As an example, the more established literature on innovation policies and systemic instruments is isolated fairly from emerging literature regarding platform economics and open innovation.
which is teaching students to explore social science thinking from different perspectives, e g. economics, law, politics,
is based on sound law and economics foundation, namely, in order to make transactions (sell, licensing, waiving the rights) of IP,
Law and Economics',This initial conclusion looks surprisingly correct from theoretical point of view, considering especially the so-called‘Coase Theorem'regarding the allocation of rights in economic analysis. 27) Wikipedia, Novelty (patent).(
The principles of the design thinking movement and from behavioural economics have driven this latest surge of labs. Design thinking stresses the added value of out-of-the-box thinking 11 driven by interdisciplinary collaboration
Behavioural economics pays attention to ways citizens and consumers can be nudged in the right direction by intentionally targeting unconscious behavioural patterns.
Both strands of thinking are built on the assumption that various different disciplines (economics, psychology, design, etc.
Spaces and Events as Interfaces for Innovation and Creativity, Study Commissioned by the Berlin Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research.
Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research. 25) Olma, S. 2014), Innovationsökonomien. Strategien zur Erneuerung unternehmerischer Praxis, Wuppertal.
The dilemmas covered are in the field of innovation management, OI2. 0 inspirations, sharing values, economics and use of technology.
‘The Economics of Two-sided Markets'.'Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 23, Nr. 3, pp. 125 143.9) Pisano, G.,Verganti, R. 2008.‘
doc=speeches/2009/011. htm&pageid=005&min=njs&year=&doctype=(11) Access Economics (November 2008) The impact of the global financial crisis on social services in Australia, prepared for Anglicare Australia
‘It's time to reestablish the connection between economics and the ordinary business of life...
only if economics can be reoriented to the study of man as he is and the economic system as it actually exists'(15).
‘Saving Economics from the Economists.''Harvard Business Review 90 (12): 36. Contact Dr Venkat Ramaswamy Professor Ross School of business www. venkatramaswamy. com venkatr@umich. edu 105 Oulu Innovation Alliance an Open Innovation Ecosystem
The economics of organisation: the transaction cost approach. American Journal of Sociology 87 (3): 548 577.5) Howe, Jeff (June 2, 2006.
Review of Economics & Statistics, 84 (2), pp. 298-309.8. Cefis E. and Marsili O. 2006.
using a quantile regression approach to explore the relationship between R&d and innovation, International Review of Applied Economics, 24 (1), pp. 95-102.21.
Theory and Evidence, Small Business Economics, 6, pp. 327-347.54. O'dwyer M.,Gilmore A. and Carson D. 2009.
Firm size and types of innovation, Economics of Innovation & New Technology, 18 (3), pp. 205-223.62.
Networks, Firm Size and Innovation, Small Business Economics, 22 (2), pp. 141-153.63. Rufat-Latre J.,Muller A. and Jones D. 2010.
The Predatory Use of Preliminary Injunctions, The Journal of Law and Economics. Vol. XLIV, no. 2, 2001,573-603) for an analysis of how smaller firms are disadvantaged disproportionately by high IP litigation costs. 37 See Chesbrough, H. 2003) Open Innovation:
Economics of Innovation and New Technology 4 (1), 41-59. Atuahene-Gima, K.,1996. Differential Potency of Factors Affecting Innovation Performance in Manufacturing and Services Firms in Australia.
Small Business Economics 9, 33-44. Hair, J. F.,Anderson, R. E.,Tatham, R. L.,Black, W c.,1998.
The Predatory Use of Preliminary Injunctions, The Journal of Law and Economics. Vol. XLIV, no. 2, 2001,573-603) for an analysis of how smaller firms are disadvantaged disproportionately by high IP litigation costs. 37 See Chesbrough, H. 2003) Open Innovation:
Andrea Bonaccorsi is professor of economics and management at the University of Pisa Italy. His main research interests include:
0. 9 2 0. 4 9 1. 4 Linguistics, literature 4 0. 5 4 0. 9 Economics 2 0. 2
students with a background in human sciences (literature, linguistics, psychology) and social sciences (economics) may combine their domain expertise with advanced computer science.
Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122 (4), 1351 1408. Watson, T Jr 1990. Father, Son & Co.:
and Philipp Koellinger, Assistant professor in Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands. Disclaimer Neither the European commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use
study guide for this Policy Brief. 13 Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics, policy, accessed 2 may 2010.
Philipp Koellinger, Assistant professor in Economics at Erasmus University Rotterdam. He is associate editor of the Small Business Economics journal
and has research interests and a sound publication track record in the fields of entrepreneurship and innovation.
/Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade (KIET: http://www. kiet. re. kr/kiet/eng/index eng. jsp.
Max Planck Institute of Economics. Ahmad, Nadim; Gonnard, Eric (2007: High growth enterprises and gazelles.
Working papers series in economics and social sciences 2011/05. February. Available at http://repec. imdea. org/pdf/imdea-wp2011-05. pdf. Davidsson, Per;
Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, IFN Working Paper No. 733. Available at http://www. ifn. se/Wfiles/wp/wp733. pdf.)INNO-Grips (2011:
Economics and politics research briefing. 14 september. Ministry of Employment and the Economy (2011: Growth Enterprise Review 2011.
Small Business Economics, 2010, vol. 35, issue 2, pp. 203-226. Reinstaller A. coord. Hölzl, W.,Janger J.,Stadler,
Small Business Economics, Volume 33, Number 2, pp. 141-149. Simon, Hermann (2009: Hidden Champions of the Twenty-first Century:
In Small Business Economics, Vol. 35, pp. 129 135. Policies for high-growth innovative SMES v1. 6 101 Stangler, Dane (2010:
Small Business Economics, Vol. 32, pp. 351 374. Yim, Hyung Rok (2007: Quality shock vs. market shock:
Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics, search term policy, URL: http://wwwpersonal. umich. edu/alandear/glossary, last accessed 2 may 2010.
Philipp Koellinger, Economics of Innovation: www. economics-of-innovation. com, last accessed May 2011. Platinn.
Plateforme innovation: http://www. platinn. ch/eng, last accessed May 2011. PRO INNO Europe, Tactics:
& Practice 3 Small Business Economics 4 Journal of Small Business Management 1 Cato 2 Journal of Public Policy and Management Level 2 entrepreneurship
Lessons from recently established rapidly growing U s. startups Small Business Economics 2010 Parker et al What happens to gazelles?
and Philipp Koellinger, Assistant professor in Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands. Disclaimer Neither the European commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use
study guide for this Policy Brief. 13 Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics, policy, accessed 2 may 2010.
Philipp Koellinger, Assistant professor in Economics at Erasmus University Rotterdam. He is associate editor of the Small Business Economics journal
and has research interests and a sound publication track record in the fields of entrepreneurship and innovation.
/Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade (KIET: http://www. kiet. re. kr/kiet/eng/index eng. jsp.
Max Planck Institute of Economics. Ahmad, Nadim; Gonnard, Eric (2007: High growth enterprises and gazelles.
Working papers series in economics and social sciences 2011/05. February. Available at http://repec. imdea. org/pdf/imdea-wp2011-05. pdf. Davidsson, Per;
Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, IFN Working Paper No. 733. Available at http://www. ifn. se/Wfiles/wp/wp733. pdf.)INNO-Grips (2011:
Economics and politics research briefing. 14 september. Ministry of Employment and the Economy (2011: Growth Enterprise Review 2011.
Small Business Economics, 2010, vol. 35, issue 2, pp. 203-226. Reinstaller A. coord. Hölzl, W.,Janger J.,Stadler,
Small Business Economics, Volume 33, Number 2, pp. 141-149. Simon, Hermann (2009: Hidden Champions of the Twenty-first Century:
In Small Business Economics, Vol. 35, pp. 129 135. Policies for high-growth innovative SMES v1. 6 101 Stangler, Dane (2010:
Small Business Economics, Vol. 32, pp. 351 374. Yim, Hyung Rok (2007: Quality shock vs. market shock:
Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics, search term policy, URL: http://wwwpersonal. umich. edu/alandear/glossary, last accessed 2 may 2010.
Philipp Koellinger, Economics of Innovation: www. economics-of-innovation. com, last accessed May 2011. Platinn.
Plateforme innovation: http://www. platinn. ch/eng, last accessed May 2011. PRO INNO Europe, Tactics:
& Practice 3 Small Business Economics 4 Journal of Small Business Management 1 Cato 2 Journal of Public Policy and Management Level 2 entrepreneurship
Lessons from recently established rapidly growing U s. startups Small Business Economics 2010 Parker et al What happens to gazelles?
Professor Maureen Mckelvey, Professor of Industrial Management, School of business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg. The panel would like to thank all those who participated in the online consultation from July to August 2009
Andreas Pyka, Professor in Innovation Economics University of Stuttgart-Hohenheim; President of the Lisbon Civic Forum We,
Professor Maureen Mckelvey, Professor of Industrial Management, School of business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg. 30 Mandate of the panel Context:
Indeed, economics generally tackles issues of technology, labour and growth in relation to an explanation of individual behavior and price mechanisms,
that it fundamentally involves disequilibrium. 8 In the recent Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics,
and organizations develop new 8 Nelson goes on to argue that‘standard equilibrium theory in economics cannot cope with it and its economic consequences'.
which moves the focus away from traditional economics arguments of market failure, direct cost-benefi t analysis and industrial organization (Metcalfe 1995).
especially how the economics of innovation approach provides new insights upon governance of public policy.
Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics. Chelthenham, U k.:Edward Elgar Publishers. Arrow, K. J. 1962.
Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics. Chelthenham, U k.:Edward Elgar Publishers. Kuhlman, S. 2001.‘‘Governance of innovation policy in Europe three scenarios'Research Policy, Vol 30, No. 6. Laage-Hellman, L. M. Johansson,
Equilibrium and Evolutionary Perspectives'in P. Stoneman (ed). Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technological Change.
‘The Simple Economics of Basic Scientifi c Research'.'The Journal of Political economy. Vol. 67. OECD (2009.
'Cambridge Journal of Economics. Vol. 33, No 4. Salter, Ammon J. and Ben R. Martin,(2001:
economics and management sciences as well as education sciences are the most infrastructure-intensive in terms of assets in Hungary these areas spend the most also for building investment,
political sciences or economics) are analysing an ever increasing volume of empirical data produced 15 in a standardised manner from samples comprising large numbers of samples,
), Skill-relatedness and firm diversification, Papers on Economics and Evolution 0906. Jena Evolutionary Economics Group, Max Plank Institute of Economics. 23 Henning M.,Moodysson J. and Nilsson M. 2010), Innovation and Regional Transformation:
from clusters to new combinations, Region Skane. 24 European commission (2001), FOREN Guide-Foresight for Regional Development Network-A Practical Guide to Regional Foresight.
rationale Smart specialisationguide Knowledge for Growth FWP evaluation Endogenous growth Innovation systems Innovative milieux Evolutionary economics Economic geography Policy Experimentation RIS-RITTS
Universities dealing with economics, public policy and administration, as well as those dealing with specific policy areas (such as industry, health, agriculture, environment and culture) can provide public authorities and private sectors with strategic advice,
project number POSDRU/159/1. 5/S/142115 Performance and excellence in doctoral and postdoctoral research in Romanian economics science domain.
International Review of Economics and Finance, 19,180-188. Hausmann, R.,Hidalgo, C a.,Bustos, S.,Coscia, M.,Chung, S.,Jimenez, J. et al,(2011.
Journal of Comparative Economics, 39,176-190. Martinez-Roman, J. A.,Gamero, J.,Tamayo, J. A. 2011.
High-tech Gründerfonds is funded through a PPP between the German federal government (Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology), the Kfw and German industry (ALTANA, BASF, B. Braun, Robert Bosch, CEWE Color
N-Economics. June 2012
The Smart Grids Debate in Europe Essential for the transformation of the European energy system, deserving more attention and transparency SEFEP working paper November 2012 Ruggero Schleicher--Tappeser The EU
working on technology policies with the Institute for Ecological Economics IÖW, in Germany. 1989--2004 he was founder and director of the EURES Institute for Regional Studies in Europe, Freiburg i. Br.
*Full professor of Applied Economics, University of Basque Country (infyde@infyde. eu)**Phd Researcher, INFYDE (jonatanpaton@infyde. eu)**CEO, INFYDE (belenbarroeta@infyde. eu
Journal of Business and Economics Del Castillo, J. & Paton, J. 2012. Entrepreneurial discovery process in the Basque Country:
El grupo de trabajo Sport and Economics de la UE ha desarrollado la Vilnius Defin of sport, que propone una operación estadística
Sociology, urban studies, planning, community economics, social policy; social economy often action focused Market values (with public support) Social values (with public support) Wealth creation/economic growth Social wealth creation/Resource distribution Efficient
see, for example, New Economics. http://www. neweconomics. org/teams/entry/valuing-what-matters 35 Cities for Active Inclusion:
New Economics. http://www. neweconomics. org/teams/entry/valuing-whatmatters Smart Specialisation for Regional Innovation:
and B. Carlsson (2009), The Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship, Small Business Economics, Vol. 32, pp. 15-30.
Factor Productivity and the Role of Entrepreneurship, Jena Economic Research Papers 2008-19, Friedrich Schiller University and the Max Planck Institute of Economics, Jena.
Henrekson, M. and D. Johansson (2008), Gazelles as Job Creators A Survey and Interpretation of the Evidence, IFN Working Paper 733, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm.
and Financing, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 77, No. 1, pp. 55-65.
Acs, Z.,D. Audretsch and M. Feldman (1994), R&d Spillovers and Recipient Firm Size, Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 336-340.
Auerswald, P. 2007), The Simple Economics of Technology Entrepreneurship: Market Failure Reconsidered, in D. Audretsch,
Drucker, P. 1985), Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Harper collins, New york. Duranton, G. and D. Puga (2005), From Sectoral to Functional Urban Specialisation, Journal of Urban Economics, Vol
Jaffe, A m. Trajtenberg and R. Henderson (1993), Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 577-598.
, R. 2002), The Rise of the Creative Class, Basic books, New york. Lazear, E. 2005), Entrepreneurship, Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 649-680.
cdepartment of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK (Received 10 april 2013; final version received 28 august 2013) Social innovation discourses see in social challenges opportunities to make societies more sustainable and cohesive through inclusive practices, coproduction and proactive grassroots initiatives.
Review of Economics and Statistics 89 (1): 118 133. doi: 10.1162/rest. 89.1.118. Granovetter, M. S. 1973.
Redefining Innovation Eco-Innovation Research and the Contribution from Ecological Economics. Ecological Economics 32 (2): 319 332. doi:
10.1016/S0921-8009 (99) 00112-3. Renko, M. 2013. Early challenges of nascent social entrepreneurs.
Digital Networks & Social networks, isociety Alex Macgillivray, New Economics Foundation. Downey, J, . & Mcguigan, J. ed)( 1999).
Dr Lea has published in numerous journals including International Journal of Production Research, International Journal of Production Economics, Industrial Management and Data systems, Technovation,
<paul. david@economics. ox. ac. uk>Understanding the Digital economy's Evolution and the Path of Measured Productivity Growth:
"The precipitating event in the formation of this"problematic"view of the digital information technology was an offhand (yet nonetheless pithy) remark made in the summer of 1987 by Robert Solow, Institute Professor at MIT and Economics Nobel laureate:"
This has been a central theme in the business and economics literature on modern manufacturing at least since the 1980's. 15 The increasing proliferation of new goods and its connection with the application of computers,
The Role of Differences Among Firms, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 3 (3-4), pp. 183-99,1995.
A Nineteenth Century Parable, in International organization, National Policies and Economic Development, a supplement to the Journal of Monetary Economics,(K. Brunner and A. H. Meltzer, eds.
Griliches, Zvi, Comments on Measurement Issues in Relating IT Expenditures to Productivity Growth, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 3 (3-4), pp. 317-21,1995:
Jorgenson, Dale and Kevin Stiroh,"Computers and Growth,"Economics of Innovation and New Technology 3: 295-316,1995.
Firm-Level Evidence from Government and Private Data Sources, 1977-1993, Canadian Journal of Economics, 1998.
A Firm-Level Analysis, Economics fo Innovation and New Technology, 3 (3-4), 1995: pp. 201-17.
Milgrom, Paul R. and John Roberts, The Economics of Modern Manufacturing: Technology, Strategy, and Organization, American Economic Review, 80 (3 june 1990:
Milgrom, Paul R. and John Roberts, Economics, Organization and Management, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice hall, 1992.
and the Productivity Slowdown, Business Economics, 34 (2 april 1999: pp. 13-17. U s. Department of labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, USDL News Release 98-187, May 6, 1998.
Wykoff, Andrew W.,The Impact of Computer Prices on International Comparisons of Labour Productivity, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 3 (3-4), 1995:
project number POSDRU/159/1. 5/S/142115 Performance and excellence in doctoral and postdoctoral research in Romanian economics science domain
but we could also make first steps towards reducing such complexity by identifying types of social innovations (economics, size, age, field of activity, actors involved, etc.
Paperforsymposiumon Technology Economics, 31march1988, Thehague. Forrest, J. E.,1990. Strategicalliancesandthesmalltechnology-based firm. Journalofsmallbusinessmanagement28 (3), 37 45.
and Technology Hellas/ITI, Greece daras@iti. gr 6. Athens University of Economics and Business,
and Burkhard Stiller5 1 Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece 2 AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland 3julius-Maximilian Universität Würzburg
and Henna Warma3 1 BT Innovate & Design, UK philip. eardley@bt. com 2 Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece {kanakakis, alexkosto}@ aueb. gr
Journal of Political Economics 94,822 841 (1986) 6. Joseph, D.,Shetty, N.,Chuang, J.,Stoica, I.:
and Burkhard Stiller4 1 Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece ckalog@aueb. gr, courcou@aueb. gr, gstamoul@aueb. gr 2 University of Southampton
Instances of this tussle pattern have their roots in economics and thus are resolved typically through the process of economic equilibrium
The ETICS project (Economics and Technologies for Inter-Carrier Services) 8 studies a repurposing tussle arising
Economics, Technology and Modeling. Wiley, Chichester (2003) 7. CRAMM: http://www. cramm. com (accessed December 1, 2010) 8. ETICS:
Economics of Information security and Privacy, pp. 121 167. Springer, New york (2010) 4. Bussard, L.,Neven, G.,Preiss, F. S.:
Economics of Information security, Advances in Information security, vol. 12, pp. 129 142. Springer, New york (2004) 10.
Knowledge, Economics and Organization. In: Mansell (ed.),The Information Society, Critical Concepts in Sociology, Routledge (2009) 6. Cordis. lu:
A Dynamic Structural Analysis of Demand in a Reward Program, Quantitative Marketing and Economics, 2008, Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 109-137.14.
and Veblen Effects in the Theory of Consumers'Demand, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 64 (May),
Scientific Papers (www. scientificpapers. org) Journal of Knowledge management, Economics and Information technology 409 Special Issue December 2013 The Impact of Innovation in Romanian Small and Medium-Sized
International Journal of Industrial Organization, 28: 191 202,2010. 5 Golodner, A m.,Antitrust, Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Small Business Economics Vol. 16 No.
Small Business Economics, 38 (1), 85 101. Kirzner, I. 1979. Perception, opportunity, and profit. Chicago:
Small Business Economics, 6 (5), 327 347. Nordqvist, M. 2012. Understanding strategy processes in family firms:
Bell Journal of Economics, 10:92 116. Griliches, Z. 1990) Patent statistics as economic indicators: a survey.
Eastern European Economics, 33,38-75. Brown, J. D.,Earle, J. S. & Lup, D. 2005.
Small Business Economics, 41,537-562. Uzkurt, C.,Kumar, R.,Kimzan, H. S. & Sert, H. 2012.
The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change brought to the fore the costs of inaction on global warming. xix Stern concluded that the cost of stabilising greenhouse gas emissions at 500-550ppm would be approximately 1
Much of the literature on social innovation draws from economics (especially around public finance; management studies (especially in the US;
Schumpeterian economics provided a frame in which a critical role is played by individual entrepreneurs engaged in risk and innovation.
A recent evaluation by the New Economics Foundation (NEF) concluded that the SSE's learning programme has been highly successful:
and Economics and the Internet of the Future. Workshops will be run to enhance co-creation of ideas
clv Equally common are methods (drawing on economics) which seek to monetise social value by asking people what they would pay for a service or outcome(‘stated preference methods').
'clvii clvi Another set of methods coming from economics focus on the choices people have made actually in related fields(‘revealed preference'.
such as Finland's methods for assessing social enterprises. clviiithe burgeoning field of environmental economics has spawned methods for measuring everything from wetlands to emissions,
Nicholas Stern (2007) The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review, London: HM Treasury. Available at:
http://www. eurofound. europa. eu/pubdocs/2009/82/en/1/EF0982EN. pdf Accessed on 11 december 2009. xixn Stern (2007) The Economics of Climate Change:
'(and in economics to offer a synthetic theory of growth). However, all theories of this kind are based on a simple error:
Even within economics, overarching theories of change and growth have not fared well compared to more modest theories focused on such things as the dynamics of labour markets or monetary policy.
Innovation Camp at http://www. sicamp. org/lxxxiv School for Social Entrepreneurs at http://www. sse. org. uk lxxxv New Economics Foundation,‘School
or Deming, E w. 2000)‘ The New Economics for Industry, Government, Education.''2nd ed. Cambridge, MA:
such as the New Economics Foundation and Forum for the Future. 80) Design labs. In Finland, the national innovation agency SITRA has set up the Helsinki Design Lab,
what the economics look like, and how it could be made cheaper. The driving principles at this stage are speed, keeping costs low,
211) Revealed preference methods come from the field of economics and focus on the choices people have made in related fields in order to estimate value.‘
They are one of the reasons why economics has found it hard to understand innovation without a substantial dose of sociology added in CONNECTING PEOPLE,
they could be adapted to fit the economics of social businesses. Legislation and regulation Governments shape the conditions in which social entrepreneurs
154 New Economics Foundation (NEF) 49 New Philanthropy Capital 171; 175 New york's Open Book 154 New zealand Police Act Wiki 42-43 Niagara Peninsula Homes 206 Nike Foundation 113 Nobel prizes 169
To be presented at the 11th International Conference of the European Society for Ecological Economics (ESEE), 30 june-3 july 2015, Leeds,
Journal of Evolutionary Economics 1, 93 118. Carlsson, B.,Jacobsson, S.,Holmén, M.,Rickne, A. 2002.
Paper for The Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics (downloaded on 9 april 2012 from http://faculty. weatherhead. case. edu/carlsson/documents/Innovationsystemssurveypaper6. pdf) 38 Casas, R
Journal of Industrial Economics 35,543 563. Cooke, P. 1996. Regional Innovation Systems. UCL Press, London.
The Research Network and the New Economics of Science: From Metaphors to Organizational Behaviours, in:
Cambridge Journal of Economics 23,167-185. Mason, C. and Harrison, R. 1992. Strategy for closing the small firms finance gap, in:
Thus, the notion of the representative firm of mainstream economics is abandoned. Likewise the resource-based view, the evolutionary approach stresses the significance of firm's unique technological Entrepreneurial SMES 131 Downloaded by WATERFORD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY At 04:12 03 july 2015 (PT) resources and knowledge
the make or buy calculation of transaction-cost economics loses its relevance as in-house R&d
an econometric analysis at the firm level, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 7 No. 2, pp. 115-58.
Fiet, J. O. and Patel, P. C. 2008), Entrepreneurial discovery as constrained, systematic search, Small Business Economics, Vol. 30 No. 3, pp. 215-29.
Littunen, H. 2000), Networks and local environmental characteristics in the survival of new firms, Small Business Economics, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 59-71.
an investigation into the Italian manufacturing sector, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 17 No. 4, pp. 311-29.
and evolutionary and institutional economics. Miika Varis can be contacted at: Miika. Varis@uef. fi Hannu Littunen, after graduating from the University of Jyva skyla,
was a researcher at the University of Jyva skyla, School of business and Economics, Centre for Economic Research, Finland,
He has published in several international journals such as International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, Small Business Economics, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise
Development, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Family business Review, Finnish Journal of Economics, and Academy of Entrepreneurship/International Journal of Entrepreneurship.
Economics of Innovation and New Technology 1-19. Crossref 2. Haim Hilman, Narentheren Kaliappen. 2015.
Agricultural and Food Economics 3, 10. Crossref 9. Hans Löfsten. 2014. Information Structures and Business Performance-Implications for Technologybased Firm's Innovation Performance.
The Economics of Credence Goods"Journal of Economic Literature 44 (1): 5-42. Enquist, G. 2005) The internationalisation of higher education in Sweden, the National Agency for Higher education, Högskoleverkets rapportserie 2005: 27 R, Stockholm Espeland, W. N,
system function, service quality, integration, economics, and professionalism. At the third level, these criteria are decomposed into several sub-criteria that may influence an organization's choice of an appropriate cloud computing service provider.
and how the transformation to the cloud computing model would help to meet those Outsourcing Provider Evaluation System Function Service Quality Integration Economics Professionalism Usefulness Ease of use Accuracy Tangibles Reliability Security
which explores the difference in economics between the two settings, focusing on the relevance of ranking
level) 2. Portfolio management (incl. business cases, information economics, ROI, payback) 3. IT budget control
and practices. 9. 1 Introduction The concept of a Business model (BM) is not completely new in the field of economics,
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