and control data in information systems and databases; it can also refer to an application of data dictionary systems.
and the uncertainty that may exist in their analysis (IBM, 2013). A fifth V value is included by some to acknowledge the potentially high socioeconomic value that may be generated by big data (Jones,
ITU, based on IBM (2012. a speed that are unprecedented. Google, for example, is running about a thousand experiments at any given point in time (Varian, 2013a.
Mcafee and Brynjolfsson, 2012. GFT worked by monitoring health-seeking behaviour expressed through online searches,
For example, IBM researchers used CDR data from mobile operator Orange to map out citizens'travel routes in Abidjan, the largest city in Côte d'ivoire,
and decision-analysis skills that are emphasized not in traditional statistical courses (Mcafee and Brynjolfsson, 2012).
IBM (2012), Analytics: The real-world use of big data. How innovative enterprises extract value from uncertain data.
http://public. dhe. ibm. com/common/ssi/ecm/en/gbe03519usen/GBE03519USEN. PDF. IBM (2013), The Four V's of Big data.
Mcafee, A. and Brynjolfsson, E. 2012), Big data: the management revolution. Harvard Business Review, 90 (10), 60 6, 68,128.
Andrew Mcafee, MIT Center for Digital Business; Mark Norman, Zipcar; William Ruh, General electric; Kimberly Stevenson, Intel;
George Westerman, MIT Center for Digital Business. Acknowledgments sloanreview. mit. edu Embracing Digita l Technology MIT SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW 1 Contents RESEARCH REPORT 2013 2/Executive Summary 3/Introduction
Intel Gets Urgent 10/Executing the Change M aking a Case for Digital Transformation Incentives 12/Conclusion Executive Summary Companies routinely invest in technology,
'said Andrew Mcafee. Unfortunately, that's not going to happen, so a critical skill at the top of a company is to have someone who can keep scan-At Intel,
there is no lack of a sense of urgency; the company knows mobile technology is upending its market.
Intel's culture has long been built around maintaining market dominance through intense internal competition, said Kim Stevenson, its chief information officer.
Now, Intel believes it needs a more collaborative culture to help it gain an edge in mobile processors.
Intel's top 25 executives gathered for a strategy discussion led by Stevenson and the head of human resources.
the need for cultural change in order for Intel to compete effectively in the emerging mobile market.
Among steps Intel took to improve communications were adding 220 video conferencing rooms, electronic white boarding,
Intel has also set up teams based on accounts not internal departments. Intel is taking small, concrete steps towards changing its culture, rather than massive, risky leaps.
The small-step strategy is one many companies could adopt when trying to transform. As one survey respondent said,
Intel gets urgent 10 MIT SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW Capgemini Consulting sloanreview. mit. edu R e s e a r c H r e p
said Stevenson, Intel's CIO. They've gone through ERP, they've gone through BYO,
Andrew Mcafee, principal researcher at the Center for Digital Business, told us in an interview that the vexing thing about innovation
while Apple, Amazon and Microsoft control the mobile market and cloud-based services platforms). Apple has started a market that was entirely new;
For example, even the European Smart Cities project risks being dominated by US companies such as IBM, Google and Ciscos, partly because of the lack of alternatives.
on 21 january 2010 the Commission agreed to the planned acquisition of Sun microsystems by Oracle. 213 The acquisition raised the issue of the competitive effect of open source software products.
Report to Microsoft Corporation and Intel Corporation, 2009, p. i, available at: http://download. intel. com/pressroom/pdf/cdsvsdownloadsrelease. pdf 312 Marcelo Velásquez, A comparative study of the environmental impact of the online and offline movie rental business
, 2009, available at: http://dalspace. library. dal. ca: 8080/bitstream/handle/10222/12737/MEC%20thesis%20marcelo%20v ELASQUEZ. pdf?
As technology investor Bill Joy of Sun microsystems explains, a fundamental premise of open innovation is not all the smart people work for you,
In IBM's recent CEO study, more than three quarters of the 765 CEOS queried cited collaboration
@tue. nl Cakir Yilmaz Basaksehir Living Lab y. cakir@superonline. com Curley Martin Intel. Labs Europe & National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Innovation Value Institute martin. g. curley@intel. com den Ouden Elke Eindhoven University of Technology
, Intelligent Lighting Institute E d. Ouden@tue. nl Erkinheimo Pia DIGILE Finnish Centre for Science and Innovation in the Internet Economy pia. erkinheimo@digile. fi
Examples vary from Microsoft to hardware and special hobby groups like the ones actually run by the brand itself, Suunto, a Finnish origin global manufacturer and marketer of sport watches,
-industry partnership include the IBM Open Collaboration Research Programme (OCR) 12, long-term grand challenge programmes (e g.
Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 20, No 6, pp. 653-666.12) http://www. research. ibm. com/university/collaborativeresearch/ocr. shtml (13
Large multinational enterprises such as Deutsche telekom AG, Deutsche Post AG, Otto Group, Bertelsmann AG, Axel Springer AG, Prosiebensat. 1, Microsoft and Google
However, the government cannot control data flows. Therefore, the golden middle needs to be found. A solution can be that the government creates open platforms where the data is publicly available
Or take Watson, IBM 6, a truly breakthrough innovation of a large company that was the first to create a triple helix for different data techniques.
-ralph-hamers-ceo-ing-ik-ben-nietgroter-dan-ing, March 2014.6) IBM Watson, http://www. ibm. com/smarterplanet/us/en/ibmwatson
Martin Curley, Vice president & Director, Intel Labs Europe, Intel. Corp. Foreword 5 Uptake Open Innovation 2. 0 in your projects The Open Innovation 2. 0 concept was endorsed at the Open Innovation 2. 0 conference in May
of Finance and Public Administration, Spain myriam. corral@minhap. es Curley Martin Intel Labs Europe & National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Innovation Value Institute
martin. g. curley@intel. com den Ouden Elke Eindhoven University of Technology, Intelligent Lighting Institute e d. ouden@tue. nl Golebiowska-Tataj
such as the Intel. Labs Joint Pathfinding process create mechanisms that are able to span the socalled valley of death that lies between research
Vice president & Director, Intel Labs Europe, Intel. Corporation Chair, Open Innovation Strategy and Policy Group martin. g. curley@intel. com Bror Salmelin, MSC Eng.
Adviser, Innovation Systems, EC Directorate General CONNECT Board member, Open Innovation Strategy and Policy Group bror. salmelin@ec. europa. eu 19 Open Innovation 2. 0 Fundamental Change in Innovation Processes*Abstract
Most of these technologies are using Intel's brand-spanking-new‘Edison'microchip, the company's smallest computer.
It boasts Intel's extremely low-power Quark processor Bluetooth, and Wi-fi connectivity to communicate with other devices.
often close to 90 percent, like with Microsoft. So where does this lead to the financial industry?
as well as IBM's Watson Research Centre, Stanford's Centre for Integrated Systems and similar R & D organisations.
It raised capital from outside investors such as Microsoft, which chipped in $42m. Rovio now has 500 employees in Finland
The CLC Iberia office is located within the UPC campus in Barcelona in the same building as the creativity departments of Intel and Gallina Blanca.
IBM, Nokia, Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Apple) show, the platform owner potentially gains substantial advantages in terms of value creation and market dominance.
had we been tasked with predicting the success of Wikipedia over Microsoft Encarta, the latter probably would have been considered the likelier of the two candidates to succeed,
as Microsoft is funded a well company with extensive resources and an established infrastructure. Yet reality shows the opposite:
One useful visualisation tool to illustrate this is one developed by IBM's Institute for Business Figure 3:
IBM graphic Source: IBM Institute for Business Value analysis, 2012 131 identify the practical application of the distinctive crowd asset classes that may have value for us.
Let us consider some of the generic opportunities that present themselves. As demonstrated in our examples,
Many large firms such as IBM, Procter & gamble or Eli lilly have adopted already successfully the open innovation approach.
These stories about applying open innovation in small firms successfully can barely be compared with the open innovation ventures of large manufacturing companies, such as Xerox, P&g, Philips, Lego, and IBM.
These stories about applying open innovation in small firms successfully can barely be compared with the open innovation ventures of large manufacturing companies, such as Xerox, P&g, Philips, Lego, and IBM.
In the IT hardware category, just four companies, from Finland (Nokia), Sweden (Ericcson), France (Alcatel) and Germany (Infineon Technologies) are recorded against six in the USA (Intel, HP, Cisco, Motorola, Texas instruments
while Microsoft, IBM and Oracle combined spent ten times that amount. In addition, there were 26 companies from the USA and three from Japan spending more than €100 million, against only six in Europe.
In the software sector there are 14 US companies and six from Europe (SAP, UBISOFT Entertainment, Dassault systemes, Sage,
IT and long-term scientific performance 522 Science and Public Policy August 2011 champions, such as Bull in France, Olivetti in Italy, Siemens nixdorf in Germany,
The case of Microsoft in operating systems is an obvious example. Not surprisingly, in mobile phone technology Europe gained a leadership position also because of a first mover advantage in defining the global system for mobile communications (GSM) standard.
Luckily, computer science and the computer industry have been the object of a massive historical literature, that has highlighted several key factors.
and marketing investment by large companies such as IBM (Flamm, 1988; Chandler, 1990; Langlois, 1992; Mowery, 1996;
University research played a key role in the growth of the US computer industry. Universities were important sites for applied,
Before that, IBM had developed the automatic sequencecontrolled calculator (ASCC), known as Mark I, which was still an electromechanical machine.
resulting from on a joint effort between IBM and the University of Harvard, which was established in 1939 (Moreau, 1984.
IBM hired Von neumann as a consultant in January 1952 and started a collaboration with his organization, the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton (Pugh, 1995.
Thus in the early days of the computer industry we witness many universities building their own machines, based on Von neumann or Turing architectures.
The role of universities greatly increased after a commercial move by IBM. In 1954 IBM delivered the 650
a machine that was installed mainly for business purposes in a thousand companies. Thomas Watson Jr decided that a university could benefit from a discount up to 60%on the price of the 650
While the single most important language, FORTRAN, was invented by John Backus at IBM in 1954 (Pugh, 1995),
In December 1968 IBM was forced by the US authorities to unbundle the commercialization of software from sales of hardware products, giving origin to a separate industry,
while after the emergence of a dedicated computer industry they were committed rather to fundamental research, education, scientific advice and consultancy.
Europe During WWII all large European countries had a promising start with the computer industry and built up foundations that could evolve into industrial competitiveness.
Bull with the Gamma 60 was one of the competitors for the tender issued by the US Atomic energy commission (AEC) for a machine 100 times faster than any then existing, alongside UNIVAC and IBM.
School, Harvard university, IBM and the Bell laboratories in the USA (Williams, 2000. In the early history of computing technology Europe and the USA were equally competitive.
Zuse and IBM are special cases. From the Moore School and the University of Iowa, from Aiken and Wilkes to Algol, the vast majority of the essential steps were achieved on academic grounds.
For a large industry such as the computer industry, an overall ecology of abstract ideas, engineering capabilities, technical skills,
Governments considered the computer industry a sector that could be supported with the old model of industrial policy:
Decisions leading to IBM System/360. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pugh, E 1995. Building IBM:
Shaping an Industry and its Technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Randell, B 1980. The COLOSSUS. In A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century.
My life at IBM and Beyond. New york: Bantam. Wildavsky, B 2010. The Great Brain Race.
For example, while the US are home to companies such as Google, Microsoft and Amazon which are all fairly young
in order to become the Googles, Microsofts or Amazons of tomorrow. The European commission's Innovation Union Communication of October 2010
Illustrative examples mentioned in the Bruegel report are founded Microsoft 1975, the US'fourth largest R&d spender), Amgen (1980, tenth largest in R&d) and Cisco (1984, 12th in R&d.
Companies like Microsoft Genetech, Google and Facebook not only grew rapidly but also stimu-28 For recent studies on the issue of determinants of firm growth see Moreno/Casillas (2008);
For example, while the US are home to companies such as Google, Microsoft and Amazon which are all fairly young
in order to become the Googles, Microsofts or Amazons of tomorrow. The European commission's Innovation Union Communication of October 2010
Illustrative examples mentioned in the Bruegel report are founded Microsoft 1975, the US'fourth largest R&d spender), Amgen (1980, tenth largest in R&d) and Cisco (1984, 12th in R&d.
Companies like Microsoft Genetech, Google and Facebook not only grew rapidly but also stimu-28 For recent studies on the issue of determinants of firm growth see Moreno/Casillas (2008);
On request of the Commission the Agency for Cooperation of Energy Regulators ACER elaborates Framework Guidelines.
ser participativo y regulado. acer castellano-manchegas a través del industrial, basado en la innovación y el desarrollo financiación pública y
and run on standard Intel Pentium 4 CPU 1. 70 GHZ Machines with 512 MB RAM, WINDOWS XP professional OS.
including private ICT companies such as Google, Hewlett packard, Microsoft, Accenture and Samsung. The pledges also come from universities, academies and local governments as well as national coalitions
Another pledge comes from Microsoft Europe which aims to increase the number of their high quality apprenticeships and internships by half over three years, from the current 9, 000 to 13,500.
Afke Schaart, senior director for EU Institutional Affairs at Microsoft told Euractiv that in January the company committed to a further two pledges focused on fostering entrepreneurship
Microsoft's senior director for EU institutional Affairs said. John Higgins, director general of Digital Europe, the association for the digital technology industry in Europe, said that the initiative had created already competition between actors involved on pledges.
Afke Schaart, senior director for EU Institutional Affairs at Microsoft, said that the growing integration of ICT across various sectors,
The primary bridge between these application environments was the widespread use of the IBM 3270, the DEC VT-100 and other standards for"intelligent"data display terminals, the basis for interactive data
one of Apple computer's cofounders. On the other hand, however, the disruptive effects of relentless innovation are inimical to the stabilization of routine and the improvement of efficiency of routine performance
Nathan Myrvhold of Microsoft suggested that software is a gas that"expands to fill its container...
%Western digital, the US (49.0%;%Apple, the US (39.2%;%Volkswagen, Germany (32.1%;%Qualcomm, the US (30.7%),Huawei, China (30.3%),Google, the US (27.7%).
Google (Internet), Oracle (Software), Qualcomm (Telecom equipment), Apple computer Hardware) and Broadcom (semiconductors. The performance of EU companies compared to US companies in the ICT sectors varies by subsector...
In 2nd position is Samsung Electronics from South korea with Microsoft from the US 3rd. The other companies in the top-ten include four from the US, two from Switzerland and one from Japan.
%Western digital, US (49.0%;%Gilead Sciences, US (46.4%).%)Those showing the largest decrease in R&d are Renesas, Japan(-24.9%;
Microsoft (€7. 9bn), Intel (€7. 7bn), Merck US (€6. 0bn), Johnson & johnson (€5. 8bn) and Pfizer (€5. 7bn.
%Western digital, US (49.0%;%Apple, US (39.2%;%Qualcomm, US (30.7%),Huawei, China (30.3%),Google, US (27.7%).
PFIZER INC.'S INFANT NUTRITION PFIZER INC. 30/11/2012 Acq. 100%MICROSOFT 6164 2 SKYPE GLOBAL SARL SILVER LAKE PARTNERS 13/10
%NOKIA 1700.0 NOKIA SIEMENS SIEMENS 07/08/2013 Acq. from 50%to 100%IBM 1559.0 SOFTLAYER GLOBAL INNOVATION 08/07/2013 Acq. 100%ORACLE
BEIJING FOTON DAIMLER 18/02/2012 Joint venture 100%SONY 535.5 SO-NET ENTERTAINMENT 20/09/2012 Acq. from 57.974%to 95.609%HUAWEI 398.4 HUAWEI SYMANTEC
SYMANTEC 30/03/2012 Acq. from 51%to 100%IBM 275.9 ALGORITHMICS INC. FITCH INC. 21/10/2011 Acq. 100%AMGEN 251.6 KAI PHARMACEUTICALS THOMAS
'S DEVELOPMENT CSR PLC 04/10/2012 Acq. 100%VOLKSWAGEN 139.5 MAN SE 05/06/2012 Acq. from 73.76%to 75.03%INTEL 105 8 CRAY
Sun microsystems) and ten companies joined the top 50 (Abbott, Amgen, Apple, Denso, Google, Huawei, Oracle, Panasonic, Qualcomm and Takeda pharmaceuticals).
or more places but remained within the top 50 include Siemens (now 17th), IBM (now 21st), Ford motor (now 23rd), Ericsson (now 28th), NTT (now 49th), Hewlett-packard (now 44th),
HEWLETT-PACKARD, USA 44. CANON, Japan 43. TOSHIBA, Japan 42. BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM, Germany 41. TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL, Japan 40.
IBM, USA 20. GLAXOSMITHKLINE, UK 19. PANASONIC, Japan 18. CISCO SYSTEMS, USA 17. SIEMENS, Germany 16.
PFIZER, USA 9. JOHNSON & JOHNSON, USA 8. MERCK US, USA 7. NOVARTIS, Switzerland 6. ROCHE, Switzerland 5. TOYOTA MOTOR, Japan 4. INTEL
, USA 3. MICROSOFT, USA 2. SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS, South korea 1. VOLKSWAGEN, Germany R&d investment (Euro million) USA EU Japan South korea Switzerland
2 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS up 31 3 MICROSOFT up 10 4 INTEL up 10 5 TOYOTA MOTOR dow n 1 6 ROCHE up 11 7 NOVARTIS
13 18 CISCO SYSTEMS up 13 19 PANASONIC up 128 20 GLAXOSMITHKLINE dow n 9 21 IBM dow n 12 22 NOKIA dow
41 TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL up 31 42 BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM up 20 43 TOSHIBA dow n 13 44 CANON dow n 5 45 HEWLETT-PACKARD dow
Taiwan Electronic equipment 1191.6 12 WESTERN DIGITAL USA Computer hardware 1191.5 13 ZTE China Telecommunications Equipment 1170.5 14 VALE Brazil Mining 1120.2*These companies
Similar cases occur in Finland where Nokia's R&d investment accounts for almost 74%of the total R&d by Finnish companies and in Ireland with Seagate The 2013 EU Industrial R&d Investment Scoreboard
, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Germany Madhu Sudan Microsoft Research, Cambridge, MA
MSR-TR-2005-111 (2005), http://research. microsoft. com/pubs/70208/tr-2005-111. pdf 21.
For instance, Tulafale 6, a tool by Microsoft Research based on Proverif 7, exploits abstract interpretation for verification of web services that use SOAP messaging, using logical predicates to relate the concrete
and Matthias Schunter2 1 Maastricht University, The netherlands glott. ruediger@gmail. com 2 IBM Research Z urich, R uschlikon, Switzerland huselmar@de
. ibm. com, mts@zurich. ibm. com 3 TU Darmstadt, Germany ahmad. sadeghi@trust. rub. de Abstract.
Similarly, IBM has launched a FISMA compliant Federal Community Cloud in 2010. Other cloud providers also adapt basic service security to the needs of specific markets and communities.
Microsoft has developed in the past years several Saas cloud services such as the Business Productivity Online Suite (BPOS.
Microsoft offers dedicated private cloud hosting and supports third-party or customer-site hosting. This allows tailor made solutions to specific security concerns-in particular in view of the needs of larger customers.
In the same way, the base security of Microsoft public cloud services is adapted to the targeted market.
Whereas Microsoft uses, e g.,, for the Office Live Workspace-in analogy to what Google does with Gmail-unencrypted data transfer between the cloud and the user
cloud services for more sensitive markets (such as Microsoft Health Vault) use SSL encryption by Default on the other hand commodity public cloud services such as the Amazon EC2 are still growing
, Novell, IBM), virtual private networking (e g.,, Amazon Virtual Private cloud), encryption (e g.,, Amazon managed encryption services)
From http://www. symantec. com/connect/blogs/w32stuxnet-dossier 6. Chow, R.,Golle, P.,Jakobsson, M.,Shi, E.,Staddon, J.,Masuoka, R
Enterprise privacy authorization language (EPAL 1. 1). IBM Research Report (2003) Data Usage Control in the future Internet Cloud 231 3. Bonneau, J
IBM Corporation (2008) 30. Prehofer, C.,Bettstetter, C.:Self-organization in Communication Networks: Principles and Design Paradigms.
and Marco Pistore7 1 Intel, Ireland, {joe. m. butler, michael. nolan}@ intel. com 2 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, Spain, juanlr@tid. com 3 SAP AG, Germany
, wolfgang. theilmann@sap. com 4 ENG, Italy, francesco. torelli@eng. com 5 Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany, ramin-yahyapour@udo. edu
Whitepaper IBM developerworks (March 2008), http://www. ibm. com/developer works/autonomic/library/ac-edge4/4. Theilmann, W.,Winkler, U
Large ICT companies, like Microsoft which consumes up to 27mw of energy at any given time 1,
such as IBM, Cisco, Microsoft, are involved strongly in and are contributing to shaping the research agenda.
IBM Journal of Research & development 53 (3), 338 353 (2009) 11. European commission: Growing Regions, Growing Europe:
of alternative models for running schools in India. 455) Social uses of commercial technology such as IBM's use of translation software on its Meedan website of Arabic blogs,
As pointed out by IBM, examples of value added exploitation of data streams concern the analysis of 5 million daily trade events created to identify potential fraud,
and energy (Footnote 4 continued) Mapreduce has been used to rewrite the production indexing system that produces the data structures used for the Google web search service 41.5 See for example how IBM has exploited/integrated Hadoop 42.1.1 Introduction 7 management.
confirming the claim by Andrew Mcafee and Erik Brynjolfsson 8 that data-driven decisions are better decisions,
Harv Bus Rev 90 (10): 70 76 6. IBM (2013) What is big data? http://www-01. ibm. com/software/data/bigdata/.
/Accessed 9 jul 2013 7. Pospiech M, Felden C (2012) Big data a state-of-the-art. In: Americas conference on information systems (AMCIS 2012) 8. Mcafee A, Brynjolfsson E (2012) Big data:
the management revolution. Harv Bus Rev 90 (10): 61 68 9. Wang RY, Strong DM (1996) Beyond accuracy:
IBM, Zikopoulos P, Eaton C (2011) Understanding big data: analytics for enterprise class hadoop and streaming data, 1st edn.
Google Apps, Facebook Youtube Microsoft Azure, Google Appengine, Amazon Simple DB/S3 Amazon EC2, Gogrid, Flexiscale Data centres Fig. 2. 2
High density, low cost chips IBM, Intel, AMD chips 50 3 Mobile Services As pointed out by Bagozzi 20, TAM is characterized by a‘‘parsimony''in the number of basic
store These stores are managed at global level by manufacturers of mobile operating systems (Apple, Samsung, Google, Microsoft, RIM),
, IBM System S, storing and processing large volume of data streams in real time Stream synopsis algorithms and software Histograms and sketches for data stream computation problems (see 37 for a survey) a According to 42 Hyperscale storage is measured a storage space in terms of petabytes,
/)Foursquare (foursquare. com) Augmented Reality Wikitude (http://www. wikitude. com/app/)Internet of things Microsoft Sensormap Radio frequency identification (RFID) embedded in objects for tracking commercial products,
Moreover, Mcafee Inc. corporation, which is an information security specialist, has cooperated with Carnegie mellon University, in a report entitled‘Mobility and Security'that addresses the consumerization related problems 12.
the Mcafee study concludes that theft or loss of the devices is considered as a bigger security threat,
According to Mcafee, a third of such devices losses resulted in a financial impact on the organization.
Another example is provided by Intel IT center in a form of white paper 14 in which another five steps have been suggested as ways for companies to take the control of the this growing trend
Support Employee Owned Devices In its report about IT consumerization 14, Intel has provided a set of best practices (see Fig. 5. 2) for supporting employee-owned devices in the enterprise.
According to 15, Microsoft has used qualitative and quantitative research in several countries to understand the different types of information workers,
which provided Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) solution that provides new capabilities for its users such as high-performance 3d graphics, unified collaboration and Voip with other products such as Microsoft Lync 2013.
For example, Microsoft's $1. 2bn acquisition of Yammer has positioned the software giant to introduce enterprise social networking capabilities to its existing business collaboration systems such as Sharepoint, Exchange, Lync and Office 365 17.
This acquisition by Microsoft is a clear example of the importance of social networking within work environments.
which is a communication product that Microsoft acquired last year for $8. 5bn and it is expected to integrate with its mainstream business applications 17.5.9 Case studies In this section we investigate some IT consumerization at work environments related case studies
Intel (2012) Five steps to consumerization of IT in the Enterprise. White Pap from Intel 15.
Harteveld A (2012) How the consumerization of IT affects your business microsoft recommendations for a consumerization of IT strategy.
Microsoft Services Enterprise Architecture, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, pp 1 22 16. Harteveld A (2012) Microsoft recommendations for a consumerization of IT strategy.
Microsoft Services Enterprise Architecture, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, pp 1 16 17. Taylor P (2012) Consumerization of corporate IT accelerate.
In: Financial times. http://www. ft com/cms/s/0/a2fb5172-c077-11e1-982d-00144feabdc0. html#axzz2lgryjslf.
Accessed 21 nov 2013 18. Carr DF (2011) How Avaya Is Embracing Social, Consumerization Trends. In:
Microsoft Sharepoint, IBM Lotus notes and Google apps for business. The latter one contains many useful applications such as Google doc for file sharing among team members,
Another example is produced by Adobe Systems Incorporation that introduced a collaborative tool called Adobe Story that provides the creative
and instant messaging that is developed by the recently acquired company by the software giant, Microsoft.
Microsoft Skydrive Skydrive is a file hosting service from Microsoft that allows users to upload
which means that users do not require a Microsoft account to access them. The features of the Microsoft Skydrive service include:
It allows users to upload, create, edit, and share Microsoft office documents directly within a Web browser.
Microsoft Onenote Onenote is a software from Microsoft that enables a free-form information gathering and provides capabilities for multi-user teamwork.
Also, Microsoft offers a web-based 6. 4 Digital Collaboration Systems and Ideas 125 version of Onenote as part of Skydrive or Office Web Apps, providing users with ability to modify notes via a Web browser.
security companies evaluations about the costs of the cybercrime worldwide were $110 billion every year according to Symantec Corp.;
IBM Syst J 32:4 16 20. Broadbent M, Weill P (1993) Improving business and information strategy alignment:
IBM Syst J 32: 162 179 21. Simonsson M, Johnson P, Ekstedt M (2010) The effect of IT governance maturity ON IT governance performance.
and capture value can be seen, for example, in the results of the Global CEO Study 2009 produced by the IBM Institute for Business Value 12,
IBM (2009) IBM Institute for Business Value's Biannual Global CEO Study 2009 13. Casadesus-Masanell R, Ricart JE (2007) Competing through business models WP no 713.
developed at the IBM Research Lab in Haifa, while his two partners both have extensive experience in the banking industry.
The management team is composed of data scientists, mathematicians, security experts and industry specialist, supported by the investments of some of the founders and CEOS of Google, Paypal, Verisign and Sun microsystems.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011