Communication from the Commission 2009. These sectors are characterized by mixed economies, the strong involvement of public policy and a need for models of innovation
Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. 2009.
With the advancements in communication technology, social networking model can be applied in developing a digital city.
With application of information and communication technology, social networks become flexible and can be sustained over distance
and information dissemination, communication and social services, and business transaction services (Lea et al 2005 The construction of a digital city is built often upon social network concepts including common interests or shared
the system and to provide its users with opportunities for social support, business collaboration, communication with
•Providing a framework for timely communication and distribution of experiences, contextual information and expert insight to stimulate knowledge creation
and services for collaboration and communication and how all these aspects of technology are needed to produce stable digital cities for everyone†s benefit.
user†s initial social network information is maintained by four entities including communication group, social group influential group,
All communication among users after joining the system are tracked and used to monitor changes in social network parameters and network evolution of users.
effective because of geographic distance, topical distance, concept communication, potential advantage recognition and individual bias. Therefore, one of I3†s objectives is to facilitate communication between people in the scope of
resource exchange, an important function of a digital city suggested by the literature (Akahani et al.
renders service sessions (Service Session entity) for any communication that the case manager might have had with
An important feature that must be supported by a digital city is communication and collaboration among large
) I3 recognizes the need for communication and collaboration in digital cities and provides an internal email system
communication and collaboration services in I3 enable users to develop their direct or indirect connectedness to
Community Participation, †Communications of the ACM, 47,2, February, 38-44 Davies, W. 2003. Digital Networks & Social networks, isociety Alex Macgillivray, New Economics Foundation
â€oeopen Frameworks for Information Cities, †Communications of the ACM, 47 (2), 45-49 Garrison, C,
Computer-Mediated Communication, 3 (1), http://www. ascusc. org/jcmc/vol3/issue1/garton. html GÃ tzl,
. & Wellman, B. 1997) â€oeasynchronous Learning Networks As A Virtual Classroom, †Communications of the ACM, September, 40,9, 44-49
â€oethe Driving forces In The Virtual Society, †Communications of the ACM, December, 42,12 64-70
â€oedigital City Kyoto, †Communications of the ACM, July, 45,7, 76-81 Ishida, T. 2002b.
â€oewhat Makes A Web site Popular, †Communications of the ACM, February, 47,2, 51-55 Kollock, P. 1996.
Communications of the ACM, 47 (2 february Simmie, J. 1997. â€oethe Origins and Characteristics of Innovation in Highly Innovative Areas, †Innovation
â€oemaking Information Cities Livable, †Communications of the ACM, February 47,2, 33-37 Stevens, G,
He has published papers in journals such as Communications of the ACM and Human Systems Management Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner.
by the internet of things (Iot), machine to machine (M2m) communication and over 80 billion connected devices globally, digital intelligence will be
This is done through communication with stakeholders and integrating those expectations into its management and business value creation with a strong focus on technology deployment and
communications †both real-time and non-real time †are integrated to optimise stakeholder processes and increase productivity
ITC Institutional Review 2005 †2010/Personal communication Carlow ITC LIT Tipperary (formerly Tipperary Institute
Personal communication Handover to E-net has been completed for all of these towns Table 14. Phase I MANS:
Department of Communication, Energy and Natural resources. http://www. dcenr. gov. ie/Communications/Communications+Development/Metropolitan+Area+Networks/MANS+Phase+I. htm
DCENR. http://www. dcenr. gov. ie/Communications/Communications+Development/Metropolitan+Area+Networks/Phase+II+Towns. htm
Following a review in June 2012 it was determined by the Department of Communications, Energy and Natural resources that eel fishing would not be reopened for the foreseeable future.
while in Carlow there are degrees in Computer games Development, Software Development, Computer systems Management and Communications, Media & Public relations.
IDA (personal communication), April 2013 Figure 6. Sectoral employment breakdown by county Source: IDA (personal communication), April 2013
FDI Companies in the Southeast Table 21. FDI Companies in the Southeast listed on IDA website
information and communication technologies, according to a report by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
Thus, the business model can be seen as a communication or a planning tool. It allows entrepreneurs, investors,
processing and communication processes of modern organizations to become a general purpose tool that can be
been lowered by application of information and communication technologies, and by the adoption of marketing 18 Jack Triplett (1999), p. 14, correctly points out that â€oea greater number of new things is not necessarily a greater rate of
the result of marketing innovation and the use of information and communication technologies Of course, some progress has been made in resolving the computer productivity paradox by virtue of the
and communication technology industries. For software designers, Moore's law promises that new computational resources will continue to grow
and communication technologies has complicated enormously the task of maintaining coherence and functionality within the organization.
the new business processes arising from the use of information and communication technologies. Without attention to these issues, it is not surprising that they may often follow a version of Parkinson's law (â€oework
communication resources if their costs were recognized fully. 25 Was this state of affairs a necessary, inescapable burden imposed by the very nature of the new
and communication technologies are likely to be worthy of the same amount of analysis that is devoted to approval paths, logistics,
"look and feel"of information communication, its quality and style, the capability for an individual to express
ideas, and the quantity of such communications. But singly and severally they made very little progress in
Seven out of 10 companies used digital signatures in some communication with external agents. Of these, 98.4%used them to deal with the Public Administrations, and 17.2%to do
*The intensities in the use of Information and Communication Technologies refer to the following indicators
e-commerce were the ICT Sector (70.1%)and Information and communications (62.9 %Purchases via e-commerce represented 21.7%of the total purchases of companies with 10
Regarding communications, 76.5%of companies with fewer than 10 employees used mobile phones, compared to the 74.6%of the previous year,
The survey on the Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and Electronic Commerce in Companies is integrated in the statistics plans of the European union designed
Communication Technologies based on Open sources (CENATIC Moreover, there is another partnership agreement with the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and
the character of communication, collaboration and relationship building, we need a qualified framework for reflection on the impact of online
communication and networks to spread awareness of these opportunities. Given the importance of the public sector to social innovation, and of social
using ICT (Information and Communication Technology), which includes online networks communities and platforms, in the course of their
increasing importance of Information and Communication Technologies,(ICTS), the digital divide has grown at a rapid pace.
SL 5 †Computer Communication Networks and Telecommuni -cations  The Editor (s)( if applicable) and the Author (s) 2011.
in Egypt used social media to support communication and the associated Facebook page had over 80,000 followers at its peak.
part of human communication, societal expectations have grown. The general population demand that the Internet is at least:
global communications platform within a European context. This text holds a sample of the latest results of these endeavors.
multimedia communications, taking advantage of advanced software services, buying and selling, keeping in touch with family and friends, to name a few.
•Integration models enabling better incorporation and usage of the communication -centric, information-centric, resource-centric, content-centric, service/computation
•Unification and higher degree of integration of the communication, storage, con -tent and computation as the means of enabling change from capacity concerns to
-tecture for future mobile communications The â€oereview and Designs of Federated Management in Future Internet Architec
-tion exchange and the dominant communication environment for business relations and social interactions. Billions of people all over the world use the Internet for find
enjoying multimedia communications taking advantage of advanced software services, buying and selling, keeping in touch
The Future Internet as a global and common communication and distributed infor -mation system may be considered from various interrelated perspectives:
Europe, a significant part of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT of the Framework Program 7 is devoted to the Future Internet 14.
as an †economic objectâ€, traverses the communication infrastructure multiple times, limiting its scaling, while lack of content †property rights†(not
communication end-points (applications) but not when data are in transit. So, it is not feasible to make efficient storage decisions that guarantee fast storage man
caching along the communication path and mirroring of content compared to off -path caching that is currently widely used (involving e g. connection redirection
Communications privacy does not only mean protecting/encrypting the exchanged data but also not disclosing that
communication took place. It is not sufficient to just protect/encrypt the data (in -cluding encryption of protocols/information/content, tamper-proof applications
etc) but also protect the communication itself, including the relation/interaction between (business or private) parties
IP (and more generally communication) control components have so far being driven exclusively by i) cost/performance ratio considerations
a shared communication infrastructure. Hence, substantial benefit could be expected by further assistance from the network,
wired interfaces) to the communication network but also to heterogeneous data, ap -plications, and services, nomadicity,
-tain continuity of application communication exchanges when needed. Accessibility and nomadicity are addressed currently by current Internet architecture.
number of users with increasing heterogeneity in applicative communication needs •Robustness/stability, resiliency, and survivability:
of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2002, New-york City (New Jersey), USA (April/May 2002
ACM Computer Communications 33 (17), 2105†2115 (2010 19 Freedman, M.:Experiences with Coralcdn: A Five-Year Operational View.
A survey of autonomic communications. ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems (TAAS) 1 (2), 223†259 (2006
ACM Communications 52 (7), 66†75 (2009 22 Evolving the Internet, Presentation to the OECD (March 2006
MIT Communications Futures Program †Workshop on Internet Congestion Management, Qos, and Intercon -nection, Cambridge, MA, USA, October 21-22 (2008
Communication Review (Oct. 2010), http://www2. research. att. com/bala /papers/ccr10-priv. pdf 33 W3c Workshop on Privacy for Advanced Web APIS 12/13 July 2010, London (2010
-mon physical substrate of communication nodes and servers managed by multiple infrastructure providers. By decoupling service providers from infrastructure provid
The distribution functionality of the OP provides communication and control services that enable management tasks to be split into parts that run on multiple AMSS within
supporting context-aware communications that efficiently exploit the available net -work resources. Furthermore, context-aware networking enables new types of appli
module is responsible for the communication of the CISP with the other management Towards In-Network Clouds in Future Internet 27
-tures, and Protocols For Computer Communications (Karlsruhe, Germany, SIGCOMM †03 Karlsruhe, Germany, August 25†29,2003, pp. 3†10.
Communications Magazine 45 (10), 112†121 (2007 13. Deliverable D6. 3 Final Results Autoi Approach http://ist-autoi. eu
-communications Networking 54 (5)( 2010 15. Galis, A.,Denazis, S.,Bassi, A.,Berl, A.,Fischer, A.,de Meer, H.,Strassner, J.,Davy, S.,Ma
Mobile Communication and Computing Laboratory †Mobile Innovation Centre Magyar Tudosok krt. 2, H-1117, Budapest Hungary
for future mobile communications Keywords: mobile traffic evolution, network scalability, flat architectures, mo -bile Internet, IP mobility, distributed and dynamic mobility management
block of flat mobile communications. As a conclusion we summarize the benefits and challenges concerning flat and distributed architectures in Section 5
are talking about five billion people †are subscribers of some mobile communication service 1 6. Additionally,
meaning that voice communication will remain the dominant mobile application also in the future. Despite this and the assumption of 5 implying that the increase in the
As devices, networks and modes of communications evolve, users will choose from a growing scale of services to communicate (e g.,
communication in a more integrated way, or to put online gaming on the next level deeply impregnated with social networking and virtual reality
the mobile Internet, there is another emerging form of communications called M2m Machine to machine-Machine) which has the potential to become the leading traffic contribu
-Machine communications 2. 2 Scalability Problems of the Mobile Internet Existing wireless telecommunication infrastructures are prepared not to handle this
, Internet communication. Due to the collateral effects of this change a convergence procedure started to introduce IP-based transport tech
direct logical interfaces for inter-enodeb communications. Here, traffic forwarding between neighboring enodebs is allowed temporarily during handover events provid
edge router that bridges between mobile/wireless and IP communication. In order to achieve this, mobility support in the BSR is handled at three layers:
therefore providing a host-to-host communication method. End-to-end mobility management protocols working in higher layers of the
only for the ongoing communications while the mobile node is in motion between different IP sub-networks.
Table or anycast/broadcast/multicast communication can be used for the above pur -poses. In such schemes, usually all routing
BS nodes also minimizes the feedback time of intermodule communication, i e.,, sig -naling is handled as soon as it is received locally, on the edge of the operator†s net
Communications Magazine 39 (12), 34†41 (2001 31. Melia, T.,de la Oliva, A.,Vidal, A.,Soto,
Journal of Computer Communications 31 (10), 2457†2467 (2008 J. Domingue et al. Eds.):) Future Internet Assembly, LNCS 6656, pp. 51†66,2011
Future Communications and Internet 1 Introduction In recent years convergence on Internet technologies for communication†s, computa
on the supporting role various protocols play in delivering communications services that meet the rapidly changing needs of the communities of users for which the hour
realisation of future communications environments in the future Internet 4 11 12 13. The Future Internet architecture must provide societal services and,
-tion with communication infrastructure mechanisms. Service-awareness 4 has many aspects to consider as challenges,
communication, storage, content and computation substrata Networking-awareness 4 challenges imply the consumer-facing and the resource
Federation is relatively a new paradigm in communications, currently studied as the alternative to solve interoperability problems promoting scalability issues and explor
communications management systems providing autonomic control loops In this section, the rationale for federated, autonomic management of communica
-tion in future communications is, or which advantages it can offer either basics defini -tion (s) in communications,
but rather to provide a realistic approach in form of func -tional architecture, research results
The term Federation in communications was discussed in a previous work 20 and currently many definitions have been proposed.
communications services over an interconnected, but heterogeneous infrastructure and establishes communication foundations Fig. 1. Federated Autonomic Management Reference Representation
A greater degree of coordination and cooperation is required between communication resources, the software that manages them,
and the actors who direct such manage -ment. In federation management end-to-end communication services involve config
-uring service and network resources in accordance to the policies of the actors in -volved in the management process.
in communications either what federation to the next generation networks and in the Future internet design with service systems using heterogeneous network technologies
federated autonomic management for end-to-end communications services orchestrate federated service management where management systems should semantically inter
that a coherent view of the communication needs and profile of different transaction types can be built.
-teraction breakdowns between the various communication services providers, applica -tion service hosts, or value network members themselves.
FAME-SRC (Federated, Autonomic Management of End-to-end Communications Services-Scientific research Cluster. Activities are funded partially by Science
Management of End-to-end Communications Services-Scientific research Cluster and by the Univerself EU project 31, grant agreement nâ°257513, partially funded
IEEE 2009 Fourth International Conference on Communications and Network -ing in China (Chinacom09) 26-28 august, Xi†an, China (2009
Autonomic Networking and Communication, Birkhã¤user, Basel (2008 8. Raymer, D.,van der Meer, S.,Strassner, J.:
Computer Communications (July 2010), 63 pp http://www1. cse. wustl. edu/jain/papers/ftp/i3survey. pdf
Autonomic Communications. International Journal of Internet Protocol Technology IJIPT) 2 (1)( 2006 13. Rubio-Loyola, J.,Astorga, A.,Serrat, J.,Chai, W. K.,Mamatas, L.,Galis, A.,Clayman, S
Multi-Domain IT Architectures for Next Generation Communications Service Provid -ers. IEEE Communications Magazine 48, 110†117 (2010
66 M. Serrano et al 20. Serrano, J. M.,van der Meer, S.,Holum, V.,Murphy, J.,Strassner, J.:
Communication Review 37 (3)( 2007 25. Strassner, J.,Agoulmine, N.,Lehtihet, E.:FOCALE †A Novel Autonomic Networking
is its heterogeneity, both regarding the types of devices as well as communication protocols used. IPV6 and in particular 6lowpan play an important role, but other
not only the resource consumption and communication stress on the underlying infra -structure but also the flexibility, extensibility, dependability, determinism, etc. of the
Also, the interaction patterns manifest themselves in communication flows of dif -ferent characteristics. In order to effectively support these flows, different types of
communication services may be required from the underlying communication service layer. Table 1 shows a simple way to assess
the passive communication of the tags. The Object Naming Service (ONS) corre -sponds to the Entity Directory that returns the URLS of relevant resources for the EPC
service-oriented provision of AAL services and event-driven communication between them, in order to enable a proactive reaction on some emergent situations in the living
dynamic group-based communication between PECES applications (Resources) by utilizing contextual information based on a flexible context ontology.
group-based communication scenarios 76 A. Gluhak et al 4. 4 Semsorgrid4env The Semsorgrid4env architecture SSG4ENV provides support for the discovery and
layers exchange in their communications. In each layer a different type of IDN-Node is used:
The communications between IDN-SA layers follows the REST 8 paradigm through the exchange of common HTTP messages containing a generic IDN-Node in
, Ethernet, PLC) communication technologies. For 100 M. Castrucci et al testing purposes, only a simplified version of the Cognitive Manager has been imple
the context of the consumers taking into account their communication needs at each context, supporting their change over time
The Entity Title Model concepts can be used at the communications layer to the real world architecture envisaged by SENSEI 33 project, besides that
For communication between network elements, ontology is used usually in the application layer, without extending to the middle and lower layers of computer
-work layers protocols to establish communication among the network elements For example, the applications can select the protocol UDP or TCP, according
It is possible to change the paradigm of client-server communication and the structure of the intermediate layers of the TCP IP, so that the communication
networks have expansion possibilities to support the needs of the upper layer For so, one solution is to use an intermediate layer conceptually capable of
the communication with and between the lower layers. A possibility proposed by the Entity Title Model
Element whose communication needs can be semantically under -stood and supported by the service layer and subsequent lower Link and Phys
-ture, as the entity here is a communication element and not one resource in a
resources, is one communication entity in the Title Model. Also, applications that do not oï €er resources,
which in turn is an communication element that have its communication needs understood and supported by computer networks.
the other communication entities of the computer networks. According to this recommendation, the ASO-title (Application Service Object-title), which are
facilitate communication among the entities and with the other layers 24. Not to use a separate classiï cation for â€oeuser titleâ€, â€oehost title†and â€oeapplication ti
-cation of a communication element whose needs may be understood semantically and supported by the service layer and subsequent lower link and physical layers
whose communication needs are understood semantically and supported by the service layer (intermediate layer) that has the physical and
-ments, essential or indispensable for the communication elements whose needs 108 J. H. de Souza Pereira et al
entities in communication, and also the context of communication itself. The con -texts can be inï uenced by space time, speciï c characteristics of entities, among
other forms of inï uence. Discussion on the changing needs are presented in 24 where associations between elements of communication may vary according to
their desired needs and their variation in time Regardless of the time, the nature of communication can also inï uence the
desired values for the facets. For example, to transfer data from a ï le, or content
On the other hand, for an audio or video communication in real time it will not necessarily be important the delivery guarantee,
the problem corresponding to the elements of communication, whose needs can be understood and semantically supported by the service layer and subsequent
-chical scalability formed by elements of local communication, masters and slaves similar to DNS (Domain name System.
entities communication, as showed in Fig. 2 2. 2 Cross Layer Ontology for Future Internet Networks
Fig. 2. Entities Communication Orchestrated by the DTS 4 28. This ontology also supports the proposal of Horizontal Addressing by
communications needs formalization and standardization, and also has limita -tions with the collaboration with others Future Internet projects eï €orts.
-son is because the solution for horizontal addressing and communication needs was represented and supported using the Lesniewski Logic 18 29.
it permits semantic communication cross layers to contribute with, for example the autonomic management, as the Autoi works.
For the communication between the layers running in a Distributed Operating system, without the traditional sock
is used the Raw Socket to enable the communication 19 The following OWL sample code shows one use case example for distributed
Communication with Slave -USP-A; Payload Size Control equal to 84 Bytes; and; Delivery Guarantee re
distributed programming communication using diï €erent approaches, as the ad -dressing proposal presented in 25.
categories of communication entities, and its needs. One basic sample of the taxonomy for this â€oeentity†concept is showed in the Fig. 4,
which translates this communication in functionality Fig. 4. Entity Taxonomy in the Title Model 112 J. H. de Souza Pereira et al
layers of computer networks, thereby deï ning the communication architecture whose study go over the deï nitions in the area of protocols architecture
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) provide in recent years solutions to the sustainability challenge by, e g.,
telecommunications-based communications for a variety of lower-level network/tele -communication as well as application-based services) and the social life of user (here
mainly addressing private customers of such services and providers offering such services);()( 2) Markets of Internet service providers (ISP) and Telecommunication
Internet communications particularly and the Internet architecture generally chal -lenges networking research and development today. Economic effects of technical
19th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications and Net -works (ICCCN 2010), ZÃ rich, Switzerland (August 2010
and TCP restricts communications to a single path per transport connection. But hosts are connected often by multiple paths, for example mobile
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communications Review 40 (2)( 2010 8. Kostopoulos, A.,Warma, H.,Leva, T.,Heinrich, B.,Ford, A.,Eggert, L.:
Conference on Communications, ICC (2006 18. Hasegawa, Y.,Yamaguchi, I.,Hama, T.,Shimonishi, H.,Murase, T.:
-tribution for multipath TCP communication. In: IEEE GLOBECOM (2005 19. Kelly, F.,Voice, T.:Stability of end-to-end algorithms for joint routing
Computer Communication Review 35,2 (2005 20. Key, P.,Massoulie, P.,Towsley, D.:Combined Multipath Routing and Congestion Con
Repurposing tussles occur in regards to the privacy of user communication data be -tween users, ISPS, service providers and regulators.
privacy of communications is based on democratic ideals, that persons should be secure from unwarranted surveillance.
monitoring and monetizing the communication of their users, and the demands of gov -ernment bodies to be able to monitor the networks for illegal or unwanted activities
wishing to maintain confidential communication For instance, is Wikileaks right or wrong to distribute leaked documents containing
the details of government and corporate communications? Until Wikileaks started re -leasing real documents of widespread interest,
Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modeling. Wiley, Chichester (2003 7. CRAMM: http://www. cramm. com (accessed December 1, 2010
International Conference on Communications Workshops, June 2009, pp. 1†5 (2009 10. Herzhoff, J. D.,Elaluf-Calderwood, S m.,Sørensen, C.:
-ples are supported by revised communication paradigms, which address potential security issues from the beginning, but also imply the need for novel solutions like
data-centric approach for the Future Internet, replacing point-to-point communication by a publish/subscribe approach.
Data-centric pub/sub as a communication abstraction 2, 3, 4 reverses the control between the sender and the receiver.
which means that the attackers cannot prevent communication be -tween a legitimate publisher and a subscriber inside a trusted scope
policies such as replication and persistence for data-centric communication. The Security Design for an Inter-Domain Publish/Subscribe Architecture 169
communication using any kind of transport abstraction on the data plane fast path that is used for the payload communication.
The data-centric paradigm is a natural match with the communication of topology information that needs to be distributed
typically to multiple parties and the ubiquitous caching considerably reduces the ini -tial latency for the payload communication as popular operations can be completed
locally based on cached data Below the control plane, t he network is composed of domains, that encapsulate re
network description language (ANDL) for the communication of network topology information in control plane publications,
transport protocol implements a specific communication abstraction and every actual -ized instance of interaction or communication event consuming the resources of the
network has associated an transport, topic, a graphlet and a set of roles. For example when IP is seen as a transport protocol in our network architecture, the roles for the
communication, the topic identifies the requested publication A graphlet defines the network resources used for the payload communication and
it can be anything from the path of an IP packet to private virtual circuits.
payload communication. A graphlet adheres to a set of scopes that are responsible for policy-compliant matching of nodes to interaction instances, collecting the needed
be divided into aspects of communication handled modularly by different scopes implemented by different entities. Scopes are responsible for combining upgraph
on a per-segment basis in the payload communication, we use packet level authentica -tion (PLA) 25 that uses elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) 23.
-tions, is orthogonal to the scoping of the data that determines the communication aspects for each publication
which the communication takes place. The scope joins the upgraphs and produces an end-to
delivery tree) that can then be used for the fast-path payload communication At every level of the hierarchy, the rendezvous core provides an anycast routing to the
4 Phases of Communication Each node wishing to communicate first requests the description of end-to-end fast
publications, which minimizes the amount of communication as only relevant infor -mation needs to be transfered.
which would hide the destination of the communication from the transit domains and thus guarantee some level of network neutrality.
-nal on Selected Areas in Communications 21 (1), 2003 (2003 25. Whittle, J.,Moreira, A.,Arauâ'jo, J.,Jayaraman, P.,Elkhodary, A m.,Rabbi, R
-ponent services and policies, the shared communication layer, and application functionality. Thus, one needs validation of both the service components and
if the intruder cannot block the communication indeï nitely. This diversity of goals cannot be formulated with a ï xed repertoire of generic properties (like
that communication between honest principals is controlled by a Dolev-Yao in -truder 17, i e. a malicious agent capable to overhear,
a bilateral communication authentic and/or conï dential channel), and it is thus important to develop model-checking techniques that support reasoning about
that provides a secure communication infrastructure between participants, e g. a virtual private network or a TLS 26 channel,
over the same communication medium. Moreover, there are ï rst results for the layered compositional reasoning needed for SOAS,
if its communication is routed over a secure channel, and (iii) both satisfy certain suï cient conditions (their message formats do not interfere.
8. Computer and Communication Industry Association (CCIA: Cloud comput -ing (2009), http://www. ccianet. org/CCIA/files/cclibraryfiles/Filename
which mediate the communication and the handling of private data in the cloud platform. The schedule of the events,
IEEE Communications Surveys 2 (1)( 1999), http://www. comsoc. org/pubs /surveys/1q99issue/psounis. html
Computer Communication Review 35 (5), 71†74 (2005 20. Phuoc Tran-Gia. G-Lab: A Future Generation Internet Research Platform (2008
cellular communications. The current challenge for the network management systems 260 A. Kousaridas et al is the reduction of human intervention in the fundamental management functions and
universal means for communication and computation, there are still many unsolved problems and challenges some of which have basic aspects.
-chestration and management for both the communication resources and the ser -vices†resources •Support of socioeconomic aspects including the need for appropriate incentives
Applications critical for society and business or for real-time communication demand a highly reliable, robust,
Dept. of Informatics and Communications, 15784, Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, Athens, Greece nancy@di. uoa. gr Abstract.
-tion and communication technologies (ICT) and has adopted massively broadband and Internet services 8. The European union (EU) is actually a potential leader in
complexity of communication networks, to reduce human intervention, and to pro -mote localized resource management.
The communication phase is responsible for Soekris 1 and Soekris 4 high delay. Specifically, both Soekris interact
The communication between NECMS increases the duration of the communication phase, while the duration of the execution phase is increased
due to technical and implementation reasons Fig. 5 presents the duration of the mobile terminal re-allocation function (vertical
communication phase takes again the majority of time The proposed test-bed has demonstrated that the inclusion of the MDE cognitive
Communication Phase 22.192 1. 711 2. 601 22.405 Monitor Phase 2. 760 2. 561 3. 137 2. 547
Decision Phase Communication Phase NDCM 0. 061 0. 733 Ti m e s ec Fig. 4. Vertical Assisted Handover Duration
Communication on â€oea Public-Private Partner -ship on the Future Internetâ€. European commission, Brussels (2009 2. Chochliouros,
Communication on â€oethe Future EU 2020 Strategyâ€. European commission, Brussels (2009 9. Tselentis, G.,Domingue, L.,Galis, A.,Gavras, A.,et al.:
Communication on â€oefuture Networks and the Internetâ€. European commission, Brussels (2008 13. Galis, A.,Brunner, M.,Abramowitz, H.:
A survey of autonomic communications ACM Trans. on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems (TAAS) 1 (2), 223†259 (2006
-shop on Modelling Autonomic Communications Environments (2006 25. Strassner, J.:Policy-Based Network Management. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San
Self-organization in Communication Networks: Principles and Design Paradigms. IEEE Communications Magazine 43 (7), 78†85 (2005
31. Mihailovic, A.,Chochliouros, I. P.,Georgiadou, E.,Spiliopoulou, A s.,et al.:Situation Aware Mechanisms for Cognitive Networks.
Redmax, Redline Communications: AN-100u/UX Single Sector Wireless Access Base Station User Manual (2008
network element will have embedded communication capabilities and several objects in a certain environment will be able to create a communication network.
Challenges such as the infrastructure coverage extension or the infrastructure capacity extension arise Opportunistic networking seems a promising solution to the problem of coverage
-tor designates the spectrum that will be used for the communication of the nodes of the ON (i e.,
or communication demand rises instantly and support is needed for successful handling Also, authors in 10 propose
that will be designated by the network operator, for the communication of the nodes of the ON.
-tional Conference on Computer Communications (2006 3. Rong, B.,Hafid, A.:A Distributed Relay Selection algorithm for Cooperative Multicast in
Computer Communications 31, 1763†1776 (2008 5. Verma, A.,Sawant, H.,Tan, J.:Selection and navigation of mobile sensor nodes using a
IEEE International Conference on Communication (2004 7. Han, S.,Xia, Y.:Optimal node-selection algorithm for parallel download in overlay con
-nance) or for real-time communication demand a highly reliable, robust and secure Internet. Finally, the future Internet needs to support sus
-ity to provide communication services to the ultimate consumers: enterprises or home/residential users. The Internet†s architecture assumes that routers are
the communication model oï €ered by the Internet may break the hope for fully-transparent remote access and outsourcing.
•Architectural †within a new global communications infrastructure there is a need to determine how a service layer would fit into an overall Future Internet architecture
and service layers in a new communications infrastructure. Within the chapter Santos et al. â€oemeeting Services and Networks in the future Internet†an ontology based ap
Event Channels serve as a flexible communication infrastructure that allows the framework to collect information about the service instance status
customers joined with reliable communication services offered by Telco providers Customers can find the services
Communication of SLA templates between third party and Service Aggregator use advertising bus to share infrastructure templates.
found the †Communications and Infrastructure bundle†product. Customer retrieves the different SLA templates available for the product and the negotiation starts.
to deal with semantics in the network communication, cross-layers, as alternative to the TCP IP protocol architecture.
in its Network and Transport layers, resulting in a communication gap between layers 7, 8
the communication between services and networks with semantics, disseminating the power of the meaning across the network layers
-ogy in computer networks to support the communication needs in a better way Another aspect that can be placed in the context of the Future Internet is the
In current networks, the semantic communication generally is limited to the Application layer and this layer is restricted to send
of the communication needs that the lower layers can better support, by the ontology use in this work,
has semantic communication, in OWL (Web Ontology Language), with its su -perior layer and the DL-Ontology layer.
The DL-Ontology layer has semantic communication also using OWL, with the superior and the Net-Ontology layers.
-ble to support the Data link communication to guarantee the correct delivery Meeting Services and Networks in the future Internet 341
the semantic communication between the DOHAND and the DL-Ontology layer for the handover in 4g networks
This work uses OWL as formal language for this communication, as the OWL was adopted by a considerable number of initiatives
these components and their communication with the network intermediate lay -ers can use OWL, instead of IP, UDP and TCP protocols.
the class that represents all that can establish communication. For example: a service, a content, a network element and even a cloud computing
-work communication used by the Autoi vcpi (Virtual Component Programming Interface) 13, allowing a localized monitoring and management of the virtual
By this, the FINLAN ontology layers can comprehend communication needs as the instantiation, remotion and modiï cation of virtual resources
this communication is showed bellow <owl: Individual rdf: about="&service; Component-1 "><rdf: type rdf: resource="&service;
As the communication between the Autoi modules is done through UDP transactions or TCP connections, FINLAN can collaborate in
-work layers and the cross layers communication In the researches of service-centric, the FINLAN is placed to the level of
the communication process with the lower layers Through the FINLAN Net-Ontology layer, requirements such as Qos and
evolution of TCP IP layers to increase the networks communication possibili -ties, is need a growing and can not be disregarded to the future of the Internet
needs for establishing communication through the ontological model adopted For the example described in 1. 2, to the service migration,
With the use of the FINLAN library this communication can be done replacing the IP and TCP protocols with the FINLAN representation using OWL over raw
layers of the networks in the future Internet, for the communication between the Service Enabler plane and the Management/Knowledge plane implemented
into Net-Ontology and DL-Ontology layers allowing the semantic communication and network behavior control
After the deï nitions of application requirements, the communication Fig. 4. Overview of FINLAN Library Implementation
for Hybrid Communication in Local Networks. In: 8th International Information and Telecommunication Technologies Symposium (2009
IEEE Global Communications Conference (2010 14 Rubio-Loyola, J.,Astorga, A.,Serrat, J.,Lefevre, L.,Cheniour, A.,Muldowney
-tion Proposal for Communication Structure in Local Networks. In: IEEE Inter -national Conference on Networking and Services, p. 18 (2010
-ing throughout the new global communications platform which is emerging through the Future Internet work and also note that proposals already exist for integrating
4 Multimedia Communication, Klagenfurt University, Austria christian. timmerer@itec. uni-klu. ac. at 5 PCN, Greece
6 VIOTECH Communications, France msidibe@viotech. net 7 Optibase Technologies Ltd, Israel Yaell@optibase. com
One of the objectives of the future communication networks is the provision of audio -visual content in flexible ways and for different contexts, at various quality standards
both synchronous communications or publish/subscribed ones. A novel type of ser -vice registry with enhanced functionalities allows new services supporting a variety of
the client-server communication style and also P2p (between HBS) style 376 H. Koumaras et al Additionally, powerful per-flow solutions (adaptation) can be applied in MANES
communications. In public traffic no security or privacy guarantees are enforced Secret content addresses content confidentiality and authentication by applying com
Private communications is to be adopted when the confidentiality and authenticity of the entire packets, includ
-communications, Marrakech, Morocco, Jul. 2009, pp. 196†201 (2009 7. Liberal, F.,et al.:Qoe and*-awareness in the future Internet.
IEEE Communications Magazine 45 (1), 84†90 (2007 9. Baker, N.:Context-Aware Systems and Implications for Future Internet.
IEEE Communications Magazine 47 (7), 20†26 (2009 12. Levis, P.,et al.:The Meta-Qos-Class Concept:
IEEE Communications Magazine (June 2005 14. Timmerer, C.,et al.:Scalable Video Coding in Content-Aware Networks:
One of the key developments in this respect is the use of advanced communication and computing infrastructure as part of the Smart Grid.
communication paradigms, has encouraged the development of loosely coupled and highly interoperable software architectures through the spread of the Service-Oriented
Communications of AIS 1 (11)( 1999 5. Mansell, R. E.:Introduction to Volume II: Knowledge, Economics and Organization.
-tion and Communication Technologies) services entirely based on renewable energy such as solar wind and hydroelectricity across Canada and around the
challenging research topics in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 420 K. K. Nguyen et al because of the alarming growth of indirect GHG emissions resulting from the over
transport layers in order to achieve communications. Each engine has a state machine which parses commands and decides to perform appropriate actions.
Communications and Networking 1 (2)( 2009 7. Kiddle, C.:Geochronos: A Platform for Earth Observation Scientists.
modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources, through participa
•Networking for Communications Challenges Communities (N4c. Ex -tending Internet access to remote regions. www. n4c. eu
As the upsurge of information and communication technologies (ICT) has become the nervous system of all modern economies, making cities smarter is usually
•Urban Communications Abstraction. One of the most urgent demands for sustainable urban ICT developments is to solve the inefficient use (i e. duplications) of existing
or new communication infrastructures. Due to the broad set of heterogeneous urban scenarios, there will be also a pronounced heterogeneity of the underlying communi
So far, through communications abstraction, urban-scale ICT platforms will allow unified communications regardless the different network standards and
will enable data transfer services agnostic to the underlying connection protocol. Fur -thermore, a major challenge in future urban spaces will be how to manage the in
Together with unified communications and information, a key functionality of urban ICT Platforms should be to guarantee in
need of a broadband communication infrastructure that is becoming, or starting to be considered, the 4th utility (after electricity, gas and water), two major ICT building
-cations, to enablers for accessing multimedia mobile communications or social net -works, etc..Thus the integration of innovative principles and philosophy of Ios will
Communication Protocol Adapter Fig. 2. High-level Architecture of a USN Iot Platform Smart Cities at the Forefront of the Future Internet 455
sensors networks deployed throughout the city and the core IP communication network), the main responsibility is to provide independence from the communica
-mental monitoring, traffic control and communication services, will inform and/or alert citizens of different critical situations (i e. urgent medical attention, city ser
Phases of Communication Related Work Conclusion and Future Work References Engineering Secure Future Internet Services
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