do supported government national, regional and local technology diffusion programmes work? To what extent are adapted such programmes to the specific needs and characteristics of SMES?
and interaction of the organizational members while they carry out their work and goals. Innovation is considered as every day issue for members of organizations in defining their problems,
Wierdsma,(2004) and Yuan and Woodman (2010) state that innovation is seen as rising trend in day to day work of organizational members
Docherty, P.,Kira, M. ans Shani (Rami) A b s. Creating sustainable work systems. Developing social sustainability.
with the aim of strengthening integration and synchronization of national research programmes contributing to the achievement of a European Research Area 6. Work Programme 7 Links:
EN HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014 2015 7. Innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises Revised This Work Programme was adopted on 10 december 2013.
European commission Decision C (2015) 2453 of 17 april 2015) HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 2 of 37
35 HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 3 of 37 11.
35 HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 4 of 37 Introduction Exiting the economic crisis
While certain Work Programme parts and areas have been identified explicitly as participating in the Pilot on Open Research Data
and areas can choose to participate in the Pilot on a voluntary basis. The use of a Data Management 1 http://ec. europa. eu/regional policy/indexes/in your country en. cfm HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME
Mainstreaming SME support especially through a dedicated instrument SME participation is encouraged throughout this work programme and in particular in the priorities Industrial Leadership and Societal Challenges.
The specific challenges of the topics which make use of the dedicated SME instrument are described in the respective parts of the work programme.
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 6 of 37 SME-SPACE-1-2014/2015 SME instrument 8 50
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 7 of 37 Scope:
and services as well as access to the financial facilities supported under Access to Risk Finance of this work programme. 5 For topic PHC-12-2014/2015,
demographic change and wellbeing work programme part. 6 The commercialisation plan must demonstrate a credible path to the market also demonstrating the capacities to go from development to the production phase.
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 8 of 37 Successful beneficiaries will be offered coaching
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 9 of 37 CONDITIONS FOR THIS COMMON CALL Opening dates7:
The conditions are described in parts B and C of the General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions:
and threshold are described in part H of the General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions:
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 10 of 37 Evaluation procedure:
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 11 of 37 Call-Enhancing SME innovation capacity by providing better innovation
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 12 of 37 Scope:
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 13 of 37 Stimulate the creation of new globally competitive industrial value chains across the EU
http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/industrial-competitiveness/industrial-policy/intellectual-property-rights/index en. htm HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015
2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 15 of 37 Type of action:
http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/industrial-competitiveness/industrial-policy/intellectual-property-rights/index en. htm HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015
and SMES and have proven to be a successful instrument to support the spin-in of technology and HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 17 of 37 knowledge
Coordination and support action 14 See for example http://www. innovation. lv/ino2/publications/Riga declaration. pdf HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES
WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 19 of 37 A broad range of new topics
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 20 of 37 develop
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 21 of 37 resource optimisation or networking (Vanhaverbeke et al.
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 22 of 37 Open innovation will allow SMES to sidestep the commoditisation pressure
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 23 of 37-Organisation of coaching meetings to share best practice examples among coaches,
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 24 of 37 CONDITIONS FOR THIS CALL Opening dates18:
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 25 of 37 Eligibility and admissibility conditions:
The conditions are described in parts B and C of the General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions:
and threshold are described in part H of the General Annexes to the work programme, with the following exceptions:
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 26 of 37-ambition of acceptance of the private foreign service providers.
Professionalisation of open innovation management in SMES HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 27 of 37 Other actions
suitable coaches and support their work that would address the recognised barriers to growth on the basis of a jointly agreed‘coaching plan'.
In each consortium, Network partners willing to HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 28 of 37 participate in this action have to demonstrate that relevant
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 29 of 37 Type of action:
First, by providing a capacity building environment for the innovation advisors (staff of Enterprise Europe Network) that work in regions with a weakly developed consulting base and no own assessment and consulting tools;
'HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 30 of 37 To cover specific costs of operation,
win everywhere, Harvard Business Review Press HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 31 of 37 innovation.
Development of support material for the intermediary organisations, including business associations, for their work with the SMES as well as training material for SMES.
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 32 of 37 Type of action:
ii) for the work with SME and (iii) during the design of new SME innovation support actions.
EUR 2. 20 million from the 2015 budget HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 33 of 37 6
EUR 0. 35 million from the 2014 budget 7-Support to Advisory Group Innovation in SMES 22 This action will support the work of the Advisory Group Innovation in SMES.
The Group has been set up to provide stakeholder input on the overall Horizon 2020 scientific and technological strategy, with respect to maximising the SME relevance and impact of the various work programmes and activities.
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 34 of 37 Indicative budget:
The work of the expert group will be essential to get a better overview of the investment-readiness landscape in Europe,
This action is linked to an investment readiness measure (Call H2020-BIR-2014 in the Access to Risk Finance Work Programme
I. HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 35 of 37 10-Eureka Annual Membership Fee This action will support coordination
Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European parliament and of the Council of 25 october 2012 HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 36 of 37
budgets of the common call of the SME instrument is provided in the introduction of this work programme part
and in the budget tables of the individual work programme parts. 27 The budget figures given in this table are rounded to two decimal places. 28 The budget figures given in this table are rounded to two decimal places.
HORIZON 2020 WORK PROGRAMME 2014-2015 Innovation in SMES PART 7-Page 37 of 37 Estimated total budget 36
17 40.03 Contribution to Horizontal activities (08.020500) 2014 Budget EUR million29 2015budget EUR million Dissemination activities (see Part 17 of the work programme) 0
. 06 of which half from 02.040203 and half from 08.020203 0. 06 of which 0. 03 from 02.040203 and 0. 03 from 08.020203 Corporate communication (see Part 17 of the work programme) 0. 03
The Commission of the European communities takes part in the work of the OECD (Article 13 of the OECD Convention.
Promouvoir l'entreprenariat et les PME innovantes dans une économie mondialisée OECD 2004 Permission to reproduce a portion of this work for noncommercial purposes
and sets out some policy messages and recommendations that have emerged from preparatory work in the OECD Working Party for SMES and Entrepreneurship.
and ways to encourage 1. This work is an important part of the follow-up to the OECD Growth Project (The New Economy:
The main messages emerging from the preparatory work for the conference incorporated in a series of background reports,
to permit policy-relevant empirical analytical work to be carried out. The issues that are involved are considered further below.
and sufficiently healthy and flexibly skilled labour. SME development strategy must be integrated into the broader national PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATIVE SMES IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY OECD 2004 33 development and poverty reduction strategy of transition and developing countries.
A recurrent theme in the work summarised here is need the for systematic assessment and review of SME policies and programmes.
of Culture, Media and Sport and agencies 332 Department of education and Skills and agencies 138 Regional Development Agencies 274 Department of Work and Pensions 71 Local authorities 300 Tax
A second recurrent theme in the preparatory work for the Istanbul Conference has been the poor empirical basis for informed policy making in the area of SMES and entrepreneurship.
Nonmember economies should be involved in this work where possible. Develop an integrated business statistical register. This requires that countries introduce a single identification number for enterprises,
at least in certain industries (see the series of works by Acs and Audretsch, 1988,1990. But at the same time, innovation in small and medium enterprises exhibits some peculiar features that most traditional indicators of innovation activity would not capture,
they were very similar in the sections used in this work. All firms with more than 500 employees were included,
however, in that firms that work closely with only a few customers begin to depend mainly on their own internal 11 resources for ideas rather than seek new information from the outside.
In addition, by taking over the front-end skilled design work, GF's customers have need no to retain these expensive skills in-house for occasional use
Figure 3. 3 shows the focus of academic work in the field of innovation models over the last thirteen years.
much of the work is so sector specific, the value is limited. Indeed, apart from some relevant research in Finland and Holland (de Jong et al.
and New Service Development An extensive and well understood corpus of work exists on product innovation.
The most recognized work is associated with Robert Cooper and co-workers, and is known generally as the stage-gate process (Cooper, 1994).
It is not clear whether it works well for service innovation, which, as we shall see,
I trust the people I work with; I find it easy to be open and honest with people from other departments Risk The degree to which the organization,
In addition, the firm should also look for new hires that have diverse work experiences, education, demographics, knowledge,
As a result, national customers usually have to work with many centers and fail to get the desired quality
, how the work was recorded, rather than specifically as an aid to subsequent remote, future projects.
Highlights For SMES in the OECD, economic globalisation has created new competitors, especially in low labour cost countries,
One of the most important implications of globalisation is that the comparative advantage of OECD nations is shifting away from traditional factors of production, such as land, labour and capital, towards knowledge-based economic activities.
and other production costs sufficiently to compete with the low-cost foreign producers,(3) substitute equipment and technology for labour to increase productivity,
Substituting capital and technology for labour, along with shifting production to lower-cost locations has resulted in waves of corporate downsizing throughout Europe and North america.
rarely work with other companies; have no development activities; and rarely bring new products on the market.
But knowledge as an input is inherently different than the more traditional inputs of labour,
It is not simply the concentration of skilled labour, suppliers and information that distinguish the region.
But doing so requires skilled labour, and high investments in human capital. -Continual innovation. Both the nature of the products,
In these specialised industrial districts an agglomeration of producers within an industry work in close physical proximity.
These firms generally favoured decentralised manufacturing locations in close proximity to other firms within the network in an effort to preserve small effective work groups. 55.
Globalisation has shifted clearly the comparative advantage of OECD countries away from traditional inputs of production land, labour, capital and toward knowledge.
These firms perform some development and design work, often have an absorptive capacity that recognises
The work adds to the theory of the firm, as it presents a new way of evaluating firm performance.
which I am sure will be helpful in my future research work. Thomas Hedner, my dear friend and colleague at Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, has been very instrumental in both introducing
and enlightening me as the work progressed. His input into the thesis and our general discussions during the journeys between Gothenburg and Linköping have added a lot to my understanding of research conduct and best practices of scientific inquiry.
I sincerely wish to thank, also, Joakim Wincent from Luleå University of Technology, for his deep insight into and criticism of my work,
I present this work in her memory. Adli Abouzeedan Gothenburg June 15, 2011 11 Table of contents 1. Introduction 13 Why study small firms?
however, it is used also in this work in order to align the research text with existing practices. Furthermore, the models do not present performance in a dynamic way,
The quantitative parameters of interest to this work are: sales, turn over, intake, and absorption of new technologies indicated by investments in these technologies and total costs of production.
17 The focus of this work is to discuss SME performance evaluation while accounting for the impact of innovation on firm efficiency in relation to both the firm's internal and external environments.
This work attempts to alert scholars working with firm performance research that a better approach is needed.
An objective of the work is to correlate organization theory (Scott 2003) to the theory of the firm by considering the impact of networking on SME performance
and growth of small firms. 18 It is important to emphasize that this work aims to communicate its message to two types of individuals.
I feel that it is essential to explain how this work has developed, because the journey was far from conventional.
Based on that work, the university awarded me, in accordance with its standards, a Phd degree.
Researchers have done a lot of work in relation to performance within the finance discipline but their work is related not directly to the way
I tried to build the SIV model. Modern finance theory assumes a perfect market (Simkowitz 1972.
SMES often work as suppliers to larger corporations, and as thus transaction costs are highly relevant to their situation.
That necessitated a discussion of the axiological and epistemological aspects of the research performed in this thesis. The initial work to build the desired model (Abouzeedan 2001) applied a textual/statistical analysis method to existing basic information from a Swedish database (Affärsdata
Developing this work made it clear to me that there is already a lot of gained experience in the area of building performance models of SMES,
Combining a firm-perspective with a societal perspective This discussion should also clarify why the reader will see works in this thesis that are focused more on the firm-perspective (paper 1, 2,
I also reflect on some possible future research extensions to this work. 28 As a closing note to this introductory chapter,
. Although such a task was pursued not in this work, it is believed that the foundation for it is laid already.
In that work, Klofsten (1992b) described a couple of models that he thought would give the widest possible understanding of the firm performance concept.
Besides the four major challenges, there are other challenges of less significance to my work. The issue of innovation must be considered
Klofsten's (1992b) work focuses on the earlier stages of firm life. He distinguished between two groups of firm models:
Allee (1999, p. 126) defined structural capital as, Systems and work process that leverage competitiveness.
The bureaucratic theory is limited actually a contribution to a much more encompassing work of analysis of the German writer to Western civilization as a whole.
who based his works on analyzed data collected by Roethlisberger and Dickson (1939). Social psychologists such as Likert (1961) and Katz et al.
Marxists argue that organizational structures are not rational systems for performing work in the most efficient manner;
The combination of rationality and openness in organizational systems is made clear in James D. Thompson's (1967) work.
Earlier works on the competitive advantage of organization emphasized tangible resources, such financial capital and location (Scott 2003.
This school of thinking is based to a great extent on the work of scholars at the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, in England.
Early work in this field recognized the extent to which organizations were shaped by political and legal frameworks, the rules governing market behavior,
One new work in this area is the Actor-Networks Theory (ANT. The theory advises us to look at events, actions,
Some small firm failure prediction researchers recommend that future work should broaden the scope of small firm performance predictors to include additional nonfinancial variables (Peel and Peel 1987.
Table 5-1). The first three quantitative parameters of interest to this work are the turnover (or sales), production costs, and profit margins.
(which requires further verification in more empirical work). If one considers a 45 degree slope to be the lower limit for an SPI indicator pointing to higher growth rates
and a lot of empirical work is required to determine a more accurate location for these borders. Furthermore, the borders of the transitional area depend on the nature of the sector in
the most relevant difference between the two companies is that one of them works in a classical economic activity (fishery),
while the other works in healthcare technology. It is possible to generalize these two case studies to assess the ability of the SIV model to address the stated challenges that face SME performance models.
The existing work handled the issue from various other aspects, such as business strategy and management practices.
The paper originated as a single-authored work, wherein I tried to establish a strategic approach for the usage of SME performance models.
The diagram guides the researchers into possible future performance models development work. The ASPEM diagram is flexible and practical.
The first is a short work published in 2001, in which we presented the concept of the SIV model (Abouzeedan 2001).
This paper presents the first published empirical work, excepting the working paper of 2001 (Abouzeedan 2001), in
Summary of paper 3 The original work upon which paper 3 was based proposed a new parameter of the SIV model (Abouzeedan 2001, Abouzeedan and Busler 2002) the Survival Index (SI.
That is why it is important to run a prediction power test before performing the analysis. The case study presented in this work indicated the analytical power of the new model,
That led me to write the first version of this work. The first draft of this effort started as working paper,
Summary of paper 4 This work introduced a new type of capital innovation capital. In the paper, we argued that innovation capital can be used as an indicator for the degree of richness of the entrepreneurial environment in a region,
The paper is a good example of a policy-oriented work, and was published in a special volume entitled Science, Technology and Sustainability in the middle East and North africa.
The volume included works from various scholars who are interested in issues of economic development in that region.
The firm works to adapt personal cars for the usage of handicapped people both as drivers and as passengers.
The policy discussion in paper 6 provided a good of example of how policy profiling profits from empirical work.
The policy discussion in paper 6 gave a good example of how policy profiling profits from empirical work.
The work achieved in this thesis contributes to firm theory (Cyert and Hedrick 1972, Moss 1984, Amess 2002, Jacobides and Winter 2007, Ricketts 2003),
Also, the work contributes to the literature's correlation of organization theory (Scott 2003) to the theory of the firm by emphasizing the impact of networking on SME performance.
The published works tend to avoid such discussion by focusing on alternative topics, such as business strategy models (Rasheed 2009, Cheng 2009, Steffens et al. 2009, Butler et al. 2001, Sonfield
Open capital should be integrated as a fourth component of innovation capital in any future work using the IBAM tool.
Policy-makers and governmental agencies that promote SMES can use the tools of analysis developed in this work,
A framework for empirical work. The Review of Economic Studies 62 (1), 53 82. Ettlie, J. E.,Bridges, W. and O'Keefe, R. D. 1984.
How open source software works: Free user-touser assistance. Research Policy 32 (6), 923 943. Laven, F. 2008.
An empirical taxonomy of structures of work organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly 14 (1), 115 126.
An examination of the psychological situation and defenses of a work group in relation to the social structure and technological context of the work system.
She is a member of the Committee on Sociology of Work of the International Sociological Association, the Executive council of the Society for the Advancement of Socioeconomics,
Also Co-chair of the Bell canada Research Chair on Technology and work organization professeur associé with Ecole nationale d'administration publique and UQAM, she has published many articles and books on employment and types of employment, job training, innovation in the workplace and work organization,
as well as the articulation between work and family life. See websites for details: www. teluq. uquebec. ca/chaireecosavoir www. teluq. uquebec. ca/chairebell www. teluq. uquebec. ca/interventionseconomiques www. teluq. uquebec. ca/chaireecosavoir
/cvdgt/e-mail: dgtrembl@teluq. uquebec. ca Note: This article has been adapted from a chapter of the book entitled Innovation socioterritoriale et reconversion économique:
founding analyses It must first be specified that the works by classical analysts of society and its evolution did not focus much on the notion of innovation.
Although Schumpeter's works have made it possible to isolate the role of the entrepreneur as a key agent of change in economic organizations,
the link must be made between Schumpeter and Veblen's works. Veblen and the role of technology Veblen makes an important contribution to the economic analysis of innovation,
Schumpeter and Veblen's works constitute important background for the development of an analysis which embeds innovation in society.
However, it was the evolutionary economists who completed their work by proposing a global vision of innovation.
Vernon's works show that there are five phases to a product initiated through innovation: novelty, growth, maturity, standardization and decline.
and authors who have drawn on their work. Thus, writings by Chambon, David and Deverey (1982) on social innovation, by Flichy (1995) on technical innovation or those by Alter (2000) on regular innovation reflect the emergence of a new approach to innovation.
The renewal of the concept of innovation is also related to the rediscovery of the works by Polanyi (1944
Construction of social innovation networks In the tradition of Mead's interactionalist perspective of sociology (1934), the works by Lazarsfeld et al.
Socially innovative action pertains to the field of strategy since it works on the action system of an organization or a community.
http://www. inno-group. com/)The contents of this work reflect the views of the author (s)
and to report back on‘what works'.'This report, which focuses on Innovation capacity of SMES,
is the fruit of their work. It showcases a selection of tried-and-tested policies and practices in innovation capacity of SMES that have been shared through the INTERREG IVC programme,
inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. IP is divided into two categories:
which includes literary and artistic works and is not relevant for the present report. 1 Ministerial report on the OECD Innovation Strategy, May 2010 2 EU recommendation 2003/361 3 DOD Financial Management
and public loans ERIK ACTION30 27 INNOSUP-4-2014 within the‘Innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises'Work Programme 28 GP described in the MINI-EUROPE Good
and the invoice is sent directly to NORT with a short report on the work done.
maintain and sustain members'relationships in distributed work environments). The VE/VO was tested particularly in the field of technological innovation and technology transfer,
o Grant for the labour costs of the innovation assistant; o Mandatory training of the innovation assistant by a specially designed postgraduate training programme established at the Donau University Krems;
and/or methods in their work. o Development of the above-mentioned pilot projects in the selected SMES. o Development of a mechanism to monitor the action,
The Urban Development Network Programme aims to improve the effectiveness of urban development policies. 57 H2020 call in the Innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises work programme:
INNOSUP-5-2014 58 H2020 call in the Innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises work programme:
INTERREG IVC project partners could include these data when defining their work programme, identifying GPS and analysing their conditions of transferability.
so much so that there is a call for‘a European label for innovation voucher programmes to support spin-in of technology'in the Horizon 2020 work programme‘Innovation in SMES'.
share information and knowledge and work together securely. This trend towards‘virtual'support through web-based platforms seems promising for support programmes,
maintain and sustain member relationships in distributed work environments). The VE/VO was experimented particularly in the field of technological innovation
Call in the Innovation in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises work programme. 2014. Link. INNOSUP-5 2014:
Call in the Innovation in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises work programme. 2014. Link Innovation and business strategy:
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