and to facilitate the inclusion of graduates in shared resources type initiatives. Finally in the biotechnologies field, this center takes the shape of a clinic studies center
as a share of GDP 0. 31 (2011) 0. 61 1. 0 Number of doctorate graduates (ISCED 6) per 1000 inhabitants, 25-34 y. o
especially to the insertion of university graduates into the labor force, avoiding common problems of mismatch between educational supply and labor demand and overeducation.
This approach will ensure that new graduates acquire a skills set that meets the demands of the market
University graduates need to be trained better on how to apply theoretical knowledge. Firms often have difficulties finding graduates to meet their needs,
partly because the skills provided by the educational system do not go beyond theoretical concepts. 151.
In order to develop appropriate skill sets for young graduates linkages between industry and universities must be improved.
Access to a larger pool of specialized labor force complemented with better guided young university graduates would strengthen the region's comparative advantages.
Insufficient preparation of university graduates in the skills and abilities that companies require. Decapitalization of human resources in research entities and talent and brain drain.
University graduates not adapted to companies'needs. Universities are low in national (and international) rankings.
and supply of graduates from University and vocational training. ICT sector specialized in mobility and security.
Wolfe, University of Toronto, Canada Lee Woolgar, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Japan Martin Wörter, Swiss Economic Institute Federal Institute of technology (KOF-ETHZ.
university graduates and students to develop their business ideas into business plans and to advance their ideas for products and services.
stimulate start-up of new technology-based firms among university students and graduates, and create new jobs.
which places recent graduates with a business for two years as part of a university-industry collaborative R&d programme.
the private sector has invested over USD 2. 5 billion in incubator graduates. Potential entrepreneurs first have to be accepted by the incubator
Graduates from the programme often end up employed in the industry they worked with, as a result of the working relationships developed during the programme.
and includes immediate (postcourse), mid-term (graduation), and long-term (alumni and post-start-up) monitoring of the impact. 4. ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS SMES,
Less than 10%of app developers are female and only 20%of computing graduates each year are women.
Age disparities were detected also with high school pupils having sometimes better skills than higher education graduates. From the lack of access to digital equipment in schools and higher education institutions to the lack of access to open education resources and effective e-skills, the European commission has identified a number of priorities for the coming years through its‘Opening up Education'strategy.
Under the programme, recent graduates and young professionals spend two years working on various projects, building houses,
staff%international studentsjoint international publ. graduates working in the regionstudent internships in regional co-publicationinstitution 4institution 8--Institution 3-Institution 5-Institution 1--Institution
after graduation, work successfully with the competencies they have acquired. Similarly, higher education and research institution managers may make facilities and resources available for research,
or benefits that graduates will need for a successful career in the area studied and a successful, happy life as an involved citizen of a civil society.
Students'learning outcomes after graduation would be a good measure of outcomes. However measures of learning outcomes that are internationally comparable are only now being developed in the AHELO project (see chapter 1) 9. At this moment such measures do not exist,
Stakeholders questioned relevance. 2 Graduation rate The percentage of a cohort that graduated x years after entering the program (x is stipulated the normal')time expected for completing all requirements for the degree times 1. 5
) Graduation rate regarded by stakeholders as most relevant indicator. Shows effectiveness of schooling process. More selective institutions score better compared to (institutions in) open access settings.
shows teaching leads to broadly-educated graduates. But sensitive to regulatory (accreditation) and disciplinary context.
Data collection and availability problematic. 4 Relative rate of graduate (un) employment The rate of unemployment of graduates 18 months after graduation as a percentage of the national rate of unemployment
of graduates 18 months after graduation)( for bachelor graduates and master graduates) Reflects extent to which institution is‘in sync'with environment.
Sensitive to definitions of‘staff'and to discipline mix in institution. 7 Graduation rate The percentage of a cohort that graduated after x years after entering the program (x is stipulated the normal')time expected for completing all requirements for the degree times
and definitions of‘staff'10 Relative rate of graduate (un) employment The rate of unemployment of graduates 18 months after graduation as a percentage of the national rate of unemployment of graduates 18
months after graduation)( for bachelor graduates and master graduates) See above institutional ranking 11 Interdisciplinarity of programs The number of degree programs involving at least two traditional disciplines as a percentage of the total number of degree programs See above institutional
Although the indicator may reflect the extent to which employers value the institution's graduates,
and recommends that graduates of programs accredited by any of the signatory bodies be recognized by the other bodies as having met the academic requirements for entry to the practice of engineering'(www. washingtonaccord. org).
Nationality not the most precise way of measuring international orientation. 72 nationality, employed by the institution or working on an exchange base 3 International doctorate graduation rate The number of doctorate degrees awarded to students
Data available. 7 International graduate employment rate The number of graduates employed abroad or in an international organization as a percentage of the total number of graduates employed Indicates the student preparedness on the international labor market.
Data not readily available. No clear international standards for measuring. 8 International academic staff Percentage of international academic staff in total number of (regular) academic staff See above institutional ranking 9 International
funding) and how much does the region draw on the resources provided by the higher education and research institution (graduates and facilities)?
Indicators for the dimension Regional Engagement in the Focused Institutional and Field-based Rankings Focused Institutional Ranking Definition Comments 1 Graduates working in the region The number of graduates working in the region,
as a percentage of all graduates employed Frequently used in benchmarking exercises. Stakeholders like indicator.
Indicator hardly ever used. 7 Graduates working in the region The number of graduates working in the region,
as a percentage of all graduates employed See above institutional ranking. 8 Regional participation in continuing education Number of regional participants (coming from NUTS3 region where HEI is located) as percentage of total number
graduation rate AR, CA, US, ZA AR, AU, SA, ZA relative rate of graduate unemployment AU, CA
staff ZA, US AR, AU, CA, SA, US, ZA joint degree programmes AR AR, AU, CA, US international doctorate graduation rate
, SA, US, ZA graduates working in the region US research contracts with regional business AR, CA, ZA co-patents with regional firms ZA CA, ZA
& Learning indicators the situation is rather promising (graduation rate, time to degree). In the Research dimension, Expenditure on Research and Research Publication Output data are represented best in national databases.
graduates: by level of program; subjects; orientation of degrees; graduates working in region; staff data: fte and headcount;
international staff; income: total income; income by type of activity; by source of income; expenditure:
graduates: graduation rates; graduate employment; staff: fte and headcount; international staff; technology transfer office staff; income:
total; income from teaching; income from research; income from other activities; expenditure: total expenditure; by cost centre;
number of graduates; information about labor market entry. Student survey 4. 3. 2for measuring student satisfaction (see section 3. 3. 1),
This was the case for‘graduates working in the region'and‘student internships in regional enterprises'.
one will have to rely to a large extent on data collected by means of questionnaires sent to representatives of institutions, their students and possibly their 95 graduates.
Feasibility score Data availability Conceptual clarity Data consistency Recommendation Graduation Rate A b Time to Degree B b Relative Rate of Graduate (Un) employment
Much to our surprise there were few comments on the indicators on graduation rate and time to degree.
The fact that in many countries/institutions different measurement periods (other than 18 months after graduation) are used seriously hampers the interpretation of the results on this indicator.
rating Feasibility score Data availability Conceptual clarity Data consistency Recommendation Student/staff ratio A a Graduation rate A b Qualification of academic staff
use different time periods in measuring employment status (e g. six, 12 or 18 months after graduation).
As normally the rate of employment is increasing continuously over time, particularly during the first year after graduation,
publications*A a Percentage of international staff B A Percentage of students in international joint degree programs A b International doctorate graduation rate B A Percentage foreign degree
*B A International research grants B b International doctorate graduation rate B A*Data source: Bibliometric analysis Observations from the pilot test:
Robustness Availability Preliminary rating Feasibility score Data availability Conceptual clarity Data consistency Recommendation Percentage of income from regional sources A c In Percentage of graduates
Both in institutional and in field-based data collection information on regional labor market entry of graduates could not be delivered by most institutions.
validity Robustness Availability Preliminary rating Feasibility score Data availability Conceptual clarity Data consistency Recommendation Graduates working in the region B c In Regional participation in continuing
and in many non-metropolitan regions they play an important role in the recruitment of higher education graduates. 6. 3 Feasibility of data collection As explained in section 5. 3 data collection during the pilot
sorted by indicator‘research publication output student staff ratio graduation rate qualification of academic staff research publication output external research income citation index
%income third party funding CPD courses offered startup firms international academic staff%international students joint international publ. graduates working in the region student internships in local enterprise
& Learning Research Knowledge transfer international orientation Regional engagement student staff ratio graduation rate qualification of academic staff research publication output external
research income citation index%income third party funding CPD courses offered startup firms international academic staff%international students joint international publ. graduates working in the region
or data related to students and graduates. EUMIDA could contribute to improve the data situation regarding employment-oriented outcome indicators.
in order to capture the interests of top managers as well as graduates students. Taking these issues into account,
Rottenberg is a graduate of Harvard College and Yale Law school, USA. She lives in Brooklyn, New york with her husband and identical twin daughters.
To keep talented graduates from leaving the city and attract others from around the globe,
which graduates 27,000 students from two public universities, 500 private higher institutes and vocational training centres.
which provides all Detroit high school graduates a tuition-free community college scholarship, are giving initial assurance that all Detroit students will receive an opportunity for post-secondary education without financial barriers.
The Mexican Ministry of Public education ranked Nuevo León as the state with the fourth-highest number of students enrolled in graduate and postgraduate programmes in the academic year 2012-2013.
bringing it from a per-capita average of only three years'schooling in the 1960s to its high graduation rates and test scores in recent years.
and trade competitiveness analysis. He has a Bachelor's degree in International and Diplomatic Sciences from Università degli Studi di Trieste in Gorizia and a Master in International Economics from the Graduate Institute of International and Development
Ms Gutknecht holds an MA in International Relations from the Graduate Institute of International Studies (Geneva) as well as an MSC in International Management from the University of Geneva.
Weaknesses in its innovation system and the low share of its population that graduates from secondary education (139th) also affect its capacity to fully leverage ICTS to boost innovation (93rd) or increase its population's online participation (112th.
Such PPPS can avoid having students in tailored university programs graduate with outdated learning by fostering
and is enrolled currently in a Phd program in Economics at the Graduate Institute Geneva in Switzerland.
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