14 4. 9 RFID and Bar-coding...15 4. 10 Business intelligence...15 5. Examples of Best Practice...
ICT's Role in Healthcare Transformation Report of the Health ICT Industry Group Page 15 4. 9 RFID and Bar-coding Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that allows traceable chips
called RFID tags, carrying a set of predetermined information to be embedded in objects. RFID readers can pick up radio signals
which provide particular information related to the carrier such as identification number, name, and medication requirements. These technologies can be used in a number of ways in a medical setting.
For example, Patients can be provided with identification wristbands carrying an RFID tag or a barcode that will be used throughout the patient's stay in hospital.
Bar-coding/RFID can also be used for inventory management and equipment tracking which allows for improved utilisation of expensive diagnostic equipment by providing real-time location information.
Reducing inpatient Mistaken Identity Medication Errors through RFID and Barcoding for Medication Administration Over 200 inpatient mistaken identity errors could be avoided in the UK and another 200 in The netherlands every year through the use
of RFID and Barcoding for medication administration in hospitals. Further assumed benefits of the technology could also impact patient Safety
high-speed wireless communications network for over 97%of the region's rural private physician's offices through a CAD 1. 2 million (USD 1. 14 million) grant from the federal Primary Health care
6. 57 million Wireless Subscribers added in May 2007, Telecom Regulatory authority of India, Press release no. 61/2007.
and Wireless Broadband good practices E-government Young SMES http://www. youngsmes. e u/about/Sharing Interregional knowledge to define Supporting Programmes for Young SMES Development strategies
and transfer of E-government and Wireless Broadband good practices. It identified GPS specifically addressing the inclusion of online services and management In public Administrations,
For the‘Wireless Broadband'part of the project, it dealt with GPS to be implemented by local governments
electric bikes for better intermodality, library, public Wi-fi, dedicated space for mobile retailers. EBSF can become the core of the transport network for seamless mobility of urban citizens.
onboard equipment, heterogeneous wireless communication infrastructure and CALM (platform for vehicleto-vehicle and road-to-vehicle communication) implementation in on-board and on-cargo units.
and tracing using state-of-the-art technologies such as radio frequency identification and EGNOS-or Galileo-based location devices e-Freight>A c T I O N 2. 2>AC T ION
mobile network operators and EU Member States and to facilitate the deployment of a Europe-wide ecall service.>
recommendations on mobile communications (implementation of ecall flag in mobile networks; specifications for PSAPS, under the ITS Directive;
Various forms of wireless communication for both short-range and long-range data exchange (UHF, VHF, Wimax, GSM, etc.;
Sensing technology employing sensors to feed control systems with both vehicle-based data (from devices such as radar, RFID readers, infrared-and visible-band cameras) and infrastructure-based data
Whereas existing wireless communications technologies use different systems to tackle specific requirements, the new cooperative systems will provide a single, universal solution to many problems.
systems PRT Personal rapid transit RFID Radio frequency identification device RIS River information system RTTI Real-time traffic information SESAR Single European
Weigh in motion WIMAX Worldwide interoperability for microwave access WLAN Wireless local area network Glossary I N t E L L I G E N t t R A n s P
such as 4G LTE mobile broadband networks. The European union has been hampered by regulatory mandates that specified the technologies that carriers could use in their allotted spectrum,
and LTE was allowed not initially by these mandates; a similar problem occurred with the European 3g rollout.
In contrast, the process of allocating new spectrum for LTE and modifying regulations to permit LTE use on previous allocations is still underway in Europe.
As a result, consumers and businesses in Europe can rely on a less robust mobile communications infrastructure.
as well as in a host of technology industry areas such as high-speed broadband telecommunications, smart cards, radio frequency identification devices (RFID), geographic information systems, mobile commerce,
2 Wireless 389 16.30 2 Software 833 28.13 3 Industrial 348 14.59 3 Components 530 17.90 4 Consumer 272 11.40
The Que's pricing was just too high at $649 for Wifi-only-against the ipad at $499 for Wifi only,
and other similar applications. 59 An independent open-innovation R&d centre developing generic technologies for Wireless Autonomous Transducer Solutions and for Systems-in-Foil. 82 Novaled
activities, 612-Wireless telecommunications activities, 613-Satellite telecommunications activities, 619-Other telecommunications activities, 6201-Computer programming activities, 6202-Computer consultancy activities
Predicted LTE coverage in 2020 39 Figure 12: Broadband adoption (lines) by technology and Member State 40 Figure 13:
Typical maximum achievable speeds for various wireless solutions 33 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The goals of the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE),
including not only fibre but also cable and fixed and mobile wireless. Cable can and does serve (1) as an alternative to making FTTX upgrades,
but wireless might play a greater role in low-to-medium density areas than many have assumed.
and potentially in the longer term from a reallocation of frequencies on the Cable wireless systems benefit from deployment of LTE,
and eventually from the deployment of LTE-Advanced. The relative cost of achieving each of the DAE objectives with each of these technologies can vary greatly.
For wireless broadband, the footprint of LTE and LTE-Advanced can be expected to be at least as broad in 2020 as that of 2g and 3g networks today.
and that the evolution of both (and, for that matter, also the evolution of the mobile network) is to a significant degree fibre-based.
LTE was more expensive than fixed solutions where population density exceeded 3, 000 inhabitants per square kilometre (Km2.
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Population density FTTH-GPON FTTC-VDSL DOCSIS 6/12/30 Mbps LTE
drawing on cable and LTE, could provide real benefits. Cable can and does serve as (1) an alternative to making FTTX upgrades,
. Dutch telecommunications company 10 Rethinking the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE) LTE/LTEADVANCED Long-term-Evolution,
the newest standards for wireless communication of high-speed data Mbps Mega bit per second (one million bits per second) MDF Main distribution frame MDU Multiple Dwelling Unit
and watch video content over a network Wimax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WTP Willingness to Pay 4g Fourth-generation mobile communication standard 11.1 INTRODUCTION Key
but wireless might play a greater role in low-to-medium density areas than many have assumed.
but wireless might play a greater role in low-to-medium density areas than many have assumed.
and potentially in the longer term from a reallocation of frequencies on the cable (see Chapter 5). Wireless systems benefit from deployment of LTE,
and eventually from the deployment of LTE-Advanced. The relative cost of achieving each of the DAE objectives with each of these technologies can vary greatly (see Chapter 6). Those costs depend to a significant degree on the coverage footprint of the technology.
For wireless broadband, the footprint of LTE and LTE-Advanced can be expected to be at least as broad in 2020 as that of 2g and 3g networks today.
however, share this capacity. 40 We discuss cable capabilities at length in Section 5. 4. 1. 3 Wireless solutions Wire less solutions based on Orthogonal Frequency Domain Multiplexed (OFDM) technologies such as LTE
or Wimax are becoming progressively more capable over time, but they are ignored sometimes in discussions of the DAE
The migration to LTE, and then to LTE Advanced, represents a substantial increase in the nominal speed of wireless data transmission,
and also in efficiency in terms of bits per Hertz. Typical realistically achievable speeds are less than those that are theoretically achievable
Typical maximum achievable speeds for various wireless solutions Mobile technology Range of typically achievable maximum downstream bandwidth (Mbit/s) HSPA 2-5 HSPA
+5-25 LTE 10-100 Source: TNO/WIK. 43 As we explain in Section 4. 2. 4,
and by 2020 (the target date for the second and third DAE objectives) it can confidently be expected that substantially all wireless infrastructure in Europe will have been upgraded to either LTE or LTE Advanced. 42 RSPG, RSPG Report on Improving Broadband Coverage
The coverage of LTE or LTE Advanced wireless in Europe can be expected to be at least as great as that of 2g
or hard to reach locations can be served using LTE or LTE Advanced; however, there will predictably be locations that cannot even be served cost-effectively by LTE.
Figure 11: Predicted LTE coverage in 2020 Source: Yardley et al. 2012b). ) 49 Nomadicity is the ability to use the service at different locations at different times,
but not the ability to use it while in motion. 50 See Yardley, M. et al.
and FTTB P2p DSL. 55 Neither cable television infrastructure nor wireless was considered. The national territory was segmented then into twenty different areas (geotypes) based on population density.
and that the evolution of both (and, for that matter, also the evolution of the mobile network) is to a significant degree fibre-based.
and that the evolution of both (and, for that matter, also the evolution of the mobile network) is to a significant degree fibre-based.
LTE was more expensive than fixed solutions where population density exceeded 3 000 inhabitants per square kilometre (Km2.
and using wireless (LTE at 2. 6 GHZ). Population density plays a huge role in these costs.
They found that LTE was more expensive than fixed solutions where population density exceeded 3, 000 inhabitants per square kilometre (Km2.
VIII IX X Population density FTTH-GPON FTTC-VDSL DOCSIS 6/12/30 Mbps LTE-2. 6 GHZ EUR 61.
LTE costs are highly sensitive to overall bandwidth requirements and thus even more sensitive than fixed network costs to the number and density of users in type of geographic area (geotype.
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X Population density FTTH-GPON FTTC-VDSL DOCSIS 6/12/30 Mbps LTE
For example, the Advanced scenario could be met with ADSL2, LTE, VDSL2, Eurodocsis 3. 0, FTTB, and FTTH,
Feijoo/Gomez-Barroso also found that completing the network with LTE would cost €10. 5 billion;
however, the more realistic design would use LTE only in low density areas (below 50 inh/Km2.
which cable (and to some degree wireless) was overlooked historically in the DAE from a planning perspective is striking,
wireless helps deliver them. Already, wireless solutions are essential for getting basic broadband to those in rural areas where wired is not an option.
upgraded Cable, Fibre-to-the-Cabinet and LTE. 81 In a more recent major policy statement,
but also mobile broadband technologies such as LTE. 85 They go on to provide concrete examples of their intent to threaten the core business of cable operators,
Dabei setzten wir auf den richtigen Technologie-Mix aus (V) DSL und Glasfaser, aber auch mobilen Breitbandtechnologien wie LTE. 86
and other wireless devices. mhealth applications include the use of mobile devices in collecting community and clinical health data,
software, data-capture devices, wireless communication devices, and local and wide area networks that move information, and the people that are required to design, implement,
and have one of the greatest development potentials in view of the widespread use and availability of mobile networks and services.
7 1. 6 Rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network, 2009-2012.8 1. 7 Fibre and microwave routes,
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, top five IDI countries, 2013.46 2. 2 Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, top five IDI countries, 2010
-2013.47 2. 3 Wireless-broadband penetration, Bhutan, 2008-2013.50 2. 4 Proportion of households with a computer and proportion of households with Internet access, 2012-2013, Qatar...
87 3. 4 IDI values compared with the global, regional and developing/developed-country averages, Arab States, 2013.89 x 3. 5 Wireless-broadband subscriptions
2012 and 2013.91 3. 6 IDI values compared with the global, regional and developing/developed-country averages, Asia and the Pacific, 2013.92 3. 7 Wireless-broadband penetration
187 5. 5 How mobile network data can track population displacements an example from the 2010 Haiti earthquake...
188 5. 6 Leveraging mobile network data for transportation and urban planning in Sri lanka...189 5. 7 Poverty mapping in Côte d'ivoire using mobile network data...
190 5. 8 Using mobile-phone data to track the creditworthiness of the unbanked...191 5. 9 Using mobile big data
and mobile networks for implementing surveys...193 List of tables 1. 1 Rural population covered by a mobile-cellular signal, 2012.4 1. 2 Total Internet domain registrations by world region, 2003,2008
whereby urban citizens enjoy ubiquitous mobile network coverage, affordable high-speed Internet services and the higher levels of skills required to make effective use of online content and services,
In Saudi arabia, 30 per cent of all wireless-broadband subscriptions are fixedwireless and satellite subscriptions.
data based on ITU and Telecom Advisory Services calculations. more and more countries upgrade their mobile networks. As mentioned earlier, 2g population coverage stands at over 90 per cent worldwide.
Rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network, 2009-2012 Source: Partnership (2014) based on ITU data.
Percentage of rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network 2012 or 2011 Percentage of rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network 2010 Percentage of rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network 2009 0000000000001 5 11 31 32 32343638 41
42 42 46 50 50 50 55 555860616365 68 69 69 77 77 7778818486 87 88 8889 90 9092 93
://www. censusindia. gov. in/2011census/hlo/Data sheet/India/Communication. pdf. 4 4g refers to fourth-generation mobile network or service.
such as long-term evolution (LTE) networks (ITU Trends 2014). 5 Data collection on Europe and North america will follow in 2014.6 For a list of IXPS,
7. Fixed (wired)- broadband subscriptions per 100 inhab. itants 8. Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 100 60 100 33 33 33
At 107 per cent, it has one of the highest wireless-broadband penetration rates in the world,
In both indicators although Sweden has a slightly higher wireless-broadband penetration Denmark surpasses the other top five IDI countries (see Chart 2. 1). In terms of LTE population coverage
Sweden Iceland United kingdom Korea (Rep.)Denmark Per 100 inhabitants Wireless-broadband subscriptions Fixed (wired)- broadband subscriptions 47 Measuring the Information Society Report 2014
Fixedbroadband and wireless-broadband penetration stand at top levels at 38 per cent and 105 per cent, respectively (see Chart 2. 1). The Republic of korea was the first country to offer 3g services
and LTE was offered first in 2011. Two years after commercializing the first LTE network, leading operator SK TELECOM reported that it passed the 10 million LTE subscriber mark in April 2013;
this represents 37 per cent of its total mobile subscriber base. Full coverage having being achieved (by April 2012,
LTE was available nationwide), the wirelessbroadband market is showing signs of saturation, with little growth over the past years.
From 2012 to 2013, there was only a minimal increase in penetration, from 105.1 per cent in 2012 to 105.3 in 2013 (see Chart 2. 2). The focus of operators
In July 2013, SK TELECOM launched the world`s first LTE-Advanced Network with speeds of up to 150 Mbit/s. In 2014, the Vice-president of the European commission for the Digital Agenda and the Republic of korea's Minister of Science, ICT and Future Planning signed an agreement to work towards a global definition of 5g
The growth in wireless-broadband subscriptions is having a major impact on ICT markets and European top performers have been at the forefront of this trend.
Norway has a wireless-broadband penetration of 89 per cent, followed by the United kingdom (87 per cent), Luxembourg (80.5 per cent), Iceland (75 per cent) and The netherlands (62 per cent).
By early 2013, virtually all (96 per cent) of EU citizens were covered by a 3g signal and 26 per cent of the population was covered by an LTE network. 12 Denmark,
Sweden and Finland are the countries with the highest LTE coverage in the European region (European commission, 2014a).
High increases in wireless-broadband subscriptions can be seen in countries that were late adopters of 3g technology.
Other most dynamic countries have seen a significant increase in the number of wireless-broadband subscriptions from 2012 to 2013 due to a rise in competition (i e. the awarding of further licences),
Increases in the use sub-index are driven mostly by the impressive growth in the number of wireless-broadband subscriptions.
and expand the operator's mobile network. 24 Furthermore, Bhutan Telecom launched its high-speed 4g services in Thimphu Chart 2. 3:
which in turn has led to higher adoption rates. 25 Apart from those major improvements in access to wireless-broadband services,
Bolivia has seen an important increase in wireless-broadband penetration, from 7 per cent in 2012 to 14 per cent in 2013.
At the same time, both wireless-and fixedbroadband penetration went up significantly. Wireless-broadband penetration almost doubled, to 17 per cent,
.)Denmark Per 100 inhabitants Wireless-broadband subscriptions Fixed (wired)- broadband subscriptions 2. 4: Proportion of households with a computer and proportion of households with Internet access, 2012-2013, Qatar ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. 91.5 88.1 97.2 96.4 0
more than 7 million new mobile-cellular subscriptions and close to 28 million new wireless-broadband subscriptions were added within one year.
Penetration rates stand at 138 per cent for mobile-cellular and 52 per cent for wireless-broadband services by end 2013.
the availability and uptake of wireless-broadband and fixedbroadband services in particular is limited still relatively. On average
The increased availability of wireless broadband could help bring more people online in LCCS. Today, in the majority of LCCS, few people use the Internet:
or wireless) is extremely low for rural households in developing countries, while rural households in developed countries enjoy comparable access to their urban counterparts,
which also includes terrestrial (fixed) wireless and satellite broadband subscriptions. 21 http://www. itnewsafrica. com/2013/05/airtel-launches-first-3-75-g-service-in-burkina-faso
at 43 per cent (after Botswana with 74 per cent) following an expansion of network coverage throughout the archipelago. 3 Large-scale infrastructure rollout also helped to increase uptake of wireless broadband in Nigeria4 (from 5 per cent in 2012
and Vodacom reported that on average users were generating 75 per cent more data traffic per device than a year ago. 5 Wireless broadband is of particular importance in the region
This further highlights the importance of mobile networks in the region. The Arab States region and in particular the GCC countries are well-connected to submarine Internet cables.
Omantel provides discounted broadband Internet offers for eligible customers. 8 Wireless-broadband penetration levels vary considerably across the region.
and upgrading their mobilebroadband networks in Qatar LTE is available throughout the entire country9 Algeria
Both countries feature among the most dynamic of the IDI 2013, mostly because of the considerable, above-average increases in wireless-broadband penetration.
All of these with the exception of the Islamic Republic of Iran are LCCS that could greatly benefit from the extension of wireless broadband to connect more people with ICTS.
By end 2013, half of CIS countries had reached a wireless-broadband penetration of more than 45 per cent.
LTE services were launched in the Russian Federation in 2012.22 The highest growth in wirelessbroadband penetration from 2012 to 2013 took place in Georgia from 9 per cent in 2012 to 17 per cent in 2013 placing it among the most dynamic
The slow growth in wireless-broadband penetration in Ukraine explains why the country is falling back in international comparison.
Growth in wireless-broadband penetration continued at double-digit rates from 2012 to 2013 in the majority of European countries.
and started to offer LTE services to customers. The top five countries in the world in terms of fixed-broadband penetration (Monaco, Switzerland, Denmark, Netherlands and France) are all European.
Furthermore, a number of countries awarded LTE licences or further extended 3g coverage in 2013, spurring growth in the mobile sector.
It was an early adopter of LTE technology, and coverage was extended massively throughout the country in 2013.
The operator Verizon had achieved 97 per cent LTE population coverage, and the majority of all data traffic is carried by the LTE network. 27 Very high increases were reported by Brazil,
where 40 million new wireless-broadband subscriptions were added within a year, resulting in a penetration of 52 per cent by end 2013.
LTE services were launched first in the country in early 2013.28 Antigua and barbuda (from 23 per cent to 49 per cent),
Colombia from 15 per cent to 25 per cent) and Saint lucia (from 19 per cent to 33 per cent) also show very good progress in terms of wirelessbroadband penetration from 2012 to 2013.
While the majority of countries in The americas region are making remarkable progress in extending their wireless-broadband networks,
Grenada and St vincent and the Grenadines, have significantly higher fixedbroadband than wireless-broadband penetration rates.
/26 Data reported by the country refer to 2012.27 http://www. verizonwireless. com/wcms/consumer/4g lte. html
-lte-services-brazil/./Endnotes 107 Measuring the Information Society Report 2014 Chapter 4. ICT prices
The coverage gaps in the fixed-telephone network have been filled by the mobile-cellular network, which covers 93 per cent of the global population.
the bulk of national voice traffic corresponds to calls made from mobile networks, thus confirming the shift from fixed to mobile voice.
Despite the growth of mobile-broadband subscriptions, less than 3 per cent of global IP traffic corresponded to mobile networks by end 2013 according to CISCO estimates (CISCO, 2013.
fixed broadband remains the de facto option for accessing high-volume Internet applications such as file sharing (less than 1 per cent of total filesharing traffic was transmitted through mobile networks in 2013)
and Internet video (2 per cent of total Internet video traffic was transmitted through mobile networks in 2013).
part of the digital dividend) and mobile-broadband networks are upgraded to advanced technologies (such as LTE-Advanced
In addition, the deployment of mobile networks tends to be less capital-intensive than the deployment of fixed-broadband networks,
the entry of Bharti Airtel as the fifth mobile network operator in the market led to an aggressive price war.
LTE-Advanced and Wirelessman-Advanced. For more details on these standards, see http://www. itu. int/net/pressoffice/press releases/2012/02. aspx. 14 Cuba is excluded from the world and developing averages of fixed-broadband prices,
Mobile network big data have been utilized to great effect in the area of transportation, helping to measure and model people's movements (even in real time) and understand traffic flows (Wu et al.,
Not surprisingly, the big data for development initiatives (outlined in Section 2. 2) have drawn mainly on mobile network big data rather than on those from fixed-telephone operators or ISPS.
Figure 5. 2 illustrates some of the similarities and differences in the type of information that mobile network operators,
in particular in terms of the location and mobility information that mobile networks and services generate. Telecommunication data The mobile telecommunication data that operators possess can be classified into different types,
and duration of services used and the technology used, for example, for the mobile network (2g, 3g, etc.).
Mobile networks capture a range of movement and location variables to identify user location and movement patterns.
and model and type of technology (2g, 3g, LTE) employed. Mobile network operators can use the IMEI number to identify the specific mobile handset being used by a subscriber,
which in turn can provide some insight as to that Chapter 5. The role of big data for ICT monitoring and for development 182figure 5. 2:
2011, see Box 5. 5). The integration of mobility data from mobile networks with geographic information frameworks,
This highlights the need to ensure that the response plan implemented after any disaster includes ensuring that any damaged mobile network infrastructure is repaired as rapidly as possible.
One advantage of mobile networks is that even the least developed mobile network infrastructure generates passive positioning data,
How mobile network data can track population displacements an example from the 2010 Haiti earthquake The Figure below shows the number of people estimated to have been in Port-au-prince (Pap) on the day of the 2010 Haiti earthquake,
This map was produced on the basis of mobile network data to show the potential of big data in tracking population movements.
Leveraging mobile network data for transportation and urban planning in Sri lanka Very similar findings between the results of an official household survey assessing mobility patterns (right-hand map) with the results of a big data analysis using mobile-phone
Mobile network data are less expensive, are in real time and are less time-consuming to produce than survey data,
It should also be noted that mobile network big data are one of the few big data sources (and often the only one) in developing economies that contain behavioural information on low-income population groups Frias-Martinez et al.
2012) developed a mathematical model to map human mobility variables derived from mobile network data to people's socioeconomic and income levels.
the study suggested that it was possible to create a model to estimate income levels based on data from mobile network operators.
used two types of mobile network data, namely subscriber communication data and airtime credit purchase records,
Poverty mapping in Côte d'ivoire using mobile network data In Côte d'ivoire, researchers used mobile network data (specifically communication patterns,
2009) show that it is possible to assess friendship using data from mobile network operators, and that the accuracy is compared high
Against this background, mobile networks and mobile big data could be used to identify alternative, less costly and faster ways of carrying out representative surveys (Box 5. 9). Given the shortcomings of existing administrative data from operators and survey data collected by NSOS,
and mobile networks for implementing surveys An important measurement for assessing the development of the information society is the extent to
LTE-Advanced, etc. but also on the types of service that subscribers are using, and the frequency and intensity of that use.
Researchers (mainly from developed countries, with some exceptions such as LIRNEASIA) have succeeded recently in obtaining mobile network big data,
mobile network operators monitor and forecast their revenue at the cell-tower level. Emerging research in Africa shows how reductions in revenues,
For example, the fact that some mobile network operators choose to include the complete routing of a call that has been forwarded means that there may be multiple records in the CDRS for the same call.
While the potential benefits to be gained from leveraging mobile network operator data for monitoring and development purposes hinges on the large coverage, close to the actual population size,
Where data from mobile network operators are used for syndromic surveillance, as in the case of malaria in Kenya (Wesolowski et al.,
a dimensionless metric used by mobile network operators to understand the offered and utilized network load. 41 Erlang data are used to understand the load on a base station at any given time.
and for development 208 Location and movement data Mobile networks can, depending on their sophistication, capture a range of movement and location variables,
Active positioning data (which is of relevance only to mobile networks) is location and movement data that is captured in response to a specially initiated network query to locate a handset using either network or handset-based positioning methods.
mobile networks have much richer and dynamic location data. CDRS, SMS detail records and Internet access records are the main sources of passive positioning data for mobile operators
parts of it can reveal information on the handset make and model, type of technology (e g. 2g, 3g, LTE),
Mobile network operators can use the IMEI number to identify the specific mobile handset being used by a subscriber
Lokanathan, S.,Silva, N. de, Kreindler, G.,Miyauchi, Y. and Dhananjaya, D. 2014), Using mobile network big data for informing transportation and urban planning in Colombo.
Using Cellular network Data. Data for Development: Net Mobi 2013. Xia, J. 2011), The third-generation-mobile (3g) policy and deployment in China:
and includes subscriptions through fixed-wireless, DSL, cable, fibre-optic and other fixed-broadband platforms that provide fixed telephony using IP. 2. Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions refers to the number of subscriptions
Access can be fixed via a or mobile network. Household with Internet access means that the Internet is available for use by all members of the household at any time.
Access can be fixed via a or mobile network. Data are obtained by countries through national household surveys
Subscriptions with access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks are excluded. 3. Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants Wireless-broadband subscriptions refers to the sum of satellite broadband, terrestrial fixed
wireless broadband and active mobile-broadband subscriptions to the public Internet. Satellite broadband subscriptions refers to the number of satellite Internet subscriptions with an advertised download speed of at least 256 kbit/s. It refers to the retail subscription technology and not the backbone technology.
Terrestrial fixed wireless broadband subscriptions refers to the number of terrestrial fixed Wireless internet subscriptions with an advertised download speed of at least 256 kbit/s. This includes fixed Wimax and fixed wireless subscriptions
but excludes occasional users at hotspots and Wi-fi hotspot subscribers. It also excludes mobilebroadband subscriptions where users can access a service throughout the country wherever coverage is available.
Dedicated mobile-broadband data subscriptions refers to subscriptions to dedicated data services (over a mobile network) that allow access to the greater Internet
This indicator could also include mobile Wimax subscriptions. Annex 1. ICT Development Index (IDI) methodology 224 c) ICT skills indicators Data on adult literacy rates and gross secondary and tertiary enrolment
Internet use data of country A was estimated by using Internet use data of country B from the same region with similar level of GNI per capita and similar level of fixed Internet and wireless-broadband subscriptions.
while other indicators can have values exceeding 100, such as mobilecellular and wireless-broadband penetration or international Internet bandwidth (expressed as bit/s per user).
use 0. 40 Percentage of individuals using the Internet 0. 33 Fixed (wired)- broadband Internet subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 0. 33 Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100
100 92.7 ICT use f Percentage of individuals using the Internet 100 94.6 g Fixed (wired)- broadband Internet subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 60 40.2 h Wireless
Internet subscriptions per 100 inhabitants g/60 0. 33 0. 67 z8 Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants h/100 0. 33
*33 0. 22 y8 Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants z8*.*33 0. 33 ICT skills sub-index (N) y9+y10+y11 0. 20 0. 93 y9 Adult literary rate z9*.
Prices applying to Wifi or hotspots should be excluded. 2. Prices should be collected in national currency,
5 On-net refers to a call made to the same mobile network, while off-net and fixed-line refer to calls made to other (competing) mobile networks and to a fixed-telephone line, respectively. 6 In some cases,
it is not clear whether taxes are included or not and it was not possible to obtain this information from country contacts or operators;
Annex 3. Statistical tables of indicators used to compute de IDI 244 Percentage of individuals using the Internet Fixed (wired)- broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Society Report 2014 Percentage of individuals using the Internet Fixed (wired)- broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants Economy 2012 2013 2012
2012.18) Fixed Wireless Local Loop. 19) Including digital lines. Without ISDN channels. 20) Excl. ISDN channels and fixed wireless subscriptions. 21) Incl. inactive subscriptions. 22) Preliminary. 23) Refers to active Fixed Wired/Wireless lines. 24) POTS,
ISDN BRA & ISDN PRA. 25) Decrease due to cleaning out of inactive accounts. 26) Excluding fixed wireless. 27) Excl. internal lines and WLR of incumbent.
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2013 1) Incl. 420 000 WLL subscriptions. 2) Incl. payphone, excl.
ISDN channels and fixed wireless subscriptions. 16) Break in comparability. Only active subscriptions. Inactive subscriptions are:
45 609.17) February 2013 NTA MIS. 18) Based on 2013q3 data. 19) Refers to active Fixed Wired/Wireless lines. 20) Per June 2013.21) Operators'data
Definitive data (annual report) may change because quarterly reports use a smaller sample of operators than annual report. 24) Fixed and fixed-wireless subscriptions. 25) Excl. internal lines
16) Q3. 17) Excl. 3203 Wimax subscriptions. 18) Excl. corporate connections. 19) Data reflect subscriptions with associated transfer rates exceeding 200 kbps
Refers to March 2013.20) Excl. 3175 Wimax subscriptions. 21) Excl. corporate connections. 22) 2013 data is an estimate as of June 30, 2013.
Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, 2012: 1) Only fixed Wimax subscriptions. 2) Internet Activity Survey, June 3) Break in comparability:
USB modems and dongles, mobile broadband(>256kbps at least in one direction up to HSPA+),Wimax, Pre Wimax, SID and satellite. 6) Change in definition, break in comparability. 7
from this year incl. prepaid mobile-broadband subscriptions. 10) Incl. subscriptions to Wifi hotspots. 11) Methodology changed from ability to have mobile broadband to actual mobile broadband usage. 12) Satellite,
/Data refer to the sum of fixed wireless broadband and active mobilebroadband subscriptions. 16) Incl. mobile broadband
and Wimax. 17) Estimate. 18) ETL and LTC. 19) Incl. narrowband connections. 20) Drop in mobile-broadband subscriptions
Wimax subscriptions. Excl. satellite subscriptions. 27) Excl. satellite and fixed wireless. 28) Incl. mobile subscriptions with potential access.
Wireless-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2013: 1) Only fixed Wimax subscriptions. 2) Preliminary. 3) Internet Activity Survey, June 2013.4) Total number of EDGE/GPRS subscribers is 112
898.5) Incl. LTE subscriptions from ENTEL. 6) Change in definition, break in comparability. 7) 2012 figures.
Still auditing the 2013 figures. 8) Incl. WCDMA, LTE, dedicated mobile-broadband and fixed wireless. 9) CRC estimation as of 31.12.2013. speeds equal to or greater than 144 kbit/s/.10) Estimate. 11) Estimate.
Incl. subscriptions to Wifi hotspots. 12) Satellite, BWA and active mobile subscriptions. 13) Incl. VSAT. 14) Speeds greater than, or equal to
512 Kbps. 15) subscriptions with minimum download speed of 512 kbps. This is as per the revised definition of Broadband in India with effect from 18th july 2013.16) Data refer to the sum of fixed wireless
broadband and active mobile-broadband subscriptions. 17) 2013 data is an estimate as of June 30,
2013.18) Incl. mobile broadband and Wimax. 19) Estimate based on 1. Standard mobile subscriptions using data services 2. Dedicated data subscriptions 3. Add on data
Definitive data (annual report) may change because quarterly reports use a smaller sample of operators than annual report. 26) Wireless Broadband services are not being offered in St vincent as yet.
active mobile-broadband subscriptions plus 3175 Wimax. International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Development Bureau Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland
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