The approach typically involves a small group of colleagues solving workplace problems utilising their own processes of sharing, reflection and facilitation (e g.,
A teaching gimmick that works. Developmental Cell, 7, 796-798. Wood, J.,Keen, A.,Basu, N,
and our work led to audited savings of almost £1. 2 billion in 2012. Our vision is to help the nation spend wisely.
The processing and payment of the state pension, a service delivered by the Department for Work
NAO analysis of Authority data 3. 4 The Authority works to a target to process 97.5 per cent of items accurately.
or implement the remaining work. The Authority is taking ongoing tactical steps to reduce the scope of the legacy system
CIP would also require further development to add the business rules for the work-load currently handled by the legacy system.
The introduction of the streamlined process, November 2011.6 Department for Work and Pensions: The introduction of the Work Programme, January 2012.7 Department for Work and Pensions:
Child Maintenance and Enforcement Commission: cost reduction, February 2012.8 HM Revenue & Customs: The Compliance and Enforcement Programme, March 2012.
and Trade The report sets out policy messages and recommendations from the work undertaken on this topic.
Further work by researchers in 13 OECD countries based on large scale statistical surveys provides evidence that the use of ICT can contribute to improved firm performance, in terms of increased market share,
Moreover, it indicates that ICT may help reduce inefficiency in the use of capital and labour, e g. by reducing inventories,
organisational change and innovation are key to making ICT work, and that the use of ICT affects firm performance primarily
Any further work on ADR/ODR in the SME context would need to be undertaken in close coordination with the ongoing work programme of the Consumer Policy Committee on ADR issues,
Industry Canada works closely with the E-business Opportunities Roundtable, a private sector initiative, on a series of regional events to help SMES understand
HTML. 7 Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, Towards a Single Market Act, For a highly competitive social market economy, 50 proposals for improving our work
Right holders tended to claim that the EU acquis has promoted the cross-border availability of copyright protected works.
"or not leaves room for divergent interpretations as well. 48 ECC-Net, Online Cross-border Mystery Shopping:
e g. must be signed before a notary. 54 Article 9 (2) of the ECD leaves Member States the option of excluding certain categories of contracts used in the context of real estate transfer that require the involvement of courts and other public authorities,
a peer-2-peer file sharing service particularly known for sharing pirated works, was not a hosting service provider.
which is capable of identifying on that provider's network the movement of electronic files containing a musical, cinematographic or audiovisual work in respect of which the applicant claims to hold intellectual property rights,
or counterfeited works, information about both up-and downloaders needs to be shared between the right holders
It includes practical examples showing how the Directive works. The guidelines must evolve in response to the input received from national enforcers, the emergence of new practices or additional questions and the development of European and national case law;
online service providers adapt works according to the linguistic and cultural tastes of each country in an attempt to maximise economic returns e g. film distributors'staggered release windows. 195 In the absence of a European public domain,
Second, the creation of a clear and well-functioning legal framework for the multi-territorial licensing of musical works for online services will encourage the uptake of new business models that provide online services to European consumers 2
http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/copyright/docs/ipr strategy/COM 2011 287 EN. pdf 73 digitisation and making available of"orphan works".
"198 Orphan works are works such as books, newspapers or films that are protected still by copyright but
and archives to digitise their works and make them available online. The lack of a common EU framework on orphan works is a particular obstacle to the development of European large-scale digital libraries.
As part of its efforts towards the creation of digital libraries, the Commission brokered a Memorandum of Understanding with Key Principles between authors
They differ from orphan works in that their right holders (authors and publishers) are known. 199 3. The proper functioning of the Internal Market requires the development of a durable approach to private copying levies.
Remuneration for private copying of copyrightprotected works is collected in the form of levies on recording media or recording equipment (photocopiers
the Commission launched a public consultation on the online distribution of audiovisual works on 13 july 2011
Proposal for a Directive of the European parliament and of the Council on certain permitted uses of orphan works,
http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/copyright/docs/orphan-works/proposal en. pdf 199 See for more details European commission, Memorandum of Understanding:
Key Principles on the Digitisation and Making Available of Out-of-Commerce Works, 20.09.2011, available at:
and their work is crucial in Europe's pluralistic and democratic society. Protecting author's rights for journalists and ensuring that they maintain a say over how their works are exploited is central to maintaining independent
high-quality and professional journalism. Publishers play an important role in disseminating the work of writers, journalists, researchers, scientists, photographers and other creators.
The Commission believes it important to safeguard the rights that journalists and publishers have over the use of their works on the Internet, in particular in view of the rise of news aggregation services.
Commission services will continue to examine these issues in the light of new legal and technical developments. 4. 3. 6 Grey markets In its application report on the implementation of Directive 98/84/EC (on the protection of conditional
the text agreed between the co-legislators leaves (essentially) unchanged the Directives on Unfair Contract Terms and Consumer Sales and Guarantees.
which would follow up on the full range of previous Commission work on collective redress at the EU level is scheduled in the Commission Work Programme for 2012 (Initiative 110 in the Annex to the Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, the Council, the European Economic
and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Commission work programme 2012. com (2011) 777 final vol. 2/2.-.299 Council Regulation (EC) No. 44
One of the achievements of this work programme is notably the so-called"e-commerce moratorium"(WTO members will not charge import duties on electronic transmissions),
The work programme has been ongoing since 1998 and covers all trade related aspects of e-commerce,
-noticeprovider-protected work-IPR holder-nature infringement-location infringing material-declaration that content is related terrorism-order to secure that content is not available to the public
& address of the CO-identification of relevant work-infringement statement-description of infringement, including file name-copyright statement-date and time-IP ADDRESS, port number, website, protocol,
Within the study, our work highlights that open innovation in is impeded by risks related to technology, market place, collaboration among partners, financial sources availability, clients needs, workforce, knowledge and intellectual property rights.
a fundamental premise of open innovation is not all the smart people work for you, hence triggering the need to incorporate external knowledge into internal processes.
An increasingly international division of labour and knowledge has increased the number, and geographical diversity, of relevant knowledge sites, forcing firms to access external knowledge to support their value chain activities (Rothaermel and Hess, 2007) and,
An ideal marketplace should exhibit transparent global supply chain, labour and technology supply, information flows, customer needs and expectation,
and talented external researchers to work for the firm. Since the geographical and cultural differences in the global market
the supply of quality labour may be inadequate for the firm. Later on, a firm must carefully maintain its employee relation and The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration Volume 14, Issue 1 (19),
and talented external collaborators to work for the firm. However, due to geographical, cultural or merely strategic differences in the global market, the supply of quality labour may be inadequate for the firm.
Retention risk acts as a major constrain since turnover among work force can alter the quality of the partnerships and lead to major knowledge loss.
Within the research, our work highlights that companies are allured to enter external partnerships to enrich their knowledge base,
Southwestern Cengage Learning. 2. Brunold, J. and Durst, S. 2012)" Intellectual capital risks and job rotation",Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 13 (2), pp. 178
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The drivers for practising open innovation need to change universities'behaviour and repositioning of their work in open innovation ecosystems.
The context for this work is Unesco's creative cities'network and the analytical approach behind it, elaborated through practical cases.
as well as the ongoing work of Finland's Energising Urban Ecosystems (EUE) research programme. Our focus is to explore how orchestration works in practice.
Open Innovation 2. 0, entrepreneurial discovery and societal innovation are key processes in this work and need to be orchestrated
and supported in diverse ways. Traditional management is organised often around meetings, planning sessions and workshops.
Demographics, digital literacy and generational values influence jobs and work, and software substitution may soon make more than 50%of current jobs obsolete.
and thus reinforcing both their own work and benefiting the ecosystem as a whole; and The provision of supporting service infrastructure to help sustain effective operation within the system.
E A r C H 15 decision-makers and practitioners to experience how the open innovation ecosystem works,
ACSI has proven to be an effective instrument to understand how societal innovation works and to create perspectives that stimulate societal renewal.
and entrepreneurial practice is limited to the examples provided by works-in progress and presented by speakers.
We see this Conference as continuing for six months after the participants leave Espoo, empowering people to translate their ideas into prototypes and test them in experiments,
supported by peers, facilitators and virtual working environments custommade for this purpose. In this way, the spirit of ACSI resonates in the design and follow-through of the conference-as-process and conference-as-service.
More than 200 people from across Europe used interactive work forms bench-learning, purposeful conversations and working with virtual worlds to explore what RIS3 collaboration could mean for their regions, the importance of Open Innovation 2. 0, the role of universities in entrepreneurial discovery,
and develop them further where they live and work. Not all of them will come to fruition
learning together what works in which situations and why. Bold steps will be taken, and successful or not, in a year's time we will know more.
learning constantly and scaling broadly when they have something that works. These processes are powerful mechanisms to drive innovation, turning demand into supply and knowledge into value.
Hollywood freelance manuscript writers are overloaded often either with work for periods like 12-24 months
The future of crowd work. Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work, ACM;
2013, pp. 1301-18.23) Trifu A, Croitoru I, A SWOT Analysis of Today's Crowdsourcing Process, International Journal of Management Sciences, 2014;
This is exemplified by the recent challenging work of Mariana Mazzucato 15, demonstrating that public funding of research
This stream of work investigates the structure and function of policy instruments in particular the organisation of innovation systems, the management of its interfaces across sub-systems, the capability for visioning,
This work is useful as a conceptual framework for analysing systemic problems. However there remains a need to better understand the role of decision-making,
Based on Work Programmes and projects. Strong orientation on individual projects. Loose inter-project alignments. Co-location centers with own governance
the shaping of collaboration processes, the building of programme communities and the formation of platforms laying the ground work for sustainable innovation ecosystems.
20) Imperial Innovations Annual report, 2013.21) Making Industry-University partnerships work, Science Business Innovation Board (2012).(22) http://easyaccessip. com
The researcher as a stakeholder wants protection for his/her creative work and wants credit for scientific career through being acknowledged as the inventor in scientific publications.
as a result of the employer's line of work (the work he was agreed, commissioned or ordered to do), or while essentially utilising experience gathered in the employer's service,
it can be said that the University Inventions Act leaves it essentially for the university and the inventor to agree who will be the owner of IP and the primary responsible for the utilisation of the invention.
The main goal of these matchmaking sessions was to provide every participant with a chance to identify collaboration opportunities in view of specific targeted actionlines of the H2020 Work-programme (WP.
Related theories and previous work Open innovation co-creation, innovation ecosystems and matchmaking Beside Chesbrough's Open Innovation paradigm 1 and Ramaswany's co-creation approach and engagement platform 2,
For sure, it works until they are in the same physical space and they are not listening to someone else or a presenter in a session room.
and learn to better understand how they think and work. Innovation, in this perspective, is essentially a twoway street between government and society.
Jakarta Open Data Lab (ID), Chaos Computer Club (DE) Co-working labs Very diverse & changing Cop constellations Provide open spaces for work
but rather seek to achieve larger scale systemic changes in the way administrations work. That is, they contribute to the opening up of governments to the outside world for collaboration, co-innovation and sharing resources in a transparent way,
and not to question the quality of the work civil servants are doing. Success is evaluated by gathering feedback from participants and defining indicators at the beginning of each project.
which offer a flexible working environment for desktop workers, co-working labs additionally offer spaces, equipment,
devices and services for interdisciplinary and collaborative work addressing diverse mobile professionals (freelancers, microentrepreneurs, start-ups), most of whom work in creative industries such as design, media, arts or software development.
Although co-working labs address the benefits of collaborative work, interaction and exchange are usually not solely subject to coincidences
and also works on embedding the lab within urban and regional innovation ecosystems. Hardware. co-Lab
Posture and ergonomics; Changing spaces and enriching urban identities; What makes a smart city?;Storytelling in product design;
This leaves more space for creative solutions by designers and industry. The cities struggle with the process for different reasons:
develop new practices and work together in a new way during the transition process. Above all, a transition towards a sustainable society requires a new knowledge infrastructure.
cities all over the world devote a large amount of work encouraging and cultivating their collective knowledge to shape future competitiveness (Cabrita and Cabrita,
Each partner applies city of gastronomy concept in his/her realm of work. For example, the tourist brochures introduce gastronomy in the Ostersund region.
which is created co as a result of a collaborative inspirational work among academia, research, business and citizens and it is illustrated in the diagram below,
It is quite curious that those phones still work, but also impressive because they actually get in contact
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Share Alike 3. 0 Unported licence, available at www. creativecommons. org.
distribute and transmit the work, and to remix to adapt the work, under the following conditions:
Attribution. You must attribute this work to the author, but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work.
Noncommercial. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike. If you alter, transform or build upon this work,
you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar licence to this one.
For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the licence terms of this work.
The best way to do this is with a link to this web page. Any of the above conditions can be waived
if you get permission from the copyright holder. Layout: European commission Concept & Reproduction: Luxembourg Publication Office of the European union, 2014 ISBN 978-92-79-33017-9 Catalogue number:
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and Innovation Initiatives 71 Innovative Government Leaves Legacy after the Financial crisis 79 Youth unemployment & Innovation & Data analysis 90 CHAPTER III OPEN INNOVATION 2. 0 IN A REAL-WORLD
academic leaders and indeed citizens to learn, network and work together for progress. We learnt at the conference that the problems Europe faces are too difficult and large to be tackled in isolation
In her article, Lin discusses the aftermath of the financial crisis in the light of the excellent work done on knowledge capital, structural intellectual capital and the effects on national competitiveness.
As one example, the work of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) is a step in the right direction.
The eclectic team works together to build product roadmaps that identify the pathways from research to results.
Often an idea that works in one sector can span a boundary and be adapted successfully to generate new value in another sector.
when disruptive technologies meet high ambition, creativity and hard work. HEE is especially important as according to a report from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,
Having the user-driven experimentation approach we ensure higher success rate but also the possibility to focus the development work in right direction for impact.
To make this work earlier in the innovation process the Commission is covering the risk in selected areas by precommercial procurement tools.
we realised that one of the critical elements is the scalability of the work, which naturally results in increased success rate.
in order to result in the most appropriate UX while sharing knowledge and crystallising the collective work of the LL stakeholders.
and user experience monitoring for finding a proper balance between the work environment settings, individual comfort of office employees, work efficiency,
and reduction of energy consumed by an office during regular work hours. In accordance with these high-level objectives, pilot application was designed by INT
Right from the beginning of the project, it already appeared impossible to have a single common UX model that could work for any use case.
a significant part of the model is based on previous work like for example on hedonic or ergonomic quality. 33 Figure 12.1:
O k 2 0 1 4 Acknowledgments This work was carried out in the context of the ELLIOT EU ICT Project that was funded partly by the European commission.
‘Ergonomics of human system interaction Part 210: Human-centered design for interactive systems'(formerly known as 13407.
works-in progress and overhead are compared very high to software. Often, regular hardware and peripherals are being sold at rock-bottom prices.
as a tool for taxi drivers and other SME's that could not connect to the regular banking payment systems due to costs and work environment.
Not only citizens would be involved in the actual development work, they would also have the power to propose new types of innovations,
Developer, e g. to utilise user-oriented development methods in the internal development work public sector; Marketer, e g. to raise awareness of user-oriented innovation models and practices among citizens, businesses and public sector;
Microtask outsources office work. Zen Robotics specialises in automating recycling. Valkee makes a device that lifts wintry dark moods by shooting bright light into the ear canal.
often to help parents deal with the practical problems of combining full-time work and family.
) Ex post evaluation of the ERDF 2000 2006, Work Package 11: Management and Implementation Systems, http://ec. europa. eu/regional policy/sources/docgener/evaluation/expost2006/wp11 en. htm (9) http://ec. europa. eu/regional policy
Tampere, University of Tampere, Institute for Social Research, Work Research Centre. further references:(16)( 18)( 19)( 21))(17) Carayannis, E g.,
‘KICS will be characterised by geographically distributed people who are brought together for significant periods to work in centres where individuals from different types of organisations and cultures (nationalities, industry,
This leads to the development of different but interrelated sub-systems and work streams, involving parties specialised in various domain areas within the ecosystems.
Other major enablers for successful work include timing, noncompetitive setup and execution focus in the projects.
The work of the horizontal groups is considered of more relevance as the projects tackle similar issues at the project level.
References (1) European union (2013),‘Future Internet Public-Private Partnership Work Programmes 2011 2013'.'FI-PPP's website is:
Government Leaves Legacy after the Financial crisis Abstract Australia and Chile were hit hard by the 2008 global financial crisis;
It was meant to provide support to less skilled labour for it required 82 O P E N I N N O V A t I O N y E A r B o O k 2 0 1
Retrieved from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/index. html (6) International Labour Office (ILO)( April 2010) G20 Country Briefs Australia
's response to the crisis. Meeting of Labour and Employment Ministers. Retrieved from http://www. dol. gov/ilab/media/events/G20 ministersmeeting/G20-australia-brief. pdf (7) Gregorio, J. 2008) The Chilean economy in the current
European young privileged situation has changed due to increased access to education and labour costs emerging countries: Access to knowledge it is democratised now.
Besides, young Europeans cannot compete on labour costs with less developed countries, while at the same time young from these countries become more and more skilled.
usually much unproductive'(1). In a work environment as competitive as described before, the only factor that can lead to success occurs
but mainly in the workplace and education. At workplaces requires changes in the top management strategies,
which should be oriented more to leadership and consensus of common goals with employees that the old model based on performance metrics in monetary terms.
and attitudes that will help economy remain prosperous and competitive'(4). Clearly the scheme where pupils sit for hours watching a teacher speaks no longer works.
Now thanks to the work of innovation gurus we know that it is possible to develop a culture that supports, nurtures,
It will be difficult to convince Israeli students to work in a company, their preference is to work on their own developing own ideas and projects.
Syracuse university (12) who refers to the Science of Data as an‘emerging area of work related to the collection, preparation, analysis, visualisation, management and preservation of large amounts of information'.
and processes that duplicate work across government states and departments, sparking resistance from those who feel it will take over the function of existing personnel.
The multi-headed structure works also across sectorial boundaries, linking the best excellence to create new innovations
all the operative work of OIA takes place in the centres that focus on different fields of expertise,
and OIA owner organisations staff where the practical work is done. Example of Oulu Innovation Alliance Innovation Centres and Open Innovation Center for Internet Excellence CIE) The mission of CIE is to actively drive co-creation of next generation Internet
following the multidisciplinary nature of the innovation alliance work. Open Innovation and Turning Ideas into Business Oulu is well known for its efficiency to turn research into business (13.
or a company considering the possibilities of setting up new businesses at the earliest possible point (Figure 8). At the same time researchers gets feedback to their work from users of research results
to make it work in all the strong sectors of Oulu. The OIA collaboration is playing an important role to intensify
After many years of works and debates, the world of connected objects faces a tremendous increase in innovations and market products.
Methodology and Process The framework is structured around three main pillars that work together holistically supported by a cross-stage communication and dissemination process:
determination and willingness to work with open technologies to build innovative and technologically challenging projects and products, in a wide range of usage areas tech awareness, particularly ICT awareness,
and will leave. Once the amount of people is down to a certain level, the lighting will change again to create a cosier atmosphere.
For this system to work it is important to establish whether there is a risk for escalating behaviour.
therefore more work is being created than one might think at first sight. The renewal rate of the infrastructure is relatively low:
Does this perhaps leave us without analytical models and method to act upon? If this is the case,
the production team within the company works with the Quirky Global Community, covering all parts of the innovation ecosystem, beginning with ideation and ending with sales.
Local Motors also works with large enterprises through hosted challenges, whereby the enterprise may outsource a design task to the Local Motors community of designers in exchange for cash prizes.
Legal work has to deal with very difficult legal interpretation and very often for securing the company's legal position legal department really is the killjoy and rightly so.
assuming that things are much better now and the universities offer ample amounts of info how the international dealing works.
that my quite recently obtained legal education was not going to work for me in the tasks I was exposed to.
The nature of the work evolves from legal compliance towards risk management. In a dynamic world, a 100%certainty may kill the business,
Numerical analysis of what works best. Apple is the other side of the virtual spectrum.
and design-driven processes does not always work in radical changing environments, because the user does not know where to go to.
‘Surround yourself with people who take their work seriously, but not themselves, those who work hard and play hard'.
'We innovators are very fond of describing and explaining how the world should work in terms of metrics and models.
an integrative model of creativity and innovation implementation in work groups. Applied psychology: An International Review, 51 (3), 355 424.4) Amabile, T. M. 1996.
Sharing content and creativity through the Internet will create new and better work/life balances for citizens:
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