51, 52;
Data Source: Eurostat 13.6 %12.1 %13.5 %12.7 %15.3 %13.2%12.7 %12.1 %14.3 %5. 8 %11.1
Calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross fixed capital formation by NUTS 2 regions nama r e2gfcf; Employment (in 1000 persons) by NUTS 3 regions
Calculations based on data from Eurostat: Population on 1 january by broad age groups and sex-NUTS 3 regions demo r pjanaggr3
Calculations based on data from Eurostat: Population on 1 january by broad age groups and sex-NUTS 3 regions
Calculations based on data from Eurostat lfst r lfp2acedu. Note: Economically active population by sex, age, highest level of education attained and NUTS 2
Calculations based on data from Eurostat edat lfse 13. Note: Persons aged 25-64 and 20-24 with
Calculations based on data from INS: Activity, employment and ILO unemployment rates at territorial level, by educational level, by sex and area, in 2009;
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 40. Additionally, the West Region presents the second highest incidence of gazelles over total
In 2010, the last year for which firm level data from SBS dataset are available, gazelles
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 41. The sectoral specialization of the â€oegazelles†is slightly different than the distribution of firms
overall. While Western firms in general are concentrated mainly in service activities such as wholesale trade (14%),retail trade (10),
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 42. The contribution of startups to productivity growth in West Romania is higher than the
Opportunities†this exercise is based on the final sample of the SBS survey data †as after excluding for outliers †in
exit firms (X). Considering the first and latest year of data (2005 and 2010) available in the SBS dataset, surviving
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Figure 15:
TFP Growth Decomposition in Romania By Type of Firm And by Region: 2005-2010 Source:
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data The West Regions†export performance is very positive in overall terms
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 44. Overall, the West Region export performance is very positive:
export growth is sustained Figure 18), particularly since 2009 and is driven by the performance of firms located in Arad and Timis
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data III. 2. Main challenges
Fruits of economic growth were distributed not evenly across the region 45. The fruits of economic growth and convergence with Europe were distributed not evenly
World bank staff calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions †purchasing power standard per inhabitant nama r e3gdp
World bank staff calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions †millions of Euro nama r e3gdp
World bank staff calculations based on data from Institute of National Statistics; Monthly gross wages at NACE 2
Calculations based on data from Structural Business Survey Note: In the Auto cluster, the index for Arad is 100 (equal to the regional average) â€
The only available relative price data are on food prices by municipality. Taking the average prices of a basket of
Calculations based on customs data from Institute of National Statistics As a result of the spatial effect of the transition of the economy and conditioned in part by
Calculations based on data from Structural Business Survey Note: Basic sectors include those sectors which sell primarily outside the local area;
Data shows that in 2011 the West Region had the third lowest number of students enrolled in
Opportunities†these numbers are based on the final sample of the SBS survey data †as after excluding for
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 57. The auto industry is by far the biggest employer in the region among manufacturing
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Table 11. Out of Region Plant Size of Firms Headquartered in the West Region (2010
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 60. Sectorial, firm and geographical concentration may lead to high volatility of value added
Challenges and Opportunities†this exercise is based on the final sample of the SBS survey data †as after excluding
World bank staff calculations based on INS data Source: World bank staff calculations based on INS data 62. Moreover, export growth over the period 2005-2011 has been very reliant on the â€oeintensive
marginâ€, i e. 75%of export growth came from incumbent exporters going to markets they already served and with no innovation in terms of product range.
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 63. There is a shift in destination markets within the EU. While traditionally the main export
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 60 70 80 90 100 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 64. Overall, West Region exports are concentrated in relatively low-skill, low-sophistication
World bank staff calculations based on INS data Increasing integration with regional value chains, leading to low local value addition
the lack of export data for service sectors †which includes ICT services †prevents the use of the Taymaz et al (2011) methodology.
World bank staff elaboration based on INS customs level data 31 Taymaz, Erol, Ebru Voyvoda and Kamil YÃ lmaz (2011.
data, it does not account for the domestic dimension of value chains thereby providing only a partial overview of
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 68. While declining value added at sector level is a global trend
Calculations based on data from Business Registry Note: Foreign firms include firms with any share of foreign participation, so
Calculations based on data from Business Registry Notes: â€oe2006 and 2007 Cohorts†refers to the firms that started (as evidenced by
opportunities draws on the Structural Business Survey data (for the 2008-2010 period) and follows a
First, the firm level data used for this analysis does not provide information regarding the set of specific products that are produced by each firm.
as the INS data covers 2008-2010 time horizon, the analysis reflects the immediate post crisis scenario and,
data (NACE 4 digit) sector analysis 49 80. In addition, whereas the firm-level data analysis has pointed to some high growth activities
In 2010, the last year for which Eurostat provides data on regional R&d outlays, the total intramural R&d expenditures (considering business enterprise sector
Economic Outlook Database, April 2013. http://www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/index. aspx
Eurostat data (rd e gerdreg 47 Although there are no dedicated financial means, the region can identify financing resources in specific cases
data.**Note: the latest available data for R&d over GDP indicator for the West region is for 2010;
2011 and 2012 levels are assumed to be the same Source: World bank staff simulations based on Eurostat and
IMF data 139. Building on the analysis conducted as part of this assessment, this chapter drafts
available only for the 2008-2010 period, all cluster analysis is restricted to this time period Table A1. 4. ICT cluster:
innovative data base of the region (such as an E-Regional Market) which could be used to identify investors, co-operation partners and
The current strategy is based on data in the Diagnosis Analysis †Report on communication services in broadband (Roland Berger 2006) and on those supplied by the National Authority in
rapid transmission of a huge volume of data, so that the access to a wide range of
Thus, taking into consideration the data in the table above and the fact that there
distributed, access to specific applications and large data traffic generators. At the same time it supposes the existence of broadband communication infrastructure as
and that of digital communications is still at an initial stage, and the development of new business models is depending on attracting a critical mass of users.
Thus, we can develop data basis (e-Tourism, e-Culture that favor the development of the digital content of cultural type, including in tourism
administrative tax payment, of transmitting data and answering in electronic format as well as of giving useful info as regards certifications and authorizations (e
services by setting up data basis nationally concerning health of patients in hospitals and at the level of medical clinics (e-Health) and developing telemedicine services
facilities in digital economy or information society For the common consumer, besides facilities provided by broadband
Statistical data concerning electronic communication market in Romania in the first half of 2008, reported by providers to the National Authority for
According to data reported by internet providers, in June 2008, in Romania, there were approximately 2, 27 million broadband access
Data published by the European commission show that, despite the diminishing of economic growth perspectives in general, broadband internet development
According to data provided by ANC for the next period companies and institutions intend to purchase a broadband connection at high speed transfer, this
Long distance data transportation networks are developed well ï¿The purchase cost terminals (PCS, laptops, mobile phones, mobile
-to collect and centralize statistical data related to the process of equipping the population with reception devices
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