Technology and Innovation Management W o r k i n g P a p e r Hamburg University of Technology Schwarzenbergstr. 95, D-21073
HAMBURG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (TUHH) Page 1 of 31 Knowledge for Growth Industrial Research & Innovation (IRI) Barriers to Innovation in SMES:
By Rajnish Tiwari and Stephan Buse Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH) Research Project Global Innovation Institute of technology and Innovation Management Schwarzenbergstr. 95, D-21073 Hamburg
and/or universities and specialized research institutions (here jointly referred to as universities) at home or abroad;
and/or their willingness to cooperate, with universities abroad. Many survey participants expressed their desire to cooperate with universities on an international scale.
Over onethird of all such SMES however cited financial constraints as being a major hurdle for the cooperation.
Problems in International Cooperation with Universities The discussion above has brought to fore the chances and challenges that firms,
Germany's Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in its latest report on the country's technological performance expects a shortfall of 335,000 university graduates,
With 14 million young university graduates (with seven years or less of work experience) India's talent pool is estimated to be the largest worldwide, overlapping Chinese talent pool by 50%and that of the USA by 100
however need further ascertainment and are set to be examined by our further research under the aegis of Research Project Global Innovation (RPGI) at Institute of technology and Innovation Management at Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH).
Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung in ausgewählten Branchen, Hamburg University of Technology, online: http://www. tuhh. de/tim/ris-hamburg/befragung. html, last accessed:
Konzeption der empirischen Untersuchung in ausgewählten Branchen, Hamburg University of Technology, online: http://www. tuhh. de/tim/ris-hamburg/befragung. html, last accessed:
Innovationsmanagement in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen, Working Paper No. 7, Hamburg University of Technology. Ylinenpää, H. 1998:
Better co-operation and access to government-supported research centres including, for example, universities was mentioned also as a useful step that could be taken to promote innovation by SMES.
and for promoting greater co-operation and exchanges between business and universities. 4 12. Finally, in a refrain that continued throughout the policy recommendations, many SME organisations suggested that the climate for research and development would be improved
How can governments better support the diffusion of technology between technical universities (and highschools) and SMES?
Encourage cooperative agreements with governmentpaid R&d infrastructure (universities, research institutes. Lack of qualified personnel Foster links between universities and SMES.
Liberalise the hiring of qualified foreign workers. Enhance co-operation between schools, entrepreneurs and branch organisations.
Gambridge University Press. pp. 23 33.11 Tsoukas, H. and Vladimirou, E. 2002. What is organizational knowledge?
lump-sum grants (typically below EUR 10.000) that support SMES to contract universities, R&d service providers or private consultants to either conduct small innovation projects or to explore the feasibility of larger ones.
In addition, further examination of best practices and countries'experiences is suggested in such areas as the role of universities and knowledge-intensive services in cluster Figure 3. Types of innovative networks 1
and university (GU) ES ESES USUS US CO ES USUS CM US USUS CM US ES CO CO CM ES USUS
Strengthen the teaching of intellectual property rights at universities and training institutions for entrepreneurs engineers, scientists, designers and business managers.
The Econometric Evidence, Chicago University Press. Hall, B. H, . and J. Mairesse (2006), Empirical Studies of Innovation in The Knowledge-Driven Economy, Economics of Innovation and New Technology.
The case of UAP), for UAP and The french Ministery of Research-University of Lille. Discusses service innovation in the insurance industry.
Service innovation-A review of the state of the art, The University of Munich, Institute for Innovation Research and Technology Management:
Customer oriented industrial services, Helsinki University of Technology, BIT Research Centre. Discusses the creation of industrial service innovations that add value to the customer.
London Business school, University of North carolina and University of southern california Research Monograph. Discusses progress towards global service leadership in the US service industry.
The organization of new service development in the USA and UK, SPRU Science and Technology Policy Research-University of Sussex:
University of Groningen Research Institute SOM. Discusses possible innovation advantages of small and large firms.
recruitment of university graduates and skilled personnel; awareness of new ideas and technologies; and incentives and institutional frameworks for improving collaborations within networks and clusters, including local technical centres or technical colleges.*
*This background paper was provided based on material by David Audretsch (Indiana University), Bart Clarysse and Vincent Duchêne (Kwanticonsult) and Vlerick Leuven (Gent Management School at the University of Gent
-They employ some higher educated people (with a university degree or the equivalent. -They have introduced at least one new product on average.
ago AFFILIATION Include more spin-offs from universities and research labs R&d ACTIVITIES Invest significantly in research (75%invest more than 20%of Invest on average about 11%of their turnover in R&d Invest less than 5%of their turnover in R&d 8 Biotechnology, electronics and telecommunication, industrial software applications, new
or research institutions, such as universities. Economic knowledge spills-over from other firms conducting the R&d or from university research laboratories.
But why should knowledge spill over from the source of origin? At least two major spillover channels are identified in the literature
or university where the knowledge was created initially. In this spillover channel the knowledge production function is reversed actually.
In this latter case geographic proximity is clearly related to the role played by the scientists who transfer new economic knowledge from universities to firms. 60.
On the other hand, certain other sources of new economic knowledge, such as university research tend to elevate the propensity for innovative activity to cluster during the introduction stage of the life cycle
university or company) to carry out R&d on their behalf. The CRAFT scheme has a budget of approximately ECU 57 million.
-They need help recruiting university graduates and other skilled personnel. -They need to be made aware of new ideas and technologies.
Autio, E.,1997, University-links and technology based SMES in the Helsinki Region, in Keeble, D. and Lawson, C. eds.‘
‘University research Links and Spin-offs in the evolution of regional clusters of high-tech SMES in Europe',1997.
Strategic Differences between SMES, working paper University of Gent, under review at Small Business Economics.
‘University research Links and Spin-offs in the evolution of regional clusters of high-tech SMES in Europe',1997.
Linköping University Department of Management and Engineering SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Tel:++46 13 281000 3 Abstract Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMES) play a vital role in the economic development of nations.
Thomas Hedner, my dear friend and colleague at Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, has been very instrumental in both introducing
University of Gothenburg, for their continuous encouragement and support. Special thanks go to Lena Nyström, Boo Edgar, Bernt Evert, Karl Maack, Björn Wahlstrand,
My deep thanks also go to my friends and colleagues at the Center of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Linköping University:
I sincerely wish to thank, also, Joakim Wincent from Luleå University of Technology, for his deep insight into and criticism of my work,
My thanks also go to Svante Leijon from the University of Gothenburg for encouraging me to keep my spirits high
and Kingsley Haynes, from George Mason University; Hamid Etemad, from Mcgill University; and Allam Ahmed, from the University of Sussex, for their dear friendship and scholarly spirit.
My friends and colleagues at the Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship at University of Gothenburg have also been very supportive.
Many thanks and gratitude goes to Ulf Petrusson, Annika Rickne, Maureen Mckelvey, and Magnus Eriksson, for their kind support.
Furthermore, I wish to thank my colleagues and friends Mats Lundqvist, Karen Williams, and Sverker Alänge, at Chalmers School of Entrepreneurship.
Fikri Abu-Zidan, from UAE University, who never stopped believing in my academic ambition. Special thanks and a genuine love go to my father,
This thesis started a long time ago, back in the early 1990s, after I finished a study at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg.
was submitted a document to Washington International University (WIU), USA in 2001. The document was the first stage in proposing an SME firm performance model that deals with the deficiencies of the current ones.
Based on that work, the university awarded me, in accordance with its standards, a Phd degree.
which was published in a conference at the University of Durham in 2002 (Abouzeedan and Busler 2002).
and was published in 2003 at the ISBA 26th National Small Firms Policy and Research Conference at the University of Surrey, Surrey, U k. Abouzeedan and Busler 2003).
I joined the Innovation and Entrepreneurship unit at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Before that paper,
I performed most of my research as an external academic, in association with academicians from universities in Sweden and the USA.
University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Paper 7, on the other hand, was developed with the support of Professor Magnus Klofsten from Linköping University, Sweden,
and also Professor Thomas Hedner. 82 Contribution of paper 7 to the purpose of the thesis The SIV model has the advantage of balancing both quantitative and qualitative input parameters.
Washington International University. ISBN 91-628-6140-9). Abouzeedan, A. 2002. Performance factors of small and medium-size enterprises:
In Irene Johansson (ed.),the Uddevalla Symposium 2002 Anthology (Research Reports 03:1), Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Regional Development and Public Policy in the Emerging Digital economy, University of Trollhättan
In the proceedings for the International Conference on Medium Enterprise Development, Collingwood College, University of Durham, Durham, U k.,14 16,july 2002, paper no. 15 (CD version.
In the proceedings (CD version) of the ISBA 26th National Small Firms Policy and Research Conference, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK, 12 14 november.
University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 29 53. Bergek, A. and Norrman, C. 2008. Incubator best practice:
Chalmers University of Technology. Vinnova Report, VR 2008: 02. Freel, M. S. 2000. Do small innovating firms outperform non-innovators?
Institute of Public Administration, Columbia University. Hadjimanolis, A. 2000. An investigation of innovation antecedents in small firms in the context of a small developing country.
University of Pennsylvania Press. Hopenhayn, H. A. 1992. Entry, exit, and firm dynamics in long run equilibrium.
Department of Industrial Management and Economics, Chalmers University of Technology. Jain, B. A. and Nag, B. N. 1997.
Linköping University, Department of management and Economics, No. 24, Ph d dissertation, Linköping, Sweden. Klofsten, M. 1992b.
BAS Publishing, School of business, Economics and Law, Gothenburg University. Lawrence, P. R. and Lorsch, J. W. 1967.
Department of Industrial Management and Economics, Chalmers University of Technology. 117 Lindholm, Å. 1994. The economics of technology-related ownership changes:
Chalmers University of Technology (ISBN 91-7197-054. Lussier, R. N. and Pfeifer, S. 2001.
Linköping University, No. 1175 (ISBN 987-7393-923-2), Linköping, Sweden. NUTEK. 2004). ) SMES in Sweden, structural change and policy development.
A logistic analysis. University of Liverpool, Discussion papers in Economics, No. 54 (October), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
University of Trollhättan, Uddevalla, Uddevalla, Sweden, 6 8 june, 393 411. Porter, M. E. 1980. Competitive strategy.
University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas, USA. Pugh, D S. and Hickson, D. 1976. Organizational structure in its context:
Fieldwork evidence and econometric estimates, CRIEFF discussion paper, No. 0913, School of economics & Finance, University of St andrews, St andrews, UK.
Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. Zaltman, G.,Duncan, R. and Holbek, J. 1973. Innovations and organizations.
SMES, institutions of higher learning (universities, research institutes), local authorities (municipalities, local organizations) and government institutions.
Mcgill-Queens University Press; pp: 11-38
October 2014 INTERREG IVC analysis report Innovation capacity of SMES Credits Experts for thematic capitalisation on the innovation capacity of SMES Year 1 Eurico Neves
He has an MSC in Engineering from the University of Porto (1989) and a Master's in Marketing by IEP/ESADE (1999.
Professor CIRCLE (Centre for Innovation, Research and Competence in the Learning Economy), Lund University, Sweden,
SMES innovating projects with universities and technology Centres, and innovation financing. Weaknesses in networking Lack of internal research capabilities.
and open Regional Innovation Strategies Developing an open innovation environment Innovation Systems INOLINK http://www. inolink. eu/Innovation Policy in University City Regions
Enhancing the cooperation between businesses and universities Innovation Systems IPP http://www. i-p-p. eu/Interregional Partnership Platform Supporting innovation intermediaries
They typically facilitate liaison between private enterprises (notably SMES) and external knowledge/research providers (universities, R&d service providers or private consultants),
Technology Events to promote technology transfer agreements between companies and university DISTRICT+46 o Net of Competence:
Universities and enterprises network to increase technology transfer MINI-EUROPE47 o Genomnanotech: Setting up of a technology transfer office
The Hungarian government came to understand that the subsidisation of innovation oriented R&d at universities is very important.
With the support of‘Pázmány Péter Programme',the industry and universities can cooperate and develop products/services/technologies together.
In this project, 16 companies carry out applied research together with researchers from the University of Debrecen
o Installing an innovation management system, including a project evaluation system at the University of Debrecen;
o Setting up a Knowledge and Technology Transfer Office at the University of Debrecen, which became a significant player of the innovation system in Hungary;
It also facilitates a link between universities and businesses, converting scientific knowledge into economic activity, and leading to the creation of a network for business start-ups and knowledge transfer.
The success of CAMPUS is largely due to collaboration between the agents that integrate the itinerary for the consolidation of a spin off, with Universities and Research Centres.
and collaborating entities composed of the universities of Andalusia, CSIC (Spanish Council for Scientific research), CTAP, FIBA, ISAPA and FSP.
o Mandatory training of the innovation assistant by a specially designed postgraduate training programme established at the Donau University Krems;
and connects organisations that support business innovation processes and internationalization such as economic development agencies, universities, investors and aspiring entrepreneurs.
universities, research, and finance & technology organisations to stimulate innovation through knowledge transfer. There are currently 15 KTNS
Regional and local development agencies, Public universities etc. Indicators-as of end 2013 Outputs Results No. of regional/local policies and instruments addressed No. of good practices identified by Regional Initiative Projects No. of regional/local policies
SME innovation projects with universities and Technology Centres (lack of research capabilities; Innovation financing. Country Institution, Town 1 Italy Tuscany Region, Firenze (Florence) 2 Sweden Region Vastra Gotalands, Göteborg 3 Poland Lower Silesia Voivoship
Innovation Assistants aims to promote the transfer research output from universities directly to SMES, through the support to the employment of young professionals and recent university graduates as innovation assistants in companies, with responsibilities for the development of innovation processes.
This programme from the School in Business Economics and Law at the University of Gothenburg allows master students in Business Economics to do an internship within a growing SME.
, Jönköping 11 Greece University of West Macedonia, Research Committee, KOZANI 67 The project addressed the general issue of EU businesses'limited competitiveness and innovation capacity.
and connects organizations that support business innovation processes and internationalization such as economic development agencies, universities, investors and aspiring entrepreneurs.
The Hungarian government realized that the subsidisation of innovation oriented R&d at universities is very important.
With the support of‘Pázmány Péter Programme',the industry and universities can cooperate and develop products, services & technologies together.
In this project, 16 companies carry out applied research together with researchers of the University of Debrecen
including a project evaluation system at the University of Debrecen; -Setting up a Knowledge and Technology Transfer Office at the University of Debrecen,
which became a significant player of the innovation system in Hungary; -Enhancing R&d intensive investments in the Észak-Alföld region in cooperation with Innova.
'Technology transfer services and other SMES/Universities joint R&d collaborative programmes or business cooperation. Furthermore, some of the Good Practices also addressed the Innovation Systems theme (Regional Innovation Scoreboard,
Development of programmes that will enable universities, R&d and SMES to apply together for funding for joint R&d projects.
but also universities and research centres should be engaged. Engaging them will not only allow policy makers to develop a deeper insight into the matches
ECOOM-Centre for Research & development Monitoring at Leuven University Here, the role of government intervention is important
Manuel Desantes from the University of Alicante Articulation between smart specialisation and cluster policy Clusters are important building blocks of a smart specialisation strategy. 3 Indeed,
In the region of Malopolska, Poland the emergence of fast-growing companies and clusters in industries like information and communication technologies and telecommunications has been supported by the changes of the profiles of regional universities.
firms public research institutions and universities (OECD, 2011. In the main, the smart specialisation approach suggests regions, especially those regions
universities and firms) collaborative initiatives and public-private partnerships to strengthen the region's economic and innovation base.
OECD-TIP case-studies on smart specialisation The universities dealing with economics, public policy and administration,
regional governments and key stakeholders should be ready to adjust their responses rapidly to the changing conditions (e g. strengthening the collaboration between Universities
THE ROLE OF SMART SPECIALISATION OECD 2013 33 Box 1. 6. Detecting changing conditions and adjusting policy actions Changing the role of regional universities:
In the region of Malopolska, the emergence of fast-growing companies and clusters in industries like information and communication technologies, telecommunications and pharmaceuticals has been supported by the changes of the profiles of regional universities.
Regional universities are engaged also in many initiatives aimed at addressing the main challenges in traditional areas of regional specialisation (e g. mining
Successful mobilisation of the resources of the universities may also have a strong positive effect on the achievement of comprehensive regional strategies (EC-IPTS (2011.
universities and institutions of research, innovation and creativity complement the market know-how of business entrepreneurs with sound expertise for the skills,
In Austria, smart specialisation and the RIS3 KEY are used by the federal government, together with public performance-contracts, to mobilise universities and research institutions to deal with their regional habitat in a strategic way (Standortpolitik.
ECOOM-Centre for Research & development Monitoring at Leuven University In order to help policy makers to have a broader picture on national or regional specialisations,
ECOOM-Centre for Research & development Monitoring at Leuven University Additional limitations to data analyses arise when considering that regional internationally comparable data especially on economic specialisation are underdeveloped.
updating the skills required by the increasingly cross-sectoral and cross-technology activities (e g. university level training in mechatronics in Upper Austria as a reaction of a new specialisation evolving from machine building.
8 COM (2010) 553 final of the European commission. 9 For example, Universities can provide private and public authorities both with strategic advice
The role of Universities as a critical'asset'of the region may be even higher in the less developed regions,
Among the mechanisms by which universities can contribute to regional innovation systems are: i) stimulating the entrepreneurial spirit of its staff and students;
See also EC-IPTS (2011)‘ Connecting Universities to Regional Growth: A Practical Guide'.'http://ipts. jrc. ec. europa. eu/activities/research-and-innovation/documents/connecting universities2011 en. pdf 10 On July 14th, 2010, the European Economic and Social Committee approved an opinion
on national/regional Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation (RIS3) http://s3platform. jrc. ec. europa. eu/s3pguide EC-IPTS (2011)‘ Connecting Universities
A Practical Guide'A guide to help improve the contribution of universities to regional development,
internationally recognized top-research teams active in the 5 universities of the region. Furthermore, one of Europe's largest University Hospitals is located in Leuven (Gasthuisberg), with a strong expertise in complementary fields within the other three University hospitals in the region.
The clinical infrastructure in the region is a third outstanding trump card. Finally, Flanders has a relatively strong position in terms of biotech and pharmaceutical companies,
While the initial strategy development (the entrepreneurial discovery process) started from one research centre, during the course of the OECD-TIP exercises, a wider set of stakeholders universities, academic hospitals, companies from the health
On the initiative of actors from the research community (imec, VIB and the Catholic University of Leuven), a dedicated centre for bringing together neurosciences and electronics was granted a one-off co-funding to set up a trans-disciplinary laboratory.
the competence pole FISCH, Flanders also has a number of research institutes and universities that work in this field.
Most notable are the University of Gent with a strong group in the biotech sector,
Nevertheless, the quality and quantity of the research at the Flemish universities and research institutes is probably not yet high enough to meet the needs of the envisaged transformation of a world-class industrial cluster.
and in terms of academic research there are some small pockets of mostly basic research at various universities but no critical mass.
The TTR ELAT is populated a densely high-tech knowledge region with more than 10 universities and an annual R&d expenditure of EUR 4 bn.
the value network includes a number of renowned universities (Eindhoven, Tilburg, Maastricht, and Leuven) and research institutes of which Holst Centre, Leuven-based IMEC,
Aachen is largely complementary from a specialisation point of view, with a strong public R&d and university cluster.
supported by research institutes and universities and in broader interaction with civil society. Future challenges:
and attract universities, research institutes and service agencies. Four local universities or their affiliated campuses, nine research institutes/local branches of government research institutes
and seven public service agencies are the driving forces to induce and promote local photonics industrial cluster.
and regional institutions and provided support to local actors including universities, research institutes and firms.
universities and research institutes emerged through project implementation. At the regional, national and international levels, issues were found for cluster promotion such as intensifying networks and financing of commercial activities and product development.
THE ANDALUSIAN AEROSPACE CLUSTER Simon Vazquez, Innovation and Development Agency of Andalusia (IDEA Agency) and M Angeles Ruiz, General Secretary of Universities, Andalusian Ministry of Economy
The knowledge base stems from the School of Aeronautic Engineers and the rest of applied studies from the Universities of Seville, Pablo de Olavide, Cádiz and Córdoba.
AICIA (Association of the Seville University School of Engineers), Andalusian Institute of technology (IAT, regarded as a centre for knowledge management), CITIC (Innovation Centre for ICTS), FAICO (Centre for image and colour.
Innovation and Development Agency of Andalusia (IDEA Agency), the Technological Corporation of Andalusia (CTA), the Aerospace Technology Institute (INTA), the Andalusian Institute of technology (IAT) and the Andalusian Universities of Seville
and ii) Agents of Knowledge, supporting the researchers (individual or group) at the Technological Centres, Parks, Universities.
University and industry linkages: There is a clear need for promoting university research and university researchers within the entrepreneurial activities of the technological Parks and Centres.
Importance to incorporate Phds at the entrepreneurial and industrial level. Better industry-public strategy support alignment:
such as Automotive Manufacturing Association, Association of Automotive Parts and Components Manufacturers, Automotive Distributors Association, Automotive Consumers Association etc. and research institutions such as, Istanbul Technical University, Uludag
University, Gebze Institute of technology, TÜBITAK Marmara Research Centre and Automotive technology R&d Centre etc. Besides and with public institutions such as Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology;
and a member to be appointed by a university to be designated by the Council of Higher education.
For simplicity, this case study will refer to any unit which was a part of DTI, BERR, BIS or DIUS (the Department for Innovation, University and Skills
which contains Monash University, a Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) laboratory complex and a strong private sector presence specialising in advanced manufacturing.
OECD 2013 97 Monash University has initiated also a cluster type initiative on its Clayton campus, the Monash Science Technology Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP.
Monash University has launched also the John Monash Institute which aims to assist industry in the MSE region by connecting businesses to relevant researchers
These include the CSIRO Clayton laboratories, Monash University, the Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, the Australian Synchrotron and the Small Technologies Cluster.
Swinburne University of Technology is located also on the regions periphery. Ambitions strategic plans and tools and catalysts in the innovation ecosystem Strategic priorities identified by the SEMIP to support the specialisation
Additionally Lower Austria piloted a landmark scheme to encourage SMES to employ recent university graduates
These are‘intrapreneurs'with a university background managing innovation projects tailored to the specific needs of the SME (Priedl 2011c.
THE ROLE OF SMART SPECIALISATION 108 OECD 2013 University a publicly funded academic university is located in the region of Upper Austria.
The share of the (JKU) university is relatively small, since the JKU does only get 5%from the total Austrian university budget,
whereas Upper Austria produces more than 25%of Austria's technology exports. Regional Upper Austrian R&d intensive important industry sectors are automotive (with leading companies BMW Motoren, MIBA, MAN, KTM), machinery & engineering (SIEMENS VAI
i) Underdeveloped und underfunded university sector compared to the economic and industrial strength of Upper Austria;
from National Systems and"Mode 2"to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations.
Vienna University of Economics and Business, Institute for Regional Development and Environment INNOVATION-DRIVEN GROWTH IN REGIONS:
, Charles University, Dept. of Social Geography and Reg. Development, Prague Regional, national and international policies that have been decisive for prioritization of domains Before focusing on South Moravian regional innovation policy,
universities and intermediaries agreed on the following strategic goals: i) to expand overall intervention from start-up support to include cluster development, technology transfer, internationalization etc.;
i) the creation of a joint technology transfer centre for all universities and other research organizations in the region;
THE ROLE OF SMART SPECIALISATION 118 OECD 2013 ESTONIAN RESEARCH AND INNOVATION STRATEGIES THE ROADMAP TOWARDS A KNOWLEDGE BASED ECONOMY Marge Seppo and Urmas Varblane, University of Tartu
MEAC, Estonian Development Fund, University of Tartu (TIPS programme) are the initiators of the analysis,
They included regional authorities, representatives from universities, polytechnics and also private companies. Altogether almost 300 regional decision-makers participated in the workshops.
and not having a university of its own. These characteristics have been reflected in weaker competitiveness and a lower level of education compared with the national level.
for example the opportunity to create an entirely new way of implementing university policy through networklike operating models
Tailored university expertise focuses specifically on the needs of its own region without fragmenting the university sector,
and it can be tailored precisely to the needs of current business life without requiring the entire university sector to change.
Lappeenranta University of Technology Lahti School of Innovation hosts a research team which is the leader in Finland in innovation environment research.
Brandenburg Bottlenecks and threats for the innovation ecosystem that hamper entrepreneurial discovery The capital region hosts many internationally renowned universities as well as research institutes (such as Fraunhofer and Max Planck institutes.
The coordinator of the project is the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków.
including the Jagiellonian University, the University of Agriculture in Kraków and the first technology park dedicated to life science in Central and Eastern europe.
One of the objectives of the Lifescience Cluster in Kraków is to enable effective global connectivity and optimization of existing potential of individuals and organizations.
which is an interregional network of collaboration created at the initiative of the Nowy Sacz Business school National Louis University and medium-sized enterprises predominantly from the regions of Malopolska, Silesia and Mazovia.
Both companies cooperate with regional universities e g. the Jagiellonian University, the AGH University of Science and Technology,
and the Cracow University of Technology. Besides, onet. pl, and interia. pl have their headquarters in the Malopolska Region (onet. pl is the biggest Polish webportal;
The role of universities in supporting transformation of regional economy: The example shows that important role in transformation of regional economy has been played by regional universities, especially in the fields such as:
ICT, multimedia and life sciences. Regional universities are engaged also in many initiatives aimed at addressing the main challenges in traditional areas of regional specialisation i e. mining (clean coal technologies) or chemistry, foundry and steel industries (new materials, ICT.
The role of foresight, monitoring and evaluation system in the priority setting: The example of the Malopolska Region shows that the setting of research
Furthermore, almost all public university activities are covered by a single entity: the University of the Basque Country, EHU, with a high degree of autonomy.
This means that in the field of public governance, the clear leadership of the Basque government should also consider the need to coordinate research and innovation strategies with the Provincial Councils and the University of the Basque Country.
Key Policy Instruments The key policy instruments in the field of research and innovation in the Basque Country are, first of all, the regional strategic planning tools, with a long experience in this region.
ii) University strategies (University Plan 2011-2014; iii) Crosscutting strategies; and iv) General strategies, mainly the Business Competitiveness Plan 2010-2013, the 2015 Science, Technology and Innovation Plan, approved in December 2011 by the Basque government.
iii) Public funding of R&d provided by the University of the Basque Country; and iv) public funding of sectoral clusters.
public colleges and universities), there is a limited capacity in the regulation of research activity, as a result of the regulatory power remaining in the Spanish state and of the high level of autonomy of the University of the Basque Country.
From the point of view of management these aspects have an impact on research and innovation of the technology centres.
and technology policies between the Basque public bodies, including universities. On the other hand, different entities and agencies of the Science, Technology and Innovation Basque are configured structurally to perform relevant functions for the purposes of coordination between different elements of the system.
ii) The University of the Basque Country, for coordination between scientific activities and Government; iii) Mondragon University, for the purposes of coordination between businesses and university activities;
and iv) The vocational training centres for the purpose interaction between business and technology development. Measuring the effects
Expenditure on R&d performed by universities as a share of GDP; number of people employed in R&d;
and research, including universities and research centres, allowing a better use of public resources. This probably requires a redefinition of public funding policies for research and innovation activities.
THE ROLE OF SMART SPECIALISATION 144 OECD 2013 LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE OECD-TIP CASE STUDIES Patries Boekholt, Technopolis, Philip Mccann and Raquel Ortega-Argilés, University of Groningen
University of Edinburgh This chapter presents the synthesis of the 17 case studies on smart specialisation strategies in 12 countries that have been carried out by the OECD's Working Party on Innovation and Technology Policy (TIP).
Other obvious assets are the research and technology competences in companies, universities and research organisations.
but also universities and research centres in this evaluation process. It shows how diagnosing apparent strengths, weaknesses, fits and misfits in terms of scientific, technological,
including universities or research centres. Rigidity will require strong methods of measurement and ex ante evaluation of potentials, based on a good specification of the granularity (degree of specialisation) and relatedness (degree of complementarity) of existing specialisations.
but also universities and research centres should be engaged. Engaging them will not only allow policy makers to develop a thorough insight in the matches
Representatives of the regional science, knowledge and creative sector (e g. universities, research and technology organisations or innovation and design centres concentrate expertise on a region's specific knowledge profile.
From regional universities or from international R&d partners? Do local universities supply regional enterprises with ample graduates
or do need regional employers to look abroad for qualified personnel? How do you assess the climate for entrepreneurship in your region?
Are people (incl. young people, university graduates, etc. keen to start up their own business or do they rather prefer jobs in established enterprises or public sector?
What budget do you intend to invest in joint ventures with universities and technology centres of the region?
Which lead institutions in the science/knowledge and creative sector (i e. universities, research and technology organisations,
(i e. are graduates/engineers/professors moving easily between universities and firms and back)? Do universities train scholars
and graduates to become entrepreneurs? Does current academic education fit to the needs of the regional economy do regional employers absorb graduates
(i e. do you have industry-science co-operations in you region, privately endowed chairs at universities, joint research infrastructures,
and/or pro-active technology transfers, contract research, living labs, student placement schemes, brokerage and technology demonstration events, share of regional business representatives in university management boards)?
Universities, research and technology organisations, innovation & design centres that are shaping the regional knowledge base
Educational institutions of higher learning (colleges and universities) primarily represent academia in this paradigm. However, educational institutions at other levels are precluded not from contributing to,
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
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