â€oedatafication†and digitization, including of human activity, into digital â€oebreadcrumbs†or â€oefootprints†In an increasingly digitized world,
and digitization of information Different types and forms of data, including large amounts of unstructured data
Supporting the effort of digitization of all European cultural content and providing a platform for aggregating
have developed different models and methodologies for Digitization The European Digital Library is the maximum interest focus point of the ITC strategy in the field of culture
requires the right conditions for proceeding with digitization, online accessibility and preservation of cultural content.
ï Provides most of the funding for digitization and implement decisions taken jointly at European level
the action of digitization of the cultural patrimony of Romania is represented by the preservation of
The digitization of the cultural content specific to Romanian communities will have a major impact on the degree of the citizensâ€
receive orders and to send digital images of products only to known clients (which then sell to other
digitisation and making available of"orphan works"."198 Orphan works are works such as books, newspapers or films that are protected still by copyright but whose
Digitisation and Making Available of Out-of-Commerce Works, 20.09.2011, available at http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/copyright/copyright-infso/copyright-infso en. htm#mou
such as digitisation, mass collaboration, and sus -tainability needs is creating a unique opportunity to enable an explosive increase in shared value due
collision of three mega trends digitisation, mass collaboration, and sustainability. Across the world Moore†s law is colliding with virtually every domain
•The extent of newspaper digitisation in European Libraries •Refinement •Quality Assessment •Metadata
on the digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material and digital preservation EN 1 EN
on the digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material and digital preservation THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European union, and in particular
The digitisation and preservation of Europe†s cultural memory which includes print (books, journals, newspapers
2) The EU's strategy for digitisation and preservation builds on the work done over the
digitisation 3) On 28 august 2006, the Commission issued a Recommendation to the Member States with a view to optimising, by means of the internet, the economic and cultural
4) Moreover the context for digitisation efforts and for collaboration at European level has changed considerably over the last few years.
now to reap the benefits of digitisation and digital preservation. If Member States do not step up their investments in this area,
digitisation of their assets will help Europe†s cultural institutions to continue carrying out their mission of giving access to and preserving our heritage in the digital
8) Digitisation is an important means for ensuring greater access to and use of cultural
digitisation. It would also lead to a more secure climate for companies investing in digitisation technologies.
Overviews of current and planned digitisation activities and quantitative targets for digitisation would contribute to achieving those objectives
9) The cost of digitising the whole of Europe†s cultural heritage is high and cannot be
covered by public funding alone. Private sector sponsoring of digitisation or partnerships between the public and private sectors can involve private entities in
digitisation efforts and should be encouraged further. In order to be balanced fair and these partnerships should comply with a number of key principles.
In particular it is necessary to set time-limits for the preferential use of the digitised material.
and are being used to co-fund digitisation activities as part of projects having an impact on the regional economy.
Mass digitisation processes can gain in efficiency due to scale. Therefore, the efficient use of digitisation capacity and, where possible
the sharing of digitisation equipment between cultural institutions and countries should be encouraged 11) Only part of the material held by libraries,
archives and museums is in the public domain, in the sense that it is not
-scale digitisation of out-of-commerce works, legislative backing for licensing solutions voluntarily developed by stakeholders may be needed in the Member States
further dialogues to facilitate agreements for the digitisation of as much of the out-of -commerce material as possible.
Digitisation: organisation and funding 1. further develop their planning and monitoring of the digitisation of books, journals
newspapers, photographs, museum objects, archival documents, sound and audiovisual material, monuments and archaeological sites (hereinafter †cultural
a) setting clear quantitative targets for the digitisation of cultural material, in line with the overall targets mentioned under point 7, indicating the expected
create new ways of funding digitisation of cultural material and to stimulate innovative uses of the material,
digitisation are balanced fair and, and in line with the conditions indicated in the Annex 1 OJ L 323,9. 12.2005, p. 57
3. make use of the EU€ s Structural Funds, where possible, to co-finance digitisation
4. consider ways to optimise the use of digitisation capacity and achieve economies of scale, which may imply the pooling of digitisation efforts by cultural institutions and
cross-border collaboration, building on competence centres for digitisation in Europe Digitisation and online accessibility of public domain material
5. improve access to and use of digitised cultural material that is in the public domain by
a) ensuring that material in the public domain remains in the public domain after digitisation b) promoting the widest possible access to digitised public domain material as
well as the widest possible reuse of the material for noncommercial and commercial purposes c) taking measures to limit the use of intrusive watermarks or other visual
Digitisation and online accessibility of in-copyright material 6. improve conditions for the digitisation and online accessibility of in-copyright
material by a) rapid and correct transposition and implementation of the provisions of the Directive on orphan works, once it is adopted, with consultation of interested
identified and agreed by stakeholders for the large scale digitisation and cross -border accessibility of works that are out-of-commerce
b) making all public funding for future digitisation projects conditional on the accessibility of the digitised material through Europeana
e) ensuring the use of common digitisation standards defined by Europeana in collaboration with the cultural institutions in order to achieve interoperability
Public-private partnerships for digitisation In order to make rapid progress on the digitisation of our cultural heritage, public funding for
digitisation needs to be complemented by private investment. Therefore, the Commission encourages public-private partnerships for the digitisation of cultural material
It calls on the Member States to stimulate such partnerships, which should comply with the
following key principles 1) Respect for intellectual property rights Public-private partnerships for the digitisation of collections in cultural institutions should
fully respect the European union and international legislation on intellectual property rights 2) Non-exclusivity The agreements for digitising public domain material should be non-exclusive in the sense
Agreements for the digitisation of collections held by cultural institutions should be awarded after an open competition between potential private partners
digitisation of cultural collections should be made public 5) Accessibility through Europeana The conclusion of a public-private partnership should be conditional on the accessibility of
†The envisaged digitisation quality, and the quality of the files that will be given to the cultural institutions.
†The time-scale of the digitisation project EN 10 EN ANNEX II Indicative targets for minimum content contribution to Europeana per Member State
Digitisation: organisation and funding Digital preservation Follow-up to this Recommendation For the Commission
Southeast Regional Authority Regional Planning Guidelines for the Southeast Region 2010-2022 Acknowledgements Cover photo courtesy of Conan Power
digitization of personal information combined with international movement of people creates real risks of cybersecurity.
P. 1. 4. SME Digitisation In order to increase the use of information and communication technologies by small and medium
along with digitisation drivers, such as e-commerce and e-invoicing P. 1. 5. Digital Skills amongst Citizens
P. 1. 4. SME Digitisation In order to increase the use of information and communication technologies by small and medium
along with digitisation drivers, such as e-commerce and e-invoicing P. 1. 5. Digital Skills amongst Citizens
movies, digitisation and access to Europe's cultural heritage79. The deployment of a culture of
particular by digitisation and globalisation, offering great opportunities for the sectors but making it necessary for them to develop new skills,
for example to promote the digitisation of cultural heritage), strengthening of entrepreneurship in CCIS, the support to urban regeneration in which the cultural
At the same time, digitisation created six million jobs globally in 2011, despite the economic downturn, as ICT is widely
HTML5), the increasing video quality requirements (HDTV, 3d, SHV) and special application areas (virtual reality experience sharing
i e. number of pixels per spatial region in a video frame •Quality scalability, or commonly called SNR (Signal-to-noise-Ratio) scalability
pixels from the compressed bit-stream Fig. 1. A typical scalable video coding chain and types of scalabilities by going to lower-rate
Beyond pixels: Exploiting camera metadata for photo classi -ï cation. Pattern recognition 38 (6), 935†946 (2005
-prise will have a digital image (a sort of †avatarâ€) that has been referred to as Future Internet Enterprise Resource (FINER) in the FINES Research Roadmap.
•Intangible entity, for which a digital image is mandatory Fig. 2. The FINER Pentagone All these FINERS will freely interact
-ration as a consequence of the digitization of the work environment, and finally dealing with what may be considered the real challenge to digital business:
for text digitization 22 Nevertheless, despite its powerful features, many research areas related to Crowdsourcing need to be covered.
Digitization of physical content is also possible by scanning paper documents with a smartphone camera.
Landsat pixel scale. Results were disaggregated by reference percent tree cover stratum (e g.,, greater than 50 percent crown
about the relationship between digitization and corporate strategy. This is a relationship of enormous promise because digitization†the mass adoption of connected
relationship between digitization and strategy. Digital media and technologies are inherently subject to change A company†s strategy, its way of winning in the market
For most companies, digitization is a great enabler But it is also a great disruptor.
Digitization is also distracting: it can present a bewildering array of potential opportunities, all of which
opportunities and challenges of digitization? They are rigorously and prudently selective. They invest in those
and benefits of one current element of digitization: big data. This is comprised of large datasets often gathered
In this process of digitization, the government appears to be lagging slightly behind (35th: government online services (32nd) continue to be reduced relatively
crisis. Technological progress and digitization can represent one of the main sources of potential economic growth and
However, the level of digitization is not the same across European union (EU) Member States, and thus the potential
of European countries in terms of their level of digitization and the benefits accruing from it, a broad classification by
This digitization of information is leading to greater exchange of stored media and data over the Internet
data itself is a way to express the sudden digitization of many things that have been with us forever but were
Digitization itself is not new, but the maturation and availability of the Internet; the rapid growth of mobile
policymaking and regulatory management, digitization business development and strategic investments, and corporate management as well as governance, operating
He leads the firm†s digitization platform globally and its Business Technology practice in the middle East
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