More information on the European union is available on the Internet (http://europa. eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
including blogs and internet-based communities 38. A typical example of using social resources to innovate is the popular phenomenon of open source software 71 and the current Threadless Community 72
OI thereby generates a unique way of eliciting and coordinating the efforts of scattered individuals in an internet-oriented knowledge base.
One way for policy-makers to elicit social knowledge is by building a wide range of internet-based platforms to bridge business sectors
internet-based communities; innovation intermediaries. Next, NSI effectiveness can be boosted through greater labour specialisation in the innovation field.
why internet marketplaces for technology have not yet met the expectations, Creat. Innov. Manage. 17 (1)( 2008) 14 25.2 R. Kirschbaum, Open innovation in practice, Res.
Manage. 20 (1 2)( 2003) 39 68.87 T. Y. Eng, Implications of the internet for knowledge creation and dissemination in clusters of hi-tech firms, Eur.
This seems like a natural process within internet companies, which are born digital, but the digital transformation is now spreading rapidly to enable organizations of all shapes and sizes to reinvent themselves.
which are delivered largely direct to consumers via the internet, rather than through traditional retail channels.
Ru, the Russian internet communication and entertainment company. We don't trade in oil; we trade in innovation,
Rambler Internet Holding 2000 2006 Developer, Senior Developer, Head of Mail Development Department, Mail. Ru 1995 2000 Computer science, Lomonosov Moscow State university (MSU) Lars Mathiesen Nykredit 2002 today CIO and Executive vice president, Nykredit 1997 2002 Executive vice president Retail Business
and services Semiconductors and 8%telecommunications equipment 7%Transport and logistics Media and televison 4%10%Other E-commerce, internet and social media 6%Cable operators and services
Action The pace of change in the Internet arena means that Ireland in general and the regions outside of the Greater Dublin Area in particular, will be left even further behind competitor countries
Fexco (Tralee) and Quinn (Cavan) 25 Internet data transfer capacities are growing at a fast rate.
These trends are reflected through the phenomenon of‘cloud computing'a now widely used term to describe how scalable and flexible IT capabilities are provided as a service to multiple customers using internet technologies.
The TSSG's deepening expertise in the area of future internet infrastructure and services and its strong commercial focus provides the region with a strong platform for future indigenous and FDI enterprise potential.
much of the major infrastructure is in place to deliver high speed internet to the majority of potential users in the Southeast region.
The TSSG's deepening expertise in the area of future internet infrastructure and services and its strong commercial focus provides the region with a strong platform for future indigenous and FDI enterprise potential.
and the growing dominance of the internet experience reflected in radically altered business models. The games industry in particular is showing very healthy and rapid growth globally.
Many of these activities can be delivered from anywhere in the world to anywhere in the world-enabled by telecoms and internet technologies and presents opportunity for SMES and regionally based firms However
In addition, TSSG are engaged also actively in steering the Future Internet agenda in Europe. With ongoing investment by SFI and EI in the TSSG, its leadership role in European projects, its cluster Of high Potential Start-up and its strategic partners with international leaders in the internet and model networks
and services the TSSG is positioned well to support economic development in the South East. Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre The Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre has also been identified as a major RTD centre that will underpin the Priority Area of Therapeutics as part of the current Research Prioritisation Exercise.
The TSSG has created 11 spinouts in the mobile services/internet application space. Feedhenry now employs over 30 people,
The Internet has opened an avenue for social networks and these virtual platforms are multiplying, which incentivize collaborations between Social Entrepreneurs and across sectors, pool resources
The dark side of internet freedom. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://tropicaline. files. wordpress. com/2011/04/netdelusion. pdf Northwestern university Innovation and New Ventors Office.
Pew Internet & American Life Project-Smartphone Ownership 2013. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://www. pewinternet. org/Reports/2013/Smartphone-Ownership-2013. aspx Socrative (2014.
Less than a quarter of the population accesses the Internet on a regular basis, and only a small fraction has access to broadband.
it currently shows low penetration rates of new technologies such as mobile phones and the Internet. Ghana is ranked 103rd this year,
A related area of concern is the low level of technological readiness in Tanzania (122nd), with very low uptake of ICT such as the Internet and mobile telephony.
41 37 Developing and testing hardware and software for an Internet of Energies Integrating grid operation and electronic marketplace Gaining knowhow on interoperability,
The overall goal of the E-Energy Programme is Paving the way towards an Internet of Energywith technical solutions for grid operation
Paving the way towards an Internet of Energy R&d and Innovation policy, Innovation Agenda, Technology Roadmaps Available-The German Roadmap E-Energy/Smart Grid,-Analysis and evaluation of standards
First, there is the scenario Internet of the Energy, upon which the EENERGY Programme is built. Second, the dena-Netzstudie (Grid Study published by the German Energy Agency) focuses on scenarios of implications of the integration of renewables
only for project partners) Scenarios Available-"Internet der Energie"(Internet of Energy)- ICT for energy markets of the future.
The energy economy on the way to the internet era,-dena-Netzstudie II (Grid Study: Integration of renewable energies in the German electricity supply system 2015-2020 with outlook for 2025,-Estimation of the enhancement needs iof German distribution grids due to photovoltaic
Paving the way towards an Internet of Energy www. e-energy. de/documents/BMWI BROSCH E ENERGYV4 E 26 6. pdf The German Roadmap E-Energy/Smart Grid www. e-energy. de
-und standardisierungsumfeldes e-Energy (1). pdf Energy concept of the Federal government"Internet der Energie"(Internet of Energy)- ICT for energy markets of the future. www. e-energy. de
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Digital technologies and the Internet have transformed many areas of business from Google and Amazon to Airbnb and Kickstarter.
and infrastructures e g. sensor networks where they connect their devices, such as phones and Internet modems,
which was founded in 2000 as a response to the lack of broadband Internet in rural Catalonia,
and provides Internet connection to those who would otherwise not be able to access it. 6 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe Who are the digital social innovators?
The Internet is approximately 40 years old and its capacity for generating societal and economic value is understood relatively well,
therefore, exists at the heart of the Internet. Despite the existence of a technical networking layer that could spread power
and solutions for a wide range of social needs and at a scale and speed that was unimaginable before the rise of the Internet'.
1. 1 Project overview 1. 2 Harnessing Collective Intelligence for the social good 1. 3 Digital Social Innovation in the context of Future Internet in Europe EXPLORING DSI
1. 1 Project overview 1. 2 Harnessing Collective Intelligence for the social good 1. 3 Digital Social Innovation in the context of Future Internet in Europe Growing
In particular, we examine how some of these digital services can take advantage of the network effect of the Internet
as the Internet is increasingly the technical underpinning of the sociotechnical fabric of our societies.
1) the level of the technical networking infrastructure itself provided by the Internet and 2) the level of online services built on top of these networks.
For example, despite the Internet being funded a military research project and the web a scientific project at their inceptions,
the Internet and web were based on open standards and a radically decentralised architecture that could be harnessed by any actor.
Beyond the Internet, many new technologies such as open hardware may have positive network externalities. This network effect applies in a straightforward manner for some services such as social networking sites like Facebook,
For each kind of socially innovative service, we want to determine how they can maximise their impact using the infrastructure made available by the widespread usage of digital tools such as the Internet.
the Internet forms a natural digital substrate for collective intelligence. Looking forward collective intelligence is necessary for social innovation to tackle the problems facing society in today's complex and interconnected world, where grasping problems such as the financial crisis, climate change,
At the present moment, the Internet offers unprecedented opportunities for collective intelligence via its increasing ubiquity and the massive amounts of data available for collective transformation into knowledge.
More than five billion additional people will connect to the Internet globally in the next ten years,
whilst over twenty billion objects will be connected to the Internet, transmitting data coming from people, sensors, the environment and objects themselves.
However, we cannot expect the Internet by itself to drive innovation to help citizens address major societal challenges.
If we observe the Internet during its early phases when it was funded primarily by research and defense, its founding principles, such as network neutrality, equitable service,
A main Internet trend-threat is recognised today: an increasing concentration of power in services in the hands of a few data aggregators, none of which are based in Europe (Google controlling nearly 82%of the global search market and 98%of the mobile search market,
and stimulate inclusive innovation. 1. 3 DIGITAL SOCIAL INNOVATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FUTURE INTERNET IN EUROPE The world wide web became successful
The future of the Internet should remain pluralistic, so that there is space for DSI alongside commercial services in the Cloud.
Digital social innovation could play a central role in the development of the Future Internet and the Internet of things.
Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe 19 POWER TO INTERNET THE PEOPLE Wikis, Usergenerated knowledge P2p Free Content Blogs Social networks E-democracy PEOPLE
The alternative is to accelerate innovations that align the capacities of the Internet better to social needs
A major risk for the Future Internet is the realisation of the‘Big brother'scenario, with big industrial players (mainly US-based) reinforcing their dominant position by implementing platform lock in strategies,
since we are seeing a consolidation of existing powers at every layer of the Internet ecosystem.
In the UK, Nesta research documented how 25%of UK adults used Internet technologies to share assets and resources in 2013 20146.
Commotion and Tor are using bottom-up privacy-preserving decentralised infrastructure for the open Internet constituted by open standards,
Important developments to re-decentralise the Internet, leveraging P2p open technologies, are happening at many levels.
while preserving the openness and accessibility of the Internet infrastructure. Many activities in this space are driven by grassroots networks,
while preserving the openness and accessibility of the Internet infrastructure. It includes projects that are using bottom up privacy-preserving
Community networking (also known as bottom-up networking) is an emerging model for the Future Internet across Europe and beyond,
Internet networks have become a key infrastructure for the development of the digital economy due to the‘democratisation'of the access technologies,
and obstacles regarding Internet specifications that are exposed by these edge networks. The Guifi. net initiative is developing a free,
Guifi. net is connected to the Catalan Internet Exchange (CATNIX) as an autonomous system (AS) via optical fibre with IPV4 and IPV6.
privacy-aware and crypto tools that bounce Internet users'and websites'traffic through‘relays'run by thousands of volunteers around the world,
Other interesting examples of multidisciplinary research projects are the Network of Excellence on Internet Science (EINS),
that aims to integrate multidisciplinary scientific understanding of Internet networks and their co-evolution with society,
and moving towards and Open source Internet of Thingst Open-source hardware consists of hardware whose blueprints are made publicly available
which facilitate the anywhere/anytime access to the Internet, and to new services So-called Cyber Physical Systems (CPS),
and with the Internet, is giving rise to what has been named as Industry 4. 019 This smart infrastructure is also increasingly getting to know people by aggregating personal and social data in massive data centres.
Successful actors in DSI have managed to leverage large networks using the Internet in order to accomplish innovation at scale by the network effect.
Top-down and systemic approaches The most relevant initiatives are the European Innovation Partnerships, Smart Cities, the Future Internet Public-Private Partnership Programme (FI-PPP),
The development of the Future Internet is addressed mainly through a number of technical projects, such as the FI PPP23 and the 5g PPP24.
Also the Internet needs to continue to be a neutral space where creativity can continue to flourish. 7. Gender Equality in DSI Promote gender equality and empowerment of women through ICT in DSI by tackling things such as criteria for funding
The Internet ecosystem today is highly centralised The current Internet is dominated by a handful of mainly US companies that control all the layers of the ecosystem (app store, cloud, machine learning, devices),
DARPA led to the creation of the internet, the R&d funding at CERN led to the invention of the Web) Encourage people to think about:
and encryption Federated identity management Data control and data ownership The EU data protection reform package Directive on the reuse of public sector information Copyright reform Net Neutrality Magna carta for the Internet Enabling
The Internet is the best example of the power of interoperability. Its open architecture has given billions of people around the world access to information,
Today mobile devices with always-on Internet connectivity are becoming widespread. 74 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe INTEROPERABILITY50 In the area of copyright,
OPEN PLATFORMS Users of the Internet ecosystem include the independent application and service providers who have the right to use the future Internet infrastructure (including both data in a raw and processed form,
as well as access to computing resources). Any privileged access provided to the owner/managers of the infrastructure would alter free competition.
therefore allowing for innovation in the wider economy based on the Future Internet users must be able to come (no barriers to entry)
A Magna carta for the Internet Tim Berners Lee, the inventor of the Web is advocating for a sort of Magna carta for the Internet to estabilish basic rights and freedoms,
to keep the Internet open, without surveillance and censorship, and to halt power abuses from Governments and corporations.
The Magna carta for the Internet goes along with recent UN General assembly (UNGA) resolution on The Right to privacy in the Digital Age. 68.
INVESTMENT ON ENABLING INFRASTRUCTURES Community and bottom-up networking is an emerging mode of the Future Internet,
plugging into existing and future Internet infrastructures. At regulatory level The Digital agenda emphasises the need to adopt open standards
Consultant Logica Daniel Kaplan Founder and CEO, The next-Generation Internet Foundation Simona Levi Founder, Forum for the Access to Culture and Knowledge Markkula Markku Committee
/programmes/horizon2020/23 http://www. fi-ppp. eu/24 http://5g-ppp. eu/25 http://www. internet-of-thingsresearch. eu 26
/field/image/internet-of-things-2. jpg Page 35 Brendan Lea (2013) Open Data Institute Annual Summit 2013 online Flickr, Open
https://www. flickr. com/photos/giuli-o/3421327165 Accessed 29th january 2015 Page 75 Randy Matusky (2013) Map of the Internet online http://diaryofanelearner
More information on the European union is available on the Internet (http://europa. eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
existing and planned technology infrastructures (broadband networks) and other telecom-and internet-related services are presented in the Digital Agenda Scoreboard. 21 Human resources:
sustainable and inclusive economic growth through the realisation of the digital single market and the exploitation of the potential for innovation of fast and ultra fast internet and interoperable services and applications.
DAE has set ambitious targets for high speed internet infrastructure across the Union by 2020: 100%coverage of EU households at 30 Mbps minimum+50%take-up subscriptions
together with an affordable high speed internet infrastructure, are essential components of these ambitious goals.
Barriers and challenges Europe is facing an investment challenge in the financing of high speed internet infrastructure
because the benefits for society as a whole appear to be much greater than the private incentives to invest in faster internet network infrastructures.
or promoting specialisations in specific market segments or niches (such as micro-or nanoelectronics, photonics, embedded systems, smart integrated systems and complex systems engineering, next generation computing and future Internet, einfrastructures;
Plan for high speed Internet Infrastructure (Next Generation Networks) The Guide to Broadband Investment, presenting the various models for management authorities wishing to invest in high speed infrastructure,
and Media supporting the exchange of good practice in the planning and the deployment of broadband and high speed internet infrastructure.
Regions are reminded to closely coordinate their plans with the actions included in the national plans for high speed internet (national broadband plans) with a view to exploiting synergies
You can obtain their contact details on the Internet (http://ec. europa. eu) or by sending a fax to+352 2929-42758.
2. the professional consultants were prepared better to deal with SME specific challenges 3. cross-border information about IPR issues would be easily available on the internet
and innovation processes are getting more diverse by the integration of advanced IT and internet.
0271) 740-2279 Internet: www. prokmu. de PRO KMU Alle Rechte vorbehalten. ISSN: 1863-6632 III Table of contents 1. Introduction...
Internet links for further information on‘good practice'regions...77 List of Figures Figure 1:
The technological development worldwide (increasing importance of sectors like biotechnology, internet services etc.;dislocation of emphasis from hardware to services) was a benefit for Boston that‘was poised ideally to take advantage of the rise in returns to skill that so marked the last quarter of the twentieth century.'(
These market or structural changes can be seen as main external triggers for change and the search for and the acceptation of new market opportunities and the change of technological focus (lately, emergence of biotechnology and internet services.
Internet links for further information on‘good practice'regions (selection) Bangalore-India: www. onlinebangalore. com www. bangaloreit. in Boston-USA:
and Use of the Internet (Hungarians are keen to engage in many internet activities and outperform the EU average on use of the Internet-80%use social networks, the highest in the EU). At the same time,
Hungary scores below the average in Digital Public services (just 31%of internet users actively use egovernment,
Connectivity, Human Capital, Use of Internet, Integration of Digital Technology and Digital Public services. For more information about the DESI please refer to http://ec. europa. eu/digital-agenda/en/digital-agenda-scoreboard 2 The DESI 2015 is constructed from indicators referring mostly to the calendar year 2014 (except
Hungary EU DESI 2015 DESI 2014 DESI 2015 value rank value rank value 2a1 Internet users%individuals (aged 16-74) 75%(2014) 15
Graduates in STEM per 1000 individuals (aged 20 to 29) 9. 5 (2012) 26 9. 5 (2012) 26 17 (2012) 75%of Hungarians use the internet,
DESI 2015 Country Profile Hungary Page 4 of 6 3 Use of Internet 3 Use of Internet Hungary Cluster score EU score rank score
Hungarian Internet users engage in a broad range of internet activities and outperform the EU average on the Use of the Internet.
Hungary EU DESI 2015 DESI 2014 DESI 2015 value rank value Rank value 3a1 News%individuals who used Internet in the last 3 months (aged 16-74
) 85%(2014) 6 83%(2013) 8 67%(2014) 3a2 Music, Videos and Games%individuals who used Internet in the last 3 months (aged 16-74) 47%(2014) 18 51%(2012) 13 49%(2014) 3a3 Video on Demand
%households that have a TV 23%(2014) 16 23%(2013) 15 41%(2014) 3b1 Video Calls%individuals who used Internet in the last 3 months (aged 16-74
) 52%(2014) 7 37%(2013) 14 37%(2014) 3b2 Social networks%individuals who used Internet in the last 3 months (aged 16-74) 80%(2014) 1
78%(2013) 1 58%(2014) 3c1 Banking%%individuals who used Internet in the last 3 months (aged 16-74) 40%(2014) 22 36%(2013) 23 57%(2014) 3c2 Shopping%individuals who used Internet
in the last year (aged 16-74) 42%(2014) 20 38%(2013) 21 63%(2014) As for the most popular activities on-line,
85%of Hungarian internet users read news, and 80%use social networks. The use of social networks is the highest in the EU. 47%of the internet users listen to music,
watch films or play games online, and 52%make video calls. Despite the progress last year, Hungary still falls well below the average on internet banking and online shopping.
On ecommerce, this is also linked to the supply side, as the percentage of SMES selling online is also below the average.
out of Internet users in the last year (aged 16-74) 31%(2014) 16 23%(2013) 17 33%(2014) 5a2 Pre-filled Forms Score (0 to 100
More information on the European union is available on the Internet (http://europa. eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
You can obtain their contact details on the internet (http://ec. europa. eu) or by sending a fax to+352 2929 42758.
All results are available on the internet and can be accessed or ordered via the Europa server
particularly those linked to the internet and e-business (see Chapter 3). Basic ICT infrastructure Nearly all companies which use computers in the TLS sector said in 2007 that they were con E-business in the transport & logistics industry 6 nected to the internet (97%).
%There is a clear trend towards broadband connections: except for micro-firms, more than 40%of all companies are connected by broadband,
the former internet hype was replaced suddenly by a widespread disappointment with e-business strategies. Companies adopted a more reserved and sceptical attitude towards investing in ICT.
While the narrow definition focuses on'internet transactions'alone, the broad definition defines e-commerce as"the sale or purchase of goods or services,
11 while fully recognising the importance of the internet during the pre-purchase phase for the initiation of business.
Vehicle dimensions and loading standards Green transport corridors for freight Urban freight transport logistics E-Freight and ITS Internet for cargo Standard for information flow Standard
As regards data communications technologies, firms may appeal to the electronic data interchange (EDI), the Internet, the Value Added Network amongst others.
The accessibility and the numerous opportunities to creatively use the Internet has brought many implications to the organisations core business processes to generate enormous benefits in terms of performance as well as provide greater value-added products and services.
Percentages of enterprises adopting several technologies (2005) EU25 57 Reis F. The internet and other computer networks and their use by European enterprises to do ebusiness, Statistics in focus, Industry
particularly those linked to the Internet and e-business. ICT and e-business activities deployment has thus become increasingly important for the industry.
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 40 Today, the main transport and logistics service firms are in a position to provide a variety of information via the Internet and to secure transactions online with customers.
The prominence of the internet among all computer networks is evident because of its size in terms of the number of persons and enterprises it connects and its worldwide scope.
For most EU Member States internet adoption is approaching saturation point. Overall, for the EU, by 2005,91%of enterprises with 10 or more persons employed had internet access. 58 In line with this tendency, in the present study, nearly all companies (97)
%which use computers in the TLS sector said that they are connected to Internet. Exhibit 3. 1-4 Internet access and bandwidth (2007) Of those:
Sectoral e-Businesswatch (Survey 2007) Only among passenger transport firms, a minority of 5%responded that they have no Internet connection.
By share of employment, firms representing 99%of the sector workforce are connected to Internet. A relevant indicator is the existence of broadband connection.
Only 17%of the sector companies (representing 8%of the sector workforce) still use an Internet access up to 144 kbit/s, 58 Reis F. The internet and other computer networks and their use by European ibid.
The quality of the Internet connection is paramount to the development of e-business. This connection enables an exchange of more information per unit of time
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 43 Voice-over-IP Voice over internet Protocol, also called Voip, IP Telephony, Internet telephony, Broadband telephony, Broadband Phone and Voice
over Broadband is the routing of voice conversations over the Internet or through any other IP-based network.
a common scenario predicts that all fixed network voice telephony might be converted to internet protocol. 59 The public switched telephone network (PSTN) is the network of the world's public circuitswitched telephone networks,
in much the same way that the Internet is the network of the world's public IP-based packet-switched networks.
and continuously upgrade e-skills stems from technological change an increasingly from Internet-enabled global sourcing.
As Internet commerce grows in popularity and importance, companies are finding that designing, developing, and maintaining cutting edge Web-sites
the Internet and the World wide web, EDI is still the data format used by the vast majority of electronic commerce transactions in the world.
In particular, internet browsers (including Mozilla and Firefox) based on OSS appear to be used widely by companies from the TLS industry (21%).
http://www. rfidconsultation. eu/workshops/18/124. html. E-business in the transport & logistics industry 60 3. 4 Internal Process Integration More and more the Internet is becoming
The new capabilities to use the Internet to supply large amounts of relevant information from multiple internal and external sources give the possibility to move from isolated information systems toward an integrated environment in every business organisation.
Current opinion holds that Internet-based supply chain integration with upstream suppliers and downstream customers-"e-integration"-is superior to traditional ways of doing business.
which implies the integration of business applications and data with the Internet and with the systems of the company's trading partners.
or internet-based services for eprocurement (see Exhibit 3. 4-1). This shows that there is a gap between the percentage of companies placing at least some orders online (41%)and those that use special software for this (20%).
From the early successes of internal application integration and the business drivers of the Internet economy to companies to more tightly integrate their processes,
Internet technology provides ways of drastically reducing different categories of transaction and communication costs. In that respect, the potential merit of various electronic procurement forms,
which is conducted on the Internet, and is expected to account for the vast majority of it within a few years.
and aims to provide customer services over the Internet for a simpler, faster and more reliable exchange of information with the customer.
providing four major e-services to customers allowing them to directly order transport services on the Internet (Commande@RESAFRET),
extensible mark up language (XML), electronic data access (EDA) and the Internet. To meet customer demand for seamless, comprehensive and reliable information on which to base business decisions today,
and in particular the internet, can be used in various ways to support marketing activities, including the communication with customers, offering products for sale,
regardless of transport mode or company, providing travellers with real time accurate information about vehicle arrival and departure time via Internet, mobile channels and through signs available at the stops.
the Logistics services sector has a relatively bigger percentage of firms in the high internet usage by employees cluster.
being the medium internet usage cluster the cluster of companies with more probability of increasing their market share
& logistics industry 90 3. 9 Summary and conclusions of ICT and e-business deployment Concerning the rate of Internet adoption, the TLS sector infrastructure,
For this reason, it will be practically unnecessary the inclusion of questions related to Internet or connectivity in future surveys.
In particular Internet browsers (including Mozilla and Firefox) based on OSS appear to be used widely by companies from the sector.
The fact that the internet and globalisation have led to many closely-knitted interlinkages between land,
and includes the share of employees with an internet access at their workplace, internet connection capacity and the use of LAN, Intranet and Extranet.
CRM and the use of the internet to buy and sell goods. ICT human capital variable that controls for the presence of ICT practitioners.
The dependent variable accounting for the intensity of the ICT usage is a sum of answers to the questions regarding the internet connection type (score between 1 and 4), the use of LAN, WLAN, WWW, Intranet, Extranet, ERM, SCM, CRM,
the use of the internet to sell and buy goods and employing IT practitioners (one score for each positive answer).
At the beginning of the internet era, a common believe was that ICT and e-commerce were to eliminate the limitations of location
are entries of internet start-ups. Amazon or ebay are already icons of e-commerce that changed the landscape of the retailing industry.
The explanatory variable controlling for a firm's ICT endowment level is composed an index of answers to the questions regarding the internet connection type (score between 1 and 4), the use of LAN, WLAN, WWW, Intranet, Extranet, ERM, SCM, CRM,
the use of the internet to sell and buy goods and employing IT practitioners (one score for each positive answer).
The explanatory variable controlling for a company's ICT endowment level is composed an index of answers to the questions regarding the internet connection type (score between 1 and 4), the use of LAN, WLAN, WWW, Intranet, Extranet, ERM, SCM, CRM,
the use of the internet to sell and buy goods and employing IT practitioners (one score for each positive answer).
However future concessions are probably going to take into account also new ICT implementation aspects, like internet sales, web page, centralised information systems, etc.
with complete Java internal support and external web interfacing for the e-ticket sales via Internet and mobile phone.
and positive impacts, including the opening of new sales channels (mobile and internet sales) which increase the customer satisfaction,
Since the year 2000 ALSA started the ticket sales system via internet (based on a B2c platform.
when they add a new channel to sell the tickets (internet, mobile phone, travel agency, ticket offices, etc.).
The internet sales currently represent 20%of total ticket sales (final users and travel agencies), and the mobile phone sales represent 1%of ticket sales.
intelligent proximity sensors onboard some of the vehicles or the use of integrated mobile data communications systems onboard the buses. Some of the high class buses (like the Supra class coach) have implemented also free Wifi Internet connection service for the clients.
and aims to provide customer services over the Internet for a simpler, faster and more reliable exchange of information with the customer.
Commande@RESAFRET enables the customer to directly order transport services on the internet. Each customer possesses a personalised online catalogue that details the respective transport terms negotiated.
or provided through different channels like the Internet and mobile channels. It allows to better inform passengers regarding travels
%In 1997 the travel planner was launched on the Internet for public use; www. trafikanten. no.
The objective of the real-time information project is to provide travellers with the accurate vehicle arrival and departure time information via the Internet,
& logistics industry 177 transport vehicles to the public over different channels including the Internet,
Trafikanten has achieved its main goal of providing this real-time information on the punctuality of all targeted transport modes through the internet, mobile channels and signs to the public.
and login and can access the solution via the Internet. The region pays a monthly fee (about 5000 crones.
Nearly all TLS companies (97%)which use computers in the TLS sector are connected to Internet.
In micro and small companies in particular, the usage of ICT equipment and the access to the internet are limited often to the owner and a few key people.
The Global Internet Economy. Helpman, E. and Trajtenberg, M. 1998a. A time to sow and a time to reap:
Reis F. The internet and other computer networks and their use by European enterprises to do ebusiness, Statistics in focus, Industry, Trade and Services, 28/2006.
http://www. rfidconsultation. eu/workshops/from-rfid-to-the-internet-of-things-march-6-and-7/introduction Trafikanten, http://www. trafikanten. no Trans Link Systems http://www
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