/id=11925 Estonian Competition Authority www. konkurentsiamet. ee Enterprise Estonia www. eas. ee Estonian Science Foundation www. etf. ee Estonian
Six model consortia have been awarded funds in the framework of a technology competition held by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology in close cooperation with the Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety.
which raises significant issues of privacy and competition. Right now few of these opportunities are being taken advantage of by European social innovators
whose dominant players set the terms of innovation and competition. Bria 2012) One of the motivations underpinning this research is investigating how Europe can embrace participatory
IPTV) DRM-heavy apolitical INDIVIDUALISM BUSINESS COMPETITION CENTRALLY CONTROLLED Open and distributed digital ecosystems to foster grassroots social innovation and entrepreneurship.
Competition based on open standards, protocols and formats are essential to deploy interoperability between data, devices, services and networks.
One of them is the examples of competitions and challenges. One of Europe's biggest open data competitions is the Open Data Challenge15.
It was organized by the Open Knowledge Foundation, the Openforum Academy and Share-PSI. eu. It offered 20,
There are many other competitions, such as Apps4finland16, the biggest European apps contest organized since 2009 and Apps for Amsterdam promoted by the City of Amsterdam to make accessible to developers and citizens the data of the City. 44 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe OPEN KNOWLEDGE Co
adapted from Sestini, F (Digital) Innovation Venture capital Big data and cloud computing COMPETITION, ECONOMIC ENTERESTS Innovation and innovation policy are not new to the European union.
There are other elements such as prizes, competitions, events, knowledge sharing and dissemination that should also be included in the mechanisms for DSI policy.
The competition invited Europeans to come up with new solutions to reduce unemployment and minimise its corrosive effects on the economy and society.
Any privileged access provided to the owner/managers of the infrastructure would alter free competition.
and freedom of information online, reasserts the principle of fair competition and guarantees that users may freely choose between services online.
and analysed with the main objective of maximising value extraction (e g. for marketing, economic competition and surveillance).
competitions and challenges or jams would be very helpful mechanisms to deploy. Secondly, beyond general events, the DSI strategy requires a communication strategy.
uk/open-data-challenge-series 44 http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/policy/social-innovation/competition/45 http://en
and competitiveness poles relevant for regional industry Entrepreneurship and spin-off support (business plans competitions, regional venture capital funds) Incentives for regionally-relevant public research Entrepreneurship support (networks of individuals, training courses,
Mechanisms should be in place to detect activities facing increasing competition and to devote special attention to these,
to face up to the new forms of competition that are developing in the global economy. SMES are thus at the core of Cohesion Policy.
whether the smart specialisation strategy is able to resist global competition or take advantage of global competition opportunities (often niche markets).
Many reports are showing that lots of SMES do not use the full potential of either the internal or the external market.
This will result in an EU economy that is more competitive in a world of high energy prices and tough resource constraints and competition.
and can make a business stand out among the competition. However, the lack of design management skills is a significant barrier to the wider adoption and integration of design into Europe's businesses.
The high level of competition for EU funding makes sure that taxpayers'money goes to the best projects that tackle issues that concern all of us.
http://tinyurl. com/cghra6v 2. More jobs, improved lives, better society EU Research and Innovation can help to exit the current economic crisis With an ageing population and strong competition from emerging economies,
water resources are constantly under pressure from climate change, urbanisation, pollution, overexploitation of freshwater resources and increasing competition between various user groups.
Upper Austria 1. Introduction Innovation is one of the most important strategies of competition, both for small and large firms.
The strategies of competition. Competition through improved quality and new functions favours innovation whereas price competition is less stimulating (Smallbone et al.
2000). ) Competition based on design leads to frequent product innovations, but they are usually incremental. This heterogeneity is one of the reasons why there are contradictory results comparing the levels of innovativeness between SMES and large firms.
Some studies have found evidence that SMES are generally more innovative (Pavitt et al. 1987; Acs and Audretsch, 1990),
because it makes it possible for competition to invade formerly safe market niches (Malecki and To dtling, 1995;
shaping regional and local institutions for global competition. In: Bertuglia, C.,Fischer, M.,Preto, G. Eds.
Culture and Competition in Silicon valley and Route 128. Harvard university Press, Cambridge, MA. Smallbone, D.,North, D.,Vickers, I.,2000.
In the context of globalisation and increasing international competition, its aim is to strengthen the innovation capability and competitiveness of European industries.
but also competition between actors (Lorenz 1992, Dei Ottati 2005). Examples of well-known industrial districts in Italy include the textile industry in Prato, furniture making in Poggibonsi, ceramic products in Sassuolo, machinery products in Modena, shoes in Montegranaro, the silk
competition within clusters pushes their innovation capacities; they share costs of infrastructure; spatial proximity reduces transaction costs
The horizontal dimension covers issues of competition and variation, which the author considers crucial in understanding the cluster phenomenon.
Such openness is of particular importance during periods of rapid technological change or intense global competition (De-Martino, Mchardy Reid and Zyglidopoulous 2006:‘
Although scientific competition could lead to cutthroat behaviour, instead in Boston it created a‘virtuous cycle':
Because of the high specialisation and concentration there is also high competition within the cluster (Nadvi and Halder 2005;
But on the other hand this could foster increasing competition and the danger of loosing specialised know-how to the subcontractors abroad
and the hard competition and mistrust within the cluster are a stimulus for entrepreneurship and innovation(‘structural mistrust').
‘The majority of the firms are avoiding direct competition by pursuing a niche strategy and using longstanding personal ties'(Binder and Sautter 2006: 157).
Global competition and entrepreneurial behaviour in industrial districts: Trust relations in an Italian industrial district.
the New Global Competition for Talent. New york: Harper collins. Flynn, D. M. 1993: A critical exploration of sponsorship, infrastructure and new organizations.
Clusters and the new Economics of Competition. Harvard Business Review (11-12), 77-90. Porter, M. 2000:
Location, Competition and Economic Development: Local Clusters in a Global economy. Economic Development Quarterly 14 (1), 15-34.
Regional advantage, culture and competition in Silicon valley and Route 128. Cambridge, Mass.:Harvard Univ. Press.
Social structure and Competition in Interfirm Networks: The Paradox of Embeddedness. Administrative Science Quarterly 42 (1), 35-67.
covering 80%of homes as opposed to 68%in the EU. In Hungary there is strong platform competition between xdsl and cable broadband.
unfavourable framework conditions for innovation, in particular an unpredictable business environment, a high administrative burden and competition not conducive to innovation;
growth, innovation dynamics and market competition. The analysis used data from the EU KLEMS Productivity and Growth Accounts2 (macro-data) as well as from the E-business Survey 2007 (micro-data.
and in exchanges with suppliers and customers and assesses the impact of ICT for firm performance in a context of global competition.
Sebw is informed supporting policy decision-making, in particular in the fields of innovation, competition and structural policy.
Information Society Benchmarking Report In 2005, taking globalisation and intense international competition into consideration, the European commission launched a new industrial policy7 with the aim to create better framework conditions for manufacturing industries in the coming years.
Do the findings on these research questions above have implications for policy, for example in the fields of economic, competition, industrial or innovation policy?
which often face substantial difficulties in attracting qualified ICT and e-business professionals in competition with larger players
forced by competition as shown by case studies on AIT (France) and N c. Cammack & Son (UK) to adopt warehouse management solutions.
in order to illustrate how two different sized firms can successfully coexist in a market where the competition is very aggressive.
Almost 40%of firms said that ICT-enabled technologies have a significant influence on competition in the TLS sector.
The responses-quite similar for the two reasons suggested-showed that those motives were considered less important drivers for ICT adoption compared to competition:
All these characteristics determine the level of competition in the industry. These industry structure components influence a firm's conduct.
and Section 4. 3 looks at the relationship between ICT deployment and competition (market structure implications)
This is true for manufacturing industries with rapidly changing production technologies and intensive technological competition. In such industries the speed of adoption of new production processes plays a decisive role for remaining at the cutting edge.
rivalry in the market and outsourcing This section explores to what extent the deployment of ICT is linked with competition in the market,
1. How do companies perceive the impact of ICT on competition? 2. Does the intensity of competition,
notably a perceived increase in the market rivalry, constitute an incentive to adopt ICT (as a tool to withstand competitive pressure, e g. by cutting costs)?
Firms want to escape competition by innovating. This can be done by securing a monopoly position, which might stem from a successful innovation protected from imitating by means of a patent, a trademark,
The hypothesised relevance of increasing market competition for the intensity of ICT adoption was confirmed. In other words, more intense competition forces companies to use innovative technologies to cut costs and look for more innovative ways of conducting Business firm size is an advantage:
Firm size appears to have a considerably strong effect on the adoption of ICT. Exhibit 4. 3-1:
First, increasing market competition is one of the driving forces behind ICT usage. In other words, more intense competition make E-business in the transport
& logistics industry 118 companies use innovative technologies in order to cut costs and look for more innovative ways of conducting business.
being faced to intense competition, structural changes of the market and resulting declining revenues, AIT, a supplier of transport and logistic services located in France near Lyon,
being faced to intense competition, structural changes of the market and resulting declining revenues AIT decided to implement a new transport and warehouse management solution in 2003.
The competition is very aggressive in this market. AIT is facing huge competitors like Geodis or Schenker as well as very small companies.
increased competition etc) and the loss of some key customers. To face this situation AIT had need a growing to analyse its Business activity in details
so in this area the competition is for the market not in the market. The main activity of ALSA is the operation of regular road passenger transport services (bus
The competition in the combined market is very aggressive and a multitude of companies is competing on this market.
Dorina Mironescu, CFR Information technology Director 5. 5. 1 Background and objectives Ever since the liberalisation of the railway market in 1998, Romanian railway companies have been facing intense competition from road
In the context of increased competition due to the liberalisation of the rail freight market in 2003 in France,
and shaped by rampant competition. Recent years have seen a number of major acquisitions leading to the creation of global groups.
This results in avoiding the very costly problem of losing existing customers to the competition.
Hupac prepared itself early on for fair competition: Ongoing extension of the network, independence from the railways as well as investment in its own assets such as rolling stock.
Saima Avandero faces intense competition on its market with the main competitors being TNT DHL, Kuehne & Nagel and Schenker.
Moderate financial support can be given in the form of prizes for competitions featuring innovative e-business applications. 124 Potential small business benefits
The project will run an open competition on potential innovative solutions using robotics technology. The competition will focus only on the challenges to address, without specification of the final expected output.
The aim is also to demonstrate the effectiveness of such processes to meet societal needs and lead to wider adoption by governments.
as well as EU governments at every level which will enjoy reduced costs through automated and simplified processes and more competition in bids.
For Italian firms facing increased cost-based competition from emerging-market exporters, the former has perhaps become more and more important.
NON-PRICE COMPETITIVENESS A. Quality Indicators The relative strength of Italian exporters may also reflect their ongoing efforts to fend off competition by upgrading the quality of their products.
and 716 (about 53 per cent) small scale enterprises had undertaken technological innovations primarily due to external factors such as competition, technological change, customer requirements,
On the other hand, external factors such as customer requirements, information given by suppliers of equipments/materials, market opportunities, availability and accessibility of institutional support, economic incentives, competition, etc. might also prompt some entrepreneurs
and external factors such as customer requirements, information given by suppliers of equipments and materials, competition, etc. are responsible for a majority of SMES to innovate.
information provided by suppliers of equipments and materials, market 13 opportunities, and competition. Thus both‘technology push
)- Customer demand-Market opportunities-Suppliers of equipments/materials-Institutional support-Economic Incentives-Competition Technological Innovation in Products and/or Processes Cost reduction, quality improvement
prospects are slim that private market competition alone will produce the necessary standardisation of EHRS as further discussed below. 62 CHAPTER 2. WHAT PREVENTS COUNTRIES FROM IMPROVING EFFICIENCY THROUGH ICTS?
Open source health care applications would provide healthy competition to the existing closed source commercial market, encouraging innovation whilst promoting compatibility and interoperation.
-and innovation networks and clusters SMES can develop their own businesses in collaboration and competition with other firms in the cluster/network.
Studies of needs of SMES show that they need funding without undue delays (e g. waiting for a specific competition.
reining in inefficient public spending, reducing taxes, deregulating and improving competition, stimulating entrepreneurship, investing in infrastructure and giving research a greater commercial focus.
It is also why we are instituting a number of longer-term processes looking in detail at taxation, the Federation, the financial system, competition policy, workplace relations, energy, agriculture and the development of northern Australia, among other issues,
trade, competition, employment and participation. As G20 president, Australia will show leadership in pursuing a new wave of economic reform.
and improving access to international markets and opening up the economy to greater domestic and international competition.
and improving access to international markets and opening up the economy to greater domestic and international competition.
Increasing domestic and international competition The Government will further open our economy to domestic and international competition
Greater competition within Australia will also provide incentives for domestic producers to innovate and lift their productivity,
The Government will respond to the recommendations in the Competition Policy Review's final report,
to increase competition and thereby drive innovation and productivity. The Review has been asked to fully consider competition policies
laws and institutions. The Government will better balance financial system efficiency with stability and consumer protection, in light of recommendations from the Financial System Inquiry.
Meanwhile, many Asian economies are becoming major new suppliers of these same goods and services, bringing serious competition to the global stage (Chart 2). To date,
Former governments increased competition through the National Competition Policy, privatised public assets like Telstra and the Commonwealth Bank,
Open trade and investment policies that provide access to international markets, expose domestic businesses to international competition and spread new technologies and practices.
reducing corporate tax rates, deregulating and improving competition, making investments in infrastructure and skilled workforces, and giving research a greater commercial focus.
) Canada is promoting competition in the telecommunications sector, including by capping wholesale domestic roaming rates to prevent wireless providers from charging other companies more than they charge their own customers (Government of Canada, 2014).
If not addressed, such constraints on our competitiveness will become an ever greater drag on Australia as global competition increases,
the Government established a review of competition policy to increase domestic and international competition. To improve our education and training systems,
and will focus on reforms in investment and infrastructure, trade, competition, employment and participation. As G20 president, we will show leadership in presenting a new wave of economic reforms.
The competition that this elicits challenges incumbent firms to do better. Entrepreneurs are important in building a dynamic and innovative economy.
Less government activity will reduce The Reform Agenda TPO00007 Industry Innovation and Competitiveness Agenda Industry Competitiveness 23 competition with private businesses for labour, land and capital.
and builds on the Government's dedicated reform streams in taxation, competition, deregulation, energy, infrastructure and the Federation.
and improving access to high-quality, low-cost inputs to business by opening the economy to greater domestic and international competition.
low-cost business inputs through greater domestic and international competition Reinvigorating competition across the Australian economy will help bring down costs for businesses and consumers.
and increasing competition across the economy to improve Australia's international competitiveness. Australian businesses use a range of domestic and international inputs.
Competition also encourages innovative businesses to enter the market, inspires existing businesses to improve and allows more productive businesses to replace others.
Competition also gives workers a greater array of employment options. In a competitive jobs market
Initiatives to increase international competition and improve market access In the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s,
and lift competition as a part of its G20 growth strategy. The Government is also examining the potential to reduce non-tariff barriers
Increasing domestic competition to reduce costs and improve goods and services Australian businesses rely on a range of domestically produced goods and services.
Where there is insufficient domestic competition or poor regulation, business can face higher prices, poorer services and less variety.
The National Competition Policy reforms that followed the Hilmer Review in the 1990s had a significant and positive effect on the Australian economy.
the pace of competition reform has slowed with the end of the main National Competition Policy reforms in 2005
The IMF, OECD and World bank (2014) have highlighted that competition reforms could reap significant gains internationally.
Following the release of Government commissioned reviews into Competition Policy, the Renewable Energy Target and the Financial System,
The Competition Policy Review is examining whether Australia's competition policies are driving the most competitive outcomes,
given the changes to the Australian economy in recent decades and our increased integration into global markets.
It will determine where competition can provide further benefits to Australian consumers and businesses. The Review is also examining the regulations
and regulators to ensure they are operating effectively and supporting competition, while minimising the burden on Australian businesses.
putting downward pressure on electricity price rises, increasing competition and consumer choice, and driving regulatory
Recently, upward pressure on prices has flowed from higher costs of production and competition from higher priced international markets.
promote competition in electricity generation and retailing; support cost reflective pricing; and better regulate transmission and distribution monopolies.
and increase competition in the public sector. We are privatising Medibank Private and have initiated scoping studies into the future ownership and delivery arrangements of Australian Hearing, Defence Housing Australia, the Royal Australian Mint,
the Government is applying a contestability framework to promote competition and efficiency in all areas of government activity.
more efficient coastal shipping services could help lift Australia's competitiveness and lower prices for consumers (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2014).
The Coastal Trading (Revitalising Australian Shipping) Act 2012 established a new licensing system restricting competition from foreign ships on Australian coastal routes,
Improving competition in the coastal shipping sector could give onshore businesses access to efficient flexible and cost-effective shipping services, supporting jobs growth and yielding broader economic benefits for Australia.
An internal review in 2014 by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection found that Australia faces stiff competition from other countries with similar investor visa programmes,
and stimulate competition by rolling out new mobile base stations. The Government is committed also to starting the detailed planning necessary to build new dams to ensure water security for communities and industries.
TPO00007 Industry Innovation and Competitiveness Agenda Industry Competitiveness IMPLEMENTING OUR ECONOMIC ACTION STR ATEGY 85 Many of the drivers of competitiveness are being examined through a range of reviews including the Competition Policy Review
increase domestic and international competition to encourage greater quality and lower prices for the goods and services businesses and consumers depend on;
On the big issues for competition policy, workplace relations and taxation, the Government has committed to major reviews.
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. 2014). ) Submission to the options paper: Approaches to regulating coastal shipping in Australia.
) Review of National Competition Policy Reforms, Inquiry Report. Canberra: Commonwealth of australia. Productivity Commission. 2007). ) Performance Benchmarking of Australian Business Regulation, Research Report.
The level of competition in industry has increased due to globalisation, and the threat of climate change and the scarcity of natural resources are increasingly more noticeable.
Minister of Local government and Regional Development 12 In order to prevail in an increasingly tough international competition,
Low income of users Bad roads Low salaries Lack of budget Paradigms of providers High competition Step 5:
the new employees as well as the regular people can be valuable sources of alternative ways of using the technologies of the providers or of the competition, of new ideas;
Outof-proportion individual rewards may create a cutthroat environment for competition that over time is detrimental for cultivating the team spirit necessary to drive complex innovations in alignment with business unit goals.
and Magic Books was thinking of new ways of attracting customers and coping with the new competition.
whether the approaches taken by the competition could be adopted feasibly. Benchmarking thus enables organisations to compare
and the gradual increase of the competition has forced all business to adopt New Product Development (NPD) as a necessary and unavoidable business practice.
"delivering a winning solution (answering"can we beat the competition?";"and applying project and process planning (answering"can we do it?")
by promoting fair competition and honest trade practices, encouraging creativity, and promoting more aesthetically attractive products."
Once signed, the non-disclosing party agrees that they will not disclose any information about your idea for competition purposes
Project outcomes Existing market Target group Competition Business management Financial management Marketing strategy Sales forecast Why and Where Wherever external funding is required for a business or a project,
Market and competition First of all, the market should be defined, as well as the target group which the project is aiming at.
what the competition is offering. What gives you the edge? Intellectual property rights Due to the creative aspect of innovative products or services, it is essential to establish proper protection of the idea.
Increasing internationalisation and globalisation of the markets, high competition pressure, Decreasing product life cycles, increasing innovation speed, Growing market segmentation and customer orientation, Increasing demands
and thus remain at the top of the competition. The human resource becomes a decisive factor in the innovation ability of enterprises. 10.1.3.
or survive without a network Networks are a growing success and competition factor in industry and generally in society.
This change is accompanied by a worldwide globalisation of industry and puts special demands on enterprises in competition.
In this connection, ability for innovation is an important property for the development of enterprises in competition.
in order to gain competition advantages jointly and in a cooperative way the joint efforts yield innovative products, processes and services 11.3.
exclusion of competition among network participants counteract the original intention-they inhibit innovation rather than promote it The following illustration shows an overview-from the point of view of an individual enterprise
Dateiid=519 Innovation networks as a source of competitions advantages: this paper shows the importance of innovation networks as a relevant form of organisation for the development but also the production and the sale of innovative products and procedures. http://www. puscher-one. de/publikationen/Innovation in netzwerkenkurzversion
higher education becomes a decisive factor in competition Technical based professional skills lose against qualifications to adapt activities permanently to economic and technical changes;
The answer which was given was that international competition in a globalized market makes the implementation of this idea impossible.
and brainstorm intercultural issues and use‘action learning sets'for example. 7. Hold intercultural‘fun'days that include competitions that test your intercultural knowledge
(ICT) have enhanced greatly the competition spurred by the globalization of the world economies. Even small and medium-sized enterprises (SMES) are no more immune to the challenges that the globalization brings about.
R. Tiwari and S. Buse (October 2007) Page 4 of 31 1-Introduction Technological advancements, especially in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have enhanced greatly the competition spurred by the globalization of the world economies.
Innovative ideas and products are becoming increasingly important to counter the priceoriented competition from low-cost producers from emerging economies
At the same time, the increasing globalization is bringing in more competition in the home market, the traditional stronghold of many SMES.
and find themselves faced with tough price-oriented competition from low-cost producers from emerging economies in Asia
blocking international competition is not a solution to such problems (Smith, 1994). For the increased competition is ultimately beneficial for the consumer in the form of cheaper and/or better goods and services.
Consumption is the sole end purpose of all production; observed Smith, and the interest of the producer ought to be attended to,
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