political leaders to set policies that undermine competitiveness and sap economic growth. Business is caught in a vicious
which involves creating economic value in a way that also creates value for society by addressing its needs and challenges.
of innovation and productivity growth in the global economy. It will also reshape capitalism and its relationship to society
That is in part because economists have legitimized the idea that to provide societal benefits, companies must temper their economic success. In neoclassical thinking, a requirement
and nutritious meals to students daily†and does so at a higher gross margin than traditional
while earning a substantial gross margin through fertilizer sales and carbon credits The blurring of the boundary between successful for-profits
but the return will be greater economic value and broader strategic benefits for all participants The Roots of Shared Value
especially in a global economy where facilities and jobs can easily move elsewhere. NGOS and governments have not always appreciated this connection
Facing growing competition and shorter-term performance pressures from shareholders managers resorted to waves of restructuring, personnel reductions,
Companies can create economic value by creating societal value. There are three distinct ways to do this: by reconceiving
The ability to create shared value applies equally to advanced economies and developing countries, though the specific
Arguably, they are the greatest unmet needs in the global economy. In business we have spent decades learning how to parse
In advanced economies, demand for products and services that meet societal needs is rapidly growing.
evolves, economies develop, and societal priorities shift. An ongoing exploration of societal needs will lead companies to
in media-dark regions, creating major economic value for the company Employee productivity The focus on holding down wage levels, reducing benefits,
innovate and unlock new economic value that most businesses have missed Enabling Local Cluster Development No company is self-contained.
Clusters are prominent in all successful and growing regional economies and play a crucial role in driving productivity
participants and the local economy. Workforce development initiatives, for example, increase the supply of skilled employees for many other firms as well
The benefits of cluster building apply not only in emerging economies but also in advanced countries. North Carolina†s
The opportunity to create economic value through creating societal value will be one of the most powerful forces driving growth in the global economy.
This thinking represents a new way of understanding customers productivity, and the external influences on corporate success. It highlights the immense human needs to be met, the large
The foundation carefully focuses on commodities where climate and soil conditions give a particular region a true competitive advantage.
well connected to the goals of all stakeholders, and tracked with clear metrics Governments and NGOS can enable
develop and introduce new products and processes in a way consistent with the economics of their business.
Companies will come to understand that the right kind of regulation can actually foster economic value creation Finally, regulation will be needed to limit the pursuit of exploitative, unfair,
charity but out of a deeper understanding of competition and economic value creation. This next evolution in the capitalist
but self-interested behavior to create economic value by creating societal value. If all companies individually pursued shared value connected to their particular businesses, society†s overall interests
and expertise of the company to create economic value by creating social value In both cases, compliance with laws and ethical standards and reducing harm from corporate activities are
effects of regulation and macroeconomics. And finance will need to rethink how capital markets can actually support true value
qualitative and do not depart from economic value creation. Instead, they represent the next stage in our understanding of
enterprises is called multi-stakeholder analysis It would be incorrect to see social innovation as a new or isolated concept or as a
To quote the social economy Strasbourg Declaration of 16 january 2014:''Europe's social model needs to reinvent itself.
organisations, national governments and other stakeholders active in the collective awareness projects and social innovation projects
Bureau of Economic policy Advisors to draft a report on social innovation as driver for social change,
and environmental sphere (Social Economy & Social Entrepreneurship, 2013 The Innovation Union supports social innovation,
management of personal data and the potential economic value of users activities on social networks and the engagement and security issues of CAPS
economic value. In contrast, the social innovator†s projects are driven primarily by social values, which take into account the different ways in which the projects affect the lives of
framework is based on a quali-quantitative multi-stakeholders approach, which engages projects coordinators, their partners, project users and European citizens.
2. Secondly, they will select their stakeholders and end-users in this way describing â€oewho†will benefit from the project outputs
January 2014, a report for the use of European stakeholders, including citizens. These actions will make possible to better evaluate the investments made so far;
but that ultimately it is stakeholder engagement that makes the difference to sustainable social innovation
to a pervasive, omnipresent backbone for society and the economy. In my eyes its main
CAPS Stakeholders and End users 24 Synergies between Projects 28 Collective Awareness Platforms 31 4. Starting Out 46
but is created co by different stakeholders who share the knowledge, risk and benefits of the innovation.
economics and socially responsible companies, can be of use for people in order to just find the information they need.
economy are oriented towards the creation of and the engagement with effective experiments of social innovation, promoting their scalability and transferability
Such social innovation experiments should try to be increasingly multi-stakeholder, with a community-wide participation at the local and European level, as well as being oriented
Studied extensively in economics, the network effect has also been used to analyse company behaviour, showing how being em
any discipline dealing with human social organisations (e g. law, economics, anthropology sociology, history. In many cases, the focus has been on understanding the trajectories of the
that can be used by all interested stakeholders Project Acronym Project Full Title Project Website DECARBONET
†Contribute to a low-carbon economy, for instance by lending, exchanging and reusing goods at scale, across geographic boundaries (collaborative consumption
concrete is to define the targeted stakeholders and end users. This choice consequently defines the language, the engaging levers, the scale and the tools of a collective awareness
Stakeholders are persons and organisations interested in the project activities and outcomes. At the bottom line we find end users,
Stakeholders and End users'describes the typologies of stakeholders and end users addressed by CAPS projects to date
CAPS Stakeholders and End users †Stakeholders Stakeholders are organisations, categories of people or individuals who have an interest
in the CAPS projects and their outputs. This section treats stakeholders and end users separately. Even though end users are also project stakeholders,
the distinction is that end users use the project outputs directly, while stakeholders benefit from project outputs in
an indirect way. Stakeholders will be informed of the project's progress and can, to a certain
extent, influence the development of the projects Stakeholders will tend to belong to one of the following four groups:
research, business, civic society, and policy and government On the right-hand page is a figure visualising the main stakeholders of the CAPS projects
†End users CAPS projects raise awareness among their users and mobilise different categories of users
Below is a list of possible users; the same person can of course belong to more than one
category. The list illustrates the diversity of topics and social issues touched by CAPS projects
CAPS Stakeholders 26 †Citizens and initiatives active in commons-based peer production and sharing economy (e g.
Wikipedia †Users of online communities interested in knowing more about their data and in
personal data and its potential economic value. The results of the project can be beneficial for many CAPS initiatives and will generate interesting synergies at the level of research
more in depth, precise analysis of the solutions they offer to their stakeholders will only be possible later on in the projects'development lifecycle.
and made available to stakeholders through various exploitation strategies. The term 'innovation'is used here with reference to both totally new outputs, such as products and
information dashboards†serving the needs of only a few senior stakeholders. CAPS projects provide different types of social innovation analytics together with the visualisations needed
or the connection between personal data, economic value, and currencies (USEMP. Moreover, assessment of the CAPS projects themselves is key to
The transformation of societies and economies following the diffusion of digital technologies, with increases in productivity, the redistribution of international divisions of
has questioned the way the world economy has been organised, the way business can be done, and the way income and wealth are
citizen and economy by linking it to the Internet of things (Iot), sensor network and cloude services in order to support open online social media and distributed knowledge co
†CAPS2020 liaises with all CAPS stakeholders, including organisations developing similar projects in other regions of the world.
-stakeholder multi-disciplinary('wicked')problems such as sustainability, climate change policy, complex product design, and so on 13.
innovation, smart communities, resilient societies and economies, deploying ad hoc networks of citizen experts around client's needs
the perceptions of various stakeholders, and to identify and track emerging trends 30. Metamaps http://metamaps. c/Metamaps. cc is a free and open-source web
situation or issue, the players and stakeholders involved, and the objectives to be pursued through the solution
The problem may involve a single sector of the society or different types of stakeholders
of the stakeholders involved. This requires eliciting the most deeply valued needs of the various subgroups, each in its own context,
†Other Stakeholders Proposing solutions for specific groups†issues is not only a technical matter in the CAPS
Other stakeholders influence and can also be influenced by any change triggered by a technological development.
The role of these stakeholders, such as policy makers or regulators, must be taken into account through a participatory research approach
see chapter'CAPS Stakeholders and End-users '†But What is Engagement Both in the dictionary and in the context of CAPS, the term'engagement'has
When involving stakeholders in a CAPS initiative, this element mixed with others (practical arrangements, power situations, etc
could make it difficult for stakeholders themselves to articulate their feelings and preferences consistently, or completely and accurately.
It is vital that the dialogue with stakeholders is given the highest priority, as it is this dialogue
engagement of the stakeholders, as in the SCICAFE2. 0 project The first goal is to support shared meaning and deeper understanding of the values
and trade-off tipping points of each stakeholder group in each relevant context of their exposure to the problem situation
of the dynamic relationship that can develop between the stakeholders and the solution as illustrated in Figure 7 below
Solution Acceptance, Rejection and (Misappropriation Cycles by Stakeholders 64 For example as per UI-REF-based requirements of co-design and evaluation criteria which
of collective awareness platforms as a technical divide can allow users and stakeholders to exert an influence on the other layers
Society, economy, and even human psychology itself are undergoing an irreversible change, which we as citizens and
and economy solutions, such as crowdfunding for social good projects (104 The network analysis shows that although there are few very active organisations
the collaborative economy, cities and public services; open tools and distributed architectures; and citizen engagement and direct democracy
economic value is understood relatively well, yet its potential for solving large-scale social challenges remains largely untapped.
such as Avaaz and parts of the collaborative economy and the maker movement. Yet services that exist to help communities collaborate on problems that may not fit in tra
economy;( (4) new ways of making;(5) open democracy; and (6) acceleration and incubation. Crowdmapping DSI organisations and their activities:
Collaborative economy Awarness network Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Open Hardware Organisations M or
Collaborative economy Awarness network Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Open Hardware Organisations M or
the collaborative economy, local exchange and trading systems, digital currencies, and awareness networks that incentivise experimentation with new models in a variety of domains.
economic value, but that result in large -scale social impact. At the present mo -ment, the Internet offers unprecedented
involves society and the economy, driven by the fast evolution of ICT. More than five billion additional people will connect
with the multi-stakeholder governance model Avoiding anti-competitive dynamics and lock in would engage all particapents in the value chain
Health and Wellbeing, Finance and Economy, Energy and Environment, Education and Skills, Culture and Arts, Work and Employment, Participation and Democracy, Neighbourhood Regeneration, Science
Economy Open Democracy Funding Acceleration and Incubation The organisations and projects identified to date can roughly be grouped within
-racy,(3) The collaborative economy 4) Awareness networks enabling sustainable behaviours and lifestyles,(5 Open Access and (6) funding, accelera
The collaborative economy †and the many other umbrella terms used to describe the rise of digital marketplaces for people to make transactions and share skills, assets and
The Collaborative Economy has been documented by organisations like the P2p Foundation, Nesta, and Ouishare Across the world the burgeoning field of collaborative consumption is using digital
ECONOMY New collaborative socioeconomic models that present novel characteristics, and enable people to share skills, knowledge, food
Ouishare SHARING ECONOMY NETWORK Ouishare is a global collaborative consumption network founded in January 2012.
the focus of the economy to one that can find new ways to connect, create and share on the web.
two primary activities, Ouishare. net and collaborative economy events. Ouishare. net is an online community where members
which brings together the global collaborative economy community. The 2014 event took place in Paris
the collaborative economy In parallel thousands of alternative currencies are in use †some focused on localities
economies work †for example, valorising labour time equally, or linking currencies to data. In East Africa the development of M-PESA (a mobile financial payment system born
Goteo SHARING ECONOMY NETWORK A vibrant ecosystem of makers is developing across Europe and globally.
in real world settings with all relevant stakeholders: citizens, companies and scientific institutions One interesting example of an Urban Lab is the Barcelona Urban Lab. It was created
and sharing economy platforms likeâ Peerbyâ Â are creating new forms of relationships and services.
inclusive processes of decision-making amongst key stakeholders OPEN STANDARD BODYTHE World wide web Consortium (W3c The ability to access knowledge
commons-based knowledge economy. The project is a joint research effort sponsored by the Coordinating Ministry
Finance and Economy Energy and Environment Participation and Democracy Smart public services Science and technology Education and skills
Collaborative economy Awarness network TECHNOLOGY AREAS Open Hardware Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Arduino
Finance and Economy Energy and Environment Participation and Democracy Smart public services Science and technology Education and skills
Collaborative economy Awarness network TECHNOLOGY AREAS Open Hardware Open Networks Open Knowledge Open Data Arduino
-laborative economy and open knowledge is the specialty of the second largest †but also more scattered †community (7. 41
economy and society by complementing the telecommunications regulatory en -vironment, modernising copyright rules simplifying rules for consumers making
to help the EU economy become more competitive, based on sustainable and inclusive growth fuelled by energy and
democracy, and the collaborative economy These platforms based on open technol -ogy can gather and integrate information
agents (stakeholders in a broad sense including implementers and decision makers The Futurium platform is based on the
stakeholders in the poliy making process Besides the standard tools available in most social networks, Futurium participa
the Mayor has designed programmes for the sharing economy and citizen engagement. Colombia set up a centre
-ment and economic growth for the area of Barcelona35 69growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe
new solutions to reduce unemployment and minimise its corrosive effects on the economy and society.
when it is perceived as fair by all stakeholders, seeking the right balance between the interests
Commission estimates the economic value of the PSI market at approximately â 40 billion per annum. The 2013 revision of the
economies. New forms of data control and data collective ownership by citizens should be encouraged. For instance, in the UK, the government backedâ Midataâ pro
therefore allowing for innovation in the wider economy based on the Future Internet users must be able to come (no barriers to entry)
engaging effectively in multi-stakeholder processes Distributed and open architectures Community and bottom-up networking 5. 3 RESEARCH AND INNOVATION SUPPORT
key stakeholders, such as domain experts and possible purchasers of the service to establish what social challenges need to be addressed and how
a. Collaborative economy b. Digital social innovation in cities and public services c. Open tools and distributed architectures
for cities, regions, health authorities and universities to pilot large-scale DSI experiments around collaborative economy, direct
Within the single digital social market it should be easier for digital social innovations such as collaborative economy and crowd
/making-sense-uk-collaborative-economy Manchester Institute of Innovation Research Compendium of Evidence on Innovation Policy
3. Social entrepreneurship, social enterprises, social economy: what is the difference 2. Upscale social innovation into public policies 17
4. The social economy 29 5. Microfinance 34 6. Health and ageing 37 7. Incubation 41
Economy was producing wealth, society was spending. In the 21st century economy, this is not true
anymore. Sectors like health, social services and education have a tendency to grow, in GDP percentage as well as in creating employment,
development and changes in relations between institutions and stakeholders. Many EU approaches that involve †stakeholders†are attempting to move in this direction such as
involve widening the range of stakeholders and deepening their engagement in deliberative planning In the Social Innovation Camp, an inter disciplinary group brings together software designers and
stakeholders and users, in a participatory way. Their programme"La Transfo"has installed already social innovation laboratories in a number of French regions. http://www. la27eregion. fr
Europe 2020, the EU's leading strategy, aims at a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy.
currency, economy and social model. Perhaps at no time since the 1940s has social innovation been
ï It is capable of integrating various stakeholders to tackle this jointly, through new ways of
As the regional level is close to the local and regional economy and social tissue, with its place-based
http://www. economist. com/node/16789766 12 Storper, 1997; Malmberg and Maskell, 1997 12 ï
EU economy in terms of GDP loss is estimated to be between â 20 billion for the 2. 5â°C
•The EU has set itself some ambitions targets to become a low-carbon economy, known
leading social innovation lab into reality †making a difference in the real economy Social innovation as such is not new13.
3. Social entrepreneurship, social enterprises, social economy: what is the difference Social innovations can come from both the public and the private sector.
social enterprises or the social economy, it is most helpful to think of them as overlapping but
ï Social enterprises are driven not solely by the need to maximise profit for shareholders and
objective is to achieve social impact rather than generating profit for owners and shareholders which operates in the market through the production of goods and services in an entrepreneurial
customers and stakeholders affected by its business activity. †23 Basically, this covers enterprises for which the social or societal objective of the common good is the reason for
ï Finally, there are frequent confusions between the terms social enterprise and social economy Social enterprises are part of the social economy,
which also includes foundations, charities and cooperatives. Social enterprises are businesses trading for social purposes, within the (social
economy In a discussion on social innovation it is worth summing up by saying that not all social enterprises
4. The social economy 5. Microfinance 6. Health and ageing 7. Incubation 8. Workplace innovation
from the Social Economy network in The netherlands, Belgium and Germany the funds were raised to meet the matching requirements of EU ERDF (OP Zuid) and national grant arrangements
organisations and other stakeholders Funding comes out of the EU funded Competitiveness programme for 2007-13 under a specific
promoting the local economy; forming a link between the neighbourhood, city and other levels of decision-aking;
The neighbourhoods work with a wide range of stakeholders but the strongest emphasis is on
The Local Support Group has a wide range of stakeholders including the municipality and municipal
4. The social economy Social enterprises can play a unique role in identifying unmet needs and in developing new types of
According to the EU Social Business Initiative, the social economy employs over 11 million people in the EU, accounting for 6%of total employment.
The social economy can clearly play a role in regional development. The Emilia romagna region recently published a study on the importance of the social economy for territorial and social
cohesion. Its main conclusions are that public policies are the fruit of the combined contribution of
public authorities and social economy organisations in the provision of public utility services, in which the joint participation of both players is an essential requirement to ensure quality;
with the civil society and stakeholders. 42 The social economy and social entrepreneurship are also a tool for social inclusion.
They often provide employment opportunities for people facing disadvantages or provide social services and/or goods and services to persons in risk of poverty or exclusion.
-economy/social-enterprises/index en. htm 30 generate rental income that cross subsidises their other operations (e g. local development trusts
mobilise extra funds targeted at the development of the social economy and the promotion of social
The social economy has different traditions in different parts and Member States of Europe. Some
solidary economy as they call it. They are gearing up with social innovation in its"newer"meaning
social economy, and thus help to find new answers to unmet needs in fields like employment
Kiã t aims to support Roma to work in the formal economy by starting up a business.
Health is a major sector of the economy in its own right and one of the fastest growing sectors.
stakeholders, bringing together public services and private enterprises The Living Lab on Wellbeing Services and Technology,
The new collaborative structure consists of different stakeholders such as municipalities, suppliers citizens, the third sector, universities, regional developers, specialists, financiers and regional
sustainable economy driven by innovative entrepreneurship, which creates value for people and planet ï Innovation & Action Lab (BE)( http://www
to support the area†s move from heavy industry to an information and knowledge based economy
Workplace innovation concerns not only the private sector but also large parts of the social economy such as charities and foundations as well as the the public sector. Celebrated examples include
innovation linked to the social economy and/or work organisation, but also various forms of incubation, co-creation with citizens, initiatives in the health and care sector, etc. come in. 76
they integrate workplace innovation, social dialogue and support to the social economy as key elements. 79
which is capable to integrate various stakeholders to address social needs and societal challenges. Similarly, growing social problems more often have to be solved with fewer
Effective partnership means that all stakeholders †national or regional authorities, social partners, civil society-can influence
stakeholders with the best competences to address a specific need, and establishing transparent and accountable monitoring arrangements
funds by all stakeholders, simplification80 is supposed to enable access through favourable technical and administrative conditions.
Thematic objective (4) supporting the shift towards a low-carbon economy in all sectors a) promoting the production and distribution of renewable energy sources
Is there a strong involvement of stakeholders and users ï Up-scaling. Is the impact of the project or programme measured?
ï involvement of stakeholders 88 BEPA definition: Social innovations are innovations that are social in both their ends and their means
bring various stakeholders together, put forward strategic thinking and support the generation of fresh ideas to overcome societal and social challenges
3. 2. 1. The social economy...37 3. 2. 2. Microfinance...39 3. 2. 3. Incubation...
3. 4. Social entrepreneurship to revive the social economy...49 4. Conclusion: scanning the future to shape the future...
3. 3. 2. 6. Multi-stakeholder platform for corporate social responsibility...118 3. 3. 2. 7. Policy innovation design...
-rent economic system of redistribution y the 2013 International Labour Organisation report2 notes that, in advanced econ
-es, where the Social Business Initiative (SBI) is supported by a permanent stakeholders group (GECES) and a list of 11 actions to be followed up.
economy organisations, the banking and finance sector and the academic and uni -versity sector play an active part in the consultative multi-stakeholders group set
up by the Commission in 201210 and large groups of citizens all over the world are
services to users and involve stakeholders; and y last but not least, ideas, the third corner of the action triangle, have developed also
and the views of stakeholders. Empirical research has helped to identify where change is happening and needs to be encouraged.
The rise of the collaborative economy †from Airbnb (the social networking service for bed and breakfast) to car sharing
y First, in the reconfiguration of the economy which is currently taking place under the influence of network giants, how is Europe to take advantage of open and col
better and more social innovation to engage stakeholders, citizens, geeks and civil society communities in the innovation process cannot be neglected.
collaboration between the public and private sectors, based on a multi-stakeholder model, in order to define the minimum level of sensible regulation allowing fair competition in the emerging areas of big data
idea was to find a renewed impetus for a laissez-faire market-based economy, rejecting the centrally planned
In other words, market economics and social security do not exclude each other but which comes first? Two different schools of thought gave a different meaning to this
economy was the conceptual framework for the †German economic miracle†and deemed critical for ensuring economic †prosperity for all†and social justice.
ideals of freedom, social justice and economic growth are now being revisited. 19 This short history of the term gives some idea of its heuristic but ambiguous mean
as pointed out by The Economist, 20 the †social market economy†broadly refers to the study of the different social institutions
this driver be geared solely to economic growth or should it serve the goals of social as well as economic cohesion?
market and the social dimensions of an integrated European economy can be mutually strengthened. â€
20 http://www. economist. com/economics-a-to-z/s#node-21529660 21 Article 3 of the Treaty on European union states:
for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment and social progress,
-proaches and acquired interests in the sphere of the social economy, and different un -derstandings in Europe of what constitutes a social enterprise or business.
terms such as social economy, third sector, nonprofit sector, social enterprise and social entrepreneur, some of which are also ill-defined and overlapping.
-logical and economic systems. The concept of an ecosystem †which in biology refers to an environment where different, sometimes competing, species can complement each
involving stakeholders and end users can often double or treble the impact of budgets and or investments
-tion of social economy like Italy and France, a variety of well-established tools have been
In itself, this study is a resource for policymakers, social entrepreneurs and stakeholders in social business in general as it provides timely information on when, where and how
-pean economies and societies has been underlined in many EU documents. 39 The Guide to Social Innovation, published in 2013,
a new competitive advantage for European economies, showing that social and environ -mental value creation is central to the human and ecological sustainability of societies
post-crisis economy Both micro-level measurement (how successfully a social enterprise is contributing to this goal) and macro-level measurement (social enterprises grow in an ecosystem com
of the Commission†s consultative multi-stakeholder group on social enterprise (GECES 55 As illustrated in part 2 of this document
2) identify stakeholders; 3) set relevant measurement; 4) measure, validate and value; 5) report, learn and improve
All stages should involve active stakeholder engagement. In particular, the number and range of indicators should be agreed between the social enterprise, beneficiaries or
The dynamics of involving all stakeholders (from investors to service users is designed to maintain the balance between the overriding need to deliver measurable
in particular in raising awareness and facilitating stakeholder engagement. This idea is reinforced by the opinion on social impact measurement of the European Economic and
y the development and consolidation of measurement frameworks with stakeholder participation y the development of reporting formats;
In the wake of demands from stakeholders, the issue of social innovation and its econom
The press has echoed more than usual to the financing of the social economy in general but also to associated financial innovations such as social impact bonds
-ernise European economies and their social model to meet societal expectations. Public sector innovation as a positive way to respond to budget constraints has indeed, for
groups of stakeholders and the broader public in a comprehensive way The point that comes to the fore is that this report is a stocktaking exercise,
where stakeholders can more easily be mobilised on concrete issues. In order to scan the scope of empirical develop
3. 2. 1. The social economy According to the EU Social Business Initiative, the social economy employs over 11 mil
-lion people in the EU, accounting for 6%of total employment. It covers bodies with a
The social economy can clearly play a role in regional development. For instance, the Emilia romagna region has published a study on the importance of the social economy
73 Jane Jenson and Dennis Harrisson in Social innovation research in the European union †Approaches, findings
fruit of the combined contribution of public authorities and social economy organisa -tions in the provision of public utility services, in which the joint participation of both
established with civil society and stakeholders The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) supports the development of social
funds targeted at the development of the social economy and the promotion of social entrepreneurship and easily accessible for social enterprises
The social economy has different traditions in different parts and Member States of Europe. Some countries, like France, have a strong tradition of †à conomie sociale et sol
a call for proposals with the aim to accelerate social innovation in the social economy and thus help to find new answers to unmet needs in fields like employment, housing
Kiã t aims to support Roma to work in the formal economy by starting up a business.
economy such as charities and foundations as well as the public sector. Celebrated examples include Google, which allows employees to spend 20%of their time on their
economy, education, culture Portugal has to restore economic growth, employment, and make long-term structural reforms at all levels, but
especially at institutional and economic levels (public sector, public services, competition, etc To help address this challenge,
Via support from the Social Economy network in The netherlands, Belgium and Germany, the funds were raised to meet the matching requirements of EU ERDF (OP Zuid) and national grant
and other stakeholders The neighbourhood management offices work on a wide range of tasks which include stimulating networking
economy; forming a link between the neighbourhood, city and other levels of decision-making; and developing
The new collaborative structure consists of different stakeholders such as municipalities, suppliers, citizens, the third sector, universities, regional developers, specialists, financiers and regional, national and international networks
-vited a range of stakeholders to participate in the development of a vision for sus
Most of them consider social innovation to be linked to the social economy and /or work organisation,
the social economy Beyond the priority measures in its short-term action plan, the Social Business Initiative
-trepreneurs and supporters representing the rich diversity of the social economy came together to affirm that social enterprises must play a bigger role in the future of Europe
notably where the social economy is developed less 7. The Commission, the Member States and regions must boost cooperation between social enterprises across
various social economy stakeholders and supporters of social enterprise To further unlock the potential of this sector,
among mainstream innovation corporations and public and private stakeholders. This was particularly clear during the annual EU Innovation Convention 2014.90
Europe†s economy is expected to continue its decline, and policymakers should focus on a †new growth paradigm†centred on
which should continue to increase in advanced economies and to further develop in China. In Europe, however, R&d expenses will decrease notably because of the increase in China,
economy, the report argues that the real challenge for European policymakers will be to break the trend of rising poverty risks, increasing income inequality and long
-term unemployment without relying on economic growth as a panacea. Investing in health and education, preferably as early as possible (e g. through early childhood
/stakeholders on the scene (NGOS, civil society, business associations, etc. and new forms of communication will be necessary
Public, private and social economy organisations will be encouraged by investors, funders, and governments to produce social value results in the long
-nomic, environmental and social issues) will become mainstream in the social economy From grants to investment:
y What is also at stake is the emergence of a different conception of the economy, a
shared economy that is not focused exclusively on growth y Finally, empowering the citizen remains at the very heart of social innovation issues
socially sustainable economy and changes inherent to the digital age. Social innovation found fertile ground in this new context as a public policy concept and as a movement
these, the European Semester95 is a yearly cycle of economic policy coordination involving EU-level policy guidance by the European commission and Council, reform commitments
-riously tighten their economic policy coordination. The new governance arrangements indirectly impact on social innovation as it becomes part of the solution for the modern
Initiative are designed to address the social economy, whereas the Social Investment Package (SIP) brings fresh impetus to social policy
which aim to make the EU economy more efficient (a resource-efficient Europe, an in
a resource-efficient and low-carbon economy, provides a long-term framework for embedding the smarter use of resources as a principle to take into account in the
-mation of the European energy system into an almost CO2-emission free economy -80/95%),which the EU aims to achieve by 2050.
four major roadmaps (moving to a competitive low-carbon economy, a Single Europe -an transport area and a resource-efficient transport system,
are first its reliance on the cooperation of stakeholders, starting with consumers, as described in 1. 3. b,
-ly exploit the benefits that an economy can generate. Mutual societies, cooperatives third-sector organisations in general and social business are an integral part of this wid
-er economy and, while this initiative does not explicitly mention social innovation or flag it up as a priority, it entails crucial elements to create a better regulatory and financial
economy which may be prime movers on social innovation In addition, the Industrial Policy flagship initiative emphasises workplace innovation
It is important to remember that Europe†s economy represents 500 million people 200 million jobs and 20 million companies and that cooperatives, mutual societies and
y involving the social partners in examining how the knowledge economy can be spread to all occupational levels and all sectors and in particular for proposals on
socially innovative processes to foster the cooperation of all the stakeholders on a par -ticular issue at different levels of government. 107
issues and the stakeholders This initiative, through its focus on young people, has brought together a set of EU
economy. Social business is where it is developed most often 1. 1. 6. The agenda for new skills and jobs
and jobs in the social economy as well as in other purely commercial sectors. In par -ticular, developing specific skills for the third sector, hybrid organisations management
facilitate a partnership approach between stakeholders (civil society, social partners Member States This flagship initiative identified commitments for the Commission in five areas, two of
Promoting a partnership approach to the social economy Actions under the European Platform against Poverty for Working in partnership
social economy are l Measures to improve the quality of the legal structures relating to foundations, mutual societies and co
The social economy is addressed in the Innovation Union flagship initiative, 113 in the Sin -gle Market Act I114 and II, 115 in the Employment Package Towards a job-rich recovery116
economy at large. Social enterprises seek to serve the community†s interest (social societal, environmental objectives) rather
been disseminated to national stakeholders. The framework also requires the tested approaches to be scaled up. The
The commitment ceiling amounts to 1. 00%of EU Gross National income (GNI) compared to 1. 12
EUR 351.8 billion to invest in Europe†s regions, cities and the real economy. It is the EU€ s principle investment tool
Taking into account the financial and economic crisis which has accentuated the gap be -tween the important long-term returns on human capital and social investments on the
innovation, the social economy and social entrepreneurship With a view to that challenge, the Social Investment Package (SIP) has encouraged
economy in rural areas. They should strengthen the links between agriculture, food production, forestry and research and innovation
community, including those on the margins of economic growth. LEADER also encourages interregional and cross-border cooperation and joint action between rural areas
of national rural networks in each Member State in order to increase the involvement of stakeholders, improve the
resource-efficient circular economy. It includes innovations in terms of products, technol -ogies, business models but also social innovations.
event on social entrepreneurship and the social economy. During this two-day event attended about 2000 participants, a collaborative,
-ommendations for the sustainable development of the social economy. This declaration represents the views of stakeholders from the social enterprise sector.
At the time of writing, it had been signed by more than 800 people. 144 Open days for regional policy145
-ernments and stakeholders together to network on regional policies issues, create part -nerships and learn to work together.
and private stakeholders (policymakers, NGOS, social entrepreneurs, academics) and contributed to in depth discussions on the role of social policy innovation and social in
social†while a fringe event was organised by social innovation stakeholders to discuss social innovation and the social economy as a solid response to the need for job creation
The culture forum Every two years, cultural policymakers, stakeholders, artists, cultural professions and citizens meet at this forum in a variety of formats:
plenary panels, short flash sessions and a new format called †Vox pops†in which citizens contribute their ideas on culture
the economy while safeguarding Europe†s social model In July 2013 the Bureau of European Policy Advisers held a high-level seminar on pub
stakeholders in a focused way through expert groups and networks or else they adopt a wider as well as more experimental approach to using new participatory tools of a digi
-perts de la Commission sur l†Entrepreneuriat Social)- This multi-stakeholder group was set up for six years (2012-18) to advise
-pean stakeholders and representatives from all the Member States and EU Institutions plus observers from other European countries.
The Grand Coalition for Digital Jobs154 is a leading multi-stakeholder partnership launched in March 2013 to tackle the lack of ICT skills and the several hundred unfilled
-lished as a pilot partnership between all the stakeholders concerned, to increase the av -erage healthy lifespan in the EU by two years by 2020 and at the same time to pro
it is driven a stakeholder approach to research and innovation that aims to break down silos, bringing together
More than 3000 stakeholders who share the goal of improving people†s health delivering high quality and sustainable care to older people and helping EU industry to
Scaling up innovation and creating a critical mass for stakeholders has been a guiding principle of the EIP
the agenda of the relevant public stakeholders (Ministries of Health, Ministries of Social affairs, Health Regional Authorities, etc.
solutions and approaches that contribute to economic growth, solve societal challenges create jobs and enhance Europe†s competitiveness.
that actively involves broad sets of stakeholders Open innovation in this context is an innovation model based on extensive networking
a wider number of stakeholders in the co-creation of the futures that we all want, but
that are important for European citizens and the European economy, for instance, re -163 http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/sme/files/craft/social economy/doc/coop-communication-en en. pdf
for a greener, more social, innovative and inclusive economy y As far as the award criteria are concerned,
Furthermore, since employees are long-term shareholders, broadening employee shareholding would also stabilise capital markets. ESO is of particular impor
-tance for SMES (financing and business succession Despite their positive effects, as acknowledged in numerous EU reports, opinions and
European economy as small businesses are among the most important drivers for growth and employment.
and are granted typically to micro and social economy en -terprises or to others which are considered not bankable
In close collaboration with many actors and stakeholders from the sector, best practices in the field of microcredit were identified in the European Code of Good Conduct for
consultation revealed that stakeholders believe that crowdfunding offers numerous im -portant benefits to a wide range of actors,
Stakeholder Forum, in order to help it to raise awareness, promote education and train -ing for users of crowdfunding,
results of the studies, the work of various stakeholders and the regulatory workshops †the state of EU and domestic regulatory frameworks applicable to crowdfunding, and
about the sector, its characteristics, needs and contribution to the economy and wellbe -ing. While deeper and keener knowledge is addressed by research from a variety of an
group of stakeholders, working top-down and bottom-up. It is a space where innovative thinkers from all EU Member States can come together to create a streamlined, vigorous
knowledge for a wide range of stakeholders. Associate partners including the European Environment Agency, Na
and large-scale involvement of stakeholders so far excluded from the debate on soci -etal challenges.
as well as the involvement of stakeholders, including social organisations) pursued by the European commission as a cornerstone of social innovation
learning resources amongst enterprises and other stakeholders. It is also a practical source of information about why and how to implement workplace innovation in an
3. 3. 2. 6. Multi-stakeholder platform for corporate social responsibility In October 2011 the European commission published a Communication on Corporate
Action 1 sets out to †Create in 2013 multi-stakeholder CSR platforms in a number of
relevant business sectors, for enterprises, their workers and other stakeholders to make public commitments on the CSR issues relevant to each sector and jointly monitor pro
In 2013 the Commission services launched a specific ICT multi-stakeholder platform called †Collective Awareness Platforms for Social Innovation and Sustainability†(CAPS
-sumption, green economy, etc 191 COM (2011) 681 119p A r T I I †M A i N d E V E L O P m E N t S i N e U P O
stakeholders (e g. civil society, academia, public interest actors, NGOS, etc. and by iden -tifying good practices through which societal benefits can be delivered via the internet
The platform will provide an opportunity for enterprises and other stakeholders to identi -fy and discuss constructively the current
to a wider range of stakeholders in order to have a better understanding of societal needs and objectives.
discussions to all relevant stakeholders 3. 3. 2. 7. Policy innovation design The SEE platform:
and on encouraging sectoral stakeholder participation. It is supported by a number of recent policy documents including the
among stakeholders; the Council recommendation on the validation of non-formal and informal learning emphasises the role that non-formal learning plays in increasing
network or cluster serving the local economy and society. The social dimension of higher 193 BEPA report 2010, page 38
-liance mobilises a multitude of stakeholders to jointly strengthen the quality, supply and reputation of in-company training as part of vocational education.
By bringing together stakeholders such as social partners, chambers of commerce, industry and crafts, education and training providers
y The economic crisis in Europe. has done the European union enough to solve the crisis? Do citizens believe that Europe is part of the problem or part of the solution
The economic crisis has led to profound changes in the eco -nomic, political and social situation in the EU and in its Member States.
-pectations of citizens on the financial and economic crisis, on citizens†rights and on the future of the Union by 2020.
which bring together researchers and various stakeholders including end-users, citizens†groups, employees and policymakers to suggest research
stakeholders and the broader public, a policy review written by Jane Jenson and Denis Harrisson provides a comprehensive overview of 17 research projects under FP5, FP6 and
The MML invite multiple stakeholders to set up frameworks of collabo -ration and aim to affect the governance of research and innovation systems by improv
future-oriented methodologies, new actionable knowledge and continual stakeholder participation EFESEIIS-Enabling the flourishing and evolution of social entrepreneurship for innovative and inclusive societies
The project provides advice to stakeholders on how to foster Social Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation;
stakeholder engagement, promotion of civic capitalism and changes to social service provision through a. investigation of key processes within social enterprises for delivering inclusion
2) persistent multi-stakeholder constellations;(3) the mobilisation of multiple resources. Against the update of structural data, the project will test these hypotheses on the qualitative
Lead by a charity organisation (NESTA), this study maps DSI stakeholders to visible activ -ities in the EU Member States today.
flows through a community†s economy provides a systemic reading of the present situ -ation for goal and objective setting and development of indicators for sustainability.
y involve local and regional stakeholders in the project from the beginning y support the implementation of EU policy on urban environment;
non-monetary economy. Nonetheless they do not pay enough attention to the need to account for their services on the peer-usage base,
applications in the field of non-monetary economy, where new needs and practices are emerging, and where a new sector of the digital Single Market has the potential for
207 http://www. crossproject. eu/tag/non-monetary-economy /131p A r T I I †M A i N d E V E L O P m E N t S i N e U P O
Two consultations in 2010 and 2011 (each with 120 stakeholders on the future Europe for Citizens Programme allowed the team in
In 2011, DG Agriculture consulted 230 key stakeholders from across Europe on Monitoring & Evaluation for the Common Agricultur
linked, where possible, to broader consultations of stakeholders. It is vital that citizens receive an expla
3. 2. 1. The social economy 3. 2. 2. Microfinance 3. 2. 3. Incubation 3. 2. 4. Workplace innovation
Social entrepreneurship to revive the social economy 4. ï¿Conclusion: scanning the future to shape the future
3. 3. 2. 6. Multi-stakeholder platform for corporate social responsibility 3. 3. 2. 7. Policy innovation design
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