including free content from publications like The Economist. It sounds simple, but as Brotman says
economy and our leadership in business transformation and organization change
WARN-Count in xref table is 0 at offset 4779326 National Strategy on Digital Agenda for Romania
Appendix 6 †List of stakeholders Involved in Digital Agenda for Romania 2014 †2020.162
the economic growth and increase competitiveness in Romania, both by direct action and support of development of effective Romanian ICT and through indirect actions such as increasing efficiency and
Within 2001-2008, the Romanian economy expanded by an average of 5-6 percent per year, representing one of the fastest growth rates in the
pursued as Romania†s vision of the ambitious program that will drive the economic growth and increased
economic growth. These 4 fields of action are summarized as follows ï Field of action 1-egovernment, Interoperability, Cyber security, Cloud computing, Open Data
economy of about 5%of GDP grow and 1%in terms of jobs ï Field of action 2 †ICT in Education, Health, Culture and einclusion †support at a sectorial level that
comparative advantages of regional Romania and supports economic growth in the private sector The implementation of the measures of the field of action 3 will generate in the period 2014-2020
an estimated impact on the Romanian economy of approximately 3%increase at the GDP level and
indirect impact on the economy, calculated in accordance with good practice observed in other European countries who have made similar investments may be translated into GDP growth by 13
economy Objective 2020 EU Targets RO Targets Current situation RO Covered by broadband 100%by 2013 100%by 2020 90.0%(2013
2020, which targets to reboot Europe's economy and help Europe's citizens and businesses to get the
the economy and its growth an important role for the development of Romania, both in purely
convergence of short-term and long-term strategies for all the stakeholders involved in the governing act were necessary in order to align all the aspects of their respective approach and form a cohesive structure
For each line of action a detailed description of context, stakeholders and responsible actors, dependencies, actions and timelines can be found in the chapter dedicated to each Field of Action
Ministry of Economy support ICT in ecommerce %SMES which receive orders online Page 24 of 170
Ministry of Economy support Ministry of Public Finances support Ministry of Labor (support Support from an ICT prospective of
Ministry of Economy support Ministry of Public Finances support Ministry of Labor (support Improve the access to the online
Ministry of Economy support Ministry of Public Finances support Ministry of Labor (support Support for the development and
Ministry of Economy support Ministry of Public Finances support Ministry of Labor (support Preparation of a regulatory
Ministry of Economy support Ministry of Public Finances Page 25 of 170 European union. support Ministry of Labor (support
Ministry of Economy support Ministry of Public Finances support Ministry of Labor (support Promotion of the competitiveness
A sustainable, transparent and visible economy is the only way to ensure that Romania will
bridge the gap with other EU economies and reduce as much as possible disparities in terms of living standards Examples:
From a tactical perspective, based on consultation with the stakeholders in Romania (both in terms of citizens/private business as well as public sector representatives), the following table summarizes the
average growth of ICT employment in Romania (7%year on year growth) before the economic downturn
ICT contributed to GDP growth in all economies, but productivity was increased mainly within the developed economies and based on the below indicators Romania needs to improve the overall growth in
employment Source: The Impact of ICT on Growth in Transition Economies, Marcin Piatkowski, Warsaw 2004
More information pertaining to detailed indicators of Romanian economy can be found in Appendix 1 â€
Romanian Indicators Roadmap for the Digital Agenda in Romania Taking into account all the factors and the principles listed above,
Direct and indirect impact on the economy calculated in accordance with good practice observed in other European countries who have made similar
economy value expressed through the Gross domestic product Also, the calculations performed both for the estimation of the future investments
the economy, were performed starting from and considering the methodology published by the European Commission for the performance of such calculations
the major obstacles regarding the economic growth and employment egovernment Approach in Romania Public services and their efficiency are considered to have a significant impact on the economic and social
This will create the conditions for economic activity based on open data and will stimulate cross-border applications
ï increase the productivity of all sectors of the economy through improved business intelligence ï more adequately address many of the challenges that face our societies
entailing a new specialization when the economy of a country Page 69 of 170 provides other possibilities and development of entrepreneurial sense related to the professional
identified and supervised within the project Knowledge Economy Romania 2. Education by extracurricular activity based on ICT
These aspects put an enormous pressure on the economy and the social system. Personal lifestyle and environmental impact factors are the most significant risk factors
creational cultural industries and a way to stimulate the creative economy and to promote the cultural
available online is a win-win for culture, economic growth and individual fulfillment 3. 3. 3 National context
and also between these cultural institutions and other stakeholders Stakeholders Responsibilities The European commission ï Monitors progress towards the implementation of the
Commission's Recommendations ï Facilitates the exchange of information and good practices of MS policies and strategies
2020, the estimated impact on the Romanian economy would be of 5%growth in terms of GDP and 1
online is a win-win for culture, economic growth and individual fulfillment. By combining policy, research
within this communities had the opportunity to be part of a new knowledge-based economy, through a
increase significantly, even in the context of the actual economic crisis. In 2013,30%of people living in
Europe estimates the share of the European Internet economy at 3. 5%,a percentage that is set to double
economy as a result of outsourcing According to the study developed for Romania, ITC indicated the highest development in the Bucharest
technicians/engineers, economists accountants, etc. shall be appointed by MCIS-PIU to audit the physical and financial scope of the
ITC indicators Specific to Romanian Economy Indicators 2011 2012 Number of enterprises 14595 15726 Average number of employees (thousands individuals) 128,0 131,2
of enterprises with economic activity %4. 1%3. 6 %Share of turnover of enterprises with main activity of editing software products and
service activities in information technology overall the turnover of economic activity %1. 0%1. 1 %Source: http://www. insse. ro/cms/files/publicatii/Societatea%20informationala%202014. pdf
and in other sectors of economy pursuant to externalities ecommerce Based on the data supplied by Eurostat, the percentage of population aged between 16-74 years who
professors and economists (15%.%The proportions are almost identical in case of users using fixed connections, whereas the Internet users using mobile connections come significantly as well from
meeting of shareholders/sole shareholder decision 3. If applicable, obtaining a special power of attorney (authenticated) or
delegation for the persons delegated to fulfil legal formalities 4. Proves regarding the payment of
shareholders/partners/resolution of the sole shareholder to increase the share capital or to assign the shares
shall be submitted to the Office of Commerce Registrar to be mentioned and published in the Official Gazette
shareholders/partners/resolution of the sole shareholder and the updated Articles of Incorporation with all
updates, and the other documents supporting the application 4. 4 Registration with the Office of
The relationship between all the stakeholders involved in the Digital Agenda Strategy for Romania 2014 â€
ï§Evidence of stakeholder involvement and feedback from the targeted users requesting the initiative through the means of consultation
The methodology for evalution will have clear indicators on how the stakeholders of each project will be involved in evaluating the impact and the success of each program/project.
ï Relay the right messages to all the stakeholders ï Adopt a uniform description of the projects that will ensure the minimal amount of rework
ï Stakeholder analysis ï Impact analys is SWOT Analysis RACI Matrix Why What is need the
and public consultation will allow stakeholders and public opinion to be expressed, at the national level
APPENDIX 6 †LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN DIGITAL AGENDA FOR ROMANIA 2014 †2020
Society, economy, and even human psychology itself are undergoing an irreversible change, which we as citizens and
and economy solutions, such as crowdfunding for social good projects (104 The network analysis shows that although there are few very active organisations
the collaborative economy, cities and public services; open tools and distributed architectures; and citizen engagement and direct democracy
economic value is understood relatively well, yet its potential for solving large-scale social challenges remains largely untapped.
such as Avaaz and parts of the collaborative economy and the maker movement. Yet services that exist to help communities collaborate on problems that may not fit in tra
economy;( (4) new ways of making;(5) open democracy; and (6) acceleration and incubation. Crowdmapping DSI organisations and their activities:
Collaborative economy Awarness network Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Open Hardware Organisations M or
Collaborative economy Awarness network Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Open Hardware Organisations M or
the collaborative economy, local exchange and trading systems, digital currencies, and awareness networks that incentivise experimentation with new models in a variety of domains.
economic value, but that result in large -scale social impact. At the present mo -ment, the Internet offers unprecedented
involves society and the economy, driven by the fast evolution of ICT. More than five billion additional people will connect
with the multi-stakeholder governance model Avoiding anti-competitive dynamics and lock in would engage all particapents in the value chain
Health and Wellbeing, Finance and Economy, Energy and Environment, Education and Skills, Culture and Arts, Work and Employment, Participation and Democracy, Neighbourhood Regeneration, Science
Economy Open Democracy Funding Acceleration and Incubation The organisations and projects identified to date can roughly be grouped within
-racy,(3) The collaborative economy 4) Awareness networks enabling sustainable behaviours and lifestyles,(5 Open Access and (6) funding, accelera
The collaborative economy †and the many other umbrella terms used to describe the rise of digital marketplaces for people to make transactions and share skills, assets and
The Collaborative Economy has been documented by organisations like the P2p Foundation, Nesta, and Ouishare Across the world the burgeoning field of collaborative consumption is using digital
ECONOMY New collaborative socioeconomic models that present novel characteristics, and enable people to share skills, knowledge, food
Ouishare SHARING ECONOMY NETWORK Ouishare is a global collaborative consumption network founded in January 2012.
the focus of the economy to one that can find new ways to connect, create and share on the web.
two primary activities, Ouishare. net and collaborative economy events. Ouishare. net is an online community where members
which brings together the global collaborative economy community. The 2014 event took place in Paris
the collaborative economy In parallel thousands of alternative currencies are in use †some focused on localities
economies work †for example, valorising labour time equally, or linking currencies to data. In East Africa the development of M-PESA (a mobile financial payment system born
Goteo SHARING ECONOMY NETWORK A vibrant ecosystem of makers is developing across Europe and globally.
in real world settings with all relevant stakeholders: citizens, companies and scientific institutions One interesting example of an Urban Lab is the Barcelona Urban Lab. It was created
and sharing economy platforms likeâ Peerbyâ Â are creating new forms of relationships and services.
inclusive processes of decision-making amongst key stakeholders OPEN STANDARD BODYTHE World wide web Consortium (W3c The ability to access knowledge
commons-based knowledge economy. The project is a joint research effort sponsored by the Coordinating Ministry
Finance and Economy Energy and Environment Participation and Democracy Smart public services Science and technology Education and skills
Collaborative economy Awarness network TECHNOLOGY AREAS Open Hardware Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Arduino
Finance and Economy Energy and Environment Participation and Democracy Smart public services Science and technology Education and skills
Collaborative economy Awarness network TECHNOLOGY AREAS Open Hardware Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Arduino
-laborative economy and open knowledge is the specialty of the second largest †but also more scattered †community (7. 41
economy and society by complementing the telecommunications regulatory en -vironment, modernising copyright rules simplifying rules for consumers making
to help the EU economy become more competitive, based on sustainable and inclusive growth fuelled by energy and
democracy, and the collaborative economy These platforms based on open technol -ogy can gather and integrate information
agents (stakeholders in a broad sense including implementers and decision makers The Futurium platform is based on the
stakeholders in the poliy making process Besides the standard tools available in most social networks, Futurium participa
the Mayor has designed programmes for the sharing economy and citizen engagement. Colombia set up a centre
-ment and economic growth for the area of Barcelona35 69growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe
new solutions to reduce unemployment and minimise its corrosive effects on the economy and society.
when it is perceived as fair by all stakeholders, seeking the right balance between the interests
Commission estimates the economic value of the PSI market at approximately â 40 billion per annum. The 2013 revision of the
economies. New forms of data control and data collective ownership by citizens should be encouraged. For instance, in the UK, the government backedâ Midataâ pro
therefore allowing for innovation in the wider economy based on the Future Internet users must be able to come (no barriers to entry)
engaging effectively in multi-stakeholder processes Distributed and open architectures Community and bottom-up networking 5. 3 RESEARCH AND INNOVATION SUPPORT
key stakeholders, such as domain experts and possible purchasers of the service to establish what social challenges need to be addressed and how
a. Collaborative economy b. Digital social innovation in cities and public services c. Open tools and distributed architectures
for cities, regions, health authorities and universities to pilot large-scale DSI experiments around collaborative economy, direct
Within the single digital social market it should be easier for digital social innovations such as collaborative economy and crowd
/making-sense-uk-collaborative-economy Manchester Institute of Innovation Research Compendium of Evidence on Innovation Policy
Joint Statement on Education and Training in the Information Economy. Retrieved February, 2008 from: http://www. mceetya. edu. au/pdf/infoeconomy2005. pdf
effectively, and with economy. Our studies evaluate the value for money of public spending, nationally and locally.
engagement with stakeholders regarding risk, cost, prioritisation and funding 1 ttp://www. nhsbsa. nhsh. uk/Prescriptionservices/809. aspx
to NHS stakeholders and the general public. For example, the Electronic Prescribing & Financial Information for Practices service (epfip) allows GP practices to interrogate
stakeholders and the general public (see paragraph 2. 3 12 Part Two NHS Prescription Services:
5. Amounts have been adjusted for inflation using the retail prices index Source: NAO analysis of Authority data
continue to take precedence without effective engagement with stakeholders such as the Department of health, and the NHS Commissioning Board, and the Channel
build a firm basis upon which to engage stakeholders and customers 5. 5 The best potential for accuracy and efficiency improvement appears to rest with
used to engage with stakeholders and map out plans to decommission the legacy system Adequate resources should
and contract management staff, technical stakeholders and representatives from suppliers ï Document review of ICT and contracting strategies, reviews of the ICT estate, technical
ï A workshop of key stakeholders where they self-assessed and scored themselves against the
to senior stakeholders and compared with self-assessment 34 Appendix Three NHS Prescription Services: the impact of legacy ICT
Key stakeholders have clear visibility of the level of risk exposure Implementation Lifecycle management The system is readily adaptable to changing business
This report was undertaken by the Working Party on the Information Economy (WPIE), and carried out in co-operation with the Working Party on SMES and Entrepreneurship.
which governments may draw in promoting innovative SMES in the global economy Graham Vickery and Ken Sakai, Inho Lee and Hagbong Sim of the OECD€ s Directorate for
economic growth, facilitates innovation, and promotes efficiency, network effects and positive externalities. The development of broadband markets, efficient and innovative supply arrangements, and
between all stakeholders is necessary to reach these goals. Of particular relevance for small firms are low
These are an increasingly significant part of economic activity and they offer important opportunities to small firms.
Strengthen cross-border co-operation between stakeholders and the development of rules with cross-border application
and economies have moved from concentrating on e -readiness and connectivity, to diffusion and use, and are moving towards mature e-business strategies
leading or lagging countries) and sectoral distribution of economic activity, as well as size factors 9 I. BENEFITS AND USE BY SMALL BUSINESSES
it still accounts for a relatively small proportion of economic activity for firms of all sizes
the whole economy (see OECD 2002b and 2002c. Purchasing over the Internet is more common than
important issue, especially for small offices in remote areas or emerging economies, where ICT services
economies (Box 4). Most OECD countries have a similar number of fixed telecommunication access lines
Box 4. Network infrastructure in developing economies For most developing economies the highest priority is to put in place the network infrastructure
and a competitive environment and regulatory framework that support affordable Internet access (Tigre and O†Connor, 2002
view, ADR advantages include speed, economy, flexibility and neutrality. It is also more effective for
Information Economy is a comprehensive on-line resource that is aimed at business people who want a
Austria Let†s e-Biz The on-line information source established by the Ministry of Economics and the Chamber of
economy. One focus is to provide training to a large number of SMES during the period
and economies have moved from concentrating on e -readiness, connectivity and awareness, to diffusion and use,
economic activity, as well as size factors 44 REFERENCES Baldwin, J. R. and D. Sabourin (2002), â€oeimpact of the Adoption of Advanced ICTS on Firm Performance in
Ernst & young (commissioned by the National Office for the Information Economy (NOIE) of Australia 2001), Advancing with E-commerce,(available at http://www. noie. gov. au
Industryâ€, The Journal of Industrial Economics, December, pp. 417-440 Heartland Information Research, Inc (2001), â€oee-Commerce†s Impact on the Travel agency Industryâ€
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan (METI)( 2001), White paper on Small and Medium
The Developing Economics, March, pp. 67-100 OECD (2001a), Science, Technology and Industry Outlook: Drivers of Growth:
OECD (2002c), Measuring the Information Economy, OECD, Paris OECD (2002d), â€oealternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) online mechanisms for SME cross-border
Mattersâ€, The Journal of Industrial Economics, December, pp. 541-558 Statistics Canada (2001), The 2000 Survey of Electronic commerce and Technology
2. 1 Description of e-commerce in the economy...6 2. 2 The regulatory framework...8
one of the measures which can boost economic growth and drive forward the Internal Market of the 21st century.
studies, participation in conferences, interviews with stakeholders and the deliberations of the expert group on e-commerce etc
E-commerce and online services are some of the most significant innovations in the economy in recent decades and have precipitated an evolution in the legal framework for doing
2. 1 Description of e-commerce in the economy Online services play an increasingly important role in the everyday life of EU citizens.
grow substantially, even in the current economic crisis. It plays an important role in B2b exchanges as 27%of European enterprises purchase online and 13%sell online.
From a wider perspective, the internet economy has generated 21%of the GDP growth of the
24 How the Internet is transforming the economy, a series of studies by the Boston Consulting Group
in France since 2000.25 Overall, the Internet economy creates 2. 6 jobs for every job
stakeholders took the opposite view and identified the present copyright situation within the EU as a major barrier to the availability of content beyond the national borders and the
on economic activities. However, it is not possible to directly measure the share of employment, GDP,
the progress of online services in the European economy. Some data are available in private research institutes,
Private stakeholders can submit comments, thereby assisting the Commission and national authorities in identifying possible trade barriers at an early stage
Stakeholders, by means of the public consultation on e-commerce, indicated that these provisions are essential for the provision of intermediary activities.
"This stakeholder further stated that in the absence of liability exceptions, offering a video-sharing site would probably be too great a commercial
consultation on e-commerce indicated that a wide variety of stakeholders face a high degree of regulatory uncertainty about the application of the intermediary liability regime of the E
obstacles that have been raised by stakeholders, the interpretation of the Directive by national judges and the state of EU law.
but also by some ISPS and other stakeholders. The underlying argument is twofold •On the one hand, it is argued that it would not be legitimate
"Stakeholders sometimes defend a differentiated approach on the basis that the means by which actual knowledge can be obtained depends on the kind of illegal activity or
Some stakeholders who defend the first interpretation (actual knowledge can only be obtained through a court order) make an exception for child pornography or manifestly racist
stakeholders expressed concerns that ISPS would be reluctant to take voluntary measures to prevent illegality as this could make it more difficult to claim an absence of actual knowledge
117 Some stakeholders, in particular intermediaries, therefore suggested that the Commission should propose a so-called"Good samaritan clause".
Some stakeholders expressed fear that defining"expeditious"could increase pressure on ISPS to take down content on notice even before correctly assessing the alleged
Some stakeholders (and national judgments) consider that the extent to which information or activity is manifestly illegal seems to be essential.
according to some stakeholders, be interpreted as selecting or modifying. Recital 43 of the Directive provides in this regard that the requirement of not
Rightsboosting creativity and innovation to provide economic growth, high quality jobs and first class products and services in Europe, COM (2011) 287 24.05.2011;
stakeholders, but result from the unilateral policy of individual companies In the responses to the public consultation, some stakeholders, in particular civil rights
organisations, complained about a lack of transparency and democratic oversight with the policies of individual companies.
Some stakeholders are worried that intermediaries are in a position, for the sake of simplicity and to avoid liability
According to a majority of stakeholders that responded to the public consultation, NTD procedures are fragmented heavily and this forms an important barrier to the Digital Single
Certain stakeholders also consider it socially undesirable that the takedown of manifestly illegal information (for
"Many stakeholders consider it important that the provider of allegedly illegal information should be given the opportunity to submit a counter-notice
stakeholders, offering the possibility of submitting a counter notice is perhaps not appropriate in the context of manifestly illegal information.
Some stakeholders consider that intermediaries should not be held liable for taking down"illegal"information if it turns out that the
136 Moore/Clayton, The Impact of Incentives on Notice and Takedown, Seventh Workshop on the Economics of
Many stakeholders consider that the legitimacy of private operators deciding on the takedown of content without the intervention of a court depends on the extent to which the alleged
illegal information is manifestly illegal (see Chapter 3. 4. 3. 1). For instance, many stakeholders do not consider that the intervention of a court is required to takedown manifest child
Other stakeholders, in particular intermediaries, also favour a focus on prevention, but in the form of offering attractive
Stakeholders to be consulted include Member States, internet intermediaries, right holders, child protection organisations, civil rights organisations and citizens in general
stakeholders on the effectiveness and efficiency of filtering techniques ten years after the 142 BGH, 19.04.2007, ref. no.
A wide variety of stakeholders mentioned several disadvantages of filtering techniques and confirmed that Article 15 is still relevant today
A variety of stakeholders raised concerns about significant traffic speed reductions as a result of certain filtering techniques.
Second, stakeholders also expressed concerns about the costs associated with filtering techniques. ISPS tend to argue that implementing filtering techniques would be a significant
Third, a variety of stakeholders raised concerns about tensions between the protection of fundamental rights and filtering techniques.
Europe (2010) its intention to create a stakeholder platform by 2012 for EU online trustmarks
policy makers, stakeholders and experts to carefully analyse the implementation process for setting up the EU trustmark scheme. 149
the costs and benefits of (different models) for setting up an EU online trustmark stakeholder
personal data have become essential factors in the online economy. 150 Professional players are aggregating massive amounts of data for professional use, in particular for behavioural
exchange of views between policy-makers and respective stakeholders and analyse the steps required to improve E-commerce,
Business representatives indicated in the public consultation that today's internet economy and in particular the transformation of the Internet from web 1. 0 to web 2. 0 have been
Boosting creativity and innovation to provide economic growth, high quality jobs and first class products and services in Europe, COM (2011) 287 final, 24.05.2011, available at
relevant stakeholders and finding workable solutions to resolve outstanding issues that should lay the ground for comprehensive legislative action at EU level by 2012.
Affairs, was appointed to take up the mission of mediator to lead the process of stakeholder dialogue on
Mr. Vitorino's task will be to moderate stakeholder discussions with the objective of exploring possible approaches to harmonisation of both the methodology used to impose levies and the
involving the stakeholders most concerned by this phenomenon (right holders and internet platforms. In this context, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed by
months, these stakeholders will review and measure progress under the auspices of the Commission services.
Stakeholders in the responses to the public consultation on the future of electronic commerce in the Internal Market and the implementation of the ECD also raised the issue of the
stakeholders responding to the public consultations expressed their concerns about manufacturers imposing"brick and mortar"requirements on their distributors when engaging
A large majority of stakeholders confirmed the need for regulatory measures regarding the mutual recognition and acceptance of e-identification and
stakeholders involved. The proposed measures aim at making e-invoicing the predominant method of invoicing by 2020
-stakeholder e-invoicing fora and to entrust them with the task to develop a national strategy
-Stakeholder Forum on e-invoicing†to identify common hurdles and remedies for e-invoicing in Europe, to exchange best practices and to coordinate actions at Member State level
-stakeholder forum, take action to encourage the maximum use of e-invoices exchange 4. 6 Delivery
252 Copenhagen Economics, Main developments in the postal sector 2008-2010,29. 11.2010, pp. 85-91
and should include all stakeholders involved (e g. delivery operators; e -retailers; customers; other stakeholders With regard to the complaints procedures in case of lost items, theft and delay, it becomes
imperative that Article 19 of the Postal services Directive and the user's possibility to complain to the postal service provider is implemented efficiently and that adequate
sustainable economy. Though research is still rather in its infancy, available empirical evidence shows that the digital economy has positive effects on the environment
Economy Act 2010 Articles 14-18 Decree-Law 7/2004 Royal Decree on the functioning
2. 1 Description of e-commerce in the economy 2. 2 The regulatory framework 2. 2. 1 The E-commerce Directive
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