Cement

Brick (4)
Building block (7)
Building material (15)
Cement (9)
Ceramic (4)
Insulating material (3)
Lumber (4)

Synopsis: 8. materials: Building materials: Cement:

Simple cement structures, reinforced with steel, can displace massive amounts of water, and last for decades-or even centuries.

where bacteria are mixed into traditional cement and form solid plugs when activated by water that seeps in from fine cracks in the material.

The idea is to use bioethanol production byproducts to produce a material to use in concrete as a partial replacement of cement said Feraidon Ataie doctoral student in civil engineering Kabul Afghanistan.

portland cement water and aggregate. The world uses nearly 7 billion cubic meters of concrete a year making concrete the most-used industrial material after water said Kyle Riding assistant professor of civil engineering and Ataie's faculty mentor.

To reduce carbon dioxide emissions from concrete production the researchers are studying environmentally friendly materials that can replace part of the portland cement used in concrete.

When the researchers added the high-lignin ash byproduct to cement the ash reacted chemically with the cement to make it stronger.

and found that replacing 20 percent of the cement with cellulosic material after burning increased the strength of the concrete by 32 percent.

Cellulosic ethanol byproducts then can be added to cement to strengthen concrete. The utilization of this byproduct is important in both concrete materials

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