termed â€oeinnovation Economics, †which stresses why decisions on taxes and spending should be driven by the need to promote economic growth.
Rather than concentrating on boosting aggregate demand or reducing the federal debt, policymakers should be guided by the need to reduce the debt-to-GDP level over the medium term,
rather than on ways to increase economic growth. In addition, their proposals for spending and taxes seem to treat all outlays and revenues the same, regardless of their effect on growth.
Both effects would reduce economic growth, resulting in total budget savings significantly lower than what would be achieved by cutting true â€oenon-investment†spending.
Instead of focusing solely on the budget deficit, Congress and the Administration should take a more focused approach to reducing the budget deficit by adopting policies that boost economic growth,
drive economic growth and increase future incomes) and consumptive spending (expenditures that finance consumption of goods
However, once the effects of induced investment and higher economic growth were taken into account, ITIF estimated that the expanded credit would pay for itself after 15 years. 9 In other words,
including for manufacturers. 10 The evidence shows that higher corporate rates reduce economic growth, including reduced international competitiveness. 11 As a result,
a well-educated and trained workforce contributes to economic growth and competitiveness. 23 As a result, in addition to expanding the R&d tax credit to include corporate expenditures on training,
There is nothing inherently objectionable about using the tax code as a means of social or economic policy;
â€oeinnovation Economics: How a New Theory Casts Light on an Old Problem of the Budget Deficit†(ITIF, October 2013), http://www2. itif. org/2013-innovation-economics-new-theory
-old-problem-budget. pdf. 2. Robert Atkinson et al. Taking on the Three Deficits: An Investment Guide to American Renewal (ITIF;
Robert D. Atkinson and Stephen J. Ezell, Innovation Economics: the Race for Global Advantage (New haven, CT:
He is also the author of the books Innovation Economics: The Race for Global Advantage (Yale university Press, 2012) and The Past and Future of America†s Economy:
And we are setting a goal to bring employment to 2. 1 million by 2018 †2 years earlier than our original target †effectively restoring all jobs lost during the economic crisis.
Beyond this, we need to set an even more challenging goal for the country †we want to replace all of the jobs lost during the economic crisis
ï§A strategy for financing enhanced economic growth, and for ensuring that credit demand from growing businesses can be supplied;
The aim of the Action Plan for Jobs is to create the conditions to support private sector-led, export-oriented economic growth and job creation.
Net exports have continued to contribute to overall economic growth. A number of structural weaknesses remain that we will continue to address as part of the Action Plan process including diversifying our export base and destination markets and sources of inward investment,
Direct engagement with industry and entrepreneurial stakeholders has highlighted the key issue of broadband provision for economic growth, innovation and entrepreneurship in regional locations.
This innovative approach to funding SMES will enhance the long-term potential of the sector to drive economic growth and job creation in Ireland.
and where manufacturing accounts for a significant share of economic activity. The characteristics associated with our ambition for manufacturing include Ireland being:
The overall vision of the Seed & Venture capital Scheme (2013-2018) is to increase the availability of risk capital for SMES to support economic growth through the continued development of the Seed
In part this will involve exploring how best to leverage the research capabilities within the public system through closer collaboration on specific projects with the Strategic Policy Division (DJEI) and the Economics and Tax Divisions in the Department of Finance,
The economic crisis has presented significant challenges across enterprise in Ireland, but for SMES in particular the issue of late payments is of critical concern.
In previous recoveries economic growth was described as jobless, not because employment did not grow but because it took a long time for this growth in employment to translate into a commensurate reduction in the numbers of people on the Live Register.
which continued economic growth and sustainable employment creation across the country will be built. Enterprise Ireland supported companies created more than 19
The strategy will outline the key actions required to ensure that the agri-food sector maximises its contribution to economic growth and exports in an environmentally sustainable manner over the coming decade,
investment in infrastructure to underpin economic growth, enhancing firm level productivity, decreasing the costs of doing business,
Government undertook to focus on competitiveness in all areas of economic activity. This is aimed at enhancing Ireland†s competitiveness, particularly in the area of costs,
since 2010, tackling barriers to investment in high growth sectors is vital to support real and sustainable productivity growth leading to increased employment. 102 The ramping up of world trade as we emerge from the global economic crisis presents the potential
and international economic downturns rather than being driven across the broad economy. The Council has stated that The irish economy has reached a turning point in terms of cost competitiveness.
The Energy efficiency Fund was established in early 2014 with the primary objective to address one of the predominant barriers to economic activity in the sector †the availability of credit that is structured properly and of appropriate term.
and to the goal of developing a competitive national economy, through the stimulus given by innovation to high value economic activities and jobs.
By encouraging the development of new economic activities RD&I policy measures strengthen Ireland†s competitive advantage and build potential new areas of economic activity.
In the interim, resource constraints and the economic downturn nationally and globally meant that, de facto, policy has been focused mainly around four core strategic policies:(
The 2025 Agri-Food Strategy will set out the key actions required to maximise the contribution of the sector to economic growth
and ï§Offer spectacular tourism and leisure opportunities and a rich maritime culture and heritage. 2015 ACTION PLAN FOR JOBS 119 The direct economic value of Ireland's ocean economy
Given Ireland†s small population, the nation is heavily dependent on the exporting sectors to generate the level of economic activity required to maintain our living standards
competitive and sustainable construction sector, capable of contributing to economic growth and job creation, and equipped to meet the future infrastructure needs of the country,
These trends, sluggish global economic growth, and elevated levels of debt and unemployment at home, all increase the importance of developing new sources of economic growth.
Action Plan for Jobs looks to the future to ensure that steps are taken now to prepare a path for further progress.
this section sets out specific activity for these new and emerging sources of economic growth where early,
clusters and incubators across the island of Ireland to stimulate economic growth and encourage investment and collaboration in the design sector. ï§Create a startup investment platform for creative industry entrepreneurs,
ESDN Office at the Institute for Managing Sustainability Vienna University of Economics and Business Welthandelsplatz 1, Building D1, A-1020 Vienna, Austria E:
tp=arnumber=6191343&isnumber=6204228 28 D. Kirschen and G. Strbac, Fundamentals of Power systems Economics. Chichester, U k.:
operation, and economics of finite-inertia systems and integration of renewable-energy systems to electric grids.
by improving the economics of deposit taking, due diligence and lending in favour of both investors and businesses,
Material productivity expresses the amount of economic value generated by a unit of material input or consumption.
Energy productivity expresses the amount of economic value generated by one unit of energy input or consumption. 5 SERI 2011, Global Material Flow Database. 2011 Version. www. materialflows
After a workshop on social innovation in 2009, President Barroso asked the Bureau of Economic policy Advisors to draft a report on social innovation as driver for social change,
the legal rights-related issues of social network such as the management of personal data and the potential economic value of users activities on social networks and the engagement and security issues of CAPS. 6 Tab. 2-CAPS ongoing project
must be driven primarily by economic value. In contrast, the social innovator†s projects are driven primarily by social values,
47 Journal of Law and Economics 45 †74 (2004), have demonstrated that individuals and small firms in the US can be at a significant disadvantage in protecting their patent rights because of the small size of their portfolios. 48 PATENT LAW
and economics literature has explained that costs related to patent protection trigger a comparison with alternative forms of protection,
including i) the level of jurisdiction (and competence for each Economics of Trade secret Law, in 5 Journal of Economic Perspectives 61-72 (1991;
A Law and Economics Primer, available at http://www. earthinstitute. columbia. edu/cgsd/documents/lewisreichman. pdf (last visit April 18,
Indeed, a study of the Vattenfall Institute and Mckinsey highlights the fact that many low-cost technologies are available to reduce CO2 emissions that could be used eventually also by LDCS. 37 36 Copenhagen Economics
according to economic theory, may be expected to be lower than the cost of separately negotiated licenses); •They can clear blocking patents that would
Copenhagen Economics and The IPR Company (2009), Are IPR a Barrier to the Transfer of Climate Change Technology?
/exp 384 express report final distrib en. pdf). Friedman, D d.,W. M. Landes and R. A. Posner (1991), â€oesome Economics of Trade secret Lawâ€, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 5
â€, Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 47, pp. 45-74. Lewis, T. and J. H. Reichman (2003), Using Liability Rules to Stimulate Local Innovations in Developing Countries:
A Law and Economics Primer,(http://www. earthinstitute. columbia. edu/cgsd/documents/lewisrei chman. pdf). Ordover, J. A. 1991), â€oea Patent system for Both
Employers) bandt@vno-ncw. nl Mr. Bruno van Pottelsberghe Professor, Senior Fellow Economics & Management of Innovation ULB and Bruegel bruno. vanpottelsberghe@ulb
small and medium-sized enterprisesâ€, may be understood as â€oeany entity engaged in economic activity, irrespective of its legal form†(EC, 2003a).
and Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWA, 2004). Comparing the findings of the aforementioned surveys it would not be an unreasonable assumption that SMES in the respective countries
The study carried out by Cologne-based Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (Idw) on behalf of Germany†s Federal Ministry of Economics
Die Position Norddeutschlands im internationalen Innovationswettbewerb, Hamburg Institute of International Economics, Hamburg. Idw (2004: Mittelstand in Deutschland †Stiefkind der Wirtschaftspolitik, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft, Cologne:
-Paulo Albuquerque & Yulia Nevskaya. pdf. txt Û The Impact of Innovation in Romanian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises on Economic growth Development-Oncoiu. pdf. txt 0
G#1v 2339 Economics G#2v 2340 Commodity 0#3#commodity Commodity G#2v 2341 Deflation
G#2v 2343 Economics G#3v 2344 Economic activity 0#4#economic activity Economic activity G#3v 2345 Economic collapse
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0#3#shareholder Shareholder 0#3#shareholding Shareholder G#2v 2376 Stagflation 0#3#stagflation Stagflation
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Rail Baltica tries to promote economic growth and integration in the Baltic region The project Rail Baltica and especially pre-studies and development phase have
capacity in terms of economic growth and renewal. Many of the new policies are concentrated on so called strategic action plans †Regional Growth Programmes
Expert meeting on â€oethe future of academic researchâ€, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration, 19-20 october 2006
Innovation is arguably one of the main drivers of economic growth and the capacity to innovate among the most important factors enhancing competitiveness on a global scale
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR Overall, recent empirical findings show that the environment for innovation has changed
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR In a study employing Community Innovation Survey data over 16 countries, Holzl (2009
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR Finally, the last table looks at the proportion of R&d expenditures from companies
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR Although increasing institutional efforts to harmonize data for the understanding of the
Empirical Evidence for Italy, Small Business Economics, Vol. 33 No. 1 Cohen W. M. and Levinthal D. A (1990) Absorptive Capacity:
Productivity across four European countries, Oxford Review of Economic policy, Vol. 22 No 4 Grossman G. M.,Elhanan Helpman (1991), Innovation and Growth in the Global
CIS III data for 16 countries, Small Business Economics, Vol. 33 pp 59†75 Kakati M. 2003), Success criteria in high-tech new ventures, Technovation, Vol. 23
Nelson R. R. 1996), The Sources of Economic growth, London: Harvard university Press OECD (2010), SMES, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Centre for Entrepreneurship
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR 2013 Brief on INNOVATION PERFORMANCE ANNUAL REPORT ON EUROPEAN SMES 2012/2013
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR 2013 Brief on INNOVATION PERFORMANCE ANNUAL REPORT ON EUROPEAN SMES 2012/2013
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR 2013 Brief on INNOVATION PERFORMANCE ANNUAL REPORT ON EUROPEAN SMES 2012/2013
Eurostat, DIW econ, London Economics, MIOIR
Building Bridges: Social Inclusion Problems as Research and Innovation Issues Santiago Alzugaray *Academic Unit, University Research Council, Universidad de la Repã blica, Montevideo
combined, would create economic growth and lead eventually to economic development. Economic growth would be the increased productivity in the existing activities;
economic development would come from the opening, through research and innovation, of new production branches or the birth of knowledge-based firms (OECD, 2005;
used in relation to competitiveness, sustainable economic growth, closing the structural heterogeneity gap in productivity, and the like, but not as a direct tool
The hypothesis that there is a trickle-down effect from economic growth to social inclusion, implicit in many analyses, is illusory;
The context of the first call in 2003 was a deep social and economic crisis at the
Uruguay showed an unparalleled rate of economic growth: at the end of 2008, the country growth reached 8. 9 percent
violence related to the uneven economic growth and the persistence of social exclusion, from the bankruptcy of hundreds of firms and the damaging personal
policies, and a sustained economic growth. The persistence of these situations makes even more valid the premise from which the university program â€oeresearch
3. Increased fixed asset use giving economic value to more people 4. Increased fixed asset use giving social and community value to more people
5. Increased creation of viable shared assets giving more economic value to more people 6. Increased creation of viable shared assets giving more social and community value to
of the economic crisis as people need to earn as much as they can at this time, so are deterred
x The economic crisis in 2007-8 made people look at the assets they owned and how to
economics to date has seen the sharing economy as simply †stealing†market from the established normally big corporate, players.
x Increased existing asset use giving more economic value to more people x Increased existing asset use giving more social and community value to more people
•Increased creation of new shared assets giving more economic value to more people •Increased creation of new shared assets giving more social and community value to more
3. Increased fixed asset use giving more economic value to more people x Streetbank: by 2014 over 35,000 people shared over 45,000 things and skills, mostly in the
5. Increased creation of new shared assets giving more economic value to more people x Repair Cafã s:
physical events with economic value both for social entrepreneurs, companies as well as society as a whole 6. Increased creation of new shared assets giving more social and community value to more
in social and behavioural economics, we take a network perspective and analyse the role networks play in innovation and how online tools might be changing this
and shape economic policy in order to boost productivity, economic growth, quality of employment and social cohesion When this agreement expired, the signatories decided to revise its content
conditioned by the current economic crisis and the subsequent budgetary restrictions all the actors involved are convinced that these strategic agreements have enormous
The current situation of economic crisis and public spending restrictions requires appropriate, effective and efficient economic policy measures.
The Government is responsible for designing, planning and implementing such policies, but in many cases they can only be put into effect in cooperation with other stakeholders (other public
production system and economic growth, an essential condition for generating jobs and reducing the high unemployment rate. The Government will promote sectors with high
For instance, in order to foster economic growth based on increased productivity and quality job creation, it is necessary to improve mechanisms for
economics, the media, the new technologies, postgraduate studies, international mobility, etc Catalonia faces the challenge of modernising its universities
The Catalan ICT industry should act as a driving force behind economic growth helping to increase business productivity
Business enterprises are expected to lead the recovery of economic activity. To emerge from the crisis, it is necessary to boost business activity,
International competition and the economic crisis require companies to rethink their competitive strategies, particularly as regards technological
Catalan industrial sector, should lead the recovery of economic activity and job creation. However, all too often, SMES have neither the training nor the tools needed to
In the present context of severe economic crisis and high unemployment, it is particularly important to improve employability as a way of working towards a change to
With its notable presence in the spheres of economics, the new technologies and higher studies, English has become the international language.
and to generate economic growth through increased productivity and the creation of quality jobs. The Catalan
In order to foster sustained economic growth based on productivity, it is crucial to promote the creation of quality jobs.
and, in order to generate economic growth, fresh efforts are required to create a real market for the results of research and for patents.
pursue the goal of reactivating economic activity, particularly as regards SMES Catalonia 2020 Strategy 33 6. 4. 10.
Public policies to support economic activity should promote the transition towards a more resource-efficient economy, as much out of necessity (decreasing dependency
economic activity and in public procurement In this respect, the Catalan Ecodesign Programme 2011-2012 (ECODISCAT) promotes sustainable production and consumption.
The public authorities should provide a framework for economic activity and public intervention that fosters business initiative and job creation whilst preserving the rights
to economic activity. In this respect, it is vital to carry out impact assessments of laws to integrate procedures
In order to facilitate economic activity, and as part of the process aimed at improving public services, it is essential to introduce the electronic administration as an
vital condition for generating economic activity in rural areas. Irrigation infrastructure also plays a strategic role in boosting
economics and socially responsible companies, can be of use for people in order to just find the information they need.
Studied extensively in economics, the network effect has also been used to analyse company behaviour, showing how being em
any discipline dealing with human social organisations (e g. law, economics, anthropology sociology, history. In many cases, the focus has been on understanding the trajectories of the
personal data and its potential economic value. The results of the project can be beneficial for many CAPS initiatives and will generate interesting synergies at the level of research
or the connection between personal data, economic value, and currencies (USEMP. Moreover, assessment of the CAPS projects themselves is key to
economic value, are becoming increasingly important as museums strive to balance new technological developments, economic chall
capable of sustainable economic growth with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion 'Very soon after the Lisbon Strategy was
restore the conditions for economic growth on which a basis of fair redistribution of wealth can be achieved.
contributes to economic growth and job creation and to the achievement of the digital single market through the increasing offer of
of economic crisis -the valuable work done by Europeana, by the Member States†institutions and national
Finance is crucial to business success and an important factor for economic growth in Europe especially in view of any past or future economic crisis
At European level, finance is provided by a balanced mix of financing mechanisms: through structural funds, the Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme, Progress
-pact positively on economic growth and job creation in Irish SMES 10 Danish National Agency for Enterprise and Housing
to create sustainable Irish jobs and economic growth and design-driven innovation has a role to play
design as a tool for economic growth within the advanced materials and manufacturing sector The Service Design Programme began in July 2010
The economics of standardization, Final report for Standards and Technical Regulations Directorate. UK department of Trade and Industry, University of Manchester
euros of economic value added, and therefore contributes more to the economy than the traditional industries such
-pation, innovation and as an engine for economic growth and work. Rules and conditions for the global network can
Economics The authors wish to thank Susan Schorr, Head, ITU Telecommunication Development Bureau Special Initiatives Division, for her advice, direction and contributions during the preparation of the report
unemployment not only hampers economic growth, for youth it can be a debilitating experience that affects their desire
problem is immense, holding back economic growth while stifling the aspirations of people recently entering the workforce and at the beginnings of their careers.
In addition to the protracted economic crisis from which many countries are still trying to recover, a troubling trend has emerged that experts call the skills mismatch.
economic crisis started. 26 2. 4 Regional trends: Developing countries The labour market in the developing world is highly diverse
23 Clive R. Belfield, Henry M. Levin, Rachel Rosen, â€oethe Economic value of Opportunity Youth, †(Washington, D c
represents an opportunity for economic growth, the private sector has created not the number of jobs needed in the region to meet this demand.
83 The app economy refers to the range of economic activity surrounding mobile applications. The app economy
/94 Vision Mobile, Developer Economics 2012: The New App Economy,(June 2012) 4 www. visionmobile. com/blog/2012/06/report-developer-economics-2012-the-new-app-economy
/Digital opportunities: Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment 22 Jobs in the app economy can be categorized as follows
96 Vision Mobile, Developer Economics 2012: The New App Economy, 73 Digital opportunities: Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment
Developer Economics 2012 For developers focusing on in-region, for-region development, the opportunity may lie in addressing
For economic growth in the app economy, it is crucial for developers to be able to continuously update
energy-efficient economic growth, and environmental protection 5 ICT employability skills What skills are required to take advantage of the opportunities described in this report?
It is recognized widely that entrepreneurship is a necessary ingredient for stimulating economic growth and employment opportunities around the world.
partnerships across sectors to spur innovation, economic growth and employment. International agencies have played a vital role by bringing attention to the urgent needs of youth, and convening governments
"The Economic value of Opportunity Youth "Washington, D c.:Corporation for National and Community Service and the White house
Developer Economics 2012: The New App Economy. 2012 www. visionmobile. com/blog/2012/06/report-developer-economics-2012-the-new-app
-economy /Walton, Marion, and Jonathan Donner. Public Access, Private Mobile. Global Impact Study Research Report Series.
political leaders to set policies that undermine competitiveness and sap economic growth. Business is caught in a vicious
which involves creating economic value in a way that also creates value for society by addressing its needs and challenges.
but the return will be greater economic value and broader strategic benefits for all participants The Roots of Shared Value
Companies can create economic value by creating societal value. There are three distinct ways to do this: by reconceiving
in media-dark regions, creating major economic value for the company Employee productivity The focus on holding down wage levels, reducing benefits,
innovate and unlock new economic value that most businesses have missed Enabling Local Cluster Development No company is self-contained.
The opportunity to create economic value through creating societal value will be one of the most powerful forces driving growth in the global economy.
develop and introduce new products and processes in a way consistent with the economics of their business.
Companies will come to understand that the right kind of regulation can actually foster economic value creation Finally, regulation will be needed to limit the pursuit of exploitative, unfair,
charity but out of a deeper understanding of competition and economic value creation. This next evolution in the capitalist
but self-interested behavior to create economic value by creating societal value. If all companies individually pursued shared value connected to their particular businesses, society†s overall interests
and expertise of the company to create economic value by creating social value In both cases, compliance with laws and ethical standards and reducing harm from corporate activities are
qualitative and do not depart from economic value creation. Instead, they represent the next stage in our understanding of
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