and according to Nielsen, 81 billion minutes were spent on social networks and blogs in 2011 and 42%of tablet owners use them daily while watching TV (Nielsen, 2011).
Closely related to the empirical application in this paper, the worldwide market for online games surpassed $15 billion in 2010 with additional sales of virtual goods likely to exceed $1 billion (Playlogic Entertainment
a Facebook group about a product, or a guild or clan of players in a video game, as it is the case in our application.
+32 2 230 57 51 www. eua. be Twitter:@@euatweets The European University Association (EUA) is the representative organisation of universities and national rectors'conferences in 47 European countries.
Britons have a Facebook profilei, 40 per cent of internet users upload self-created content to the web,
and the same amount post messages to chat sites, blogs and newsgroups. ii Nearly a quarter of UK mobile phones users now have a Smartphone,
or blogs. iii We know that digital technology is transforming our professional and social lives.
36,483 Twitter users were active during the first debate 28,790 were active during the second debate. v Almost a quarter of 18 to 24 year olds commented on politics via social networks during the election. vi Local,
Projects range from encouraging local people to write their own blogs and training for council officers on how to engage with communities via the web,
whilst ensuring that the already empowered are not the only ones who become the digitally empowered. i http://www. clickymedia. co. uk/2010/06/uk-facebook-statistics-for-june-2010/ii http://www. statistics. gov
http://www. scribd. com/doc/32819785/Orange-s-Digital-Election-Analysis vi http://www. bbc. co. uk/blogs/thereporters/rorycellanjones
and to focus on social networks as opposed to the individual. Their work is based on four main principles:
and web-based social networking around issues such as the management of chronic disease or childcare. Another trend is the rise of prosumption that is
Citizens can then share their climate actions with others via social networking. xcvii 66 4. Policies to support social innovation Governments at every level European, national,
The other 78 residencies will be dedicated to employment, health, democracy, social networks, universities, transport and food systems. cii Another project run by the 27th Region is Atelier 27,
Initially, and unsuccessfully, they tried to canvass public opinion through social networking sites such as Myspace and Youtube.
and it was more‘intellectual'than Facebook or Myspace. In addition, organisers felt that the open nature of the wiki matched the openness they were hoping to achieve in government.
and social networking tools. The other comes from culture and values: the growing emphasis on the human dimension;
It has therefore become crucial for ventures to have access to the tools wikis, chat rooms, forums, comment boxes, and blogs.
ways of connecting each web site to others (through links and RSS feeds) as well as establishing a presence on other social networking sites like Youtube and Facebook
Viral marketing techniques can be used to tap into existing social networks and spread social ideas. Swarmtribes, an ongoing NESTA project, applies the principles of viral marketing to create a new kind of community engagement platform.
Think, for example, of micro-blogging service Twitter, personal publishing platform Wordpress, citizen reporting papers such as Ohmynews, social networking sites such as Facebook, Orkut,
This includes social networking websites Facebook Orkut, and Bebo, as well as websites which aim to connect people together in real life for particular causes.
The extent to which social networks and a gift economy operate in the sphere of consumption has long been remarked on by anthropologists for example (from Christmas presents to the purchase of rounds of beer.
of alternative models for running schools in India. 455) Social uses of commercial technology such as IBM's use of translation software on its Meedan website of Arabic blogs,
or web-based social networking around specific issues (there are reportedly 18 million cancer related websites, the great majority generated by those affected by the disease.
In the last year alone, Facebook has been used to mobilise protesters against knife crime, the military Junta in Burma, and FARC.
Oscar Morales, founder of the Facebook group One million Voices against FARC (which now has over 400,000 members) used the social networking site to organise a massive protest against the rebel forces in February 2008.
Over a million people marched through the streets of Bogotá 4 208 THE OPEN BOOK OF SOCIAL INNOVATION carrying banners with the slogan‘no more kidnappings, no more deaths, no more FARC'.
117 Expert Patients Programme 116 Extremes 36 Fabian society 48 Facebook 75; 138; 207 Fair Trade 119;
Towns 109,120, 191,207, 219 Transmitters 95,107 Tribunis Plebis 43,152 Triggers and Inspirations 15 Triodos Bank 186,188 Turning point 182 Twitter 138 Ukeles
and highly detailed spatial-temporal microsimulation methodology for human mobility, grounded on massive amounts of Big data of various types and from various sources, like GPS, mobile phones and social networking sites.
and constraints emerging from social networks paradigms, such as, e g.,, crowdsourcing and people services. Moreover, this part of the volume will explore the identity challenges for businesses both as security and privacy issues;
and consumed through social networks and digital infrastructures. 1 However, we are facing a radical change, with a new breed of potential business leaders, users and consumers.
and breathe of the information flows in social networks and potentially see the world as a big data repository to be exploited,
allowing a seamless integration of the virtual world of social networks and playground as part of their own everyday life.
They post everything on Facebook and they‘‘makes a game out of everything''as said Brian Niccol chief marketing
Obviously, former generations make use of digital artifacts and social networks too, but they are not as dependent on them as a digital citizen may be,
for example, 12 terabytes of Tweets are created every day into improved product sentiment analysis 6. BIG DATA Cloud computing Social networks Internet of things Mobile 80%of the world's data is unstructured.
Twitter processes 7 terabytes of data every day. Facebook processes 10 terabytes of data every day. 220 Terabytes of Web Data. 9 Petabytes of dat-a Web. 2 billion Internet users by 2011 (worldwide.
4. 6 billion Mobile phones (worldwide. 1 2 3 4 Veracity Fig. 1. 1 Big data drivers and characteristics 1. 1 Introduction 5 Velocity:
, on social networks to sensor data, click streams, e g.,, from internet of things. Accessibility: the fourth dimension concerns the unmatched availability of channels a business may increase
besides the above mentioned social networks, mobile technologies, and internet of things. It is worth noting that a priority number is associated to each driver
, Linkedin, Facebook, and Twitter to identify potential threats or opportunities related to human resources, customers, competitors, etc.
As a consequence, we believe that the distinction between DDSS and Big data is useful to point out a difference in scope and target of decision making,
and services due to the growing relevance of social networks, mobile services, and technology/paradigms such as cloud computing (we provide further details on each of them in Chaps. 2, 3 and 4, respectively).
using mainly Facebook and Twitter, and the ability of these platforms to provide data that can translate user choices in demographic information valuable to achieve marketing and communications initiatives,
Google Apps, Facebook Youtube Microsoft Azure, Google Appengine, Amazon Simple DB/S3 Amazon EC2, Gogrid, Flexiscale Data centres Fig. 2. 2
the role of mobile in helping drive Facebook users and revenue 2. Moreover, analysts has placed in 2013 mobile applications
, social networks, smart mobile communications, cloud computing, high bandwidth telecommunication networks contribute to create digital infrastructures for service provision,
Key technology service enablers Examples Social networking Facebook, Twitter, Google, etc.++Smart mobile communications iphone, ipad, Android OS Smartphones and tablets Cloud computing Amazon, dropbox, Google, Salesforce. com, Windows Azure, etc.
save and share on social networks or via e-mail, the‘‘Favorites''vehicles against other Toyota models,
focused on a continuous and appropriate listening to social networks as well as supported by multidisciplinary competencies, enabling an effective
and applications need for a continuous and appropriate listening to social networks as well as the involvement of multidisciplinary competencies to enable an effective knowledge for implementing mobile solutions
Application offers enhanced customer service, social networking and exclusive mlottm shopping feature. Kony Press releases, 07 dec 2010. http://www. kony. com/content/kony-powers-toyotas-cutting-edge-mobile-shopping-tool-application.
Transform, Organ References 65 Chapter 4 Social Listening Abstract This Chapter aims to discuss the key issues raised by social networks
emerging from the convergence of sensors and social network technologies. 4. 1 Introduction The 2. 0 technologies development and the worldwide social network diffusion ask for new, agile,
while 71%of the 625 million active internet users used to read blogs. Moreover 78%of people usually trusted other consumers,
blogs and social media in which the focus is searched both on product and relevant concepts? Once identified, how to identify the most influential users?
, the websites, blogs or social media that really talk about the products or issues we are actually looking for.
or classifying systems), the latter uses links between, for example, blogs or wikis as content similarity indicators.
advanced social network analysis techniques 10,11 support the creation and maintenance of maps of influence based of available links;
for example, a blog's importance can be evaluated measuring how it contributes to the information diffusion process (Flow Betweeness)
or calculating how many blogs contained a link for the considered one (Pagerank). Other important metrics that have to be considered at the state of the art are the Degree centrality (for example which blogs,
tweets or posts on facebooks receive more links, retweets, or‘‘like'')Closeness centrality, and Betweeness centrality, that allow to define the influence on specific arguments.
Nevertheless, it is important to underline that not always, e g.,, bloggers include their sources'link;
for this reason, a better indicator of influence could be the number of users that read the blog, a tweet, a post on Facebook,
For these reasons, it became strategically relevant to have systems that make the reader able to recognize bad opinions on blogs and social media
With this aim, systems able to interpret the overall opinion on a blog, website, or social media have been developed,
blogs, wikis, microblogging, and social media, changed the whole way to consider 70 4 Social Listening information diffusion and its impacts on businesses and everyday life.
(and, will be enabled by the diffusion of Web 2. 0 4. 3 Information Growth and Market Opinion 73 technologies and social networks,
along with the already mentioned wikis, blogs, etc.,several other technologies are yet available such as Mashup systems, RSS syndication, social bookmarking, Podcast and widget.
These systems reshape the way social networking is considered, giving it a more dynamic and multi-sources perspective.
the IT function is involved often occasionally in the social network platforms identification, integration and management. Trying to manage the security issues actively,
identify, evaluate and face the impact of external risks that rise up from social networks and 2. 0 technologies.
and technologies for sentiment analysis and opinion mining have several potential applications in support of marketing intelligence in the sphere of social networks and 2. 0 technologies.
looking at blogs and online comments; on the other hand, people rarely accept that their personal conversations are checked constantly, e g.,
and availability of information made possible, on the one hand, by social networks, 2. 0 applications, and digital services;
but also social networks, and web technologies to infer data about people preferences, activities, and their social environments 35.
or indirect interaction with people carrying sensor-equipped pervasive devices connected to the same social network service''(p. 3). This pervasive social context is characterized
integrating sensors with social networks data. This may definitely shift the meaning of what businesses mean time-tomarket towards the capability of interpreting individual customer experience through real-time offerings.
what in Table 4. 5 is classified as‘‘Crowdsourcing for user centered activities''with a prevalence of the convergence of localization features and social networks through Table 4. 4 Technological enablers of social sensing.
, Linkedin, Facebook, Twitter, and so on, provide information about competitors'actions, customers'tendencies, and other strategically relevant dimensions.
After a series of analyses on blogs and forums straightly related to its own sector, Outotec found out that all these information could have helped significantly its business to grow.
In particular, the external practitioners involved in projects, frequently used Linkedin, Facebook, and Twitter also for benchmarking analysis. Especially in the open source activities or in the development communities,
the usage of social media and collaborative spaces has contributed to provide reliable source of information and platforms where people (and firms) can easily interact
Among the instruments, blogs and wikis, forums for discussion, video services (Youtube and Slideshare), have provided dynamic and direct sources for interact and collect/share information.
In this Chapter, we have discussed further social sensing as a specific configuration of social listening, emerging from the convergence of sensors and social network technologies.
The next Generation of Analytics-Based Marketing Seeks Insights from Blogs. Operations research/Management Science Today, 26 30 (February 10.
Wasserman S, Faust KC (1994) Social network analysis: methods and applications. Cambridge university Press, Cambridge 11. Wasserman S, Galaskiewicz JC (1994) Advances in social network analysis:
research in the social and behavioral sciences. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, Calif 12. Pang B, Lee LC-1454712 (2008) Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Found Trends Inf Retr 2: 1 135. doi:
Bodendorf F, Kaiser CC-1651448 (2009) Detecting opinion leaders and trends in online social networks. In:
Combine this with the cloud-based social networks like Facebook (over 1 billion users), Twitter (over 500 million) and a host of smaller firms and the use of portable,
and knowledge by using modern channels such as social networking, chatting and blogging websites. The ability to mobilize cross-disciplinary teams on the virtual space is essential for success. Moreover
Furthermore, he she also spends a few minutes browsing the latest news from friends on Facebook.
Additionally, throughout each day, he she can use Facebook on the laptop to communicate with friends
For example, by the beginning of 2011, the average user of Facebook website spent 1, 400 min,
Moreover, around the world, social media and new and smart mobile devices are becoming very important in personal relationships among people in a way that makes it challenging to make separation between the technology and personal social networks.
Also, on the work side, they consider that having the ability to access consumer social networks through their personal devices,
since after the success of customer directed services such as Facebook and Twitter, social networking platforms are finding their way into businesses'environments.
Such circumstances can be applied particularly to the case of young employees since this category of workers expects to have access to the same technologies at work that they are familiar with in their life as consumers.
For example, Microsoft's $1. 2bn acquisition of Yammer has positioned the software giant to introduce enterprise social networking capabilities to its existing business collaboration systems such as Sharepoint, Exchange, Lync and Office 365 17.
This acquisition by Microsoft is a clear example of the importance of social networking within work environments.
Yammer can enable companies to offer their employees functionalities that are similar to Facebook and Twitter and at the same time to work in accordance to the security standards of the enterprise firewall and can be integrated with other systems at the enterprise that are managed by a company's own IT department.
It is accepted well and regarded by the experts who follow the enterprise social networking market. The employees who use Yammer can set up user profiles,
send and receive‘‘tweets''like messages, participate in discussion forums and receive information about what their colleagues are doing.
Moreover, it is possible to add personal Facebook profiles to the system in addition to those that can be added from the corporate directory.
blogs and workflow management system to have done the work. Different Time (asynchronous) and Same Place (collocated
Examples of such systems include bulletin board, email, online forums or polls, 6. 4 Digital Collaboration Systems and Ideas 121 blogs, wiki pages, newsgroup, social networking
and Information technology 4. 6. 4. 5 Social Software and Collaborative Systems and Tools Nowadays, people are using social networking massively.
Users can share the documents on social networks. It supports geo-location data for photos uploaded onto the service.
or to let a limited number of members to start posts or new subjects, such as Weblogs.
Furthermore, the advent and the actual leadership consolidation of companies such as Facebook, Twitter, or Google, allow creating digital business as a platform exploiting the above infrastructure.
Apart from IT consumerization, other phenomena such as the diffusion and pervasivity of social networks and mobile services (discussed in Chaps. 3 and 4,
In recent years, the diffusion of social networks and 2. 0 applications have raised their relevance to companies aiming to carry out differentiation strategies, with a consequent effect, in particular,
it can be considered a kind of pioneer experience and a sort of‘‘template''to digital business identity in the current outer context of organizations, where social networks such as, e g.,
, Facebook, enable in an inedited way the self-exposure of 2. 0 empowered consumers. As for these issues, echoes of these arguments coming from an early 2. 0 experience can be found, e g.,
, in some of the recommendations resulting from a research by Malhotra et al. 30 on how to create brand engagement on Facebook.
Malhotra A, Kubowicz Malhotra C, See A (2013) How to create brand engagement on facebook.
Social networking software and argumentation systems are just two examples of the ongoing research in this important area of digital governance.
It is designed as a mix between the style and appearance of ios with the convenience of Facebook.
and allows to keep easy track of movements in a visualization similar to the timeline in Facebook.
Furthermore, it lets subscribers to link banking information with social networks allowing quicker transfers or direct use of Facebook wallet.
and request money to friends through Facebook messages, even if they don't have an Instabank account,
sending a Facebook message with a payment to a friend is an easy way to make a transfer.
other than Google or Facebook, does. The simple idea behind Macrosense and the other related services developed by Sense networks is that actual behavior is a very good predictor of future behavior.
Furthermore, we have analyzed the challenges to digital business innovation by the diffusion and convergence of mobile services, sensors technologies, and social networks.
digital services, social networks, sensors, and IT Consumerization, likewise. Besides the benefits, collaboration contributed to‘‘open''work practices,
Social influence, 51,54 Social listening, 67,68, 72,78, 80,85 Social media, 5 Social network analysis, 69 Social software, 123 Software as service (Saas), 24
Former winners and finalists include the founders of Chobani, Gopro and Linkedin. In 2013, the 51 Entrepreneur Of The Year country winners had combined annual revenues exceeding US$32B.
and the world did not include Amazon (founded in July 1994), Facebook, Google or Linkedin.
In recent times, companies like ebay, Kayak, Google or Facebook have changed the way we shop,
(1991), Jeff Bezos of Amazon com (1997), Sergey Brin and Larry page of Google (2003), Reid Hoffman and Jeff Weiner of Linkedin (2011) and Hamdi Ulukaya of Chobani (2012.
The recent effect of Facebook's IPO on both the local San francisco bay Area economy as well as tax revenues is a good example.
While a company like Facebook has changed clearly the way we communicate and share stories with each other (a customer benefit),
As an example, Facebook reported positive cash flow in 2009 for the first time, more than five years after the company was founded.
and economic opportunity interact with shifts such as cloud computing, social networking, the internet of things, synthetic biology, the makers movement and advanced manufacturing.
Blog on Innovationmanagement. se. 16. Stam, E. et al. 2012), Ambitious Entrepreneurship A Review of the academic literature and new directions for public policy, Report for the Advisory Council for Science and Technology Policy (AWT) and the Flemish Council for Science
Big data can take the form of structured data such as financial transactions or unstructured data such as photographs or blog posts.
Big data can take the form of structured data such as financial transactions or unstructured data such as photographs or blog posts.
and the use of social networks. 2014 World Economic Forum The Global Information technology Report 2014 7 1. 1:
and social networks are popular. However, the low usage of the Internet (112th) and the scarce availability of personal computers (103rd) and home Internet connections (117th) still reflect gaps in the fulfilment of Indonesia's ICT agenda.
yet it shows significant improvement with a good penetration of mobile phones (38th) and usage of virtual social networks (49th), comparable to those of advanced economies.
Use of virtual social networks*7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*7. 02 Capacity for innovation*7. 03 PCT patent applications per million population 7. 04
Blog Post, November 3. Available at http://ana. blogs. com/maestros/2006/11/data is the new. html. Taft, J.,with P. De Martini and L. von Prellwitz. 2012.
Utility Data Management and Intelligence. Cisco. http://www. cisco. com/web/strategy/docs/energy/managing utility data intelligence. pdf. Top500. org. 2013.
For example, in 2012 Facebook reported that it was processing around 2. 5 billion new pieces of content daily. 2 Big data has the potential to infuse executive decisions with an unprecedented level of data-driven insights.
A data-driven business model has been integral to companies such as Google, Facebook, and Twitter, which have burst on to the scene in recent years
and are introducing new technologies to capture the digital advertising market. Such companies actually started operations at the final stage.
How Big Is Facebook's Data? 2. 5 Billion Pieces of Content and 500+Terabytes Ingested Every day.
Available at http://techcrunch. com/2012/08/22/how-big-is-facebooks-data-2-5-billion-pieces-ofcontent
Available at http://bits. blogs. nytimes. com/2012/03/07/idcsizes-up-the-big data-market/?/r=0. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Managing the Facebook Effect, where people willingly share ever-increasing amounts of personal information, is a challenge for individuals
This could happen, for instance, by combining someone's Facebook status with the location where he
Governments and other organizations need to balance the Facebook Effect, which entails the deliberate sharing of more and more personal information, with the requirements of security and
Similarly, the vast amount of personal data on Facebook have a relatively low per-person value because the company,
(which are at present mostly outside the user's control) are more valuable than Facebook's volunteered personal data
Facebook users, for example, provide it with data that have the potential to generate immense long-term value for the company;
Facebook and Google are two recent cases in point. 5 Minimum standard setting. In Asia, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC, a forum of 21 Asia-Pacific economies) has developed a selfregulatory framework setting out the principles that economies should implement
Every day, the world adds petabytes of information into social networks and other Internet platforms. Talking about this phenomenon as big data,
New york Genome Center Blog, November 13. Available at http://nygenome. org/blog/haussler-says-cancer-genomics-needs-techgeeks.
Cacciola, S. and R. Gibbons. 2012. Coase Meets the Cloud: How and When Can Outsourcing IT Improve Organizational Performance?
Available at http://www. economist. com/blogs/gulliver/2013/01/tracking-flu-0. Esty, D c. and R. Rushing. 2007.
Available at http://blog. okfn. org/2013/09/03/how-can-open-data-lead-to-better-data-quality/.
71.18.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*110.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
71.18.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*110.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
140.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*104.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
120.1.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*123.4.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
69.20.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*45.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
55.29.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*67.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
7...96.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*10.6.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
23.56.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*21.6.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
46.34.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*38.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
8...91.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*12.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
127.0.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*138.4.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
44.36.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*25.6.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
51.33.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*28.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
129.0.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*125.4.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
115.2.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*106.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
98.6.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*145.3.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
83.12.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*44.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
14.74.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*88.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
49.33.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*37.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
94.7.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*19.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
34.48.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*79.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
139.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*142.4.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
138.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*148.3.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
97.6.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*108.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
137.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*121.4.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
39.42.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*13.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
66.23.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*97.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
140.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*146.3.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
58.28.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*26.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
76.16.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*126.4.7 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
103.5.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*80.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
70.20.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*36.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
140.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*78.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
24.53.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*71.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
47.34.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*41.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
29.52.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*43.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
6...97.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*46.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
78.15.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*51.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
68.21.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*103.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
59.27.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*50.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
100.5.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*111.5.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
13.76.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*8...6. 4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
107.4.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*144.3.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
3...106.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*6...6. 4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
31.51.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*54.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
140.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*133.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
121.1.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*101.5.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
91.8.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*66.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
40.40.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*56.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
48.33.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*99.5.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
35.45.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*90.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
106.4.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*74.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
140.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*143.4.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
133.0.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*60.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
140.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*119.4.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
90.8.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*98.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
11.83.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*16.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
64.24.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*76.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
16.70.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*1...6. 7 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
104.5.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*91.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
54.31.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*48.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
122.1.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*147.3.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
18.65.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*29.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
26.53.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*32.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
28.52.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*65.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
119.1.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*53.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
2...115.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*68.5.7 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
85.11.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*39.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
38.42.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*96.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
116.2.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*81.5.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
4...105.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*57.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
n/a n/a 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*35.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
134.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*117.4.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
117.2.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*118.4.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
22.58.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*55.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
56.28.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*70.5.7 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
95.7.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*137.4.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
135.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*127.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
n/a n/a 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*115.5.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
73.18.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*20.6.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
12.80.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*30.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
63.25.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*23.6.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
130.0.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*102.5.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
112.3.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*129.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
82.13.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*42.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
124.0.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*130.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
45.35.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*7...6. 4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
110.3.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*124.4.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
67.22.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*69.5.7 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
87.9.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*86.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
102.5.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*82.5.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
75.18.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*75.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
60.27.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*31.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
86.10.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*87.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
86.10.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*87.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
118.1.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*139.4.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
136.0.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*132.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
50.33.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*85.5.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
65.23.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*134.4.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
21.61.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*4...6. 6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
17.65.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*18.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
123.1.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*131.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
74.18.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*72.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
10.84.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*3...6. 6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
32.50.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*95.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
125.0.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*116.5.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
80.14.3 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*27.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
99.6.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*92.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
114.2.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*100.5.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
108.3.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*22.6.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
19.63.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*109.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
52.32.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*52.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
81.13.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*15.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
20.61.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*17.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
61.27.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*84.5.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
27.52.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*89.5.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
113.3.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*120.4.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
36.45.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*33.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
111.3.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*73.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
30.52.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*112.5.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
89.8.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*94.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
n/a n/a 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*135.4.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
1...126.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*14.6.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
41.39.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*58.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
43.37.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*64.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
62.25.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*83.5.5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
25.53.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*47.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
93.7.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*114.5.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
79.15.0 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*107.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
84.11.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*122.4.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
5...104.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*5...6. 5 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
42.39.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*24.6.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
33.49.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*34.6.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
109.3.7 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*136.4.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
132.0.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*49.5.9 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
128.0.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*140.4.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
92.8.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*63.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
88.8.9 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*40.6.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
77.16.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*61.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
96.7.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*141.4.2 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
101.5.4 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*93.5.3 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
37.44.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*11.6.4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
15.72.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*2...6. 6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
9...88.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*9...6. 4 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
53.32.5 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*62.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
105.4.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*59.5.8 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
72.18.8 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*105.5.1 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
131.0.2 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*128.4.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
126.0.6 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*77.5.6 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
57.28.1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*113.5.0 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
297 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*..*298 7th pillar: Business usage...299 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*..
3. 1 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*In your country, how widely used are virtual social networks (e g.,
, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin? 1=not used at all; 7=widely used 2012 2013 weighted average SOURCE:
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database 2013 (December 2013 edition) 6. 07 Use of virtual social networks*In your country
, how widely used are virtual social networks (e g.,, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin? 1=not used at all; 7=widely used 2012 2013 weighted average Source:
World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey, 2012 and 2013 editions 7th pillar: Business usage 7. 01 Firm-level technology absorption*In your country, to what extent do businesses adopt new technology?
and use of social networking. For more information about the methodology, consult www2. unpan. org/egovkb/datacenter/Countryview. aspx.
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