European union D4 Second Interim Study Report (rev. edition) Contract no. 30-CE-0531673/00-86 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Sharealike 4
. 0 International License 3contentsdsi Interim Report Executive Summary iemerging Findings iiintroduction 5what is DSI? 5why is interested the European commission in Digital Social Innovation?
Innovation Interim Report Executive Summary i DSI Interim Report Executive Summary Digital Social Innovation (DSI) is an emerging field of study,
with little existing knowledge on who the digital social innovators are, which organizations, and activities support them
This report describes our work to date, having investigated more than 250 case studies of digital social innovation services,
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. Most, if not all of the above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet
and to frame a more detailed discussion on how these could be implemented within the frameowrk of the Digital Agenda for Europe and under the Horizons 2020 Work Programme,
and to access what works and what doesn't to calibrate interventions and investments. Addressing barriers to growth and scale.
This report describes our work to date, having investigated more than 250 case studies of digital social innovation services,
and inclusive economic powerhouse delivering high levels of employment, productivity, and social cohesion. Europe 2020 strategy is broad and ambitious
strategy, and policy recommendations for DSI in relation to the Digital Agenda for Europe and under the Horizons 2020 Work Programme,
DSI Timelinedelivering the research through 6 work packages As outlined in the table below, the DSI research project is delivered through 6 work packages that are interlinked.
We are now into month 6 of the research, which has been focused mainly on WP1 (identifying actors,
Work package Nowork package titlelead participant. short namestart monthwp1identifying DSI organisations Waag Societym1wp2mapping DSI organisations and activitiesnestam1wp3assessing Strategiesesadem6wp4engaging Stakeholdersnestam1wp5experiment and Pioneerwaag Societym6wp6policy
List of Work Packages 9 A diagram of how the various work packages interrelate is shown below:
Work Package Diagram This report forms the third deliverable, D3 in the table below: Del. no.
Morrell Fellow of the Berkman Centre, Researcher, Institute of Govern and Public Policies (AUB) Gohar Sargsyan Adviser and founding member, OISPG;
Consultant Logicadaniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundationsimona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledgemarkkula Markku Committee of the Regions, Rapporteur Europe
and impact of DSI activities across Europe and beyond and to ensure that policy fostering DSI is based on scientific evidence of what works and
Secondary sources were used to understand the position and significance of the organisations whilst other key players, such as DSI experts,
A number of informal interactions were conducted with the entrepreneurs/practice leads, their employees, and relevant DSI communities.
the website survey provides the foundation for the empirical results that are to be used in the rest of the project work packages.
what type of technology they are using in their work and what type of activities they are involved in (from research projects to delivering services or running incubators for early stage DSI start-ups).
'which refers to the type of social impact the organisations are looking to make through their work.
as 136 self-identified categories were used by organisations to define their work. Only the most popular are shown below to illustrate this.
valorising labour time equally, or linking currencies to data. 25 2. New ways of making A vibrant ecosystem of makers is developing across Europe and globally.
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. These activities are favouring a shift towards open access, transparency and ultimately open Government,
The work by Your Priorities in Iceland and Open Ministry in Finland on bringing DSI to the core of government by crowdsourcing legislation is another.
The work by the local government in Vienna on Open Government Data Vienna led to citizens developing a raft of innovations,
The work by the EU DG Research funded social innovation research projects TEPSIE on the role of ICT in social innovation
The work by Nesta in the UK on the tech for good incubator Bethnal Green Ventures and Waag Society in Amsterdam work on setting up
and looking at in the light of the case study work, we can outline some key characteristics of the type of activities that DSI players are carrying forward to support DSI.
Volunteers called Chaos Angels do a big part of the organisational and logistical work. An important element of the congress are the assemblies
they will have a free Stand in a classic exhibition this works the other way around, with the organizers dividing the space in square meters
or for their workers to find affordable homes. Running or hosting Makerspaces, Hackerspaces, Living Labs or Urban Labs:
Co-working environments, such as innovation centres, accelerators, incubators, and hacker spaces, have begun to proliferate. The MIT founded a precursor in 2002 called Fab Lab,
as is the work by the social innovation research project TEPSIE on the role of ICT and social innovation.
Examples of this include the Nominet Trust's (UK) work Digital Edge, a programme which funds ventures that demonstrate how technology can offer a viable alternative to existing ways of addressing the social challenges faced by young people.
The World wide web Consortium (W3c), an international community that works on developing and advocating for Web standards,
the P2p foundation that works on promoting peer to peer practices, and the Iot Council promoting an open Internet of things vision are good examples of this.
Most European cities work with sensors that monitor environmental conditions. Pollution temperature, humidity and light sensors are installed that provide information that could be used to develop applications for citizens
The work by Tor on creating a secure and privacy-aware service that bounce Internet users'and websites'traffic through relays run by thousands of volunteers around the world,
and transparency by supporting journalists and other experts to access information and report key stories.
Other pioneering examples include the work by the Estonian Government and the not for profit Praxis on the Meiraha project,
The work by organisations like Raspberry Pi and Arduino illustrates the potential in open hardware.
but the majority of work is done by a larger network of other organisations in the long tail that are connected via the super-nodes.
and number of employees. New clustering and categories will then emerge from the empirical data.
and share it in a peer-to-peer manner rather than via a top-down hierarchy controlled by experts or some other appointed group.
Another example is the work by Open Garden on facilitating the sharing of Internet between devices.
and Crowd mapping, social networking and democratic decision making tools, are technologies that allow for the quick identification (and dismissal) of issues.
In this sense, the close work with a small group in the very place where the group lives is of utmost importance.
and work in networks across organisation boundaries including the boundary between the private and public sphere.
A commission of independent experts involving both grassroots activists and government employees gathered from across the city,
each with a track-record of success in their particular neighbourhoods, would be more effective than so-called independent private contractor in determining how to best unify a website that can provide access to information about public resources in the city.
This commission of experts should not simply solidify their position as experts in creating websites,
so that the public service workers in London can maintain their own website without again gathering all the experts from the various boroughs
and to access what works and what doesn't to calibrate interventions and investments. Addressing barriers to growth and scale.
The next stage of Work package 2 will include the Task 2. 2, the development of the website.
Work Package 3-Assessing Strategiesthe first steps in Policy Research in WP3 will follow a hierarchical schema,
Therefore it is difficult to find concrete policy actions diverted to its promotion. However, there are intermediary organisations such as Code for America, Open Knowledge Foundation and Nesta that support these activities indirectly.
particularly H2020 and work programmes, Digital Agenda, Social Innovation in DG Regio and Social Entrepreneurship in DG Enterprise.
This will be conducted using interviews with experts, which identify the main failures and shortcomings. These shortcomings will be matched with the design methodology
or they are rooted in the methodology used for its design. 53 Work Package 4-Engaging Stakeholders To support the growth
Work Package 5-Experiment and Pioneer Because policy aims to shape the behaviour of economic agents by tapping into their motivations and incentives
Work Package 6 Recommendations The objective of this work package is to compile the learning of the project by distilling a set of policy recommendations for Digital Social Innovation.
thus not using cheap labour and low quality materials: to emphasise this they had the Italian map stamped on the front of the first board,
Arduino supports@Heart partners through promotion of their brand, products and content on its site and social networks with links to documentation and tutorials.
and who hire the founders as consultants. What were the main barriers to innovate? Many questioned if it would be possible to forge a sustainable business model considering the entire basis for Arduino relies upon open source technologies (in fact,
which allows for both personal and commercial derivative works, as long as they credit Arduino and release their designs under the same license.
and campaigning network that works to ensure that the‘views and values of the world's people inform global decision-making.'
This global organisation is run by a small, highly-skilled online team of 11-50 employees,
with most staff working collaboratively in a virtual office environment from four continents so as to ensure‘even the smallest contributions go a long way.'
at present, 86%of members seem happy for the staff to use it just as a guide,
While Avaaz is a global organisation with staff and members across the world, they are incorporated currently as a nonprofit 501 (c) 4 organisation in the state of Delaware, USA.
such as helping to ensure the physical security of the organisation's staff. According to Patel, the funds generated should support this priority for some time to come:
and campaigning works you leverage bursts of engagement from our membership with particular priorities and campaigns to generate longer term sustainable impacts. 66
Marketing and promoting a website is a lot of hard work and costs money. As‘democracy nerds'the Citizens Foundation team are worried that most of our social lives are being run by one company, Facebook.
or against ideas that many people think are helpful these can be used to buy promotions for ideas that appear as banners at the top of the page.
The actual work is divided into five activities: Developing a Technological Framework (lead: University of Tilburg.
Part of the work is technical in nature: selecting standards, developing frameworks and architectures, as well as writing the actual code for the API's and applications.
Lastly there is work in deciding where the results will go after the project, to ensure uptake
Good results in terms of applications that solve problems need the input of domain experts. Generic coding skills lead to beautiful visualisations, not more.
A lot of effort is spent is connecting data owners, technicians and domain experts. This pays off in the end.
It turns out this actually works well for the development community and data owners alike.
Code for America involved‘a new type of public service based on the work of volunteer programmers that has sought to building bridges between the public and new technologies.'
Commons4eu also works with other social innovators on more specific challenges as part of an informal global network and conversation about how technology might be used to rethink the way we approach city governance.
and new cultural works are created. This definition is extracted from the Public domain Manifesto, an output of the Thematic Network:
Management of orphan works, i e. works whose author is unknown: COMMUNIA policy paper on the proposed orphan works directive.
What is the social impact it is seeking, including any evidence of impact to date? The COMMUNIA Association and its Members raise awareness in,
educate about, advocate for, and offer expertise on and research about the Public domain, in the digital age within society and with policy-makers.
The association works on deliverables such as policy papers, projects, and WIPO statements. Event-wise the association organises meetings, conferences, projects, and consultations.
a consortium of Design Labs based in design schools and in other design-oriented universities that work alongside local,
the results of this work and research are shared all across the DESIS network. For example, the research report Piloting digital storytelling
In their research and practical work, Everyaware focus on sensing, mobile and location-based technologies, as well as data visualisation.
The only requirement for using Fablab Amsterdam in open days is to document the work and project on the Fablab website and share the designs with the rest of the community under a Creative Commons license.
which the team see as fertile ground for beginning this work. One example of this is the Fablab Low cost Prosthesis program
and applies both digital fabrication and traditional craftsmanship in its design and production work. The digital fabrication include machines such as, Laser cutter, Milling machine, Vinyl Cutter, Embroidery Machine, 3d printer, Thermal Cycler, Microscope, Centrifuge, Spectrometer, Incubator, Autoclave, Rotary
to make the work with different machines easier. Teleconferencing system and digital communication: To Fablab Amsterdam, it is very important to build
Much of the work in the Fablab relies and is based on open source design and open hardware such as Arduino.
and grow the lab. This naturally required a lot of hard work, as did finishing the Fab Academy training to give him the skills
The majority of work in the Fablab is run by an active community of volunteers. This, the Fablab team sees as one of the most important drivers for success,
but by supporting independent miners and manufacturers who guarantee basic standards to their employees. On November 13 2013 Fairphone announced that it had sold the first batch of 25,000 smartphones,
and to negotiate terms with manufacturers to ensure a living wage for workers assembling the devices.
Fairphone works with factories where a specially established fund will ensure decent wages are distributed amongst workers.
Work and employment, other Technology Trends: Open Knowledge DSI activities: Operating a web service Key facts:
and better versions of their work collaboratively. It has grown since to be the largest social coding repository in the world.
out of its 227 employees there are virtually no managers, and staff are given a great degree of autonomy in choosing the types of projects they wish to work on;
a system of self-allocated work spurred on by the belief that creativity and innovation are contingent upon employees investing themselves in the projects they commit themselves to.
History and Mission Github sets out with a seemingly simple objective: to build better software together.
Source code management was historically a particularly asocial (and sometimes antisocial) practice. By shifting this once solitary activity to one centred instead around digital collaboration or indeed‘social coding,
A study based on a series of in depth interviews with central and peripheral Github users (carried out by the School of Computer science and the Center for the Future of Work, Heinz College and Carnegie mellon University;
Users combine these inferences into effective strategies for coordinating work, advancing technical skills and managing their reputation. 117 How is funded the organisation?
Another revenue stream is Github Jobs where employers can post job offers for $450/listing. According to Peter Levine, general partner at Andreessen Horowitz, Github had been growing revenue at 300%annually since 2008, profitably nearly the entire way.
Because modern programming tends to be about assembling code in the form of libraries, open source work,
legislators and government workers. Since any open-licensed project can be hosted on Github for free,
The code for the informational part of Healthcare. gov the frontend of the site was written by a Washington, D c. startup (Development Seed) and a small team of consultants.
Work and employment, other Technology Trends: Open Knowledge DSI activities: Operating a web service Key facts:
Peoplefund. it works in a similar way to crowdfunding platform Kickstarter. As an example the platform was used to successfully raise £4, 401 (109 per cent) of the £4, 030 target for the proposed Dyfi Landshare.
two members of staff for one day a week; telephone line rental and call charges; printing and office supplies;
which can aid board members in their work. One example of the latter is the Slow Food an organisation based in Germany with more than 11
and private businesses and corporations who want to engage their employees in making strategic decisions. At its simplest the process of using Liquid Feedback can be described as follows.
and do their work, but we want the grassroots to be able to control them'.
Giving back Open-source hardware is about sharing work with others for everyone's benefit. It is beneficial for all parties to provide upgrades
it is possible to make profits doing commercial work that can be re-invest 141 ed in charitable,
open source projects without having to employ a huge factory of staff. After recognising in the period following 2006 that official government funding streams had been wound down,
and it is this company (mysociety ltd) that does commercial work. Today about 40%of mysociety's income is from commercial work
and they work towards expanding this, while developing‘a reputation as a software company that can solve problems that more traditional web companies can't.'mysociety Ltd.,
mysociety has future plans that relate to various different parts of their work: To grow the open-source communities around some of their core websites
or meet the experts of the City of Vienna, as well as an online forum. In 2012 two participation projects based around ideas of‘collaborative democracy'took place:
Schwedenplatz (where citizens came together with experts as part of a design competition organised by the City of Vienna to draft a mission statement to regenerate the Schwedenplatz area.
and active comments have been asked for from countless experts and copyright organisations. A number of factors surrounding copyright law in Finland demonstrate how it is an example of an initiative likely to gather the critical mass necessary for it to be voted on in parliament.
Having been reviewed by these volunteer experts the Open Ministry's law proposals are more compatible
and to provide collaboration tools that enable citizens to develop their ideas into actual law proposals with the help of volunteer experts.
just as volunteers make up a body of relevant experts who can offer consultative campaign and legal advice to transform potentially good ideas into viable proposals to be debated on in parliament.
and collaborate in partnership with voluntary legal and campaign experts. The Open Ministry also encourages users to sign
Open data sit at the core of all Opencorporates work. This is both a tool to scrape,
They can produce inconsistent data services that leave consumers wondering when and where they can access the network,
and the organisation tends to work with freelancers and volunteers. What are the main barriers t o innovate?
'For P2p Foundation, a great number of these people carry out this type of work without a full awareness that there are others who could mutually benefit from working together on these initiatives.
As described above, Patientslikeme works towards a creating a platform and, in the long-term, a health care system,
Almost all employees of Peerby own a piece of the company through stock options and through these have a direct stake in its successes and failures,
Sharing only works when there is reputation involved. Most sharing platforms try to combat this issue by building a self-policing community.
and have shown that the platform works on small scale. The next challenge is to understand how it could work on a larger scale;
so can work more easily in electrical off-grid environments. Other than the fact that the demand for the Raspberry Pi computers have exceeded far the team's original predicted figure of 10
This means that it work more easily in electrical off-grid environments, making it an ideal device for educational purposes in developing countries, etc.
Later on Ray Ozzie a data expert based in Boston joined the conversation when the question of how to release
The quality and public value of the work done by Safecast was evidenced further when, on September 15, 2012,
Tor has a staff of 30 paid developers, researchers, and advocates, plus many dozen volunteers who help out on a daily basis. In a year Tor has grown from 500,000 daily users worldwide to more than 4 million users.
and you connect to your employer's computers to check or send mail, you can inadvertently reveal your national origin
The current team (of 22 full-time staff) is comprised of individuals with a wide span of experience ranging from human rights 208 work to software development.
Sustainability In the case of Haiti, the UHP has made a great effort to transition the work they started,
European union D4 Second Interim Study Report (rev. edition) Contract no. 30-CE-0531673/00-86 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Sharealike 4
. 0 International License 3contentsdsi Interim Report Executive Summary iemerging Findings iiintroduction 5what is DSI? 5why is interested the European commission in Digital Social Innovation?
Innovation Interim Report Executive Summary i DSI Interim Report Executive Summary Digital Social Innovation (DSI) is an emerging field of study,
with little existing knowledge on who the digital social innovators are, which organizations, and activities support them
This report describes our work to date, having investigated more than 250 case studies of digital social innovation services,
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. Most, if not all of the above examples of civil society digital social innovation take place via the Internet
and to frame a more detailed discussion on how these could be implemented within the frameowrk of the Digital Agenda for Europe and under the Horizons 2020 Work Programme,
and to access what works and what doesn't to calibrate interventions and investments. Addressing barriers to growth and scale.
This report describes our work to date, having investigated more than 250 case studies of digital social innovation services,
and inclusive economic powerhouse delivering high levels of employment, productivity, and social cohesion. Europe 2020 strategy is broad and ambitious
strategy, and policy recommendations for DSI in relation to the Digital Agenda for Europe and under the Horizons 2020 Work Programme,
DSI Timelinedelivering the research through 6 work packages As outlined in the table below, the DSI research project is delivered through 6 work packages that are interlinked.
We are now into month 6 of the research, which has been focused mainly on WP1 (identifying actors,
Work package Nowork package titlelead participant. short namestart monthwp1identifying DSI organisations Waag Societym1wp2mapping DSI organisations and activitiesnestam1wp3assessing Strategiesesadem6wp4engaging Stakeholdersnestam1wp5experiment and Pioneerwaag Societym6wp6policy
List of Work Packages 9 A diagram of how the various work packages interrelate is shown below:
Work Package Diagram This report forms the third deliverable, D3 in the table below: Del. no.
Morrell Fellow of the Berkman Centre, Researcher, Institute of Govern and Public Policies (AUB) Gohar Sargsyan Adviser and founding member, OISPG;
Consultant Logicadaniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundationsimona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledgemarkkula Markku Committee of the Regions, Rapporteur Europe
and impact of DSI activities across Europe and beyond and to ensure that policy fostering DSI is based on scientific evidence of what works and
Secondary sources were used to understand the position and significance of the organisations whilst other key players, such as DSI experts,
A number of informal interactions were conducted with the entrepreneurs/practice leads, their employees, and relevant DSI communities.
the website survey provides the foundation for the empirical results that are to be used in the rest of the project work packages.
what type of technology they are using in their work and what type of activities they are involved in (from research projects to delivering services or running incubators for early stage DSI start-ups).
'which refers to the type of social impact the organisations are looking to make through their work.
as 136 self-identified categories were used by organisations to define their work. Only the most popular are shown below to illustrate this.
valorising labour time equally, or linking currencies to data. 25 2. New ways of making A vibrant ecosystem of makers is developing across Europe and globally.
and the promotion and diffusion of knowledge systems in the Public domain, such as Communia. These activities are favouring a shift towards open access, transparency and ultimately open Government,
The work by Your Priorities in Iceland and Open Ministry in Finland on bringing DSI to the core of government by crowdsourcing legislation is another.
The work by the local government in Vienna on Open Government Data Vienna led to citizens developing a raft of innovations,
The work by the EU DG Research funded social innovation research projects TEPSIE on the role of ICT in social innovation
The work by Nesta in the UK on the tech for good incubator Bethnal Green Ventures and Waag Society in Amsterdam work on setting up
and looking at in the light of the case study work, we can outline some key characteristics of the type of activities that DSI players are carrying forward to support DSI.
Volunteers called Chaos Angels do a big part of the organisational and logistical work. An important element of the congress are the assemblies
they will have a free Stand in a classic exhibition this works the other way around, with the organizers dividing the space in square meters
or for their workers to find affordable homes. Running or hosting Makerspaces, Hackerspaces, Living Labs or Urban Labs:
Co-working environments, such as innovation centres, accelerators, incubators, and hacker spaces, have begun to proliferate. The MIT founded a precursor in 2002 called Fab Lab,
as is the work by the social innovation research project TEPSIE on the role of ICT and social innovation.
Examples of this include the Nominet Trust's (UK) work Digital Edge, a programme which funds ventures that demonstrate how technology can offer a viable alternative to existing ways of addressing the social challenges faced by young people.
The World wide web Consortium (W3c), an international community that works on developing and advocating for Web standards,
the P2p foundation that works on promoting peer to peer practices, and the Iot Council promoting an open Internet of things vision are good examples of this.
Most European cities work with sensors that monitor environmental conditions. Pollution temperature, humidity and light sensors are installed that provide information that could be used to develop applications for citizens
The work by Tor on creating a secure and privacy-aware service that bounce Internet users'and websites'traffic through relays run by thousands of volunteers around the world,
and transparency by supporting journalists and other experts to access information and report key stories.
Other pioneering examples include the work by the Estonian Government and the not for profit Praxis on the Meiraha project,
The work by organisations like Raspberry Pi and Arduino illustrates the potential in open hardware.
but the majority of work is done by a larger network of other organisations in the long tail that are connected via the super-nodes.
and number of employees. New clustering and categories will then emerge from the empirical data.
and share it in a peer-to-peer manner rather than via a top-down hierarchy controlled by experts or some other appointed group.
Another example is the work by Open Garden on facilitating the sharing of Internet between devices.
and Crowd mapping, social networking and democratic decision making tools, are technologies that allow for the quick identification (and dismissal) of issues.
In this sense, the close work with a small group in the very place where the group lives is of utmost importance.
and work in networks across organisation boundaries including the boundary between the private and public sphere.
A commission of independent experts involving both grassroots activists and government employees gathered from across the city,
each with a track-record of success in their particular neighbourhoods, would be more effective than so-called independent private contractor in determining how to best unify a website that can provide access to information about public resources in the city.
This commission of experts should not simply solidify their position as experts in creating websites,
so that the public service workers in London can maintain their own website without again gathering all the experts from the various boroughs
and to access what works and what doesn't to calibrate interventions and investments. Addressing barriers to growth and scale.
The next stage of Work package 2 will include the Task 2. 2, the development of the website.
Work Package 3-Assessing Strategiesthe first steps in Policy Research in WP3 will follow a hierarchical schema,
Therefore it is difficult to find concrete policy actions diverted to its promotion. However, there are intermediary organisations such as Code for America, Open Knowledge Foundation and Nesta that support these activities indirectly.
particularly H2020 and work programmes, Digital Agenda, Social Innovation in DG Regio and Social Entrepreneurship in DG Enterprise.
This will be conducted using interviews with experts, which identify the main failures and shortcomings. These shortcomings will be matched with the design methodology
or they are rooted in the methodology used for its design. 53 Work Package 4-Engaging Stakeholders To support the growth
Work Package 5-Experiment and Pioneer Because policy aims to shape the behaviour of economic agents by tapping into their motivations and incentives
Work Package 6 Recommendations The objective of this work package is to compile the learning of the project by distilling a set of policy recommendations for Digital Social Innovation.
thus not using cheap labour and low quality materials: to emphasise this they had the Italian map stamped on the front of the first board,
Arduino supports@Heart partners through promotion of their brand, products and content on its site and social networks with links to documentation and tutorials.
and who hire the founders as consultants. What were the main barriers to innovate? Many questioned if it would be possible to forge a sustainable business model considering the entire basis for Arduino relies upon open source technologies (in fact,
which allows for both personal and commercial derivative works, as long as they credit Arduino and release their designs under the same license.
and campaigning network that works to ensure that the‘views and values of the world's people inform global decision-making.'
This global organisation is run by a small, highly-skilled online team of 11-50 employees,
with most staff working collaboratively in a virtual office environment from four continents so as to ensure‘even the smallest contributions go a long way.'
at present, 86%of members seem happy for the staff to use it just as a guide,
While Avaaz is a global organisation with staff and members across the world, they are incorporated currently as a nonprofit 501 (c) 4 organisation in the state of Delaware, USA.
such as helping to ensure the physical security of the organisation's staff. According to Patel, the funds generated should support this priority for some time to come:
and campaigning works you leverage bursts of engagement from our membership with particular priorities and campaigns to generate longer term sustainable impacts. 66
Marketing and promoting a website is a lot of hard work and costs money. As‘democracy nerds'the Citizens Foundation team are worried that most of our social lives are being run by one company, Facebook.
or against ideas that many people think are helpful these can be used to buy promotions for ideas that appear as banners at the top of the page.
The actual work is divided into five activities: Developing a Technological Framework (lead: University of Tilburg.
Part of the work is technical in nature: selecting standards, developing frameworks and architectures, as well as writing the actual code for the API's and applications.
Lastly there is work in deciding where the results will go after the project, to ensure uptake
Good results in terms of applications that solve problems need the input of domain experts. Generic coding skills lead to beautiful visualisations, not more.
A lot of effort is spent is connecting data owners, technicians and domain experts. This pays off in the end.
It turns out this actually works well for the development community and data owners alike.
Code for America involved‘a new type of public service based on the work of volunteer programmers that has sought to building bridges between the public and new technologies.'
Commons4eu also works with other social innovators on more specific challenges as part of an informal global network and conversation about how technology might be used to rethink the way we approach city governance.
and new cultural works are created. This definition is extracted from the Public domain Manifesto, an output of the Thematic Network:
Management of orphan works, i e. works whose author is unknown: COMMUNIA policy paper on the proposed orphan works directive.
What is the social impact it is seeking, including any evidence of impact to date? The COMMUNIA Association and its Members raise awareness in,
educate about, advocate for, and offer expertise on and research about the Public domain, in the digital age within society and with policy-makers.
The association works on deliverables such as policy papers, projects, and WIPO statements. Event-wise the association organises meetings, conferences, projects, and consultations.
a consortium of Design Labs based in design schools and in other design-oriented universities that work alongside local,
the results of this work and research are shared all across the DESIS network. For example, the research report Piloting digital storytelling
In their research and practical work, Everyaware focus on sensing, mobile and location-based technologies, as well as data visualisation.
The only requirement for using Fablab Amsterdam in open days is to document the work and project on the Fablab website and share the designs with the rest of the community under a Creative Commons license.
which the team see as fertile ground for beginning this work. One example of this is the Fablab Low cost Prosthesis program
and applies both digital fabrication and traditional craftsmanship in its design and production work. The digital fabrication include machines such as, Laser cutter, Milling machine, Vinyl Cutter, Embroidery Machine, 3d printer, Thermal Cycler, Microscope, Centrifuge, Spectrometer, Incubator, Autoclave, Rotary
to make the work with different machines easier. Teleconferencing system and digital communication: To Fablab Amsterdam, it is very important to build
Much of the work in the Fablab relies and is based on open source design and open hardware such as Arduino.
and grow the lab. This naturally required a lot of hard work, as did finishing the Fab Academy training to give him the skills
The majority of work in the Fablab is run by an active community of volunteers. This, the Fablab team sees as one of the most important drivers for success,
but by supporting independent miners and manufacturers who guarantee basic standards to their employees. On November 13 2013 Fairphone announced that it had sold the first batch of 25,000 smartphones,
and to negotiate terms with manufacturers to ensure a living wage for workers assembling the devices.
Fairphone works with factories where a specially established fund will ensure decent wages are distributed amongst workers.
Work and employment, other Technology Trends: Open Knowledge DSI activities: Operating a web service Key facts:
and better versions of their work collaboratively. It has grown since to be the largest social coding repository in the world.
out of its 227 employees there are virtually no managers, and staff are given a great degree of autonomy in choosing the types of projects they wish to work on;
a system of self-allocated work spurred on by the belief that creativity and innovation are contingent upon employees investing themselves in the projects they commit themselves to.
History and Mission Github sets out with a seemingly simple objective: to build better software together.
Source code management was historically a particularly asocial (and sometimes antisocial) practice. By shifting this once solitary activity to one centred instead around digital collaboration or indeed‘social coding,
A study based on a series of in depth interviews with central and peripheral Github users (carried out by the School of Computer science and the Center for the Future of Work, Heinz College and Carnegie mellon University;
Users combine these inferences into effective strategies for coordinating work, advancing technical skills and managing their reputation. 117 How is funded the organisation?
Another revenue stream is Github Jobs where employers can post job offers for $450/listing. According to Peter Levine, general partner at Andreessen Horowitz, Github had been growing revenue at 300%annually since 2008, profitably nearly the entire way.
Because modern programming tends to be about assembling code in the form of libraries, open source work,
legislators and government workers. Since any open-licensed project can be hosted on Github for free,
The code for the informational part of Healthcare. gov the frontend of the site was written by a Washington, D c. startup (Development Seed) and a small team of consultants.
Work and employment, other Technology Trends: Open Knowledge DSI activities: Operating a web service Key facts:
Peoplefund. it works in a similar way to crowdfunding platform Kickstarter. As an example the platform was used to successfully raise £4, 401 (109 per cent) of the £4, 030 target for the proposed Dyfi Landshare.
two members of staff for one day a week; telephone line rental and call charges; printing and office supplies;
which can aid board members in their work. One example of the latter is the Slow Food an organisation based in Germany with more than 11
and private businesses and corporations who want to engage their employees in making strategic decisions. At its simplest the process of using Liquid Feedback can be described as follows.
and do their work, but we want the grassroots to be able to control them'.
Giving back Open-source hardware is about sharing work with others for everyone's benefit. It is beneficial for all parties to provide upgrades
it is possible to make profits doing commercial work that can be re-invest 141 ed in charitable,
open source projects without having to employ a huge factory of staff. After recognising in the period following 2006 that official government funding streams had been wound down,
and it is this company (mysociety ltd) that does commercial work. Today about 40%of mysociety's income is from commercial work
and they work towards expanding this, while developing‘a reputation as a software company that can solve problems that more traditional web companies can't.'mysociety Ltd.,
mysociety has future plans that relate to various different parts of their work: To grow the open-source communities around some of their core websites
or meet the experts of the City of Vienna, as well as an online forum. In 2012 two participation projects based around ideas of‘collaborative democracy'took place:
Schwedenplatz (where citizens came together with experts as part of a design competition organised by the City of Vienna to draft a mission statement to regenerate the Schwedenplatz area.
and active comments have been asked for from countless experts and copyright organisations. A number of factors surrounding copyright law in Finland demonstrate how it is an example of an initiative likely to gather the critical mass necessary for it to be voted on in parliament.
Having been reviewed by these volunteer experts the Open Ministry's law proposals are more compatible
and to provide collaboration tools that enable citizens to develop their ideas into actual law proposals with the help of volunteer experts.
just as volunteers make up a body of relevant experts who can offer consultative campaign and legal advice to transform potentially good ideas into viable proposals to be debated on in parliament.
and collaborate in partnership with voluntary legal and campaign experts. The Open Ministry also encourages users to sign
Open data sit at the core of all Opencorporates work. This is both a tool to scrape,
They can produce inconsistent data services that leave consumers wondering when and where they can access the network,
and the organisation tends to work with freelancers and volunteers. What are the main barriers t o innovate?
'For P2p Foundation, a great number of these people carry out this type of work without a full awareness that there are others who could mutually benefit from working together on these initiatives.
As described above, Patientslikeme works towards a creating a platform and, in the long-term, a health care system,
Almost all employees of Peerby own a piece of the company through stock options and through these have a direct stake in its successes and failures,
Sharing only works when there is reputation involved. Most sharing platforms try to combat this issue by building a self-policing community.
and have shown that the platform works on small scale. The next challenge is to understand how it could work on a larger scale;
so can work more easily in electrical off-grid environments. Other than the fact that the demand for the Raspberry Pi computers have exceeded far the team's original predicted figure of 10
This means that it work more easily in electrical off-grid environments, making it an ideal device for educational purposes in developing countries, etc.
Later on Ray Ozzie a data expert based in Boston joined the conversation when the question of how to release
The quality and public value of the work done by Safecast was evidenced further when, on September 15, 2012,
Tor has a staff of 30 paid developers, researchers, and advocates, plus many dozen volunteers who help out on a daily basis. In a year Tor has grown from 500,000 daily users worldwide to more than 4 million users.
and you connect to your employer's computers to check or send mail, you can inadvertently reveal your national origin
The current team (of 22 full-time staff) is comprised of individuals with a wide span of experience ranging from human rights 208 work to software development.
Sustainability In the case of Haiti, the UHP has made a great effort to transition the work they started,
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