and management practices alike, there is a need for additional work to advance the knowledge regarding open innovation activities in the SME context (Colombo et al.,
The sample of interviewees was selected in a way to provide a broad range of work fields in the area of craftsmen businesses including carpenters, mechanical engineers, metal workers, footwear producers, sports equipment technicians, electrical engineers, bricklayers and manufacturers
For example, for the second research question, categories such as extensive bureaucracy, missing working time, and lack of experience in marketing and sales and others were defined.
Accordingly, they may have to work in several consecutive steps, which in some cases look like a bootstrapping strategy.
and were thus more expensive when manufactured in countries with high-labour costs. A designer working at one of the bicycle manufacturers became a critical link.
his experience during the hospitalisation is the central concept around which the consortium works. The Patient Room of the Future is the result of intensive research into the needs of the medical world and the patients themselves.
In 1990, Paul Dingens started a glass works company that produced its own line of glass instruments.
who complained that they only could do real nursing work during 50%of their working time.
If your partner leaves the company or secures another position, the joint project may stop
Disciplining disloyal partners only works under certain circumstances. First, a strong leader must operate in the network,
Second, disciplining or excluding partners only works if the innovation network is instrumental in creating a competitive advantage for the companies involved.
Because partners in such an innovation network work in a mutually exclusive way, innovation networks can work only when there is a network-wide understanding among partners that upstream partners cannot misuse this exclusivity to earn monopoly rents
Some of the networks work with open books to ensure that all partners involved use fair overhead costs
and are eager to work with the venture. Finally, Toine also had to license the technology from DSM.
He detected that the existing turbo-fryers on the market did not work and his simple adaptation to the air-flow made air frying quite effective.
'o Licensing to small firms implies significant work in return for small licensing revenues. The venture manager,
and the work toward a win-win outcome. Let your partner pursue business opportunities in areas that do not fit your business model.
What works is a vision, not a dream. In most cases, the vision can be considered as a new value proposition,
Drawingonthe work of Von Hippel (2005) users areincreasinglyregarded not asjustpassiveadoptersofinnovations, buttheymay rather developtheirowninnovationswhichproducerscan imitate. Usersforexampleregularlymodifytheircurrent machines, equipmentandsoftwaretobettersatisfyprocess needs, andbecauseproducersfailtoprovideanadequate supply (Von Hippel, 2005.
) Morgan (1993) observed in the early nineties already that the role of formal reporting structures and detailed work processes had diminished a role in favor of informal networks of employees.
or stimulating employees'external work contacts in order to enhance opportunity exploration. The survey data allowed distinguishing between employees that belong to the R&d department
Drawingonthe work of Von Hippel (2005) users areincreasinglyregarded not asjustpassiveadoptersofinnovations, buttheymay rather developtheirowninnovationswhichproducerscan imitate. Usersforexampleregularlymodifytheircurrent machines, equipmentandsoftwaretobettersatisfyprocess needs, andbecauseproducersfailtoprovideanadequate supply (Von Hippel, 2005.
Accordingly, they may have to work in several consecutive steps, which in some cases look like a bootstrapping strategy.
and were thus more expensive when manufactured in countries with high-labour costs. A designer working at one of the bicycle manufacturers became a critical link.
his experience during the hospitalisation is the central concept around which the consortium works. The Patient Room of the Future is the result of intensive research into the needs of the medical world and the patients themselves.
In 1990, Paul Dingens started a glass works company that produced its own line of glass instruments.
who complained that they only could do real nursing work during 50%of their working time.
If your partner leaves the company or secures another position, the joint project may stop
Disciplining disloyal partners only works under certain circumstances. First, a strong leader must operate in the network,
Second, disciplining or excluding partners only works if the innovation network is instrumental in creating a competitive advantage for the companies involved.
Because partners in such an innovation network work in a mutually exclusive way, innovation networks can work only when there is a network-wide understanding among partners that upstream partners cannot misuse this exclusivity to earn monopoly rents
Some of the networks work with open books to ensure that all partners involved use fair overhead costs
and are eager to work with the venture. Finally, Toine also had to license the technology from DSM.
He detected that the existing turbo-fryers on the market did not work and his simple adaptation to the air-flow made air frying quite effective.
'o Licensing to small firms implies significant work in return for small licensing revenues. The venture manager,
and the work toward a win-win outcome. Let your partner pursue business opportunities in areas that do not fit your business model.
What works is a vision, not a dream. In most cases, the vision can be considered as a new value proposition,
and as a short paper within the work of the High-level Expert Group on The Future of Community Research Policy (Luc Soete, coordinator)( 2009).
2003) and Timmer and van Ark (2005) found that the US lead in labour productivity is explained almost fully by two causes, both related to ICT:
1996) and PROLOG was born in 1972 after the work of several French researchers mostly based at the University of Marseille (Colmerauer and Roussel, 1996).
on the basis of the work he did for his Phd at Cambridge university (UK)( Stroustrup, 1996).
Indeed, the origins of the computer technology are to be found in 20th century European science, particularly in the work of two intellectual giants:
Here the construction of computers started with the pioneering work of Konrad Zuse well before WWII.
the Plankalkül of Zuse in 1945, the work of Rutishauer and Bohm in Zurich in 1951,
and the work of Semelson and Bauer in Munich in the 1950s (Bauer, 2002). Semelson studied the structure of programming languages
Jointly, they developed fundamental works on compilers (Books LLC, 2010b. Indeed, Zuse's work is considered by historians of computing technology to be the earliest pioneering work in the modern era.
In his reconstructions of major early computing events Williams places European pioneers such as Zuse, Turing at NPL, Williams and Kilburn at Manchester and Wilkes at Cambridge alongside Von neumann, Eckert and Mauchly, the Moore
the Internet works today because of abstractions that were products of the human imagination. Computer scientists imagined‘packets'of information flowing through pipes,
In computer science, this complementarity comes from the constitutive interplay between theoretical work and pragmatic goals (Bonaccorsi, 2010.
because IT immediately deployed large gains in the efficiency of operations that a steady increase in productivity was made compatible with acceptable work conditions in an advanced society, without strong political opposition to liberal reforms.
that US companies in the IT industry started to work with large service firms as potential customers as early as the 1960s.
pioneering work in software during the 50s in Central europe. In History of Computing: Software Issues, U Hashagen, R Keil-Slawik and A l Norberg (eds..
Institute of technology, thomas. cooney@dit. ie Follow this and additional works at: http://arrow. dit. ie/buschmarart Part of themarketing Commons This Article is brought to you for free
arrow. admin@dit. ie. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3. 0 License Recommended Citation Cooney, T. 1996) Perceived barriers
In Israel, the main relevant body is the Office of the Chief Scientist in the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (OSC.
or a new organisational method in business practices, workplace organisation or external relations. 11 The minimum requirement for an innovation is that it must be new
what is not so clear is what combination of conditions works best and, indeed, what types of entrepreneurs
MAP works with high-growth SMES to attract, develop and retain fresh talents. Targeting local university graduates,
EIP seeks to expose local university and polytechnic students to the dynamic and rewarding working environment of high-growth SMES through short term internships
Ten Years'Lessons from the Canadian Labour-Sponsored Venture capital Corporations. NAS 2009: Awards-U s. Small Business Administration Tech-Net Database;
consisting of a layered division of labour among SME suppliers. With the decline of such inter-firm, intragroup arrangements, Japanese SMES find they are strong in Policies for high-growth innovative SMES v1. 6 76 technologies
the main body that operates policy tools for the promotion of R&d in industry is the Office of the Chief Scientist in the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (OSC).
Office of the Chief Scientist The key player in Israeli policy efforts for the support of R&d and innovation in SMES is the Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS) at the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (MOIT.
The OCS works at different levels on these issues, and manages several programmes that aim at the promotion of innovation and support of SMES.
or not will not work to facilitate growth for enterprises which grow quickly: In fact, such policies may put a break on growth, particularly on the fastest growing and most successful firms,
The Accelerators are not consultants--they are coentrepreneurs who invest in the companies they work with.
In Israel, the main relevant body is the Office of the Chief Scientist in the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (OSC.
or a new organisational method in business practices, workplace organisation or external relations. 11 The minimum requirement for an innovation is that it must be new
what is not so clear is what combination of conditions works best and, indeed, what types of entrepreneurs
MAP works with high-growth SMES to attract, develop and retain fresh talents. Targeting local university graduates,
EIP seeks to expose local university and polytechnic students to the dynamic and rewarding working environment of high-growth SMES through short term internships
Ten Years'Lessons from the Canadian Labour-Sponsored Venture capital Corporations. NAS 2009: Awards-U s. Small Business Administration Tech-Net Database;
consisting of a layered division of labour among SME suppliers. With the decline of such inter-firm, intragroup arrangements, Japanese SMES find they are strong in Policies for high-growth innovative SMES v1. 6 76 technologies
the main body that operates policy tools for the promotion of R&d in industry is the Office of the Chief Scientist in the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (OSC).
Office of the Chief Scientist The key player in Israeli policy efforts for the support of R&d and innovation in SMES is the Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS) at the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour (MOIT.
The OCS works at different levels on these issues, and manages several programmes that aim at the promotion of innovation and support of SMES.
or not will not work to facilitate growth for enterprises which grow quickly: In fact, such policies may put a break on growth, particularly on the fastest growing and most successful firms,
The Accelerators are not consultants--they are coentrepreneurs who invest in the companies they work with.
(Bocconi'University)' 30'may'2015'''This'policy'brief'presents'the'findings'of'the'fifth'work'package'(WP5)' of'the'Learning (from (Innovation (In public (Sector (Environments'(LIPSE)' project.''
Learning from Innovation In public Sector Environments (Work Package 5) European) Policy) Brief)#)5)))2! Learning!
'This'offers'new'possibilities'for'public'employees'to'coqcreate'a'working'environment'that'is'compatible'with'their'work/life'balance'aspirations.'
'For'example,'where'there'are'relevant'distances'between'homes'and'workplaces'(because'of'mountainous'territories,'densely'inhabited'cities,'etc.'
work/life! balance! and! other! dailyclife! aspects.!These! may! vary! depending on! the! territory! considered.!Organizations!
with respect to'work/life'balance'and'other'dailyq life'aspects.''These'may'vary'depending'on'the'territory'considered.'
'and'also'the'need'to'manage'work'activities'and'relationships'with'colleagues'autonomously.''8. Highlight'the'diffused'benefits'achievable'for'both'managers'and'employees'through'the'experimentation!
Work should facilitate: Creation of high-fidelity models of challenging features (transparency, size) This should be validated by testbeds with regards to the practical application and analytic potential of the new models for research, interpretation, scholarship and innovation in curation
and labour activity data in general. We also did some correlation and regression analysis of innovative sectors/industries,
i e. the movement of highly skilled labour away from less developed regions towards more highly developed regions (or to foreign countries).
in order to motivate locally born graduates who acquired their degrees from a university somewhere else to return to their home town for work.
and only Southern Transdanubia scores even lower in terms of the percentage rate of syndicate tenders (9. 5%).Te nder syndicates formed jointly by the private se ctor and the public se ctor work
2011 1 26 576 14 722 16 920 11 075 9 996 10 671 10 966 2 Labour productivity (expressed in man-hours
works in close cooperation with other government agencies, ministries, bureaus, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, higher education institutions and research institutes,
2) The EU's strategy for digitisation and preservation builds on the work done over the last few years in the digital libraries initiative.
and the Commission's proposal for an Orphan Works Directive of 24 may 2011.5) Therefore, an updated set of measures for digitising
and use it for leisure, studies or work. It will give Europe's diverse and multilingual heritage a clear profile on the internet,
12) On 24 may 2011 the Commission made a proposal for a Directive for orphan works.
and implemented to ensure a harmonised approach to the issue of orphan works throughout the EU. For the largescale digitisation of out-of-commerce works,
The availability of all public domain masterpieces (key cultural or historical works and objects as determined and selected by the Member States) through Europeana will enrich the content of the site, in line with the expectations of the users.
18) In as far as cinematographic works are concerned the present Recommendation complements the Parliament and Council Recommendation of 16 november 2005 on film heritage and the competitiveness of related industrial activities1 on a number of aspects,
a) rapid and correct transposition and implementation of the provisions of the Directive on orphan works, once it is adopted,
and crossborder accessibility of works that are out-of-commerce, (c) contributing to and promoting the availability of databases with rights information, connected at the European level, such as ARROW;
a) ensuring that rightholders deliver works to legal deposit libraries without technical protection measures, or that, alternatively, they make available to legal deposit libraries the means to ensure that the technical protection measures do not impede the acts that libraries have to undertake for preservation purposes, in full respect of European union and international legislation on intellectual property rights,(b) where relevant,
making legal provision to allow the transfer of digital legal deposit works from one legal deposit library to other deposit libraries that also have the right to these works,
and to the Director and staff of the Regional Authority for their work in bringing this process to a successful conclusion.
and travel (for work, social and recreational purposes) between all the main settlements within the region with ease.
the main means of transport to get to work is a car or van (77.6%of all work trips in 2006).
At around a quarter of all trips to work, the use of green modes of transport approximately matches the proportion using these modes in other regions, with the exception of Dublin
Park Facilitating works at St. Mullins New recreation hall in Bagenalstown New Town Parks in Carlow and Tullow New Civic Offices in Tullow Restoration of civic offices
a multipurpose sports and leisure facility in Kilkenny City Expansion of Maynooth University Outreach, Kilkenny City Improvements to waste water and water supply to Kilkenny City Works have commenced on the water supply
and northwest city area Water conservation rehabilitation works. Wexford Wexford Opera house Broadband MAN in Wexford Town M11 Gorey Bypass N30 Enniscorthy-Clonroche Holmestown Landfill & Civic Amenity Site New Ross
while at the same time ensuring that smaller farmers have the opportunity to supplement their farm income through off-farm work.
and developing best practice through policy and work practices. The Southeast Region contains over 15,000 Recorded Monuments protected under the National monuments Acts
Additional facilities will be considered where new projects can service the sustainable development of hubs and gateways, strategic developing areas and works to support employment creation.
The Regional Authority will continue to work with local authorities, state agencies and service providers to ensure the swift and efficient roll out of broadband telecommunications infrastructure to smaller towns and rural areas in the region.
This development has been supported by local authorities through their Directors of Community and Enterprise and through the work of the County Development Boards.
to work in and do business In this is the key to building critical mass and achieving population targets.
work or to visit. D9 Undertaking a coordinated approach to the protection of landscapes, in accordance with the European Landscape Convention.
and access work, education, shops and services is fundamental to the success of the settlement strategy.
and commute daily to work. Some may have roots in these areas, others may have no connection with the land but seek a rural lifestyle.
In many cases, locations chosen are considerable distances from where people work, reinforcing travel patterns that are based dependent on car commuting. 3. 12.2 Rural Settlement Policy The region has a high proportion of its population living in rural areas.
Rural-generated housing needs arise for people who are an intrinsic part of the rural community by way of background or the fact that they work full-time or part-time in rural areas.
Community facilities, such as childcare, after-school care, elder care and other services should be provided at appropriate locations. 4. 2 Regional Gateway The availability of a critical mass of labour
The development of these locations would help to reduce travel to-work journey times. Key Strategic Infrastructure to support development of the Hubs
PPO 4. 3 It is an objective of the Regional Authority to work in partnership with key stakeholders to develop a sustainable Strategic Commercial
If balanced regional development is to work, the spatial structure must be supported by policies aimed at enhancing the attractiveness of areas for people to ensure that there is a combination of social and cultural facilities for both people and business.
PPO 4. 15 It is an objective of the Regional Authority to work with the relevant authorities including the Doehlg/National parks
This section sets out the economic potential and opportunities of the region and is based on the work of Forfás,
continuing cost pressures, particularly in more labour intensive activities, combined with the deteriorating economic conditions globally, sees the manufacturing sector facing serious challenges in the immediate future.
attracting and retaining skilled people, particularly internationally mobile skilled labour; attracting knowledge intensive internationally mobile Foreign Direct Investment.
This has resulted in diverging and competitive dynamics within the region and perhaps also a missed opportunity to work with this distinctive diversity through a more coordinated approach to regional development.
business and other tourism interests work collaboratively to develop and promote tourism. Particular focus should be on projects to improve access to the regional attractions,
fuel efficient and healthy modes of transport to work, school, shopping and for recreational purposes.
Work with all the relevant agencies and local authorities to implement the upgrading of the N24 as set out in the N24 Prioritisation Study (Southeast Regional Authority, 2008.
or where rail upgrade works are proposed, provision should be made for rail freight facilities including freight handling equipment. 88 Regional Planning Guidelines for the Southeast Region 2010-2022 Section 5:
and where upgrade works are planned. Shortterm RP8 Provision of a new rail-passenger platform on the North Quays in Waterford City as part of a new Public transport Interchange.
Projects with a demonstrable impact on the sustainable development of hubs and gateways under the NSS, strategic developing areas and works to support employment creation will also be prioritised. 5. 2. 2 W
county towns, strategic developing areas and works to support employment creation. The need to focus on the quality of effluent produced is underlined by the Waste Water Discharge (Authorisation) Regulations, 2007
or where rail upgrade works are proposed, provision should be made for rail freight facilities including freight handling equipment.
The Regional Authority will continue to work with local authorities state agencies and service providers to ensure the swift and efficient rollout of broadband telecommunications infrastructure to smaller towns and rural areas in the region.
Installation of carrier neutral ducting with all significant civil works such as roads, water and sewerage infrastructure.
Installation of carrier neutral ducting in conjunction with all significant civil works such as roads, water and sewerage infrastructure.
-Within larger urban areas, internationally mobile labour with‘in demand'skills are attracted often to cities and larger towns where there is a vibrant social
which used local materials and labour. The majority of vernacular structures are rural and urban domestic dwellings such as thatched houses,
(or underwater) and possibly may become uncovered following development/excavation work. -Promote access to, and public awareness of, archaeological sites and National monuments. 8. 4 Linguistic Heritage & Promotion of An Ghaeltacht Gaeltacht areas are considered to have unique cultural and environmental attractions,
Promote the use of Irish in the Gaeltacht area in the home, schools and in the workplace.
All programmes and works to develop the coastal walkway will be required to comply with the principles of sustainable development
It will be a matter for the local authorities in the region, through their annual and any multi-annual capital works programmes,
The work of the Implementation Committee will need, however to be supported by a number of other implementation groups dealing with more specific areas such as planning issues that traverse administrative boundaries. 10.2.2 Investment Prioritisation Group Delivery of critical enabling investment
explorative and role play. 12 Here we represent some of the key conclusions of our work in the form of sea stars:
and live by increasing both location independence (allowing people to see work as an activity rather than a place) and the importance of specifi c places for face to face interaction.
and enable a huge range of environmentally sustainable ways of work, play, learning activity. 20 We propose:
electronics and medicine to work towards an overarching vision to design, fabricate and achieve control of nanoscale systems,
Indeed, economics generally tackles issues of technology, labour and growth in relation to an explanation of individual behavior and price mechanisms,
They urge for further academic work to analyze how and why development is the result of co-evolutionary processes involving industry, fi nance and public sector. These three processes together infl uence development,
Tom Fleming, Consultant on creativity and economic development This report and the work of the panel were supported by DG Enterprise and Industry as part of the preparations for a new European innovation policy.
Figure 6. The Process of Drafting RIS3CAT The work of drafting RIS3CAT was promoted and coordinated by a Steering committee formed by representatives from the ministries of Economy
and Knowledge and Business and Labour (see Section 4, Governance). The document was produced in a two-way, iterative process that combined both top-down and bottom-up approaches,
based on such factors as intensive use of labour and current growth of leading companies. 5. Global sector trends (estimates of world demand, supply, prices, Community policies, etc.)
and stakeholders in the Catalan R&i system that work in coincident sectors and cooperate to incorporate R&i into production activities in the leading sectors.
or three years, enabling them to develop work programmes and consolidate their business activity in the global market.
as well as fostering the transfer of results from research work to the business fabric. Within the context of the global economy and the knowledge society, it also becomes essential to strengthen the international dimension of business innovation.
-Training and professionalisation to enable stakeholders to work in a global environment and on international projects.
organisational innovation, based on reducing administrative costs, improving job satisfaction and access to noncommercial goods (such as external, uncatalogued knowledge) or reducing supply costs,
and the Secretariat for Business and Competitiveness (Ministry of Business and Labour. 4. Governance 58 The main functions of the RIS3CAT Steering committee are:
which works to optimise the system for financing Government initiatives with European funds and to identify new areas for cooperation within the framework of the priorities that the European commission establishes. 4. 3. Participation of the quadruple helix The exercise
Figure 6. The Process of Drafting RIS3CAT The work of drafting RIS3CAT was promoted and coordinated by a Steering committee formed by representatives from the ministries of Economy
and Knowledge and Business and Labour (see Section 4, Governance). The document was produced in a two-way, iterative process that combined both top-down and bottom-up approaches,
based on such factors as intensive use of labour and current growth of leading companies. 5. Global sector trends (estimates of world demand, supply, prices, Community policies, etc.)
and stakeholders in the Catalan R&i system that work in coincident sectors and cooperate to incorporate R&i into production activities in the leading sectors.
or three years, enabling them to develop work programmes and consolidate their business activity in the global market.
as well as fostering the transfer of results from research work to the business fabric. Within the context of the global economy and the knowledge society, it also becomes essential to strengthen the international dimension of business innovation.
-Training and professionalisation to enable stakeholders to work in a global environment and on international projects.
organisational innovation, based on reducing administrative costs, improving job satisfaction and access to noncommercial goods (such as external, uncatalogued knowledge) or reducing supply costs,
and the Secretariat for Business and Competitiveness (Ministry of Business and Labour. 4. Governance 58 The main functions of the RIS3CAT Steering committee are:
which works to optimise the system for financing Government initiatives with European funds and to identify new areas for cooperation within the framework of the priorities that the European commission establishes. 4. 3. Participation of the quadruple helix The exercise
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