Your insights enrich our ability to anticipate the outlook for R&d funding. Jeffrey Wadsworth, Ph d. President and CEO Battelle CEO MESSAGE Key Contributors Mitch Horowitz Simon Tripp Anthony Gillespie Eric Rosenberg Pamela Mccoy
Significant R&d investments by western countries in long-range technology platforms like robotics, highperformance computing, social media, software, costeffective energy sources and nanobiotechnology could stimulate rapid industry
R&d investments often are linked closely to GDP and economic outlook. Global R&d investments, according to our analysis, are forecast to increase in 2014 and 2015 albeit at a decreasing rate in 2015.
The exception to this outlook may be Japan, which is correlated more with trends in the U s. and Europe than with neighboring Asian countries.
Outlook The broad patterns of R&d spending are expected not to change significantly in 2014, but regional shifts are occurring.
Factors that Influence the 2014 Outlook for U s. R&d Except for a dip in the 1970s at the point where industry surpassed government as the dominant research sponsor,
However, the outlook involves substantial uncertainty. In one scenario, BCA-mandated continued reductions in non-defense discretionary spending could result in lower R&d funding.
that industrial R&d spending is correlated with the current economy and the stability of its outlook.
Funding Trends & Outlook In response to the 2009-2010 recession, the ARRA added about $18 billion of federal investments to baseline funding for academic research.
THE rankings are based on teaching, research, knowledge transfer and international outlook. 0%25%50%75%100%Top 400 Top 50 Top 10 Non-u.
Long-term Outlook for R&d Expenditures Source: Battelle and R&d Magazine Source: Battelle and R&d Magazine China places more emphasis on development, less on basic research Different Priorities Among Research Leaders 14 R&dmagazine December 2013 www. rdmag. com
cost and public perceptions have weakened the outlook for nuclear energy in the U s.,Europe and Japan all three of which,
Outlook In the second quarter of 2013, the EU emerged from six consecutive quarters of economic contraction
research, knowledge transfer and global outlook. The U k. had the largest number of European universities in the top 400 list with 29.
Regulatory Context Influences U s. R&d Outlook The U s. life science industry emerged from the combined challenges of the recession and patent expirations with fresh strategies for R&d.
software and services that make up the modern information age, spanning semiconductors, telecommunications, productivity or security software, computers, tablets and gaming.
Across all these applications the integration of smaller, faster, mobile, and more powerful electronics with the increasingly pervasive Internet continues to drive innovation in networking and information technologies across all industries.
Other device and software manufacturers are addressing the functional size of their applications as devices get smaller, lighter, thinner,
and memory to hold operating systems becomes faster and cheaper. The concept of wireless is no longer a feature
Sooner or later new investments were necessary with respect to the newly purchased equipment (upgrading of the related software, maintenance,
To build world-class clusters in key sectors of opportunity 9 of the 10 top global software companies 9 of the 10 top global pharmaceutical companies top global medical technologies companies
and to increase the levels of research, innovation and technology development for the benefit of enterprise. 1 IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2014 2 IMF, World Economic Outlook,
and Key sectoral initiatives in high growth sectors such as food, manufacturing, software, internationally traded services and construction resulting in a more diversified trade portfolio for Enterprise Ireland clients,
We os. This cil. result the his eing 7, . 6 in this 2015 ACTION PLAN FOR JOBS 85 7. Entrepreneurship Central bank research shows that startup companies in the first five years of existence account for two thirds of all new jobs
The fiscal outlook for 2015 is better than in previous years. Ireland's economic recovery is well under way,
An independent panel was convened at end 2014 to review progress and will report in early 2015 on next steps to sustain progress
in light of a more optimistic economic outlook, there is now an opportunity to set them in context
and complete the review of the Independent Panel established to review progress. DJEI, Research Prioritisation Action Group) 267 Develop a successor to the Strategy for Science,
and encouraging new technology intensive and software start-ups that are focused on addressing the needs of the manufacturing sector.
The second chapter provides an outlook on the policy activities that are happening in the European union.
Employment Outlook (OECD, 1999; Composite Indicator on E-business Readiness (EC, 2004b; National Health care System Performance (King's Fund.
'for both dependent and independent input factors, are implemented in the freely distributed software SIMLAB (Saltelli et al.,
issues and outlook, Journal of Consumer Research 5: 103-123. Greenacre, M. J.,(1984), Theory and applications of correspondence analysis.
Karlsson J. 1998), A systematic approach for prioritizing software requirements, Phd. Dissertation n. 526, Linkoping, Sverige.
Mcgraw-hill. OECD (1999), Employment Outlook, Paris. OECD (2003), Quality Framework and Guidelines for OECD Statistical Activities, www. oecd. org/statistics.
Software for sensitivity analysis is available at http://www. jrc. ec. europa. eu/uasa/prj-sa-soft. asp.
Europeanuropeanuropeanuropeanuropeanuropeanuropean Commissionommissionommissionommissionommissionommissionommissionommissionommiss on 2010c), Cloud computing (the use of online servers for the purposes of information storage and remote access), if not a familiar term, will be a familiar concept to many through the widespread use of Web
to enable European SMES to make the most of cloud computing. Making an informed choicecloud computing requires careful consideration by an SME owner of the kind of services the firm is able to buy, the interoperability of these with current software, the pricing of bolt-on services,
State and Outlook 2010. Material resources and Waste. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen. Eco-innovations focused on improving material
Ecococon in Lithuania is a small company that has started reaping the benefits of building houses out of straw panels,
software tool for Energy-using products and processes for SMES in this sector. www. limas-eup. eu/en/eupeco profiler?
TRI-VIZOR's Cross Supply Chain Methodology software makes it possible to maximise in real-time the total community gains in cost and CO2. www. trivizor. com Shields Environment:
www. accenture. com/us-en/outlook/Pages/outlookjournal-2012-why-sustainable-supply-chain-is-good-business. aspx Eco-innovate production processes Eco-innovate!
These resources are for internet platforms that are digital open source and open hardware environments supporting social innovation by empowering
CAPS uses collective intelligence and contributes to develop an open source and decentralized infrastructure for connecting citizens and the internet in a decentralized open architecture.
a centralized social network, take Google docs, a centralized group and document management system, take Youtube, a centralized media hosting facility.
and soon their results will be assessed by individual panels of individual experts (annual reviews). There will also be an impact assessment in January 2014,
2 a business panel on future European innovation policy that provided a set of recommendations from a business perspective on priorities for future EU innovation policy;
The Proper Balance Of Competition And Patent Law And Policy, 2003 available at http://www. ftc. gov/os/2003/10/innovationrpt. pdf. Presentations by Bruno van Pottelsberghe
when considering the amount of funding that Europe is pouring into the R&d efforts of research and technology organisations (RTOS) and universities through framework programmes and other funds.
A vision for 2020, Report of the Expert Panel for the Review of the European Standardisation System, exp384, February 2010, available online at:
http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/european-standards/files/express/exp 384 express report final distrib en. pdf. The Expert Panel for the Review of the European Standardisation System (EXPRESS) comprised 30 individual
Common in open source IP environments. No financial compensation for technology providers. F) RAND Once the standard is set,
research organisations, C (2008) 1329,4 October. 84 GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS Expert Panel for the Review of the European Standardisation System (EXPRESS)( 2010), Standardisation for a competitive and innovative Europe:
a vision for 2020, Report of the Expert Panel for the Review of the European Standardisation System, exp384, February (http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/policies/european-standards/files/express
the need for communication and for information technologies and software support that communication. Information and communication technologies (ICT) have made possible new business models and even new business structures.
and the specialists have defined ICT as the hardware, software application programs, telecommunication networks and technical expertise that support information processing and communications activities at all levels of a company (Marchand et al. 2001).
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa. eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
The use of peer review panels, to ensure a broader understanding of the research being assessed, as well as of its contribution to knowledge,
the complexity of knowledge has led to a diverse range of output formats, inter alia, audio 26 visual recordings, computer software and databases, technical drawings, designs or working models,
and including translations, software, encyclopaedia entries, research or technical reports, legal cases and maps. Drawing on the experience of rankings and existent research assessment exercises, Table 2 presents a comprehensive survey of the wide range of stakeholders and uses to
Peer review Panels: Several case studies underscore the importance of peer review panels. The process helps ensure a broader understanding of the research
and its contribution to knowledge, including the importance of new disciplines and interdisciplinarity. In Finland, France, The netherlands and the UK, panels include international experts;
in Finland, France and The netherlands, this also involves visits to the university. Peer review panels are used also to assess the quality of research outputs and outlets of individual researchers for career promotion,
such as in Spain. Indicators: All systems use bibliometric indicators, although many balance this with other information about the research environment, research strategy and management,
master & doctorate research students Peer review Panels Self evaluation Reports IF you want to use research assessment to INCREASE REGIONAL/COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, then
Use holistic peer review assessment panels to benchmark performance against international comparators, assisted by simple output indicators.
Use knowledge clusters as unit of assessment by peer review panels; Data on output according to knowledge cluster perhaps using bibliometrics with focus on authors from different disciplines;
open source and open repositories is vital. Although the added value of these approaches including 58 their implications for scientific-scholarly practice
which was responsible with two other universities for the Evaluation 64 of Uppsala University, the Evaluation Committee for Estonian Departments of Russian Philology and the International Evaluation Panel for the Faculty of arts of Jyväskylä University.
She was Chair of the Research Quality Framework (RQF) Creative Arts Panel in 65 its developmental phase.
non-refereed, extracts of paper) Edited volumes of conference proceedings Audiovisual recordings Computer software, databases Technical drawings, designs or working models Design (major works
research contributions to innovation and socioeconomic benefit, e g. research and technical reports, patents and plant breeder rights, computer software, designs and prototypes,
Since 2004, Google Scholar has provided a freely-accessible Web search engine that indexes the full text of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines.
Moreover, it excludes the move towards open science or open source IT software or the embodied expertise of the social sciences. 9. 10.2 EMPLOYABILITY OF PHD GRADUATES Description:
The latter can be captured by involving key stakeholders and end-users directly in review panels or in written assessments.
with Panels appointed, Submission Specifications released in September 2007, and submission date set for April 2008.
discipline-appropriate assessment by 13 discipline-grouping panels of expert peers, including research end-users and international researchers;
Peer panels will not be required to read publications accessed via repositories but will rely instead on discipline-appropriate indicators.
Eight ERA Panels will replace the 13 RQF Panels. Universities will report on research outputs by Field of Research codes.
Following a complete cycle through the 8 panels over 3-4 years, the Government is likely to attach funding to outcomes.
and an on-site visit of a panel of internationally recognised experts of the discipline in question.
and the peer review panel) during the assessment process; an academic coordinator is nominated by the university authorities (usually from outside the country;
a panel of 10 experts is convened by the academic coordinator; each team has to prepare a self evaluation document, based on a common template:
89 1. 2. Presentation of the most important research results (2 pages max) 1. 3. Outlook on future research activities envisaged (1 page max.
teams are compiled by the Research Department and sent to the expert panel; based on the analysis of this compilation, each expert assesses each team on seven indicators,
a one-day on-site panel meeting is organized, attended by the 10 members of the panel, the team leaders,
two assessment reports are written by the coordinator and the members of the panel: 1. General report on the discipline("public")1. 1. Context 1. 2. The discipline and its teams 1. 3. The assessment methodology 90 1. 4. Conclusions of the members
of the panel 1. 5 Comments on the process of assessment 1. 6. Observations of the academic coordinator Annexes:
data collection on the teams, evaluation files, CVS of the members of the panel 2. Report on the teams("private")2. 1. The team 2. 2. The team's research activities
The panels were asked to give their written statements and quantitative grades not only on research quality,
undertaken by nine international panels (all panels visiting the University at the same time). The panels were asked to prepare written assessments
and to give grades (from 1 to 5) on the basis on the material submitted by the departments
The panels were asked to assess issues such as research leadership research strategy, including human resources strategy and the focus of research,
the panels were asked to focus on such indicators of future research potential as the Unit's vision and plans for the future,
3) expert panels comprised of eminent foreign scholars/scientists; 4) site-visits of one week duration;
to acquaint foreign researchers (experts serving on evaluation panels) with the research carried out and the researchers working at the university in question.
and editorial assignments), budget and external funding The assessment was conducted by 21 international peer review panels (altogether 148 experts:
Panel members received all relevant materials ahead of the site visit, including information on the Finnish university system and research policy.
the Panel Chair finalized it afterwards. For quantitative evaluation a scale of 7 to 1 was used.
Site visits of the panels: May-November 2005. Publication of results on the university web site: 1 march 2006 (Summary Report, Individual Evaluation Reports.
The evaluation committees (or panels) are comprised of seven to ten members each; each committee has a chair.
99 10.6 GERMANY-FORSCHUNGSRATING (CONDUCTED BY WISSENSCHAFTSRAT Executive Summary The German Science Council Rating carried out a pilot study based on peer review, information from departments, metrics and a reviewers'panel.
other research products, e g. databases, software; third-stream projects; prizes (chemistry: work-done-at principle;
The results of the Initiative were based on the assessment universities'plans for the future undertaken by an international panel.
These were reviewed by internationally appointed panels of experts. The reviews of the Graduate schools and the Clusters were discussed in the‘Expert Commission,
Members of the disciplinary panels established by CIVR used at least 2 independent opinions from international experts,
to be submitted to the Panels for evaluation. In particular, each University was asked to submit 0, 5 products per Full Time Equivalent researcher covering the last three years;
Each areas was assigned to a Panel, with a Chairman and a number of experts between 5 and 9 units (151 in total),
or more external evaluations into a unique score and submitted to the overall panel for the consensus. The evaluation was published only after consensus. First evaluation was carried out on research products for the period 2001-2003.
Only in one case (economics) a strong debate was reported within the Evaluation Panel, based on conflict between a view supporting international publications as the exclusive valuable research output,
RAE 2008-Peer review with panels meeting to determine a collective view on the quality of research for each submitted unit of assessment in each higher education institution.
Postscript and Powerpoint files are clearly related to academic activities.''Methodology, incl. time-frame, resources, costs, technologies:
'‘Access to the Web information is done mainly through search engines. These intermediaries are free, universal, and very powerful even when considering their shortcomings (coverage limitations and biases, lack of transparency, commercial secrets and strategies, irregular behaviour).
Search engines are important for measuring visibility and impact of university's websites. There are a limited number of sources that can be useful for Webometric purposes:
7 general search engines (Google*,Yahoo Search*,Live (MSN) Search*,Exalead*,Ask (Teoma), Gigablast and Alexa) and 2 specialised scientific databases (Google Scholar*and Live Academic.
the four indicators were obtained from the quantitative results provided by the main search engines as follows: Size (S). Number of pages recovered from four engines:
pdf), Adobe Postscript(.ps), Microsoft word(.doc) and Microsoft Powerpoint(.ppt). ) These data were extracted using Google and merging the results for each filetype after log-normalising in the same way as described before.
Scholar (Sc. Google Scholar provides the number of papers and citations for each academic domain.
These results from the Scholar database represent papers, reports and other academic items. The four ranks were combined according to a formula where each one has a different weight:
'‘The only source for the data of the Webometrics Ranking is a small set of globally available, free access search engines.
and providing the software at no charge to the physician. A collaborative process: The strategy for achieving the goals of the project was comprised of the following components and steps:
JUNE 2010 173 are equipped not to make about both hardware and software. This means providing massive training and support to help doctors learn to use the new technology
23 6-Implications and Research Outlook...23 7-Summary...25 LIST OF ANNEXES References BARRIERS TO INNOVATION IN SMES:
Challenges associated with the chances of global innovation are discussed in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 entails general implications and research outlook.
The starting salary of a software developer working for the German software firm SAP in India was reported at 8, 000 euros per annum in 2004,
For instance, Hirschfeld (2005) reports several incidences of intercultural nuisances in Indo-German software development work.
and Research Outlook As the discussion above has demonstrated, global innovation activities, especially, the internationalization of R&d, may lead to a mitigation of the effects of innovation barriers faced by SMES in their home country.
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2006, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Preuß, R. 2007:
acquisition of advanced machinery, equipment and software for innovation; purchase or licensing of patents and non-patented inventions, know-how and other types of knowledge;
Proact Policy Outlook (2008) LAU-1 regions (sub-region) in Hungary by innovative capabilities Source:
but this outlook from the knowledge supply side does not guarantee voice. The second condition alludes to the nature of the problem
The unaffordable alternative was importing a special software. The passage from the problem to demand was mediated by actors who are affected not directly by the problem
because the cognitive outcome obtained is free software so it does not require material investment or large-scale logistics for implementation.
The software developed was transferred directly to the PCE for use in patients, while the research group made contacts with members of the international medical community for evaluation and accreditation,
Mildenberger (UHEI, Germany) Konstantinos Modikos (ATL, Greece) Robin Murray (Member of Tepsie's independent Advisory Panel.
culture and religion Social protection Public order and safety General public services 5. Place making (for community and local development) The adoption of this societal challenge approach has also been endorsed by Tepsie's Advisory Panel
the reduction (or qualitative change) in social capital (instead of people actually meeting in person with all the personal interactions that usually shape relationships, they merely Skype and leave aside all the rest),
Services such as Skype have made global videoconferencing free and made it easier for people to form work partnerships across countries.
as well as completely new types of work such as web-design, app development, software programming or any other types which need ICT
Each step of the laundry process has its own software module, and all required human supervision is kept simple and user friendly.
and typically based on freeware programs which can also be adapted and further developed. There is an online screening tool for new student start-ups capturing ideas, strategies, key features, partners, markets, funding, etc.
(which provides free software and assistance for anyone to run a website like Fixmystreet in your country or city,
hardware and software components fully open for other suppliers, as well as Mextal (the firm owning and commercially selling the concept),
as well as appropriate software and content. Viedome is broadly applicable in houses as well as in institutions, and has a modular building block setup so can be implemented in unique ways as desired for individual users.
The TEM case has adopted also standard ICT solutions for both web and mobile as open source e-platforms,
regulated informally in community-Civil funding (free software), civil partners and civil operation-Athens, copied from elsewhere
The Athens Time Bank case has adopted standard ICT solutions for web and mobile as free of charge open source e-platforms,
Social media and social communication tools (like Skype) are used also. The ICT operates together with traditional and physical activities
patients, and scientists, using principles of open source and generation of content by users, and the power of networks in order to personalise health care, collaborate,
Lifespring, India-Lifespring chose Red hat Enterprise Linux, JBOSS Enterprise Middleware, and a number of Red hat certified, enterprise-class, open source software solutions to build its entire IT infrastructure.
Increased flexibility and choice by freeing the organisation from vendor lock in, decreased IT costs, simplified management, reduced systems maintenance,
an open-source tool for mobile data collection and loaded it onto an Android Smartphone that the Community Health Workers (CHWS) carry when visiting patients.
The completed surveys are uploaded then to a Vecna-hosted server where the data is available for download and reporting.
Vecna Cares upgraded the Clinipak software at Enoosaen and Olereko clinics with new features for improved patient outreach,
and in the expansion of high-tech industries (ICT, electrical and optical equipment, pharmaceutical industry) and knowledge-based services (business services, software development, etc..
many dealt with the development of telecommunications equipments and specific softwares. The measure had ten rounds
All of the most innovative ideas, from Skype to Wikipedia, from online cartography to app stores, had a very quick, viral spreading.
323988. http://booksprints-for-ict-research. eu FLOSS Manuals Foundation FLOSS Manuals creates free documentation about free software.
The first example of such reflections has been Free and Open source Software which has been investigated from many theoretical viewpoints,
e g. software development capabilities, social innovation concepts, etc. The ability to reach out to highly skilled people who can contribute freely,
It is available under the MIT license in 32-bit and 64-bit versions for Windows, GNU/Linux-based OSES,
and MAC OS X. 4. Book Sprint http://booksprints-for-ict-research. eu Book Sprint is a collaborative process that brings together a small group of people to develop
Crabgrass https://we. riseup. net Crabgrass is a software libre web application designed for group
Liquid Feedback http://liquidfeedback. org Liquidfeedback is an open-source software, powering internet platforms for proposition development and decision making. 27.
/locale=en Loomio is free and open-source software for anyone, anywhere, to participate in decisions. 28.
Pump. io http://pump. io Social server with an Activitystreams API. 43 38. Pybossa http://pybossa. com Pybossa is a free, 100%open-source framework for crowdsourcing.
and runs, the Slashdot-Like Automated Storytelling Homepage software. 43. Status. Net http://status. net Free and open-source social software. 44.
Succeed Together http://www. succeedtogether. eu/en A company that is creating a semantic engine which allows groups of 500 to 3000 people to answer questions qualitatively,
Twister http://twister. net. co Twister is decentralised a fully P2p microblogging platform leveraging from the free software implementations of Bitcoin and Bittorrent protocols. 47.
Ushahidi http://ushahidi. com Nonprofit tech company that specialises in developing free and open-source software for information collection, visualisation and interactive mapping. 48.
wiki=Accueil Yeswiki is made a software application for creating and managing your website, in a collaborative way.
Yeswiki is written Free Software in PHP language under the GPL licence, used for creating and managing an internet or intranet website. 54.
This important achievement was made possible by engaging European citizens in a sign-in campaign centralised on the initiative web. 69 Outlook for the Future The CAPS projects introduced in this book are the first projects to be funded under the CAPS programme
Currie, M.,Kelty, C. & Murillo, L. F. R (2013)' Free Software trajectories: From Organized Publics to Formal Social Enterprises?'.
The Cultural Significance of Free Software. Duke university Press. Kirk, D.,Douglas, A.,Brennan, C. & Ingram, A. 2002)' Combining Cognitive Maps and Soft Systems Methodology to Analyse Qualitative Data'.
Standardisation The automation of processes and services is not feasible without data standards that allow communication through open access internet-oriented software languages.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
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