and the new opportunities presented by information and communication technologies. 1 Initially, the strategies concerned mainly the lower end of the value chain driven by cost-related factors.
Other manufacturing (C15, C23, C27, C31, C32, C33) 12%13%15%15%17%23%Telecommunications Information and communication Manufacture of chemicals and chemical
'report of the taskforce on sustainable construction, in preparation of the EC Communication‘A Lead Market Initiative for Europe,
They also more often recognize the skills needed for success, such as communication and leadership, strong strategic engagement,
90%cite communication and influencing skills as strongly important to their role, compared with 79%of other CIOS. 5 Leading CIOS take a multidisciplinary approach to their careers.
%74%Project and change management skills 81%77%Analytical approach and organizational skills 87%79%Communication and influencing skills 65%64%Technological skills
it is also apparent that many IT-intensive industry CIOS still struggle to translate this need for stronger communication
but especially when it comes to aspiring business executive positions Communication and influencing Change management Top three skills needed to succeed IT-intensive industry CIO IT-intensive industry CIO Typical CIO Typical CIO Leadership Career ambitions 79%81
Ru, the Russian internet communication and entertainment company. We don't trade in oil; we trade in innovation,
Communication is a vital part of any CIO's role, and one where many acknowledge the need for improvement.
9 out of 10 cite communication and influencing skills as strongly important to their roles.
In addition, I have a very good communication line to the CEO: we meet on a monthly basis. At the same time,
Ministry of Education and Research and the Ministry of Communications and Information technology aim to attract to industrial parks with intention to create such parks in every Romanian city that has a university center.
A broad-based innovation strategy for the EU, Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. 4. Soete, Luc a o. 2007.
Communications Overview & Findings Regional Level National Level Volume II Realising Potential and Actions for each region Volume I Baseline analysis for each region Regional Planning Guidelines NSS Refresh NDP 2007-2013 Regional Agenda Development Agencies Regional
Building on the Túsnua initiative, continue to develop a more structured approach for ongoing and proactive communications with the HEIS (in terms of innovation,
and Communication H Hotels and Restaurants G Wholesale and Retail Trade F Construction C-E Other Production Industries A-B Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing FORFÁS
Autonomic Management of End-to-end Communications Services. The TSSG's main area of research is communications software services
and it has developed strong expertise in the areas of distributed systems and service oriented architecture. With 160 active staff and students, the TSSG is a significant pool of specialist expertise within the Southeast
Ongoing and structured communications between the enterprise agencies and the HEIS (in terms of innovation technology transfer, skills needs etc) is required focused on a clear agenda, objectives and actions.
Autonomic Management of End-to-end Communications Services. The TSSG's main area of research is communications software services
and it has developed strong expertise in the areas of distributed systems and service oriented architecture. The TSSG's commercial division has created also new companies
with the capability to significantly underpin the Priority Area of Future Networks and Communication. The Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre has also been identified as a major RTD centre that will underpin the Priority Area of Therapeutics as part of the current Research Prioritisation Exercise.
and on the wider converged communications industry, particularly in managing networks and in developing innovative new services for those networks.
TSSG leads the FAME (Federated Autonomic Management of End-to-end Communication Services) SFI Strategic Research Cluster (a €5. 86m investment from SFI.
Through its Masters in Communication Services the TSSG has delivered up-skilling and training for staff in local companies.
Business & Humanities (Business Communications, Management, Humanities, Sport, Media & Marketing) Science & Computing (Computing, Networking, Science & Health) Engineering (Built Environment, Electronic, Mechanical and Aerospace
0. 0 1. 1 Accommodation and food service 11.3 102.9 6. 0 5. 7-26.1-16.8 Information and communication 4. 4 70.5 2
Thanks to solid scientific proof and a proactive communication, SIEL Bleu was able to engage doctors
we hence need to connect innovators and Social Entrepreneurs through new platforms of communication and collaboration.
In the following I will present an example of transforming interfaces between actors by using Good Future Dialogue in running workshops. 55 FOSTERING INNOVATION TO ADDRESS SOCIAL CHALLENGES 2. Transforming communication:
which would stifle communication and creativity, especially concerning newcomers, like customers and citizens in the broader approach to innovation.
Multi-Stakeholder Communication Level1 Level2 Educating to all employees about sustainability Level3 Identifying the agenda to tackle Level4 Integrating into every process of business The Goal for Sustainability Affirmative Social
Sharing experiences with society Way for social challenge by business Level Process Business Ways & Tools 1 Multi-Stakeholder Communication Communication (with NGOS, Labor union, Coomunity
Only the first step resembles models of communication that will be familiar to participants. The second step already deviates from the usual course of conferencing.
and less linear of doing research to new forms of class management in schools or new forms of communication within the political process.
including the direction of communication, the level of interactivity, the media of communication, the constraints on the educational process,
In the mid-1980s the educational pioneers such as Wayne Danielson of the University of Texas wrote software for journalism and communication education.
It is a model of learning based on one-to-many communication. Put in its simplest terms,
and teachers and features many-to-many communication and multidirectional mentorship (see Figure 1). The professor is no longer in the role of the grand master of knowledge.
Augmented reality (AR) is a new medium of communication (Craig, 2013. It has been in development for at least two decades,
(although there are techniques to introduce nonverbal communication in an online learning environment). In the years ahead, educators can optimize their instruction with a wide spectrum of digital tools.
including the direction of communication, the level of interactivity, the media of communication, the constraints on the educational process,
) Nonverbal communication and computer mediated communication to enhance online learning. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://sloanconsortium. org/conferences/2011/aln/nonverbal-communication
-and-computer-mediated-communication-enhance-online-lear Helfand, D. J. 2013). The social conquest of general education.
Journal of General education, 62 (1), 43. Hollerer, T.,Feiner, S, . & Pavlik, J. 1999, October).
The Research Division of the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Minnesota.
John V. Pavlik, Professor, Department of Journalism and Media Studies, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New brunswick, New jersey, United states
Issues of interest for these scholars include the role of communication in facilitating successful innovation,
Open channels of communication, decentralization and informal decision-making, loosely coupled decision linkages and loosely identified job descriptions,
Transportation, Communication, Utilities (n=26; Retail, Hotel, Restaurant (n=45; Business Services (n=58; and Consumer Services (n=17.
On a positive note, the country's infrastructure is among the best in the world (4th), with outstanding transport links, energy infrastructure, and communications.
and comparatively evaluated against the potential use of advanced technologies and intelligent information/communication technologies.
Also smart Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) such as single window systems, expert charging systems, centralised and decentralised transport systems
and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) towards the goal of greener corridors; To provide the EC with recommendations on green corridor,
using the Dedicated Short-range Communication (DSRC) technology. In Italy, the toll price is proportional only to the distance travelled.
multiutility gas, water, heating at least 3 regions Smart metering communication infrastructure in 800 MV and LV substations interaction with customers Funding mechanism public funding is still under consideration in accordance with national
of challenges Map of ongoing projects within the sector (108 projects) Gap analysis Markets Communication Networks & control Production Transmission Distribution DER Prosumers DK:
D3 150 D4 20 D5 90 D6 150 D7 60 D8 100 D9 100 D10 90 D11 80 Integrated communication
60 D8 100 D9 100 D10 90 D11 80 Integrated communication Infrastructure D12 50 Total 1. 200 Active Demand Response
and new users-Monitoring and control of LV networks-Automation and control of LV networks-Methods and system support-Integrated communication solution Smart Distribution Network Transmission/Distrib
-keep communication flow up-redistribute collected information after preparation and-meet for discussions and workshops on a regular basis.
For instance the Estonian Electricity Sector Development Plan until 2018 (published by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication) identifies high priority activities
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications manages the programme. Table 22 R&d Framework, Programmes & Policy documents in Estonia R&d framework for research in smart grids?
-Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication (www. mkm. ee: Enterprise Estonia: Business and regional development promition;
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication www. mkm. ee Estonian Ministry of Education and Research www. hm. ee Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Estonia www. fin
Available-Potential of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for the optimisation of energy supply and the energy consumption (eenergy) R&d-programmes Available-E-Energy-Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology
Table 36 Links to Smart Grids related documents in Germany German Documents Links Potential of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for the optimisation of energy supply and the energy consumption
Renewable energy sources and their integration in the electrical system Asset management and system optimisation Communication techniques and power electronics Power quality Innovative materials and components Planning of electrical active
By allowing new forms of communication, collective memory and algorithmically mediated attention, the Internet forms a natural digital substrate for collective intelligence.
and the Chaos Communication Camp, an international meeting of hackers that takes place every four years,
freedom of information, human rights and communication. Supporting the principles of the hacker ethic, the club also fights for free access to computers and technological infrastructure for everybody.
and allows for more open and rapid communication between teachers and students. For instance, The Open university, based in the United kingdom,
or with the centralised data system using standard communications. The open sensor network connects the sensor with the data repository where the information is processed and stored
TOR also enables software developers to create new communication tools with built-in privacy features and provides the foundation for a range of applications that allow organisations
and Technology that are coordinating research on ICT for society in different domains, such as climate change, sustainable energy and communication technology itself.
and making use of strong communications and engagement strategies. One example of this is the Seoul Innovation Bureau
Chaos Communication Camp), and co-working spaces are a few examples. In addition to exploring the role of labs run by government
Secondly, beyond general events, the DSI strategy requires a communication strategy. This should include the use of social networking platforms, independent media and other news applications.
and aims to deliver sustainable economic growth and social benefits from Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).
The concept of smart specialisation has also been promoted by the Communication'Regional Policy contributing to smart growth in Europe 2020'.6 In this document the Commission encourages the design of national/regional research
An element closely intertwined to formulating an effective vision is RIS3 communication. Both during the RIS3 design process and all along the process of implementation of the strategy
it is crucial to have good communication. This is a way of spreading the vision, ultimately generating a positive tension in the regional society towards strategic goals,
Publications such as the joint 2011 OECD/European commission book'Regions and Innovation Policy'or the 2011 EC Communication'Regional Policy for smart growth in Europe 2020'identify taxonomies of delivery instruments
Assessment and mapping of digital infrastructures and e-communication services: existing and planned technology infrastructures (broadband networks) and other telecom-and internet-related services are presented in the Digital Agenda Scoreboard. 21 Human resources:
Communications: a clear communications strategy was deemed to be of enormous importance, especially for the business community.
The businesses actually involved in RIS projects also required honest and timely feedback; Management: the Management Team and Steering Group personnel often played a key role in maintaining effective communication,
especially where the chair of the Steering Group or the leader of the Management Group was a prominent local business leader
Regional Innovation Monitor, 32 based on Benneworth and Dassen 201133 An element closely intertwined to formulating an effective vision is RIS3 communication.
Good communication of the RIS3 is essential to ensure its endorsement by all stakeholders of the region, and beyond.
Communication is needed all along the process, adapting the content to the stage reached (adoption of a vision, adoption of policy priorities, endorsement of an action plan, implementation of key projects, etc..
The implementation of RIS across Europe has delivered the following lessons regarding the crucial components of a communication strategy,
To this end, appropriate communication methods and expected results need to be spelled out for each target group;
3. Definition of traditional communication tools: the tools include the use of a logo which builds and reinforces the regional identity and puts innovation at its core;
newsletters and leaflets to complete the information with traditional communication tools; specific publications on certain aspects of the RIS (key analyses, peer review reports, etc.;
The content of the communication should include strategic lines and priorities but also communication and demonstration on flagship projects;
4. Definition of active communication tools: active tools mainly include pro-active activities such as targeted visits to stakeholders or concerted workshops and seminars.
'Provide a signal to underline the fact that the strategy is going to be implemented concretely rather than remaining a concept, contributing to the communication of the RIS3 as a whole;
in line with the Commission's Communication on the modernisation agenda for universities COM (2006) 208.80 to respond to regional needs.
Information and communication technologies (ICT) are a powerful driver for economic growth, innovation and increased productivity.
79 www. europeana. eu 83 The reviewing of the initial Digital Agenda Communication will redefine
measures aiming at enhancing accessibility to the use and quality of information and communication technologies (ICT) in rural areas86;
the European Social Fund and the Cohesion Fund and repealing Regulation (EC) No. 1083/2006.89 References Policy Recommendations of the High-level Expert Group on KETS (2011). 98 Commission Communication
Member States and regions are invited to finance their cultural and creative industries through investment priorities103 closely linked to the objectives of the EU 2020 Strategy. 102 In particular in the 2010 Commission Communication'Regional policy contributing to smart growth':
as part of a'Responsible Business package',including also a communication on CSR and directives on accounting and transparency. 168 The aim of the SBI is to make access to the market
SBI texts (communication+working document+FAQ: http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/social business/index en. htm 169 http://ec. europa. eu/internal market/investment/docs/social investment/20111207proposal en. pdf 170
Information and Communication Technologies ICT-37-2014/2015 Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme 45.00 43.00 5ii.
The activities should include the communication and trainings on the business use of the European level rights (Unitary Patent, European Trade mark, Community design),
Corporate communication (see Part 17 of the work programme) 0. 03 of which half from 02.040203
The results obtained will feed now into the development of new online tools for more effective communication Europe has surpassed the US in the use of social media.
Online communication has a vital role to play in ensuring food safety, a research priority of the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for research and innovation.
A digital device used to transmit high speed communications between the ground and the aircraft satellite has been tested for the first time in flight during four days in June 2013 on a modified A320.
The Austrian industries most frequently benefiting from FFF support are machinery, information and communication technologies, data processing, medical, measurement and optical technologies, and chemicals.
information and communication technologies, chemicals, data processing, and electrical equipment. Of course, there is no simple correspondence between industry and technological level (especially in the service sector),
‘What is needed for location to play a major role in enhancing technological communication'is a variety of communication channels (Antonelli 2000: 543.
and communication exposing firms to new information without actors consciously having to search for relevant information (Bathelt 2004).
A major strength of Montpellier is its communication and outreach strategy. Image campaigns successfully stress the combination of life quality
The cluster is focused on production and development of mobile communications equipment, cordless systems modem and fax equipment for wire and wireless systems as well as various equipments for maritime communications and navigation (Dalum et al. 1999;
Stoerring and Dalum 2006. The second cluster is an emerging medical technology cluster(‘Biomedico'.'This is an active,
Collective Knowledge Communication and Innovation: The Evidence of Technological Districts. Regional Studies 34 (6), 535-547.
le secteur des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) en France. Une analyse des facteurs détermi 72 nants de la création régionale et une étude des déterminants de la survie et du
, 000 Kilometers Martinique & Guadeloupe Réunion Technological production Information and Communication Technologies Scientifi c production Source:
Compiled by Science-Metrix using data from Scopus (Elsevier) Number of publications by NUTS2 regions of ERA countries Information and Communication Technologies, 2000-2011 Publications (Fractional Counting) 0
Hungary's strengths lie in automobiles and in information and communication technologies. The relative specialisation in terms of patenting is in biotechnologies and health.
transport mobility, automotive industry and logistics, health industries (pharmaceutical, medical instruments and balneology), information and communication technologies, energy and environmental technologies,
212 E-business in the transport & logistics industry 5 Executive Summary About this study This study focuses on the adoption and implications of information and communication technology (ICT) and e-business activity in the transport and logistics
The goal of eeurope 2005 was"to promote take-up of e-business with the aim of increasing the competitiveness of European enterprises and raising productivity and growth through investment in information and communication technologies
"Communication from the Commission, COM (2002) 263 final, 28 may 2002, section 3. 1. 2. E-business in the transport
& logistics industry 12 leading to business innovations in key sectors"(p. 6). 5 This Communication anticipates"a new era of e-business solutions",based on integrated ICT systems and tools,
"Communication from the Commission, COM (2005) 229 final. 6"Working Together for Growth and Jobs:
a New Start for the Lisbon Strategy",Communication, COM (2005) 24, Brussels, 02.02.2005. http://europa. eu. int/growthandjobs/pdf/COM2005 024 EN. pdf. 7"Implementing the Community
"Communication from the Commission, COM (2005) 474 final, 5. 10.2005. E-business in the transport & logistics industry 13 the E-business Support Network (ebsn), a European network of e-business policy makers and business support organisations, the eskills Forum,
and concepts A definition of ICT This study examines the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in European businesses.
devices and services used for data processing (the information side of ICT) as well as telecommunications equipment and services for data transmission and communication (the communication side).
communications equipment (such as mobile phones), office equipment (such as copiers) and data communications and network equipment (such as switching and routing equipment, cellular mobile infrastructure) €159 billion Software products
GPS, transport communications or warehouse management systems? Policy implications: Do the findings on these research questions above have implications for policy, for example in the fields of economic, competition, industrial or innovation policy?
Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European parliament on monitoring development of the rail market. 24 European commission, Rail Transport and Interoperability.
During the last decades the information and communication technologies (ICT) did also influence this transport mode significantly resulting in the realisation and implementation of so-called River Information Services (RIS:
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions:
In June 2006, a communication from the EC outlined the main problems faced by the organisation and operation of the European Transport system:
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
research and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), infrastructure planning, service performance, and multimodal supply chains. 35 The main ideas of the Action Plan are shown in Exhibit 2. 2.-2. It presents a number of short-to medium-term actions that will help Europe address its current and future challenges
Freight Transport Logistics Action Plan 34 COM (2006) 314 final-Communication: Keep Europe moving-Sustainable mobility for our continent:
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and ibid. E-business in the transport & logistics industry 31 Supporting intermodal transport is a major part of the Commissions White paper:
. 49 COM (2004) 0060 final Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions-Towards a thematic strategy on the urban environment.
EDI/EDIFACT) and new communications platforms (e g. XML. Using e-business technologies, European transport and logistics companies can improve their productivity,
-or space-based communication. Tracking and tracing of cargo in all E-business in the transport
communication and control systems in the field of urban and rural surface transportation, including intermodal and multimodal aspects of traveller information, traffic management, public transport, commercial transport,
and communication technologies can contribute significantly to improving road safety, enabling the development of sophisticated safety systems that improve road users'chances of avoiding and surviving accidents.
Through the intensive use of ICT (acquisition, communication, and identification technologies) in logistics, the information flows, efficiently used by firms,
The Role of Logistics'Information and Communication Technologies in Promoting Competitive Advantages of the Firm, University of Beira Interior, Munich Personal Repec Archive. 56 Introna, L. D.,(1991.
They can enhance communication, collaboration, and cooperation between knowledge teams (including virtual teams) using intranet technologies as well as between the organisation
Sectoral e-Businesswatch (Survey 2007) The size and scalability of any computer network are determined both by the physical medium of communication
and by the software controlling the communication (i e.,, the protocols. An Intranet is a specific application of the internal computer network
which serves as a communication tool within the enterprise, and an Extranet can be viewed as part of a company's Intranet that is extended to users outside the company.
disclosure of all documents and the source codes of a software project as well as a permanent communication between all participants.
Economic impact of open source software on innovation and the competitiveness of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector in the EU. Final Report. http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/ict
communication and process management while delivering a secure, scalable and reliable solution suitable for running a company's most critical core business processes. 3. 4. 1 Use of software systems for internal process integration Specific software applications
the next wave of business communication centres around cross-enterprise application integration, collaborative workflows, and sophisticated business process dialogs.
Communications of the ACM, 43 (11), 107-112.95 Porter, M. 1980. Competitive Strategy. New york. The Free Press. 96 European Information Society, Thematic Portal, INFSO Projects impacting EU Policies:
Internet technology provides ways of drastically reducing different categories of transaction and communication costs. In that respect, the potential merit of various electronic procurement forms,
and communication of information, ICT has a pervasive influence on the supply chain. Supply chain integration can refer to internal and external integration.
including the communication with customers, offering products for sale, and developing new marketing strategies. 107 E-business leads to a fundamental shift in the structure and services of transportation and logistics businesses.
This case demonstrates a successful solution implementation in the public transport area that allowed achieving significant benefits in terms of passenger communication and service improvement,
Collaborative-direct communication with customers that does not include a company's sales or service representative (self service.
or enabled by information or communication technology. It takes a value of 1 if any product or process innovations were directly related to
Other, less obvious consequences for firms'innovativeness include creating communication infrastructures facilitating production networks or enabling partners to align the incentives of multiple players by creating joint business units
and Communication Technology (ICT) culture managed to implement a successful and innovative ebusiness solution in a relatively short time. 3. 5 e-Procurement and Supply Chain Integration 3. 5. 1
the communication with the bus is bidirectional. All these functions provide a centralised and real-time knowledge of the different operations to improve them,
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 140 5. 4. 2 E-business activity The role of information and communication technology in this market is very important.'
quality of services and communication with customers, suppliers and partners. Following an analysis of existing systems and current processes in place,
In order to improve customer service and communication Fret SNCF has implemented recently an electronic (e-)portal (Clic Services Fret SNCF.
e-Communication with customers Case contact person (s: Fabienne Girard and François Rannoux: Responsible for Service Offering and E Services at Fret SNCF 5. 6. 1 Background and objectives Fret SNCF handles freight carriage for SNCF (Société Nationale
Thanks to internal communication and change management good results have been achieved but it will take time until the new working modes will be adopted fully by the majority of employees.
and customer satisfaction by favouring reliable communication that is quick and always available thanks to a wide range of tools and services.
and a GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) card that sends the information to the Goal system managing the information sent to
Thanks to internal change management including involvement of employees in the project and communication and training,
At the moment, the solution runs with a Swiss communication card and as soon as the train is in a foreign country,
trucks at any time allowing better communication and discussion for improving efficiency. Before the solution implementation everything was on one person's desk written on sheets of paper.
*e-Communication with customers 5. 10.1 Background and objectives Saima Avandero is one of the top five international freight-forwarding specialists on the Italian market.
or through any other communication means like e-mail, fax or phone in case the supplier is connected not directly to the Saima Avandero database.
The supplier will then confirm the transport order (through the system or other communication tools.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is key for Trafikantens activities. The efficiency of the company is fully dependant on the development of those solutions.
All future services planned are based on Information and Communication technologies. The first information service provided by Trafikanten set up in 1988 was located a centrally service centre to manually sell tickets
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 179 5. 11.4 Lessons learned This case demonstrates a successful solution implementation in the public transport area that allowed achieving significant benefits in terms of passenger communication and service
improving customer services and customer communication through Web based and mobile information services for passengers (Travel planner, Timetables etc), ticketing systems,
Following-up on these recommendations, the European commission adopted a policy Communication on"e-Skills for the 21st Century:
Specifically for the TLS sector, the following actions to counteract the problems of ICT adoption in the sector have been developed: COM (2006) 314 final-Communication:
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions. COM (2008) 394 final.
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions. COM (2008) 394 final.
How the Communications Revolution Will Change our Lives, Boston: Harvard Business school Press. Cammack, http://www. cammack. co. uk/Cedefop 2004 (editor:
No. 397, pp. 569-596. COM (2004) 0060 final Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions-Towards a thematic strategy
"Communication from the Commission, 5. 10.2005 COM (2006) 314 final-Communication: Keep Europe moving-Sustainable mobility for our continent:
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European parliament on monitoring development of the rail market. COM (2007) 96 final.
Communication & Strategies, no. 60,157-179. Erber, G.,Hagemann, H. 2005: The New Economy in a Growth Crisis, in:
The Role of Logistics'Information and Communication Technologies in Promoting Competitive Advantages of the Firm, University of Beira Interior, Munich Personal Repec Archive.
Communications of the ACM, 43 (11), 107-112. http://ec. europa. eu/transport/road/policy/index en. htm HUPAC, http://www. hupac. ch
Electronic Markets and Electronic Hierarchies, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 484-497.
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